CN111036410B - Method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through chelating inhibitor PBTCA - Google Patents

Method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through chelating inhibitor PBTCA Download PDF

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CN111036410B
CN111036410B CN201911181542.2A CN201911181542A CN111036410B CN 111036410 B CN111036410 B CN 111036410B CN 201911181542 A CN201911181542 A CN 201911181542A CN 111036410 B CN111036410 B CN 111036410B
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flotation
phosphate
magnesium
phosphate ore
value
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CN111036410A (en
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印万忠
杨斌
朱张磊
曹少航
孙浩然
姚金
唐远
胡杰
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Northeastern University China
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/014—Organic compounds containing phosphorus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/06—Depressants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores
    • B03D2203/04—Non-sulfide ores
    • B03D2203/06—Phosphate ores

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Abstract

A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA belongs to the field of salt mineral flotation separation. Adding water, mixing the slurry and the pH value, adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid), performing direct flotation for magnesium removal, drying the obtained flotation product to obtain low-magnesium phosphate concentrate, wherein P is the phosphate concentration2O5The recovery rate is 77.54-84.31% by weight, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 74.06-83.08% by weight. According to the method, a chelate inhibitor PBTCA is added to selectively inhibit flotation of dolomite, so that the difference of the floating performance of the apatite and the dolomite is enlarged, and the positive flotation method is adopted to realize effective separation of the apatite and the dolomite. In addition, the chelating inhibitor PBTCA has the characteristics of biodegradability, no toxicity, high selectivity, low cost and easy commercial acquisition, and can realize the aim of flotation and magnesium removal of high-magnesium low-grade phosphate ores.

Description

Method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through chelating inhibitor PBTCA
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by direct flotation, in particular to a method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation by using a chelate inhibitor PBTCA, belonging to the technical field of salt mineral flotation separation.
Background
Phosphorus is one of the most common elements on earth and is an essential constituent of organic organisms. At present, the acquisition of phosphorus mainly comes from the development and utilization of phosphate ore. Phosphate rock is used as a main raw material in the phosphorus industry and is widely applied to the fields of agriculture, food, medicine, chemical industry and the like. With the development of modern agriculture, the demand of high-quality phosphate ores is increased due to the large consumption of phosphate fertilizers, and the quantity of high-quality phosphate ores is rapidly reduced, so that the development of low-grade phosphate ore resources is an important measure for ensuring the sustainable development of national economy. However, low-grade phosphate ores have the characteristics of complicated accompanying mineral, fine disseminated particle size and low content of useful phosphorus minerals, and development of the low-grade phosphate ores still faces a lot of difficulties. At present, the flotation method is one of the most main methods for efficiently separating low-grade phosphate ore. However, the mainly useful apatite in the phosphate ore has similar physical and chemical properties with the magnesium carbonate mineral dolomite, so that the phosphate ore is difficult to be effectively separated, and the development and utilization of low-grade phosphate ore resources are seriously restricted. At present, the fatty acid collecting agent is widely applied to flotation separation of phosphate ores, but the fatty acid collecting agent has strong collecting effect on apatite and dolomite, so that the efficient separation of the apatite and the dolomite is difficult to realize, further, the MgO content of phosphate ore concentrate is high, and the excessive consumption of phosphatic acid is often aggravated by the existence of magnesium impurities. Therefore, the development of the novel inhibitor increases the flotation performance difference between the apatite and the dolomite, realizes the efficient flotation separation of the apatite and the dolomite, reduces the MgO impurity content of the phosphate concentrate, and has important significance for the development and utilization of low-grade phosphate ore resources.
The 2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid (PBTCA) has low phosphorus content, has good scale inhibition and corrosion inhibition performance due to the structural characteristics of phosphonic acid and carboxylic acid, is widely applied to corrosion and scale inhibition of a circulating cooling water system and an oil field water injection system, is particularly suitable for being compounded with zinc salt and a copolymer for use, can be used in occasions with high temperature, high hardness, high alkali and high concentration factor, and can be used as a chelating agent and a metal cleaning agent in the washing industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the requirements of the prior art, the invention provides a method for carrying out flotation and demagging on phosphate ores by using a chelate inhibitor PBTCA, wherein the used chelate inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) is used for flotation and demagging of the phosphate ores, and the method mainly aims to selectively inhibit flotation of dolomite by adding the novel chelate inhibitor PBTCA, enlarge the difference of the flotation performance of the apatite and the dolomite, and realize effective separation of the apatite and the dolomite by adopting a direct flotation method. In addition, the novel chelating inhibitor PBTCA has the characteristics of biodegradability, no toxicity, high selectivity, low cost and easy commercial acquisition, and can realize the aim of flotation and magnesium removal of high-magnesium low-grade phosphate ores.
The invention relates to a method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA, which applies the chelating inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) to the process for removing magnesium from the phosphate ore by flotation.
More specifically, a chelating inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) aqueous solution is placed in ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5 for positive flotation magnesium removal.
The invention relates to a method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation by using a chelating inhibitor PBTCA, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: size mixing
Mixing phosphate ore and deionized water, stirring and mixing to obtain phosphate ore pulp; wherein, according to the mass ratio, the phosphorus ore: deionized water 1: (2-8);
detecting the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp, and performing the next step when the pH value is 8-11.5; when the pH value is less than 8, adding a pH regulator into the phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 8-11.5, continuously stirring and mixing the slurry for 1-3 min to obtain the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5, and then carrying out the next step;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) solution into the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5, stirring and mixing for 2-4 min, adding a collecting agent sodium oleate solution or a collecting agent oleic acid solution, continuously stirring for 2-4 min, and then carrying out flotation and foam scraping for 4-6 min to obtain a flotation foam product and the residual tailings in the tank; wherein, according to the solid-to-liquid ratio, the dosage of the chelating inhibitor PBTCA in the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5 is 40-80 mg/L; the amount of the collector in the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5 is 80-120 mg/L, preferably 100 mg/L;
and step 3: flotation product treatment
And drying the flotation foam product to obtain the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate.
In the step 1, the size mixing is carried out at room temperature, wherein the room temperature is 20-25 ℃.
In the step 1, the time for stirring and size mixing is preferably 1-3 min, and the rotating speed of a stirring impeller for stirring and size mixing is preferably 1800-2100 rpm, and more preferably 1900 rpm.
In the step 1, the phosphate ore is mainly a mixed ore of apatite and dolomite, wherein the apatite accounts for 70-90% and the dolomite accounts for 30-10% by mass, and the balance is quartz and calcite; wherein the mass percentage of the quartz and the calcite is 1-5%.
In the step 1, size mixing is carried out in flotation equipment, the flotation equipment is preferably a hanging-groove type flotation machine, and the stirring speed of the hanging-groove type flotation machine is 1800-2100 rpm.
In the step 1, the pH value regulator is NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5-3%, and NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1% is more preferable.
In the step 2, a chelating inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) solution is a chelating inhibitor PBTCA water solution with the mass concentration of 2-4 g/L, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding NaOH into deionized water, adjusting the pH value to be 8-11.5 to obtain a NaOH aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-11.5, adding PBTCA into the NaOH aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-11.5, fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a clear chelate inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2-4 g/L, preferably a chelate inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 3 g/L.
In the step 2, the stirring speed is 1800-2100 rpm, preferably 1900 rpm.
In the step 2, the collecting agent sodium oleate solution is preferably a sodium oleate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3-5 g/L, and the preparation method is as follows: adding solid powder of collecting agent sodium oleate into deionized water, heating to 50-60 ℃, and stirring until the solid powder of collecting agent sodium oleate is completely dissolved to obtain the collecting agent sodium oleate aqueous solution.
In the step 2, the collector oleic acid solution is preferably an oleic acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3-5 g/L.
In the step 3, the main component of the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is P according to the mass percentage2O5>38.0％，MgO≤1.39％。
In the step 3, P in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5The recovery rate is 77.54-84.31% by mass percent, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 74.06-83.08% by mass percent.
Compared with the prior art, the method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation by using the chelate inhibitor PBTCA has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention develops the use of a novel chelating inhibitor PBTCA, can realize the aim of magnesium removal of phosphate ore by direct flotation, and has simpler process method. The principle for realizing the flotation and magnesium removal of the phosphate ore comprises the following steps: the chelate inhibitor PBTCA has strong chelation on metal ions, particularly has strong chelation on magnesium ions, the dolomite surface exposes calcium ions and also exposes a large amount of magnesium ions, so that the chelate inhibitor PBTCA is strongly adsorbed on the dolomite surface, and a collector (sodium oleate or oleic acid) is prevented from being adsorbed on the dolomite surface, so that the flotation of dolomite is inhibited, the apatite surface only exposes calcium ions, the chelate inhibitor PBTCA is weakly adsorbed on apatite, and a large amount of the collector (sodium oleate or oleic acid) is adsorbed on the apatite surface, so that the apatite has good floatability. Therefore, the flotation performance difference of the apatite and the dolomite is enlarged by adding the chelating inhibitor PBTCA, so that the flotation separation of the apatite and the dolomite is realized.
2. The novel chelating inhibitor PBTCA provided by the invention has the characteristics of biodegradability, no toxicity, high selectivity, low cost and easy commercial acquisition, can replace the use of the traditional inorganic acid inhibitor for flotation separation of apatite and dolomite, reduces the corrosion maintenance of equipment, and saves the treatment cost of later-stage acid wastewater.
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FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for removing magnesium by flotation of phosphate ore by using a chelating inhibitor PBTCA in the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is an XRD pattern of apatite and dolomite in an example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
In the following examples, deionized water was used as a solvent for the solutions unless otherwise noted, and the reagents and materials were commercially available.
In the following examples, for research and analysis, the phosphate ore was artificially mixed apatite and dolomite, wherein the particle size of apatite and dolomite was not more than 74 μm, and the mass ratio of apatite to dolomite in the phosphate ore was 17: 3. Further, the mass purities of apatite and dolomite were 97.36% and 98.39%, respectively, and XRD patterns thereof are shown in FIG. 2.
In the following examples, the preparation method of the chelating inhibitor PBTCA (2-phosphonobutane-1, 2, 4-tricarboxylic acid) solution used was: adding NaOH into deionized water, adjusting the pH value to be 8-11.5 to obtain a NaOH aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-11.5, adding PBTCA into the NaOH aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-11.5, fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a clear chelate inhibitor PBTCA solution.
In the following examples, the preparation of the collector sodium oleate solution used was: adding solid powder of collecting agent sodium oleate into deionized water, heating to 50-60 ℃, and stirring until the solid powder of collecting agent sodium oleate is completely dissolved to obtain the collecting agent sodium oleate aqueous solution.
Example 1
A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA is shown in a process flow diagram of figure 1 and comprises the following steps of removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation:
step 1: size mixing
Placing phosphate ore into a flotation tank of an XFGII hanging tank type flotation machine at the temperature of 20 ℃, and adding deionized water, wherein the phosphate ore and the deionized water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, mixing, stirring and mixing the slurry for 2min under the condition that the rotating speed of an impeller is 1800 rpm; then adding a pH regulator NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 0.5% into the obtained phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 8, and then stirring and mixing the pulp for 2 min;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L into the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8, stirring for 3min, then adding a collecting agent sodium oleate solution with the mass concentration of 3g/L, wherein the adding amount of the collecting agent sodium oleate accounts for 80mg/L of the phosphate ore pulp, continuously stirring for 3min, and finally carrying out flotation and foam scraping on the phosphate ore pulp for 5 min.
And step 3: flotation product treatment
After the positive flotation magnesium removal process is finished, respectively drying, weighing and testing the grade of a flotation foam product, namely low-magnesium phosphate concentrate, and a product in a cell, namely tailings, and calculating the product index.
In the embodiment, the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: p2O538.75 percent of MgO, 1.23 percent of MgO; p in low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5Accounts for P in the raw materials2O584.31% of the total mass, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 75.71% by mass.
Example 2
A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA comprises the following steps of:
step 1: size mixing
Placing phosphate ore into a flotation tank of an XFGII hanging tank type flotation machine at 25 ℃, and adding deionized water, wherein the phosphate ore and the deionized water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, mixing, stirring and size mixing for 2min under the condition that the rotating speed of an impeller is 1900 rpm; then adding a pH regulator NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 1.5% into the obtained phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 9.5, and then stirring and mixing the slurry for 2 min;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L into the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 9.5, stirring for 3min, then adding a collecting agent sodium oleate solution with the mass concentration of 3g/L, wherein the adding amount of the collecting agent sodium oleate accounts for 90mg/L of the phosphate ore pulp, continuously stirring for 3min, and finally carrying out flotation and foam scraping on the phosphate ore pulp, wherein the flotation time is 5 min.
And step 3: flotation product treatment
After the positive flotation magnesium removal process is finished, respectively drying, weighing and testing the grade of a flotation foam product, namely low-magnesium phosphate concentrate, and a product in a cell, namely tailings, and calculating the product index.
In the embodiment, the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: p2O538.95 percent of MgO, 1.13 percent of MgO; p in low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5Accounts for P in the raw materials2O580.24% of the total mass, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 79.34% by mass percentage.
Example 3
A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA comprises the following steps of:
step 1: size mixing
Placing phosphate ore into a flotation tank of an XFGII hanging tank type flotation machine at the temperature of 20 ℃, and adding deionized water, wherein the phosphate ore and the deionized water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, mixing, stirring and mixing for 2min under the condition that the rotating speed of an impeller is 2100 rpm; then adding a pH regulator NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 3% into the obtained phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 11.5, and then stirring and mixing the slurry for 2 min;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L into the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8, stirring for 3min, then adding a collecting agent sodium oleate solution with the mass concentration of 5g/L, wherein the adding amount of the collecting agent sodium oleate accounts for 120mg/L of the phosphate ore pulp, continuously stirring for 3min, and finally carrying out flotation and foam scraping on the phosphate ore pulp for 5 min.
And step 3: flotation product treatment
After the positive flotation magnesium removal process is finished, respectively drying, weighing and testing the grade of a flotation foam product, namely low-magnesium phosphate concentrate, and a product in a cell, namely tailings, and calculating the product index.
In the embodiment, the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: p2O539.25 percent and 0.97 percent of MgO; p in low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5Accounts for P in the raw materials2O579.72 percent of the total mass, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 83.08 percent by mass.
Example 4
A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA comprises the following steps of:
step 1: size mixing
Placing phosphate ore into a flotation tank of an XFGII hanging tank type flotation machine at 25 ℃, and adding deionized water, wherein the phosphate ore and the deionized water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, stirring and mixing the slurry for 2min under the condition that the rotating speed of an impeller is 2000 rpm; then adding a pH regulator NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the obtained phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 10.5, and then stirring and mixing the slurry for 2 min;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L into the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 10.5, stirring for 3min, then adding a collecting agent sodium oleate solution with the mass concentration of 3g/L, wherein the adding amount of the collecting agent sodium oleate accounts for 110mg/L of the phosphate ore pulp, continuously stirring for 3min, and finally carrying out flotation and foam scraping on the phosphate ore pulp, wherein the flotation time is 5 min.
And step 3: flotation product treatment
After the positive flotation magnesium removal process is finished, respectively drying, weighing and testing the grade of a flotation foam product, namely low-magnesium phosphate concentrate, and a product in a cell, namely tailings, and calculating the product index.
In the embodiment, the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate comprises the following main components in percentage by mass: p2O539.06 percent and 1.07 percent of MgO; p in low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5Accounts for P in the raw materials2O580.01% of the total mass, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 80.73% by mass.
Example 5
A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation through a chelating inhibitor PBTCA comprises the following steps of:
step 1: size mixing
Placing phosphate ore into a flotation tank of an XFGII hanging tank type flotation machine at the temperature of 20 ℃, and adding deionized water, wherein the phosphate ore and the deionized water are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, mixing, stirring and mixing the slurry for 2min under the condition that the rotating speed of an impeller is 2000 rpm; then adding a pH regulator NaOH aqueous solution with the mass percentage concentration of 2% into the obtained phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 10.5, and then stirring and mixing the slurry for 2 min;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2g/L into the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 10.5, stirring for 3min, then adding a collecting agent oleic acid solution with the mass concentration of 3g/L, wherein the adding amount of the collecting agent oleic acid accounts for 90mg/L of the phosphate ore pulp, continuously stirring for 3min, and finally carrying out flotation and foam scraping on the phosphate ore pulp, wherein the flotation time is 5 min.
And step 3: flotation product treatment
After the positive flotation magnesium removal process is finished, respectively drying, weighing and testing the grade of a flotation foam product, namely low-magnesium phosphate concentrate, and a product in a cell, namely tailings, and calculating the product index.
In this example, the main components of the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate were measured by mass percentageThe method comprises the following steps: p2O538.45 percent of MgO and 1.39 percent of MgO; p in low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5Accounts for P in the raw materials2O577.54% of the total mass, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 74.06% by mass.

Claims (3)

1. A method for removing magnesium from phosphate ore by flotation by using a chelating inhibitor PBTCA is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: size mixing
Mixing phosphate ore and deionized water, stirring and mixing to obtain phosphate ore pulp; wherein, according to the mass ratio, the phosphorus ore: deionized water = 1: (2-8);
the size mixing is carried out at room temperature, and the room temperature is 20-25 ℃; the stirring and size mixing time is 1-3 min, and the rotating speed of a stirring impeller for stirring and size mixing is 1800-2100 rpm;
detecting the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp, and performing the next step when the pH value is 8-11.5; when the pH value is less than 8, adding a pH regulator into the phosphate ore pulp to regulate the pH value of the phosphate ore pulp to 8-11.5, continuously stirring and mixing the slurry for 1-3 min to obtain the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5, and then carrying out the next step;
step 2: direct flotation demagging
Adding a chelating inhibitor PBTCA solution into the phosphate rock ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5, stirring and mixing for 2-4 min, adding a collecting agent sodium oleate solution or a collecting agent oleic acid solution, continuously stirring for 2-4 min, performing flotation and foam scraping for 4-6 min, and obtaining a flotation foam product and residual tailings in the tank; wherein, according to the solid-to-liquid ratio, the dosage of the chelating inhibitor PBTCA in the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5 is 40-80 mg/L; the collecting agent accounts for 80-120 mg/L of the phosphate ore pulp with the pH value of 8-11.5;
the preparation method of the chelate inhibitor PBTCA solution comprises the following steps: adding NaOH into deionized water, adjusting the pH value to be 8-11.5 to obtain a NaOH aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-11.5, adding PBTCA into the NaOH aqueous solution with the pH value of 8-11.5, fully stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a clear chelate inhibitor PBTCA solution with the mass concentration of 2-4 g/L;
and step 3: flotation product treatment
Drying the flotation foam product to obtain low-magnesium phosphate concentrate;
the main component of the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is P according to mass percentage2O5>38.0%，MgO≤1.39%；
P in low-magnesium phosphate concentrate2O5The recovery rate is 77.54-84.31% by mass percent, and the removal rate of MgO in the low-magnesium phosphate concentrate is 74.06-83.08% by mass percent.
2. The method for flotation and magnesium removal of phosphate ore by using the chelate inhibitor PBTCA as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the pH value regulator is NaOH aqueous solution with mass percentage concentration of 0.5-3%.
3. The method for flotation and demagging of phosphate ore by using chelating inhibitor PBTCA as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 2, the collecting agent sodium oleate solution is 3-5 g/L sodium oleate water solution, and the preparation method is as follows: adding collecting agent sodium oleate solid powder into deionized water, heating to 50-60 ℃, and stirring until the collecting agent sodium oleate solid powder is completely dissolved to obtain collecting agent sodium oleate aqueous solution;
in the step 2, the collector oleic acid solution is an oleic acid aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 3-5 g/L.
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