CN111030684A - Apparatus and method for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with digital phase locked loop and digital controlled oscillator - Google Patents
Apparatus and method for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with digital phase locked loop and digital controlled oscillator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a numerical control oscillator and an implementation method thereof. The device comprises a power dividing unit, two analog down-conversion and digital subsystems, two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems and a data processing unit. The signal to be measured is divided into two paths and respectively mixed with the analog local oscillation signal, and the digital intermediate frequency signal is sent to the digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem after filtering, amplifying and analog-to-digital conversion. The digital intermediate frequency signal is divided into two paths, one of the two paths is input to the digital phase-locked loop, so that the tracking digital controlled oscillator is in phase locking with the digital intermediate frequency signal, the frequency control unit tracks the frequency of the digital controlled oscillator, calculates the reference frequency and controls the digital controlled oscillator to output a digital sinusoidal signal with the frequency and the phase as the reference frequency and the phase; and the other path of signal is subjected to frequency mixing with the output signal of the numerical control oscillator after time delay, and then is sent to a digital processing unit after amplitude-phase demodulation and filtering to obtain a phase noise spectrum and an amplitude noise spectrum through cross-correlation calculation. The invention has small attenuation and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectron and microwave, and relates to a device and a method for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a numerical control oscillator.
Background
The low phase noise and amplitude noise signal source has important significance in radar and communication. Under the drive of a low noise source, the radar can obtain high signal-to-noise ratio, and further can obtain high sensitivity. In terms of communication, a low phase noise source can achieve a high signal-to-noise ratio, thereby increasing bandwidth capacity. But the lower the phase noise of the signal source, the more difficult the measurement. Therefore, it is important to improve the accuracy of measuring the phase noise.
The current phase noise measurement schemes are: the method comprises a direct spectrum measurement method, an analog delay line frequency discrimination method, a digital low-intermediate frequency quadrature demodulation phase difference method and an analog zero-intermediate frequency measurement method. Of these direct spectrometry is the simplest but is limited by the limited dynamic range of the spectrometer and does not measure low phase noise signals. The frequency discrimination structure of the analog delay line can adopt cable or optical fiber delay, but the measurement precision error of the near-carrier frequency phase noise is large. The error of the near carrier frequency phase noise of the analog zero intermediate frequency measurement structure is large, and the dynamic tracking signal capability is not strong. The digital delay line frequency discrimination method has good measurement accuracy, and simultaneously has good dynamic signal tracking capability, but the measured phase spectrum power is attenuated by 20dB when the offset frequency is reduced by 10 times, although the low-frequency offset measurement accuracy is improved compared with the analog delay line method through digital compensation, the signal-to-noise ratio of the low-frequency offset is still not high enough. The digital low-intermediate frequency differential demodulation also has higher measurement precision, but the differential structure can also generate low frequency offset attenuation, so that the signal-to-noise ratio is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a device with a digital phase-locked loop and a numerical control oscillator for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise and an implementation method thereof, which avoid the phenomenon of phase noise spectrum power attenuation and have higher low frequency offset measurement precision. The structure has faster dynamic signal tracking capability, does not influence an in-band measurement result due to the increase of the bandwidth of a phase-locked loop, and provides possibility for the rapid measurement of signals with lower phase noise.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the device for measuring the phase noise and the amplitude noise with the digital phase-locked loop and the numerical control oscillator comprises a power distribution unit, a first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem, a first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, a second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem and a data processing unit, wherein the first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem is respectively connected with the power distribution unit;
the first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem comprises a first frequency mixer, a first local oscillator signal source, a first intermediate frequency filter, a first intermediate frequency amplifier, a first analog-to-digital converter, a first clock source and a first digital connector, wherein the output of an A port of the power division unit is connected to the RF end of the first frequency mixer, and the output of the first local oscillator signal source is connected to the LO end of the first frequency mixer; the input end of the first intermediate frequency filter is connected with the output of the IF end of the first mixer, and the output end of the first intermediate frequency filter is connected to the first intermediate frequency amplifier; the CLK end of the first analog-to-digital converter is connected with a first clock source, the IN end is connected with the output end of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the OUT end is connected with the first digital connector; the first digital connector is connected to the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem;
the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem comprises a first digital mixer, a first phase-locked loop filter, a first digital tracking oscillator, a first frequency control unit, a first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, a first delay unit, a first amplitude-phase demodulation unit and a first output digital filter; one output of the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to an R end of a first digital mixer, an I output of the first digital mixer is connected to a first phase-locked loop filter, an output of the first phase-locked loop filter is connected to a T port of a first digital tracking oscillator, an S port of the first digital tracking oscillator is connected to an L port of the first digital mixer, an instantaneous frequency and a phase of a D port of the first digital tracking oscillator are output to a first frequency control unit, the first frequency control unit records the frequency and the phase of the first digital tracking oscillator, the input instantaneous frequency and the input phase are processed, reference frequency and phase data are output and transmitted to a first auxiliary numerical control oscillator, and the first auxiliary numerical control oscillator outputs a digital sinusoidal signal consistent with the reference frequency and phase data; the other path of output of the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to a first delay unit, the output of the first delay unit is connected to a DIF port of a first amplitude-phase demodulation unit, the output of a first auxiliary numerical control oscillator is connected to a DLO end of the first amplitude-phase demodulation unit, the first amplitude-phase demodulation unit is output to a first output digital filter through a P port, and the first output digital filter is connected to a data processing unit;
the second analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem comprises a second analog-to-digital converter, a second clock source, a second intermediate frequency amplifier, a second intermediate frequency filter, a second frequency mixer, a second local oscillation signal source and a second digital connector, the output of the B port of the power dividing unit is connected to an RF port of a second mixer, the output of a second local oscillation signal source is connected to an LO port of the second mixer, an IF port of the second mixer is connected to a second intermediate frequency filter, the output of the second intermediate frequency filter is connected to a second intermediate frequency amplifier, the output of the second intermediate frequency amplifier is connected to an IN port of a second analog-to-digital converter, the output of a second clock source is connected to the CLK input end of the second analog-to-digital converter, the OUT output of the second analog-to-digital converter outputs a digital intermediate frequency signal after passing through a second digital connector, and the second digital connector is connected to a second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem;
the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem comprises a second digital mixer, a second phase-locked loop filter, a second digital tracking oscillator, a second frequency control unit, a second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, a second delay unit, a second amplitude-phase demodulation unit and a second output digital filter; one output of the second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to an R end of a second digital mixer, an I end output of the second digital mixer is connected to a second phase-locked loop filter, an output of the second phase-locked loop filter is connected to a T port of a second digital tracking oscillator, an S port output of the second digital tracking oscillator is connected to an L port of the second digital mixer, an instantaneous frequency and a phase of a D port of the second digital tracking oscillator are output to a second frequency control unit, the second frequency control unit processes the input instantaneous frequency and phase and outputs reference frequency and phase data to be transmitted to a second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, and the second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator outputs a digital sinusoidal signal with the same reference frequency and phase; the other path of output of the second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to a second delay unit, the output of the second delay unit is connected to a DIF port of a second amplitude-phase demodulation unit, the output of a second auxiliary numerical control oscillator is connected to a DLO port of the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit, the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit obtains the phase of a digital intermediate-frequency signal and outputs the phase to a second output digital filter through a P port, and the second output digital filter is connected to a data processing unit;
the output of the first output digital filter is connected to the AI port of the data processing unit; the output of the second output digital filter is connected to a BI port of the data processing unit, and the data processing unit performs calculation of phase noise spectrum and amplitude noise spectrum and cross-correlation calculation to obtain final output.
Further, the power dividing unit comprises a first laser, a second laser, a multiplexer, a first optical modulator, a wave splitter, a first optical detector and a second optical detector; the first laser and the second laser generate laser with different wavelengths, and the laser respectively enters an L1 port and an L2 port of the combiner; an output signal of an S port of the wave combiner is connected with an I port of the first optical modulator; the RF port of the first optical modulator is used for accessing a signal to be detected and modulating the signal to be detected onto light; the output of the O port of the first optical modulator is connected with the S port of the wave splitter, the wave splitter separates two beams of light with different wavelengths, the optical signal of the L1 port is sent to the first optical detector, and the optical signal of the L2 port is sent to the second optical detector.
Further, the power dividing unit includes a third laser, a fourth laser, a second optical modulator, a third optical modulator, an electric power divider, a third optical detector, and a fourth optical detector; the third laser sends light to the I port of the second optical modulator, and the fourth laser sends light to the I port of the third optical modulator; the C port of the electric power divider is used for accessing a signal to be detected, dividing the signal into two paths, outputting the two paths of signals through the A port and the B port respectively, and connecting the two paths of signals to the RF port of the second optical modulator and the RF port of the third optical modulator respectively; the O port of the second optical modulator is output to a third optical detector; the O port of the third optical modulator outputs to a fourth optical detector.
Further, the amplitude-phase demodulation unit includes: the device comprises a signal phase shifting and distributing unit, a first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer, a first demodulation filter, an amplitude-phase calculating unit, a second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer and a second demodulation filter; sending the digital intermediate frequency signal to be detected into an R port of the first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer and an R port of the second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer; the reference signal is sent to an IN port of the signal phase shifting and distributing unit, the I port IN the signal phase shifting and distributing unit is shifted by 0 degree and sent to an L end of the first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer, and the Q end of the signal phase shifting and distributing unit is shifted by 90 degrees and sent to an L end of the second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer; the frequency mixing result of the I end of the first amplitude-phase demodulation frequency mixer passes through a first demodulation filter and is sent to the I end of an amplitude-phase calculation unit; the frequency mixing result of the I end of the second amplitude-phase demodulation frequency mixer passes through a second demodulation filter and is sent to the Q end of the amplitude-phase calculation unit; and after the amplitude and phase calculation unit calculates, outputting the result of amplitude and phase demodulation.
Further, the first local oscillator signal source and the second local oscillator signal source are different frequencies or the same frequency, and the same frequency is realized by a phase-locked loop.
The invention also provides a method for realizing the device for measuring the phase noise and the amplitude noise with the digital phase-locked loop and the numerical control oscillator, which comprises the following steps:
the signal to be detected is divided into two paths by a power dividing unit and then sent to two identical and independent analog down-conversion and digitization subsystems;
the two analog down-conversion and digital subsystems respectively process signals: mixing the signals with analog local oscillation signals in each analog down-conversion and digital subsystem, and down-converting the signals to be detected to intermediate frequency by a mixer; after the signals after frequency mixing and frequency conversion are filtered and amplified through an analog filter and an amplifier, the signals are sampled through an analog-to-digital converter to obtain digital intermediate frequency signals, and the digital intermediate frequency signals are sent to an independent digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem after passing through a digital connector;
the two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems respectively process the digital intermediate frequency signals: the digital intermediate frequency signal is divided into two paths, wherein one path is input to a digital phase-locked loop to enable a tracking digital controlled oscillator to be phase-locked with the digital intermediate frequency signal, a frequency control unit calculates reference frequency according to the frequency of the tracking digital controlled oscillator within a period of time, the calculated reference frequency is used for controlling an auxiliary digital controlled oscillator to enable the auxiliary digital controlled oscillator to output a digital sinusoidal signal with frequency and phase consistent with the reference frequency and phase, the other path of digital intermediate frequency signal is delayed by a delay unit and then mixed with the output signal of the auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, and the mixed signal is sent to a digital processing unit after passing through an amplitude-phase demodulation unit and an output filter;
and the digital processing unit obtains the final phase and amplitude noise spectrum output by performing cross-correlation operation on the phase and amplitude noise spectrums of the signals output by the two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems.
Further, the frequency range of the intermediate frequency signal after the frequency conversion of the frequency mixer falls within 0-1 GHz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a device and a method for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and an auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, which have higher signal tracking speed and can not influence the in-band measurement result due to the increase of the bandwidth of the phase-locked loop. Meanwhile, because the time domain phase difference structure is not contained, the phenomenon that the power of a phase noise spectrum is attenuated by 20dB when the offset frequency is reduced by 10 times is avoided on an error transfer function, the phase noise sensitivity of a near carrier frequency is not attenuated, the signal-to-noise ratio of low-frequency offset phase noise measurement is higher, the measurement precision is higher in a low-frequency offset part, and the method has a very strong application value.
2. The invention can measure the frequency characteristic of the signal in a period of time through the time delay structure. The tracking speed is improved by tracking the fast tracking of the numerical control oscillator. Meanwhile, the frequency control unit and the auxiliary numerically controlled oscillator are adopted to reduce the additional phase noise of the phase noise measurement system, and corresponding reference frequency signals can be set according to the change of the frequency and the phase of the measured signals along with the time, so that the phase noise of fixed frequency signals can be measured, and the phase noise of the signals with the time change can also be measured.
3. Aiming at the phase noise measurement of the chirp signal, the time delay can generate a zero point on an error transfer function, and the phase noise floor is lower than that of the existing scheme only aiming at a special frequency processing method when the chirp signal is tracked;
4. compared with the traditional microwave power divider, the optical isolation power divider can improve the isolation of two analog down-conversion subsystems and reduce the correlation of two phase noises, so that the noises can be suppressed to a greater extent through cross-correlation calculation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a digital controlled oscillator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows an optical isolation power dividing unit using a wavelength division multiplexing method.
FIG. 3 shows an optical isolation power dividing unit using an independent modulation method
Fig. 4 shows an implementation of an amplitude-phase demodulation unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a digital controlled oscillator according to the present invention includes a power dividing unit, a first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem, a first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, a second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem, a second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, and a data processing unit. The power dividing unit is respectively connected to the first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem and the second analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem, the first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem is connected to the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, the second analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem is connected to the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, and the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem and the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem are both connected to the data processing unit.
The input signal frequency of the phase noise measurement system is 1 MHz-10000 GHz, the signal 1 to be measured is connected to the C end of the power distribution unit 2, the power distribution unit 2 is used for dividing the signal to be measured into two paths, and the two paths of signals are respectively connected to the first analog down-conversion subsystem and the second analog down-conversion subsystem and the digital subsystem. The power dividing unit 2 may adopt an electric power divider, an electric coupler, an optical isolation power divider, or other structures capable of dividing the signal to be measured into multiple signals.
The first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem comprises a first mixer 3, a first local oscillator signal source 4, a first intermediate frequency filter 5, a first intermediate frequency amplifier 6, a first analog-to-digital converter 7, a first clock source 8 and a first digital connector 15. The output of the port a of the power dividing unit 2 is connected to the RF end of the first mixer 3, the output of the first local oscillation signal source 4 is connected to the LO end of the first mixer 3, and the first mixer 3 down-converts the signal to be measured to the intermediate frequency. The input end of the first intermediate frequency filter 5 is connected with the output of the IF end of the first mixer 3, and the output end is connected to the first intermediate frequency amplifier 6, and is used for amplifying the intermediate frequency signal to be measured. The clock CLK end of the first analog-to-digital converter 7 is connected to the first clock source 8, the IN end is connected to the output end of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the OUT end is connected to the first digital connector 15, so as to convert the analog intermediate frequency signal into a digital intermediate frequency signal, which is convenient for the digital processing unit to process. The first digital connector 15 is used for connecting analog signals and digital processing units. The use of a digital connector increases the isolation between the two analog down conversion and digitization subsystems, reducing crosstalk. The first digital connector 15 outputs two paths of signals, which are respectively connected with the first digital mixer 16 and the first amplitude-phase demodulation unit 22 in the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem.
The first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem comprises a first digital mixer 16, a first phase-locked loop filter 17, a first digital tracking oscillator 18, a first frequency control unit 19, a first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator 20, a first delay unit 21, a first amplitude-phase demodulation unit 22 and a first output digital filter 23. The first digital mixer 16, the first phase-locked loop filter 17, and the first digital tracking oscillator 18 form a first digital phase-locked loop. The locking bandwidth of the phase-locked loop is larger than 1kHz, and the phase-locked loop has the capability of quickly tracking signal changes. But phase noise within the 1kHz offset frequency is disturbed if the result of the phase locked loop is used directly to calculate the phase noise. In order to achieve the ability to track the signal quickly without affecting the signal to be measured within the locked bandwidth, a first frequency control unit 19 and a first auxiliary numerically controlled oscillator 20 are added. The output of the first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem is sent to the R terminal of the first digital mixer 16, the I output of the first digital mixer 16 is connected to the first phase-locked loop filter 17, the output of the first phase-locked loop filter 17 is connected to the T port of the first digital tracking oscillator 18, the output of the S port of the first digital tracking oscillator 18 is connected to the L port of the first digital mixer 16, and the instantaneous frequency and phase of the D port of the first digital tracking oscillator 18 are output to the first frequency control unit 19. The first frequency control unit 19 records the frequency and phase of the first digital tracking oscillator, processes the input instantaneous frequency and phase, outputs reference frequency and phase data, and transfers the processed data to the first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator 20, so that the first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator outputs a digital sinusoidal signal in accordance with the reference frequency and phase data, the reference frequency and phase transferred to the first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator 20 may vary very slowly, and the cut-off frequency of the reference frequency variation and the reference phase variation is lower than the loop bandwidth of the first digital phase locked loop. The digital intermediate frequency signal output by the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is also sent to the first delay unit 21, and the output of the first delay unit 21 is connected to the DIF port of the first amplitude-phase demodulation unit 22. The output of the first frequency control unit 19 controls the frequency and phase of the first auxiliary digitally controlled oscillator 20. The output of the first auxiliary digitally controlled oscillator 20 is connected to the DLO terminal of the first amplitude and phase demodulation unit 22. The first amplitude and phase demodulation unit 22 demodulates the phase of the signal output by the first delay unit 21, outputs the signal through the P port, and sends the demodulated phase and amplitude information to the data processing unit after passing through the first output digital filter 23.
The second analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem and the first analog down-conversion and digitization subsystem have the same and independent structures, and comprise a second analog-to-digital converter 9, a second clock source 10, a second intermediate frequency amplifier 11, a second intermediate frequency filter 12, a second mixer 13, a second local oscillation signal source 14 and a second digital connector 24. The output of the B port of the power dividing unit 2 is connected to the RF port of the second mixer 13, the output of the second local oscillation signal source 14 is connected to the LO port of the second mixer 13, the IF port of the second mixer 13 is connected to the second intermediate frequency filter 12, the output of the second intermediate frequency filter 12 is connected to the second intermediate frequency amplifier 11, and the output of the second intermediate frequency amplifier 11 is connected to the IN port of the second analog-to-digital converter 9. The output of the second clock source 10 is connected to the CLK input of the second analog-to-digital converter 9, and the OUT output of the second analog-to-digital converter 9 outputs a digital intermediate frequency signal after passing through the second digital connector 24. The second digital connector 24 outputs two paths of signals, which are respectively connected with the second digital mixer 25 and the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit 31 in the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem.
The second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem and the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem have the same structure and are independent. The second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem comprises a second digital mixer 25, a second phase-locked loop filter 26, a second digital tracking oscillator 27, a second frequency control unit 28, a second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator 29, a second delay unit 30, a second amplitude-phase demodulation unit 31 and a second output digital filter 32. The output of the second digital connector 24 is fed to the R terminal of the second digital mixer 25, the I terminal of the second digital mixer 25 is connected to the second phase-locked loop filter 26, the output of the second phase-locked loop filter 26 is connected to the T port of the second digital tracking oscillator 27, the S port of the second digital tracking oscillator 27 is connected to the L port of the second digital mixer 25, the instantaneous frequency and phase of the D port of the second digital tracking oscillator 27 are output to the second frequency control unit 28, the second frequency control unit 28 processes the input instantaneous frequency and phase and outputs the reference frequency and phase data to the second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator 29, and the second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator outputs a digital sinusoidal signal with the reference frequency and phase. The digital intermediate frequency signal output by the second digital connector 24 is also fed to a second delay unit 30, and the output of the second delay unit 30 is connected to the DIF port of the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit 31. The output of the second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator 29 is connected to the DLO port of the second amplitude and phase demodulation unit 31, and the second amplitude and phase demodulation unit 31 obtains the phase and amplitude of the digital intermediate frequency signal and outputs the phase and amplitude to the second output digital filter 32 through the P port.
The output of the first output digital filter 23 in the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem is connected to the AI port of the data processing unit 33; the output of the second output digital filter 32 of the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem is fed to the BI port of the data processing unit 33. The data processing unit 33 calculates power spectrums of output signals of the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem and the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, and obtains a final phase noise spectrum output CO through cross-correlation operation. The data processing unit 33 may implement operations including, but not limited to: interpolation, filtering, upsampling, downsampling, Fourier transform, and cross-correlation operation.
The connection mode of the two digital connectors (15, 24) in the invention includes but is not limited to direct wire connection, optical isolation connection and transformer isolation connection. The connection mentioned in the present invention includes physical wire connection and other non-physical connection means which can play a signal transmission role. The remaining two frequency control units (19, 28) process the input digital tracking oscillator (18, 28) as a function of frequency and phase over time and output a reference frequency and phase, including but not limited to filtering, differentiation and integration. The frequency and phase of the sine wave output by the auxiliary numerically controlled oscillator (20, 29) are controlled by a frequency control unit (19, 28). The auxiliary oscillator may generate a chirp signal that may be used to measure the phase noise of the chirp signal.
In the present invention, the first local oscillation signal source 4 and the second local oscillation signal source 14 may be the same frequency or different frequencies.
Based on the device for measuring the phase noise and the amplitude noise with the digital phase-locked loop and the numerical control oscillator, the invention also provides a corresponding method for measuring the phase noise, which comprises the following steps:
the signal to be detected is divided into two paths by a power dividing unit and then sent to two identical and independent analog down-conversion and digitization subsystems;
the two analog down-conversion and digital subsystems respectively process signals: mixing the signals with analog local oscillation signals in each analog down-conversion and digital subsystem, and down-converting the signals to be detected to intermediate frequency by a mixer, wherein the frequency range of the intermediate frequency falls within 0-1 GHz; after the signals after frequency mixing and frequency conversion are filtered and amplified through an analog filter and an amplifier, the signals are sampled through an analog-to-digital converter to obtain digital intermediate frequency signals, and the digital intermediate frequency signals are sent to an independent digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem after passing through a digital connector;
the two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems respectively process the digital intermediate frequency signals: the digital intermediate frequency signal is divided into two paths, wherein one path is input to a digital phase-locked loop to enable a tracking digital controlled oscillator to be phase-locked with the digital intermediate frequency signal, a frequency control unit calculates reference frequency according to the frequency of the tracking digital controlled oscillator within a period of time, the calculated reference frequency is used for controlling an auxiliary digital controlled oscillator to enable the auxiliary digital controlled oscillator to output a digital sinusoidal signal with frequency and phase consistent with the reference frequency and phase, the other path of digital intermediate frequency signal is delayed by a delay unit and then mixed with the output signal of the auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, and the mixed signal is sent to a digital processing unit after passing through an amplitude-phase demodulation unit and an output filter;
the digital processing unit obtains the final phase noise spectrum and amplitude noise spectrum output by cross-correlation operation on the cross-spectrum power of the signals output by the two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems, and the measurement precision can be improved by the cross-correlation operation.
Example two:
on the basis of the first embodiment, this example provides a feasible structure of a power division unit in a device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a numerically controlled oscillator, that is, an optical isolation structure adopting a wavelength division multiplexing modulation scheme. As shown in fig. 2, the power dividing unit includes a first laser 101, a second laser 102, a multiplexer 103, a first optical modulator 104, a demultiplexer 105, a first optical detector 106, and a second optical detector 107. The first laser 101 and the second laser 102 generate laser beams with different wavelengths, and the laser beams enter the L1 port and the L2 port of the combiner 103, respectively. The S-port output signal of the combiner 103 is connected to the I-port of the first optical modulator 104. Signal 1 under test is connected to the RF port of the first optical modulator 104, modulating the signal under test onto light. The output of the O port of the first optical modulator 104 is connected to the S port of the splitter 105, the splitter 105 splits two lights with different wavelengths, the optical signal at the L1 port is sent to the first optical detector 106, and the optical signal at the L2 port is sent to the second optical detector 107. The outputs of the first photo-detector 106 and the second photo-detector 107 are the outputs of the power dividing unit 2. The other technical features in this example are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Example three:
on the basis of the first embodiment, this example provides another possible structure of the power splitting unit in the device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a digital controlled oscillator, that is, an optical isolation structure using a light wave separate modulation method. As shown in fig. 3, the power dividing unit includes a third laser 201, a fourth laser 202, a second optical modulator 203, a third optical modulator 204, an electrical power divider 205, a third optical detector 206, and a fourth optical detector 207. The third laser 201 feeds light into the I port of the second optical modulator 203 and the fourth laser 202 feeds light into the I port of the third optical modulator 204. The signal 1 to be measured is connected to the port C of the power divider 205, divides the signal into two paths, outputs the two paths through the port a and the port B, and is connected to the RF port of the second optical modulator 203 and the RF port of the third optical modulator 204. The output of the O port of the second optical modulator 203 is detected by the third optical detector 206 to obtain the output signal 1 of the power division unit 2; the output of the O port of the third optical modulator 204 is detected by the fourth optical detector 207 to obtain the output signal 2 of the power dividing unit 2. The other technical features in this example are the same as those in the first embodiment.
Example four:
on the basis of the first to third embodiments, this example provides a possible way of measuring the amplitude-phase demodulation unit in a phase-noise and amplitude-noise measuring device with a digital phase-locked loop and a numerically controlled oscillator. The first amplitude-phase demodulation unit 22 and the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit 31 may both adopt this structure, as shown in fig. 4, and specifically include: signal phase shift and assignment section 401, first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 402, first demodulation filter 403, amplitude-phase calculation section 404, second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 405, and second demodulation filter 406.
The digital intermediate frequency signal to be measured is fed to the R port of the first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 402 and the R port of the second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 405. The reference signal is sent to the IN port of the signal phase shift and distribution unit 401, the I port of the signal phase shift and distribution unit 401 is shifted by 0 °, and sent to the L terminal of the first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 402, and the Q terminal of the signal phase shift and distribution unit 401 is shifted by 90 ° and sent to the L terminal of the second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 405. The mixing result at the I terminal of the first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 402 is sent to the I terminal of the amplitude-phase calculation unit 404 through the first amplitude-phase demodulation filter 403. The result of the I-side mixing by the second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer 405 is sent to the Q-side of the amplitude-phase calculation unit 404 through the second amplitude-phase demodulation filter 406. The amplitude-phase calculation unit 404 outputs the result of amplitude-phase demodulation after calculation. The other technical features in this example are the same as those in the first to third embodiments.
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase-locked loop and a numerical control oscillator is characterized in that: the power distribution unit comprises a power distribution unit (2), a first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem, a first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem, a second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem and a data processing unit, wherein the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem and the second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem are respectively connected with the power distribution unit;
the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem comprises a first frequency mixer (3), a first local oscillator signal source (4), a first intermediate frequency filter (5), a first intermediate frequency amplifier (6), a first analog-to-digital converter (7), a first clock source (8) and a first digital connector (15), wherein the output of an A port of the power dividing unit (2) is connected to the RF end of the first frequency mixer (3), and the output of the first local oscillator signal source (4) is connected to the LO end of the first frequency mixer (3); the input end of the first intermediate frequency filter (5) is connected with the output of the IF end of the first mixer (3), and the output end of the first intermediate frequency filter is connected to the first intermediate frequency amplifier (6); the clock CLK end of the first analog-to-digital converter (7) is connected with a first clock source (8), the IN end is connected with the output end of the first intermediate frequency amplifier, and the OUT end is connected with a first digital connector (15); a first digital connector (15) is connected to the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem;
the first digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem comprises a first digital mixer (16), a first phase-locked loop filter (17), a first digital tracking oscillator (18), a first frequency control unit (19), a first auxiliary numerical control oscillator (20), a first delay unit (21), a first amplitude-phase demodulation unit (22) and a first output digital filter (23); one output of the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to an R end of a first digital mixer (16), an I output of the first digital mixer (16) is connected to a first phase-locked loop filter (17), an output of the first phase-locked loop filter (17) is connected to a T port of a first digital tracking oscillator (18), an S port of the first digital tracking oscillator (18) is connected to an L port of the first digital mixer (16), an instantaneous frequency and a phase of a D port of the first digital tracking oscillator (18) are output to a first frequency control unit (19), the first frequency control unit (19) records the frequency and the phase of the first digital tracking oscillator (18), and outputs reference frequency and phase data after processing the input instantaneous frequency and phase, and transmits the reference frequency and phase data to a first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator (20), so that the first auxiliary digital controlled oscillator (20) outputs a digital sinusoidal signal consistent with the reference frequency and phase data; the other path of output of the first analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to a first delay unit (21), the output of the first delay unit (21) is connected to a DIF port of a first amplitude-phase demodulation unit (22), the output of a first auxiliary numerical control oscillator (20) is connected to a DLO port of the first amplitude-phase demodulation unit (22), the first amplitude-phase demodulation unit (22) is output to a first output digital filter (23) through a P port, and the first output digital filter (23) is connected to a data processing unit;
the second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem comprises a second analog-to-digital converter (9), a second clock source (10), a second intermediate frequency amplifier (11), a second intermediate frequency filter (12), a second mixer (13), a second local oscillator signal source (14) and a second digital connector (24), wherein the output of the port B of the power dividing unit (2) is connected to the RF port of the second mixer (13), the output of the second local oscillator signal source (14) is connected to the LO port of the second mixer (13), the IF port of the second mixer (13) is connected to the second intermediate frequency filter (12), the output of the second intermediate frequency filter (12) is connected to the second intermediate frequency amplifier (11), the output of the second intermediate frequency amplifier (11) is connected to the IN port of the second analog-to-digital converter (9), the output of the second clock source (10) is connected to the CLK input end of the second analog-to-digital converter (9), the OUT output of the second analog-to-digital converter (9) outputs a digital intermediate frequency signal after passing through a second digital connector (24), and the second digital connector (24) is connected to a second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem;
the second digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem comprises a second digital mixer (25), a second phase-locked loop filter (26), a second digital tracking oscillator (27), a second frequency control unit (28), a second auxiliary digital controlled oscillator (29), a second delay unit (30), a second amplitude-phase demodulation unit (31) and a second output digital filter (32); one output of the second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to an R end of a second digital mixer (25), an I end output of the second digital mixer (25) is connected to a second phase-locked loop filter (26), an output of the second phase-locked loop filter (26) is connected to a T port of a second digital tracking oscillator (27), an S port output of the second digital tracking oscillator (27) is connected to an L port of the second digital mixer (25), an instantaneous frequency and a phase of a D port of the second digital tracking oscillator (27) are output to a second frequency control unit (28), and the second frequency control unit (28) processes an input instantaneous frequency and phase and outputs reference frequency and phase data, and is transferred to a second auxiliary numerically controlled oscillator (29) which outputs a digital sinusoidal signal in accordance with the reference frequency and phase; the other path of output of the second analog down-conversion and digital subsystem is sent to a second delay unit (30), the output of the second delay unit (30) is connected to a DIF port of a second amplitude-phase demodulation unit (31), the output of a second auxiliary numerical control oscillator (29) is connected to a DLO port of the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit (31), the second amplitude-phase demodulation unit (31) obtains the phase of a digital intermediate frequency signal and outputs the phase to a second output digital filter (32) through a P port, and the second output digital filter (32) is connected to a data processing unit;
the output of the first output digital filter (23) is connected to the AI port of the data processing unit (33); the output of the second output digital filter (32) is connected to a BI port of the data processing unit (33), and the data processing unit (33) performs calculation of phase noise spectrum and amplitude noise spectrum and cross-correlation calculation to obtain final output.
2. The apparatus for measuring phase and amplitude noise with a digital phase locked loop and a digitally controlled oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the power division unit comprises a first laser (101), a second laser (102), a combiner (103), a first optical modulator (104), a wave splitter (105), a first optical detector (106) and a second optical detector (107); the first laser (101) and the second laser (102) generate laser with different wavelengths, and the laser respectively enters an L1 port and an L2 port of the combiner (103); an S port output signal of the combiner (103) is connected with an I port of the first optical modulator (104); the RF port of the first optical modulator (104) is used for accessing a signal to be measured and modulating the signal to be measured onto light; the output of the O port of the first optical modulator (104) is connected with the S port of the wave splitter (105), the wave splitter (105) separates two beams of light with different wavelengths, the optical signal of the L1 port is sent to the first optical detector (106), and the optical signal of the L2 port is sent to the second optical detector (107).
3. The apparatus for measuring phase and amplitude noise with a digital phase locked loop and a digitally controlled oscillator according to claim 1, wherein: the power division unit comprises a third laser (201), a fourth laser (202), a second optical modulator (203), a third optical modulator (204), an electric power divider (205), a third optical detector (206) and a fourth optical detector (207); the third laser (201) feeds light into the I port of the second optical modulator (203), and the fourth laser (202) feeds light into the I port of the third optical modulator (204); the port C of the electric power divider (205) is used for accessing a signal to be measured, dividing the signal into two paths, outputting the two paths of signals through the port A and the port B respectively, and connecting the two paths of signals to the RF port of the second optical modulator (203) and the RF port of the third optical modulator (204) respectively; the O port of the second optical modulator (203) outputs to a third optical detector (206); the O port of the third optical modulator (204) outputs to a fourth optical detector (207).
4. An apparatus for measuring phase and amplitude noise with a digital phase locked loop and a digitally controlled oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the amplitude-phase demodulation unit includes: a signal phase shift and distribution unit (401), a first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (402), a first demodulation filter (403), an amplitude-phase calculation unit (404), a second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (405), and a second demodulation filter (406); sending the digital intermediate frequency signal to be detected into an R port of a first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (402) and an R port of a second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (405); the reference signal is sent to an IN port of a signal phase shift and distribution unit (401), the signal phase shift and I port IN the distribution unit (401) is shifted by 0 degrees and sent to an L end of a first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (402), and the signal phase shift and Q end of the distribution unit (401) is shifted by 90 degrees and sent to an L end of a second amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (405); the result of the I-end mixing of the first amplitude-phase demodulation mixer (402) passes through a first amplitude-phase demodulation filter (403) and is sent to the I end of an amplitude-phase calculation unit (404); the frequency mixing result of the I end of the second amplitude-phase demodulation frequency mixer (405) passes through a second demodulation filter (406) and is sent to the Q end of the amplitude-phase calculation unit (404); after the amplitude and phase calculation unit (404) calculates, the result of phase and amplitude demodulation is output.
5. An apparatus for measuring phase and amplitude noise with a digital phase locked loop and a digitally controlled oscillator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first local oscillation signal source (4) and the second local oscillation signal source (14) are different in frequency or the same in frequency, and the same in frequency is achieved through a phase-locked loop.
6. Method for implementing a device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase locked loop and a numerically controlled oscillator, characterized in that it is implemented on the basis of the device for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise with a digital phase locked loop and a numerically controlled oscillator according to any of claims 1 to 5, comprising the following steps:
the signal to be detected is divided into two paths by a power dividing unit and then sent to two identical and independent analog down-conversion and digitization subsystems;
the two analog down-conversion and digital subsystems respectively process signals: mixing the signals with analog local oscillation signals in each analog down-conversion and digital subsystem, and down-converting the signals to be detected to intermediate frequency by a mixer; after the signals after frequency mixing and frequency conversion are filtered and amplified through an analog filter and an amplifier, the signals are sampled through an analog-to-digital converter to obtain digital intermediate frequency signals, and the digital intermediate frequency signals are sent to an independent digital phase-locked demodulation subsystem after passing through a digital connector;
the two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems respectively process the digital intermediate frequency signals: the digital intermediate frequency signal is divided into two paths, wherein one path is input to a digital phase-locked loop to enable a tracking digital controlled oscillator to be phase-locked with the digital intermediate frequency signal, a frequency control unit calculates reference frequency according to the frequency of the tracking digital controlled oscillator within a period of time, the calculated reference frequency is used for controlling an auxiliary digital controlled oscillator to enable the auxiliary digital controlled oscillator to output a digital sinusoidal signal with frequency and phase consistent with the reference frequency and phase, the other path of digital intermediate frequency signal is delayed by a delay unit and then mixed with the output signal of the auxiliary digital controlled oscillator, and the mixed signal is sent to a digital processing unit after passing through an amplitude-phase demodulation unit and an output filter;
and the digital processing unit obtains the final phase and amplitude noise spectrum output by performing cross-correlation operation on the phase and amplitude power spectrums of the signals output by the two digital phase-locked demodulation subsystems.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the apparatus for measuring phase noise and amplitude noise comprises: the frequency range of the intermediate frequency signal after the frequency conversion of the frequency mixer falls within 0-1 GHz.
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