CN111025202A - Scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection method and device - Google Patents
Scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111025202A CN111025202A CN201911336382.4A CN201911336382A CN111025202A CN 111025202 A CN111025202 A CN 111025202A CN 201911336382 A CN201911336382 A CN 201911336382A CN 111025202 A CN111025202 A CN 111025202A
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/032—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using magneto-optic devices, e.g. Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
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Abstract
The invention discloses a scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection method and a device thereof.A circular polarized light emitted by a light source is collimated by a lens and then enters an atomic gas chamber, the light penetrating through the gas chamber is absorbed by an area array photoelectric detector, and the light intensity change of the transmitted light is related to the magnetic field intensity at the position of the gas chamber. The two-dimensional area array magnetic field intensity is obtained by monitoring the light intensity of the area array photoelectric detector; and horizontally moving the relative position of the magnetic field area to be detected and the air chamber to perform scanning type magnetic field detection to obtain three-dimensional magnetic field information. The invention adopts the all-optical single-beam magnetic field sensing technology, has simple structure and is easy to operate; the method can be used for detecting the surface three-dimensional radiation magnetic field of the paleogeomagnetism material, the biophysical material, the metal component material and the like, and the internal information of the material can be obtained by inverting the radiation magnetic field signal.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetic field detection, in particular to a scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection method and a scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection device.
Background
The atomic magnetometer based on the atomic spin Zeeman effect has ultrahigh detection sensitivity limit, and is widely applied to the fields of space magnetic detection, military exploration and the like. The magnetometer based on single beam detection has the advantages of simple structure, easy integration and miniaturization. In the field of weak magnetic radiation signal detection of biological, physical and chemical materials, the internal structure of the material can be analyzed through three-dimensional detection of a material radiation field, and research and development in the fields of ancient geomagnetism, mineral exploration, physical material characterization and biological detection can be further promoted.
At present, multi-dimensional detection of the atomic magnetometer is mostly realized by arranging the magnetic sensors in an array mode, the mode needs a large number of probes, a large number of signal sources and detection equipment, and complicated physical connection, and the spatial resolution of detection is poor due to the volume limitation of a single probe.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scanning type magnetic field three-dimensional magnetic field detection device aiming at the problems of high system complexity and low resolution ratio existing in the existing three-dimensional magnetic field precise detection, the device has simple structure and easy operation, and the specific technical scheme is as follows:
a scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection method comprises the steps that light emitted by a light source is shaped and then uniformly irradiates an alkali metal atom gas chamber, the light emitted through the alkali metal atom gas chamber is received and detected by an area array photoelectric detector, and the alkali metal atom gas chamber can move in a target area in a three-dimensional mode; because the light intensity value of each pixel detected by the area array photoelectric detector corresponds to the magnetic field intensity of the corresponding position in the alkali metal atom air chamber, two-dimensional magnetic field information of the current position can be obtained; and repeating the measuring steps by continuously changing the relative positions of the target area and the alkali metal atom gas chamber to obtain the three-dimensional magnetic field information in the target area.
Further, the thickness of the alkali metal atom air chamber along the light transmission direction is smaller than 1/10 of other two side lengths.
A detection device for realizing the detection method comprises a light source, a lens group, an alkali metal atom air chamber, an area array photoelectric detector, a translation table, an air chamber clamping arm and a fixed support table;
the alkali metal atom air chamber is fixed on the fixed bracket platform through the air chamber clamping arm, and the translation platform is arranged on the fixed bracket platform and is positioned below the alkali metal atom air chamber.
Furthermore, the relative movement between the translation stage and the alkali metal atom air chamber is uniformly regulated and controlled by an upper computer.
Further, the lens group specifically comprises a convex lens and a concave lens for shaping the light beam.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the detection method of the invention adopts optical regulation and atomic spin detection to obtain the magnetic field, the spatial resolution is high, and the resolution is only limited by the optical imaging resolution; the invention adopts the all-optical single-beam magnetic field sensing technology, and the detection method has the advantages of fewer light sources and detectors, simple structure and easy operation; the device can be used for detecting the surface three-dimensional stereo radiation magnetic field of the paleogeomagnetism material, the biophysical material, the metal component material and the like, and the electromagnetic information on the surface and the inside of the material can be obtained by inverting the radiation magnetic field signal.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of spin orientation of atoms precessing in a magnetic field;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the time-dependent variation of the intensity of the projected light under the influence of an external field on the spin polarization and precession of atoms;
in the figure, a light source 1, a lens group 2, an alkali metal atom air chamber 3, an area array photoelectric detector 4, a sample to be detected 5, a translation table 6, an air chamber clamping arm 7 and a fixed support table 8.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, and the objects and effects of the present invention will become more apparent, it being understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
The invention relates to a magnetic field sensing technology based on atomic spin, which is an in-situ detection technology and is characterized in that a sheet rectangular alkali metal gas chamber atomic ensemble is utilized to detect the magnetic field intensity of a space where a gas chamber is located, a detected magnetic field signal can be regarded as quasi-two-dimensional, and three-dimensional space scanning is carried out by continuously and horizontally moving the relative position of the gas chamber and a sample to further obtain three-dimensional magnetic field information of a target area. Specifically, circularly polarized light emitted by the light source is collimated by the lens and enters the atomic gas chamber, the light transmitted through the gas chamber is absorbed by the area array photoelectric detector, and the light intensity change of the transmitted light is related to the magnetic field intensity at the position of the gas chamber. The two-dimensional area array magnetic field intensity is obtained by monitoring the light intensity of the area array photoelectric detector; and horizontally moving the relative position of the field to be detected and the air chamber to perform scanning type magnetic field detection to obtain three-dimensional magnetic field information.
As shown in fig. 1, the three-dimensional magnetic field detection device of the present invention is described by taking the example of detecting a three-dimensional magnetic field around a sample to be detected.
The scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection device comprises a light source 1, a lens group 2, an alkali metal atom air chamber 3, an area array photoelectric detector 4, a translation table 6, an air chamber clamping arm 7 and a fixed support table 8;
the alkali metal atom gas chamber 3 is fixed on a fixed support platform 8 through a gas chamber clamping arm 7, the translation platform 6 is arranged on the fixed support platform 8 and is positioned below the alkali metal atom gas chamber 3, and the sample 5 to be measured is placed on the translation platform 6;
the circularly polarized light emitted from the light source 1 is shaped by the lens group 2 and then uniformly irradiates the alkali metal atom air chamber 3, and the light penetrating through the alkali metal atom air chamber 3 is received and detected by the area array photoelectric detector 4. The relative position of the sample and the air chamber can be realized by moving the translation stage 6, and scanning detection is realized; the relative positional movement may also be achieved by adjusting the position of the air chamber.
The invention discloses a magnetic field measurement method based on an atomic gas chamber, which is an in-situ magnetic detection method. The size of the magnetic field of each pixel point of the two-dimensional area array signal obtained by single measurement corresponds to the mean value of the magnetic field in the three-dimensional area corresponding to the pixel area in the transmission direction of the atomic gas chamber, and in order to obtain higher resolution in the optical transmission direction, the thickness of the alkali metal atomic gas chamber along the optical transmission direction is smaller than 1/10 of the other two side lengths.
In order to realize the automatic scanning control of colleges and universities, the relative movement between the translation table and the alkali metal atom gas chamber is uniformly regulated and controlled by an upper computer.
The lens group particularly comprises a convex lens and a concave lens and is used for shaping light beams.
The following principle is described by way of example in the case where the relative position of the sample and the gas cell is achieved by moving the translation stage 6.
The metal atoms absorb circularly polarized light to be polarized, and the alkali metal atoms show macroscopically uniform spin orientation in the light transmission direction, as shown in the initial state spin orientation in fig. 2; when the atoms are completely polarized, the alkali metal atoms do not absorb circularly polarized light any more, and the light intensity detected by the area array photoelectric detector is strongest, the laser transmittance is highest, as shown in the spin direction after the optical pumping polarization of fig. 2; if an external magnetic field perpendicular to the light transmission direction exists, the spin of the alkali metal atoms precesses to generate a spin projection component perpendicular to the light transmission direction, as shown by the precessional spin direction in the magnetic field in fig. 2, and the atoms can continuously absorb the circularly polarized excitation light; the absorption of circularly polarized light is linearly related to the projection value of spin in the direction of the light transmission vector, so that the magnetic field value of the corresponding area is obtained through the atomic absorption characteristic, the light intensity detection result on the area array detector, and the light intensity value of each pixel corresponds to the position in the atomic gas chamber, so that two-dimensional magnetic field information can be obtained through one detection. By continuously changing the relative position of the sample 5 and the alkali metal gas chamber 3, for example, by moving the relative position through the displacement platform 6, the three-dimensional magnetic field information in the range to be measured can be obtained by repeating the above measurement steps.
FIG. 3 shows the change of the light intensity of the projection light caused by the polarization and precession of the atom spin by the external field, the initial atom spin direction is disorderly, when the resonance circular polarized light excites the pump, the atom absorbs light, the projection rate is small, the atom direction continuously tends to be consistent with the increase of the polarization time, the absorption is reduced, the transmission light continuously increases until T1Complete polarization at all times; when an external magnetic field perpendicular to the light transmission direction acts, the spin precession changes, the projection value of the atom spin in the light transmission direction changes, the light absorption effect changes, and the rootThe size of the magnetic field perpendicular to the light transmission direction can be obtained according to the change characteristic of the light intensity.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the form and details of the embodiments may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. All modifications, equivalents and the like which come within the spirit and principle of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A scanning type three-dimensional magnetic field detection method is characterized in that light emitted by a light source (1) is shaped and then uniformly irradiated to an alkali metal atom gas chamber (3), the light penetrating through the alkali metal atom gas chamber (3) is received and detected by an area array photoelectric detector (4), and the alkali metal atom gas chamber (3) can move in a target area in a three-dimensional mode; because the light intensity value of each pixel detected by the area array photoelectric detector (4) corresponds to the magnetic field intensity of the corresponding position in the alkali metal atom gas chamber (3), two-dimensional magnetic field information of the current position can be obtained; and repeating the measuring steps by continuously changing the relative positions of the target area and the alkali metal atom gas chamber (3) to obtain the three-dimensional magnetic field information in the target area.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the alkali metal atom gas cell (3) along the light transmission direction is less than 1/10 of the other two side lengths.
3. A detection device for realizing the detection method of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising a light source (1), a lens group (2), an alkali metal atom gas chamber (3), an area array photoelectric detector (4), a translation stage (6), a gas chamber clamping arm (7) and a fixed support stage (8).
The alkali metal atom air chamber (3) is fixed on the fixed bracket platform (8) through the air chamber clamping arm (7), and the translation platform (6) is arranged on the fixed bracket platform (8) and is positioned below the alkali metal atom air chamber (3).
4. The detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the relative movement between the translation stage (6) and the alkali metal atom gas chamber (3) is uniformly controlled by an upper computer.
5. The detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the lens group (2) comprises in particular a convex lens and a concave lens for shaping the light beam.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114034932A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-11 | 之江实验室 | Method for measuring planar Hall resistance of ferrimagnetic perpendicular anisotropic film |
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