CN111021562B - Heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate, and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate, and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111021562B CN111021562B CN201911088844.5A CN201911088844A CN111021562B CN 111021562 B CN111021562 B CN 111021562B CN 201911088844 A CN201911088844 A CN 201911088844A CN 111021562 B CN111021562 B CN 111021562B
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- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a heat insulation and preservation light-transmitting plate, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the two substrates are oppositely arranged at intervals, and a plurality of through holes are oppositely arranged on the two substrates; the isolating rings are positioned between the two substrates and respectively surround the periphery of each group of the opposite through holes to separate each group of the through holes from the interval area of the two substrates, and the inner cavity of at least one group of the through holes is filled with a light-transmitting body; and the heat insulation layer is positioned between the two substrates except for the through hole and the isolating ring. The heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-passing board has the advantages of good heat-insulation and heat-preservation performance, light transmittance and structural strength, safety and portability in use, long service life, easiness in processing and manufacturing of products, high application value and particular suitability for the field of building materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a plate, in particular to a heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the implementation of energy-saving and emission-reducing policies, building energy conservation has become a mandatory requirement. The existing widely used insulation boards comprise foamed polyurethane, foamed polystyrene and inorganic insulation boards, and the requirements of light weight, high strength and light transmittance are difficult to meet.
In the aspect of light transmission, the light transmission plates widely used at present mainly comprise glass and polymer light transmission plates; glass has the following problems, one: the cable is fragile and unsafe, so that the service life of the cable is not long, and the public safety problem is easily caused; II, secondly: light pollution, noise light generated by glass reflection can cause people to generate dizziness and temporary blindness, and accidents often occur; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: glass itself does not possess better structural strength, needs the stronger bearing structure of project organization, has increased its installation manufacturing cost, and current glass generally compensates these defects through tempering, doubling, thickening, has both increased self weight and has improved the cost, but still can't better solve above-mentioned problem. The polymer light-transmitting plate, including acrylic plate, PC plate and ABS plate, is light in weight, but has low structural strength and is easy to bend and deform, and some polymer materials have large thermal expansion coefficients, and the plate with large area is easy to deform or even break when the temperature changes violently, and the application range is obviously limited. Besides the defects, the existing light-transmitting plates are difficult to realize heat insulation and preservation, and cannot meet the energy-saving requirement of buildings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate which has good heat-insulation and heat-preservation performance, light-transmission performance, structural strength and long service life.
According to the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate comprises:
the two substrates are oppositely arranged at intervals, and a plurality of through holes are oppositely arranged on the two substrates;
the isolating rings are positioned between the two substrates and respectively surround the periphery of each group of the opposite through holes to separate each group of the through holes from the interval area of the two substrates, and the inner cavity of at least one group of the through holes is filled with a light-transmitting body;
and the heat insulation layer is positioned between the two substrates except for the through hole and the isolating ring.
According to the heat insulation and preservation light-transmitting plate disclosed by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, at least the following beneficial effects are achieved:
the base plate can give certain intensity to panel, and the isolating ring is located between two base plates, has the effect of supporting, fixed base plate position and isolated thermal-insulated heat preservation, forms the basic skeleton of panel through base plate and isolating ring combination, guarantees the basic intensity of panel, and on this basis, thermal-insulated heat preservation can use the material preparation that coefficient of heat conductivity is low and light, realizes light, excels in, thermal-insulated heat retaining effect.
The light transmission body is distributed in the inner cavity of at least one group of through holes between the two substrates, the light transmission body can be made of high polymer materials or glass, the phenomenon of large-area yellowing and atomization cannot occur due to the fact that the light transmission body is dispersed in the plates, the plates are not prone to being damaged due to the action of external force, and light transmission, service life and use safety of the plates are guaranteed. Due to the excellent characteristics, the heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate is particularly suitable for the field of building materials and has obvious application value.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the through holes are concave holes, and the hole wall ends of each group of the through holes are oppositely arranged at intervals.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the hole wall end of the through hole extends towards the inner cavity of the through hole to form a heat insulation fixing part.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the thermally insulated fastening portion has a linear, hook-like or S-shaped configuration.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optically transparent body is a biconcave lens or a negative meniscus lens.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the substrate surface is provided with a plurality of ribs in regions other than the through holes.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the panel further comprises a plurality of connecting members arranged on at least one side edge of the heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the substrate is an aluminum plate, a copper plate, a steel plate, an alloy plate, or a metal composite plate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optically transparent body is made of glass, PMMA, PC, ABS or optically transparent encapsulant.
In a second aspect, a method for preparing a heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate is provided, which comprises the following steps:
a plurality of through holes are formed in the same area of the two substrates;
the through holes of the two substrates are opposite one by one, a plurality of isolating rings are arranged between the two substrates, the isolating rings are respectively arranged around the periphery of each group of the opposite through holes, so that intervals are formed between the substrates, and each group of the through holes is isolated from the interval area of the two substrates by the isolating rings;
filling a light-transmitting body in the inner cavity of at least one group of through holes;
and arranging a heat insulation layer between the two substrates except for the through hole and the isolating ring.
The method has simple process, is convenient for large-scale production, and has high industrialization value. The prepared heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate has better heat-insulation and heat-preservation performance, light transmittance and structural strength, and the specific performance can refer to the embodiment of the heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate provided by the first aspect of the invention.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the step of providing a plurality of connectors on at least one side edge of the heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the thermal insulation layer is made of a foamed material by injection molding.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the optically transparent body is injection molded from an optically transparent material.
In a third aspect, a building material using the heat insulation and heat preservation light-transmitting plate is provided.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a top view of a thermally insulated light-transmitting panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an example of a cross-sectional view A-A of area I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is another example of a cross-sectional view A-A of area I of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is an assembly schematic view of a heat insulation and preservation light-transmitting plate according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
the light-transmitting body comprises a substrate 100, a through hole 110, a heat insulation fixing part 120, an isolating ring 200, a light-transmitting body 300, a heat insulation layer 400 and a connecting piece 500.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means one or more, and unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "connected", "provided", and "disposed" are to be construed broadly, for example, as being integrally connected or fixedly connected, and the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art in conjunction with the specific situation.
An insulated light-transmitting panel according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the heat insulation light-transmitting plate according to the embodiment of the invention includes two substrates 100 disposed at an interval, a plurality of through holes 110 are disposed on the two substrates 100, a spacer ring 200 is disposed around the periphery of each group of the through holes 110, and the interval between the substrates 100 is determined by the height of the spacer ring 200. The isolating ring 200 separates each set of through holes 110 from the spacing region of the two substrates 100, and the inner cavity of the isolating ring 200 corresponds to each set of through holes 110 region for selectively filling the light-transmitting body 300; the outside of the isolating ring 200 is the spacing area between the two substrates 100, and is used for arranging the heat insulating layer 400. The base plate 100 can endow the board with certain strength, the isolating ring 200 is positioned between the two base plates 100, the isolating ring can be made of materials with certain strength such as engineering plastics and the like, the isolating ring has the functions of supporting and fixing the position of the base plate 100 and isolating the heat-insulating layer 400, the base framework of the board is formed by combining the base plate 100 and the isolating ring 200, the base strength of the board is ensured, on the basis, the heat-insulating layer 400 can be made of materials with low heat conductivity coefficient and light weight, for example, high-foaming materials and the like, and the effects of light weight, high strength, high heat insulation and high heat preservation are achieved.
The light-transmitting body 300 can be made of high polymer materials such as PMMA, PC, ABS, light-transmitting packaging glue and the like or made of glass, and the light-transmitting body 300 is dispersed in the plate, so that the phenomenon of large-area yellowing and atomization cannot occur, the plate is not easy to damage under the action of external force, and the light transmission, the service life and the use safety of the plate are ensured. To achieve the effect of transmitting light without projection, the light-transmitting body 300 may be a biconcave lens as shown in fig. 2 or a negative meniscus lens as shown in fig. 3.
One embodiment of the through holes 110, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, is recessed holes, and the hole wall ends of each set of recessed holes are spaced apart from each other, so that the two substrates 100 are not in contact with each other, and heat is prevented from being directly transferred between the substrates 100. The inner cavity of each group of concave holes is filled with the light-transmitting body 300, the outer sides of the concave holes are connected with the isolating ring 200, and the light-transmitting body 300 and the isolating ring 200 are connected through the interval between the concave holes. The recess hole can improve the combining stability of the light-transmitting body 300 and the substrate 100, and facilitate fixing the isolation ring 200. More preferably, the end of the hole wall of the concave hole extends towards the inner cavity thereof to form the thermal insulation fixing portion 120, the thermal insulation fixing portion 120 may be in a linear shape, a hook shape, or an S-shape, and in this embodiment, the thermal insulation fixing portion 120 is in a linear shape, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. The heat-insulating fixing part 120 is embedded when the light-transmitting body 300 is embedded into the inner cavity of the through hole 110, so that the light-transmitting body 300 is better prevented from falling off under the action of external force, meanwhile, a certain circuitous path can be formed in the mode, water vapor is less prone to permeating along the interface, and the interface sealing performance is improved.
The cross-sectional shape of the through-hole 110 is not limited, and may be circular, polygonal, or any other shape. In practical applications, the size of the through holes 110, the arrangement of the through holes 110, and the number of the light-transmitting bodies 300 can be selected according to the light-transmitting requirement of the board, for example, the sizes of the through holes 110 can be the same or different, and the arrangement can be uniform, or other regular distribution or random distribution. The light-transmitting body 300 may be disposed in the through hole 110 corresponding to a part of the isolation ring 200, or may be disposed in all the through holes 110. The light-transmitting body 300 is pre-formed and then inserted into the inner cavity of the through hole 110, or is directly formed in the inner cavity of the through hole 110, preferably the latter, which facilitates the close combination of the interfaces and is not limited by the shape of the through hole 110, and particularly when the thermal insulation fixing part 120 is provided at the end of the hole wall of the through hole 110, the thermal insulation fixing part 120 is conveniently embedded in the light-transmitting body 300.
The type of the substrate 100 is not limited in the present invention, and may be a metal plate such as an aluminum plate, a copper plate, a steel plate, an alloy plate, or the like, or a metal composite plate, or a plastic plate with a certain strength, wherein the metal composite plate includes, but is not limited to, a metal plastic composite plate such as an aluminum plastic plate, or a multilayer metal plate, and preferably a metal plate, and has good structural strength and workability. According to the requirement, a plurality of reinforcing ribs can be arranged on the substrate 100 to realize the reinforcement, and the surface of the substrate 100 can also be subjected to surface protection or coating treatment.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4a to 4c, at least one side edge of the heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate is further provided with a plurality of connecting members 500 for realizing splicing between the plates. Specifically, the position of the connecting member 500 at each side edge of the plate can be set to be of an I-shaped section structure, so that splicing and edge sealing of two adjacent plates are realized, and the production and installation processes are simplified. In practical application, the edge sealing layer can be arranged on the edge of the plate independently according to requirements.
As shown in FIG. 5, an example of a method for manufacturing a heat-insulating and heat-transmitting plate is shown. The method comprises the following steps:
s100, forming a plurality of through holes 110 in the same area of the two substrates 100;
s200, the through holes 110 of the two substrates 100 are opposite one to one, a plurality of isolation rings 200 are arranged between the two substrates 100, the isolation rings 200 are respectively arranged around the periphery of each group of the opposite through holes 110, intervals are formed between the substrates 100 through the isolation rings 200, and each group of the through holes 110 is isolated from the interval area of the two substrates 100;
s300, filling a light-transmitting body 300 in the inner cavity of at least one group of through holes 110;
s400, arranging a heat insulation layer 400 between the two substrates 100 except for the through hole 110 and the isolation ring 200.
In the above steps, the through holes 110, the light-transmitting body 300 and the substrate 100 can be selected according to the above embodiments of the heat insulating and heat preserving light-transmitting plate, and the description is not repeated.
In step S200, the isolation ring 200 may be embedded around the through hole 110 of one substrate 100, and then the free end of the isolation ring 200 is correspondingly connected to the periphery of the through hole 110 of another substrate 100.
Step S300 and step S400 are preferably realized by adopting an injection molding process, after step S200, a plate framework consisting of the substrate 100 and the isolating ring 200 is placed in an injection mold, a light-transmitting material is injected into a plurality of groups of through holes 110 to form a light-transmitting body 300, a heat-insulating material is injected into an interval area surrounded by the two substrates 100 and the isolating ring 200, the heat-insulating layer 400 is preferably formed by in-situ foaming of a high-foaming material between the two substrates 100, the foaming ratio can reach more than 50 times, and the density can be lower than 10kg/m3The light and high heat insulation effect is achieved, the use is safer and lighter, meanwhile, the plate framework and the light transmission body 300 can guarantee certain structural strength and long-term light transmission, and the service life of the plate is prolonged.
In view of the above excellent characteristics, the heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate according to the embodiment of the present invention or the heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate prepared according to the method embodiment is particularly suitable for being used as a building material, for example, for manufacturing building walls and ceilings, and the like, including but not limited to various scenes such as building curtain walls, rainshed carports, window eaves, elevator fences, corridor guardrails, indoor partitions, and the like.
Further, the method comprises a step S500 of arranging a plurality of connecting pieces 500 on at least one side edge of the heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate for realizing splicing of the plates. The selection of the connecting member 500 can refer to the above-mentioned embodiments regarding the heat insulating and heat preserving light-transmitting plate, and the description will not be repeated. In addition, before the concatenation, still can carry out the banding to panel and handle, can know from the above description, can realize the concatenation and the banding of panel simultaneously through selecting suitable connecting piece 500, also can carry out the banding to panel earlier as required, carries out the concatenation again.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A heat insulation and heat preservation light-transmitting plate is characterized by comprising:
the two substrates are oppositely arranged at intervals, and a plurality of through holes are oppositely arranged on the two substrates;
the isolation rings are positioned between the two substrates and respectively arranged around the periphery of each group of the opposite through holes to separate the through holes of each group from the interval regions of the two substrates, and the substrates and the isolation rings are combined to form a basic framework of the plate; the inner cavities of at least one group of through holes are filled with light-transmitting bodies;
and the heat insulation layer is positioned between the two substrates except for the through hole and the isolating ring.
2. The heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the through holes are concave holes, and the hole wall ends of each group of through holes are oppositely arranged at intervals.
3. The heat insulation and preservation light-transmitting plate according to claim 2, characterized in that the hole wall end of the through hole extends to the inner cavity of the through hole to form a heat insulation fixing part.
4. The heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heat-insulating fixing part is a linear, hook-shaped or S-shaped structure.
5. The heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting body is a biconcave lens or a negative meniscus lens.
6. The heat-insulating and heat-preserving light-transmitting plate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substrate is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs on the surface except for the through holes.
7. The heat and pressure insulated panel of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of connectors disposed on at least one side edge of the heat and pressure insulated panel.
8. A preparation method of a heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a plurality of through holes are formed in the same area of the two substrates;
the through holes of the two substrates are opposite one by one, a plurality of isolating rings are arranged between the two substrates, the isolating rings are respectively arranged around the periphery of each group of the opposite through holes, so that intervals are formed between the substrates, and each group of the through holes is isolated from the interval area of the two substrates by the isolating rings;
filling a light-transmitting body in the inner cavity of at least one group of through holes;
and arranging a heat insulation layer between the two substrates except for the through hole and the isolating ring.
9. The method of claim 8, further comprising the step of providing a plurality of connectors on at least one side edge of the thermally insulated panel.
10. A building material comprising the heat insulating and heat retaining light-transmitting sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911088844.5A CN111021562B (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate, and preparation method and application thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911088844.5A CN111021562B (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate, and preparation method and application thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111021562A CN111021562A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
| CN111021562B true CN111021562B (en) | 2022-01-18 |
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| CN201911088844.5A Expired - Fee Related CN111021562B (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2019-11-08 | Heat-insulation and heat-preservation light-transmitting plate, and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN111021562B (en) |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001503824A (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 2001-03-21 | ルビンシュタイン，レオン，ドナルド | Sheet material |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19733075C1 (en) * | 1997-07-30 | 1998-08-20 | Heraklith Ag | Insulation system for building facade |
| JP4960727B2 (en) * | 2007-03-05 | 2012-06-27 | 昭和電工株式会社 | Veneer |
| CN202689330U (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-01-23 | 长沙星纳气凝胶有限公司 | Building energy-saving daylighting panel |
| CN107514094A (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2017-12-26 | 徐林波 | A kind of Multifunctional light penetration composite board and combinations thereof wall |
| CN206844983U (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2018-01-05 | 华辉玻璃(中国)有限公司 | The laminated glass of structural strength enhancing |
| CN109989683A (en) * | 2017-12-30 | 2019-07-09 | 长沙星纳气凝胶有限公司 | A kind of aeroge compound glass and its manufacturing method |
| CN208152383U (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-11-27 | 中建西部建设西南有限公司 | A kind of lightweight non-light tight concrete plate |
| CN208586811U (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-03-08 | 上海原宏幕墙有限公司 | A kind of porous wall board structure |
| CN110016991B (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2021-07-06 | 临沂鲁地装饰材料有限公司 | Special high strength board of intelligence building engineering |
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2019
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001503824A (en) * | 1996-08-16 | 2001-03-21 | ルビンシュタイン，レオン，ドナルド | Sheet material |
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