CN111020423A - Light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and aluminum alloy material - Google Patents
Light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and aluminum alloy material Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 14
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 7
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007585 pull-off test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018569 Al—Zn—Mg—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 NaCO325g/L Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
- F16B33/008—Corrosion preventing means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
- F16B33/06—Surface treatment of parts furnished with screw-thread, e.g. for preventing seizure or fretting
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and an aluminum alloy material. The preparation of the aluminum alloy nut comprises the following steps: after the aluminum alloy nut blank is subjected to solution treatment, two-stage aging treatment is carried out: the primary aging treatment is heat preservation for 7.5-8.5 h at 150-170 ℃, and the secondary aging treatment is heat preservation for 11.5-12.5 h at 200-220 ℃. The aluminum alloy nut provided by the invention can greatly reduce the residual stress of the 7055 aluminum alloy product, avoid the cracking phenomenon of the product in the subsequent processing process, reduce the processing deformation of the product and improve the dimensional accuracy. The nut performance verification test shows that the aluminum alloy nut has good assembly performance and stable locking performance, the hardness of the hexagonal end face can reach 290HV, the bearing capacity, the vibration test and the corrosion resistance of the nut can meet the corresponding requirements of a steel 45A nut, and the aluminum alloy nut can be used for replacing a carbon steel nut.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aluminum alloy products, and particularly relates to a light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and an aluminum alloy material.
Background
The 7055 aluminum alloy has the characteristics of high strength and high flexibility, is a 7XXX (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) aluminum alloy taking Zn, Mg and Cu as main strengthening alloy elements, has the advantages of high Zn content, small density, high strength, good plasticity and the like, and is a high-strength high-toughness aluminum alloy widely used at present; the 7055 aluminum alloy produced by the spray forming process has the advantages of fine crystal grains, uniform and compact structure, no macrosegregation and the like.
In the field of aircraft manufacturing, fasteners are currently used in large numbers to integrally join parts, assemblies, and components that make up an aircraft. The type and structure of the fastener are various, and different requirements are often met according to different use positions, use environments, use loads, service lives and installation methods.
In the current environment, the requirements of aerospace fasteners on material performance are continuously improved, and the aerospace fasteners not only meet the conventional mechanical properties, but also have the requirements of good corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, high bearing capacity and the like. At present, the carbon steel nut is still the mainstream product of the fastener, and the bearing capacity is good, and the vibration and corrosion resistance performance are stable. With the continuous development of the weight reduction demand of aerospace vehicles, it has become a necessary task for the development of aerospace fasteners to develop fasteners with higher light levels to replace carbon steel nuts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lightweight ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut, so that the aluminum alloy nut can be used as an aerospace fastener instead of a carbon steel nut.
A second object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut is prepared by the method comprising the following steps: after the aluminum alloy nut blank is subjected to solution treatment, two-stage aging treatment is carried out: the primary aging treatment is heat preservation for 7.5-8.5 h at 150-170 ℃, and the secondary aging treatment is heat preservation for 11.5-12.5 h at 200-220 ℃.
The lightweight ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut provided by the invention can greatly reduce the residual stress of an aluminum alloy product, avoid the cracking phenomenon of the product in the subsequent processing process, reduce the processing deformation of the product and improve the dimensional accuracy. The nut performance verification test shows that the aluminum alloy nut has good assembly performance and stable locking performance, the hardness of the hexagonal end face can reach 290HV, the bearing capacity, the vibration test and the corrosion resistance of the nut can meet the corresponding requirements of a steel 45A nut, and the aluminum alloy nut can be used for replacing a carbon steel nut.
The solution treatment is to perform heat preservation for 40-50 min at 380-400 ℃ and then perform heat preservation for 40-50 min at 440-460 ℃. Preferably, the solution treatment is performed by first keeping the temperature at 390 ℃ for 45min and then keeping the temperature at 450 ℃ for 45 min. The solution treatment adopts water cooling. By adopting the two-stage solid solution process, the supersaturation degree of the solid solution can be better improved, the undissolved phase is reduced, and the subsequent aging treatment effect is improved.
The temperature of the primary aging treatment is 160 ℃, and the temperature of the secondary aging treatment is 210 ℃. And air cooling after the two-stage aging treatment.
The time interval between the solution treatment and the double-stage aging treatment is not more than 12 h. And after the two-stage aging treatment, anodizing to obtain the aluminum alloy nut.
The anodization treatment comprises the steps of sequentially carrying out alkali corrosion, flowing cold water washing, photochemical treatment, flowing cold water washing, sulfuric acid anodization, flowing cold water washing, filling, hot water washing and drying treatment on a workpiece. The alkali liquor used for the alkali corrosion treatment comprises the following components: NaOH 25-35 g/L, NaCO320-25 g/L, and the solvent is water. The temperature of the alkali corrosion treatment is 40-50 ℃, and the time is 20-30 s. The composition of the photochemical liquid used for photochemical treatment is as follows: 300-500 g/L concentrated nitric acid and water as solvent. The photochemical treatment is carried out at room temperature for 20-30 s. The electrolyte used for the sulfuric acid anodizing treatment comprises the following components: 180-240 g/L of concentrated sulfuric acid and water as a solvent. The temperature of the sulfuric acid anodizing treatment is 13-26 ℃, the time is 30-40 min, and the current density is 0.8-1.5A/dm2The voltage was 15V. The composition of the filling liquid used for the filling treatment is K2Cr2O730-50 g/L, and the solvent is water. The temperature of the filling treatment is 97-100 ℃, and the time is 20-30 min. The temperature of the flowing cold water is room temperature, and the temperature of the hot water is 75-85 ℃. After heat treatment and anodization, the problem of hydrogen (cadmium) brittleness can be avoided, and meanwhile, the corrosion resistance is obviously improved.
The aluminum alloy is 7055 aluminum alloy. The 7055 aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Fe, 2 to 2.6 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of Cr, 7.6 to 8.4 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.08 to 0.25 percent of Zr, 1.8 to 2.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of the total amount of other impurity elements, and the.
① through 15 times of manual screwing of the nut and the bolt, the surface has no cracks, the nut is proved to have good assembling performance, ② locking test results show that the nut has stable locking performance and can be processed into a self-locking nut, ③ axial pull-off test shows that the aluminum alloy nut can meet the axial load value (Q/Y48) of the steel 45A corresponding nut, the hexagonal end face hardness of ④ nut can reach 290HV, ⑤ assembles the nut on a vibration instrument for vibration test, and can meet the requirement of not loosening for 3 ten thousand times, ⑥ salt spray resistance test shows that the nut has no corrosion phenomenon under the condition of more than 336 h.
The technical scheme of the aluminum alloy material is as follows:
an aluminum alloy material is prepared by a method comprising the following steps: after the aluminum alloy blank is subjected to solution treatment, two-stage aging treatment is carried out: the primary aging treatment is heat preservation for 8 hours at the temperature of 150-170 ℃, and the secondary aging treatment is heat preservation for 12 hours at the temperature of 200-220 ℃.
Other process parameters in the preparation process of the aluminum alloy material are the same as those in the technical scheme of the aluminum alloy nut, and are not detailed here.
The aluminum alloy material provided by the invention is mainly used as an aerospace fastener, can be used for preparing fasteners such as bolts and nuts, has the advantages of light weight, good bearing capacity and excellent vibration test and corrosion resistance test performances, and can replace the existing carbon steel fastener.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum alloy nut according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an aluminum alloy nut according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a right side view of fig. 3.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the practice of the invention. The 7055 aluminum alloy used in the following examples comprises the following components in percentage by mass: less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Si, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Fe, 2 to 2.6 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of Cr, 7.6 to 8.4 percent of Zn, less than or equal to 0.06 percent of Ti, 0.08 to 0.25 percent of Zr, 1.8 to 2.3 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of other single impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of the total amount of other impurity elements, and the. The concentrated nitric acid and the concentrated sulfuric acid are conventional commercial products, the mass concentration of the concentrated nitric acid is 65-68%, and the mass concentration of the concentrated sulfuric acid is 95-98%.
Example 1
The ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut with light weight of the embodiment has the structure schematic diagrams as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 2, and comprises a nut body 1 and a cylindrical step 2, and the preparation process is as follows:
1) the spray-formed 7055 aluminum alloy is upset and processed into a nut blank (a hexagonal self-locking nut with a cylindrical step), and the nut blank is subjected to solution treatment in the following way: heating from room temperature to 380 ℃ and preserving heat for 50min, then heating to 440 ℃ and preserving heat for 50min, and cooling by water to obtain a solid solution piece;
2) carrying out two-stage aging treatment on the solid solution piece according to the following modes: heating from room temperature to 150 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 8.5h, heating to 200 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 12.5h, and air cooling; the time interval between the solid solution treatment and the two-stage aging treatment is 2h, and an aging piece is obtained;
3) placing the aging part in an alkali liquor for alkali corrosion treatment, wherein the alkali liquor comprises the following components: NaOH 30g/L, NaCO322g/L, and the solvent is water; the temperature of the alkali corrosion treatment is 45 ℃ and the time is 25 s;
after the alkali corrosion treatment, flowing cold water (room temperature) washing is carried out, and then the workpiece is placed in photochemical liquid for photochemical treatment, wherein the composition of the photochemical liquid used for the photochemical treatment is as follows: 400g/L of concentrated nitric acid and water as a solvent; the photochemical treatment is carried out at room temperature for 25 s;
after photochemical treatment, flowing cold water (room temperature) washing is carried out, and then the workpiece is placed in an electrolyte for anodizing treatment, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components: concentrated sulfuric acid of 200g/L and water as solvent; the anodizing treatment temperature is 20 deg.C, time is 35min, and current density is 1.2A/dm2The voltage is 15V;
after anodization, washing with flowing cold water (room temperature), and then placing the workpiece in filling liquid for filling and sealing treatment, wherein the composition of the filling liquid is K2Cr2O740g/L, and the solvent is water; filling and sealingThe temperature is 97 deg.C, and the time is 25 min;
and (4) washing with hot water (80 ℃) after anodizing, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy.
Example 2
The lightweight ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut of the embodiment is prepared by the method comprising the following steps of:
1) the spray-formed 7055 aluminum alloy is upset and processed into a nut blank (a hexagonal self-locking nut with a cylindrical step), and the nut blank is subjected to solution treatment in the following way: heating from room temperature to 390 ℃ and preserving heat for 45min, then heating to 450 ℃ and preserving heat for 45min, and cooling by water to obtain a solid solution piece;
2) and then carrying out two-stage aging treatment: heating from room temperature to 160 ℃ and preserving heat for 8h, then heating to 210 ℃ and preserving heat for 12h, and air cooling; the time interval between the solid solution treatment and the two-stage aging treatment is 4h, and an aging piece is obtained;
3) placing the aging part in an alkali liquor for alkali corrosion treatment, wherein the alkali liquor comprises the following components: NaOH 25g/L, NaCO320g/L, and the solvent is water; the temperature of the alkali corrosion treatment is 40 ℃, and the time is 20 s;
after the alkali corrosion treatment, flowing cold water (room temperature) washing is carried out, and then the workpiece is placed in photochemical liquid for photochemical treatment, wherein the composition of the photochemical liquid used for the photochemical treatment is as follows: 240g/L concentrated nitric acid and water as solvent; the photochemical treatment is carried out at room temperature for 20 s;
after photochemical treatment, flowing cold water (room temperature) washing is carried out, and then the workpiece is placed in an electrolyte for anodizing treatment, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components: concentrated sulfuric acid 180g/L, and the solvent is water; the anodizing treatment temperature was 13 deg.C, time was 30min, and current density was 0.8A/dm2The voltage is 15V;
after anodization, washing with flowing cold water (room temperature), and then placing the workpiece in filling liquid for filling and sealing treatment, wherein the composition of the filling liquid is K2Cr2O730g/L, and the solvent is water; the temperature of the filling and sealing treatment is 97 ℃, and the time is 20 min;
and (4) washing with hot water (80 ℃) after anodizing, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy.
Example 3
The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of the embodiment has a schematic structural diagram as shown in fig. 3 to 4, and comprises a nut body 1, and the preparation process is as follows:
1) upsetting and processing 7055 aluminum alloy formed by spraying into a nut blank (hexagonal nut), and carrying out solution treatment on the nut blank according to the following modes: heating from room temperature to 400 ℃ and preserving heat for 40min, then heating to 460 ℃ and preserving heat for 40min, and water cooling to obtain a solid solution piece;
2) and then carrying out two-stage aging treatment: heating from room temperature to 170 ℃ and preserving heat for 7.5h, then heating to 220 ℃ and preserving heat for 11.5h, and air cooling; the time interval between the solid solution treatment and the two-stage aging treatment is 4h, and an aging piece is obtained;
3) placing the aging part in an alkali liquor for alkali corrosion treatment, wherein the alkali liquor comprises the following components: 35g/L NaOH, NaCO325g/L, and the solvent is water; the temperature of the alkali corrosion treatment is 50 ℃ and the time is 30 s;
after the alkali corrosion treatment, flowing cold water (room temperature) washing is carried out, and then the workpiece is placed in photochemical liquid for photochemical treatment, wherein the composition of the photochemical liquid used for the photochemical treatment is as follows: 500g/L concentrated nitric acid and water as solvent; photochemical treatment is carried out at room temperature for 30 s;
after photochemical treatment, flowing cold water (room temperature) washing is carried out, and then the workpiece is placed in an electrolyte for anodizing treatment, wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components: concentrated sulfuric acid 180g/L, and the solvent is water; the anodizing treatment temperature is 26 deg.C, time is 40min, and current density is 1.5A/dm2The voltage is 15V;
after anodization, washing with flowing cold water (room temperature), and then placing the workpiece in filling liquid for filling and sealing treatment, wherein the composition of the filling liquid is K2Cr2O750g/L, and the solvent is water; the temperature of the filling and sealing treatment is 98 ℃, and the time is 30 min;
and (4) washing with hot water (85 ℃) after anodizing treatment, and drying to obtain the aluminum alloy.
The specific embodiment of the aluminum alloy material can be made into 7055 aluminum alloy bolts or other fastener materials by referring to the process steps of embodiment 2.
Test example 1
7055 aluminum alloy samples were prepared in the same manner as in examples 1 to 3, and mechanical properties such as tensile strength and reduction of area were measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 mechanical property test results of aluminum alloy materials
| Item | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Tensile strength, MPa | 704.6 | 726.8 | 706.3 |
| Elongation after break,% | 13.04 | 11.56 | 13.48 |
The test results in table 1 show that the aluminum alloy material obtained by the invention has the tensile strength of 726.8MPa, the elongation after fracture of 13.48 percent and excellent mechanical properties.
Test example 2
This test example examined the nut properties of the nuts obtained in examples 1 to 3. The method specifically comprises the steps of assembling performance, locking performance, axial pull-off test, hexagonal end face hardness, vibration performance and salt spray resistance test, wherein the aluminum alloy nut can be assembled with a 7055 aluminum alloy bolt matched in strength or a steel bolt matched in strength for use, and has good assembling universality; the locking performance test is carried out according to the specification of a self-locking nut GB943-88, the axial load test is carried out according to the specification of a space courtyard QJ300A-95, the vibration performance is carried out according to the method of GJB715.3A-2002, and the salt spray resistance test is carried out according to the method of GJB 715.1-89. The comparative example is a steel 45A nut with the same specification, the heat treatment process is carried out according to the GJB1951-94 specification, and the test results of the performances of the example 1 and the comparative example are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 results of performance test of aluminum alloy nuts of examples and comparative examples of steel 45A
The results in table 2 show that the aluminum alloy nut of the present invention has excellent mechanical properties and nut test properties, and can satisfy the bearing capacity, vibration requirements and corrosion resistance of the steel 45A nut, thereby being capable of replacing a carbon steel nut.
Claims (10)
1. The light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut is characterized by being prepared by the following steps: after the aluminum alloy nut blank is subjected to solution treatment, two-stage aging treatment is carried out: the primary aging treatment is heat preservation for 7.5-8.5 h at 150-170 ℃, and the secondary aging treatment is heat preservation for 11.5-12.5 h at 200-220 ℃.
2. The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut as set forth in claim 1, wherein said solution treatment is performed by first heat-insulating at 380 to 400 ℃ for 40 to 50min and then heat-insulating at 440 to 460 ℃ for 40 to 50 min.
3. The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 2, wherein said solution treatment is performed by first holding at 390 ℃ for 45min and then holding at 450 ℃ for 45 min.
4. The lightweight ultra high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the solution treatment employs water cooling.
5. The ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the primary aging is 160 ℃ and the temperature of the secondary aging is 210 ℃.
6. The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 1 or 5, wherein said nut is air cooled after a two-stage aging treatment.
7. The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 1, wherein the time interval between the solution treatment and the dual stage aging treatment is no more than 12 hours.
8. The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 1, wherein said aluminum alloy nut is obtained after a two-stage aging treatment followed by an anodization treatment.
9. The lightweight ultra-high strength aluminum alloy nut of claim 1, wherein said aluminum alloy is 7055 aluminum alloy.
10. An aluminum alloy material is characterized by being prepared by a method comprising the following steps: after the aluminum alloy blank is subjected to solution treatment, two-stage aging treatment is carried out: the primary aging treatment is heat preservation for 8 hours at the temperature of 150-170 ℃, and the secondary aging treatment is heat preservation for 12 hours at the temperature of 200-220 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911378768.1A CN111020423A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and aluminum alloy material |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911378768.1A CN111020423A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and aluminum alloy material |
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| CN201911378768.1A Pending CN111020423A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Light ultrahigh-strength aluminum alloy nut and aluminum alloy material |
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