CN111019759A - Method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds - Google Patents
Method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds Download PDFInfo
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- CN111019759A CN111019759A CN201911389520.5A CN201911389520A CN111019759A CN 111019759 A CN111019759 A CN 111019759A CN 201911389520 A CN201911389520 A CN 201911389520A CN 111019759 A CN111019759 A CN 111019759A
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- coffee
- hexane
- isopropanol
- extraction
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- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 179
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 97
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000010635 coffee oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000021539 instant coffee Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000533293 Sesbania emerus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/10—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by extracting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, which takes a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol as an extraction solvent, and carries out six times of continuous and cyclic extraction under the condition of proper proportion of the coffee grounds and the extraction solvent, so that the yield of the finally prepared coffee extract reaches 11.4-14.5%, is 3-5% higher than that of the prior art, the full recovery of the extraction solvent can be realized, the recovery rate of the extraction solvent in each extraction reaches more than 93%, the total recovery rate reaches 62%, and the extraction cost of coffee oil is effectively reduced. In conclusion, the method for extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds is simple, rapid, low in cost, continuous in circulation, capable of realizing extraction at a lower temperature and high in extraction efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of extraction of coffee oil and fat, and particularly relates to a method for extracting a coffee extract from coffee grounds.
Background
Coffee is one of the three major beverages in the world, and in the international market, coffee is second only to petroleum in terms of cumulative trade amount. Among coffee products, instant coffee is more and more popular among people because of convenient drinking and accordance with the rhythm of modern society. Statistically, the consumption of instant coffee accounts for 20% of the world's coffee consumption, and almost 50% of the coffee grounds are produced when instant coffee is processed.
About 1000 million tons of green coffee beans are produced worldwide per year, containing up to 13-17.3% fat
The coffee grounds contain about 11-15% oil and fat, wherein the glyceride fraction consists essentially of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid and linoleic acid. When the coffee grounds are used for combustion of an industrial boiler, the calorific value of the coffee grounds is about 5000 kcal/kg, which is incomparable with other agricultural industrial wastes, in 2008, students try to extract coffee oil by using the coffee grounds and convert the coffee oil into biodiesel by using a transesterification treatment mode, and the process can produce 10-15% of biodiesel, wherein the yield depends on the variety of coffee; in 2010, the students also used the coffee oil extracted from the coffee grounds as the raw material, and produced the diesel oil by adopting an enzyme catalytic conversion mode, the conversion rate can reach 98.5%, and the biodiesel obtained from the coffee grounds is relatively stable and does not change under the observation of more than one month. A plan for extracting 3.4 billion gallons of biodiesel from coffee grounds has been initiated, and the coffee grounds after extraction of oil are ideal garden fertilizers, ethanol raw materials and combustion particles, and the coffee oil is a valuable spice oil which can be diluted to be used as an aromatizer for foods and can be used for manufacturing coffee-flavored perfumes and the like.
However, the process for extracting coffee oil from coffee grounds in the prior art has low extraction efficiency and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds.
A method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the dried coffee grounds, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out first reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain first filter residues and a first component;
filtering the first component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain coffee extract I;
(2) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the first filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out secondary reflux extraction, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain a second filter residue and a second component;
filtering the second component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain a coffee extract II;
(3) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the second filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out third reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain third filter residue and a third component;
filtering the third component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain coffee extract III;
(4) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the third filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fourth reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fourth filter residue and a fourth component;
filtering the fourth component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain a coffee extract IV;
(5) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the fourth filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, performing fifth reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain fifth filter residue and a fifth component;
filtering the fifth component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain coffee extract V;
(6) adding a mixed solvent of n-hexane and isopropanol into the fifth filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a filtrate, namely a sixth component;
filtering the sixth component, and recovering normal hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain a coffee extract VI;
(7) and (4) combining the coffee extracts obtained in the steps (1) to (6), and finishing extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds.
In the steps (1) to (6), the mass ratio of n-hexane to isopropanol in the mixed solvent is 1.5:1-5: 1.
The mass ratio of n-hexane to isopropanol in the mixed solvent is 2: 1.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1:2-1: 4.
The mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1: 3.
In the steps (2) to (6), the mass ratio of the filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2-1: 4.
The mass ratio of the filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1: 3.
In the steps (1) - (5), the temperature of the reflux extraction is 70-75 ℃, and the time of the reflux extraction is 30-40 min.
In the steps (1) to (6), n-hexane and isopropanol are recovered from the filtrate by adopting a rotary evaporation mode.
The temperature of the rotary evaporation is 68-70 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds uses the mixed solvent consisting of the n-hexane and the isopropanol as the extraction solvent, and the coffee grounds and the extraction solvent are subjected to continuous and cyclic extraction for six times under proper proportion, so that the yield of the finally prepared coffee extract is up to 11.4-14.5%, which is 3-5% higher than that of the prior art, the full recovery of the extraction solvent can be realized, the recovery rate of the extraction solvent in each extraction is up to more than 93%, the total recovery rate is up to 62%, and the extraction cost of the coffee oil is effectively reduced. In conclusion, the method for extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds is simple, rapid, low in cost, continuous in circulation, capable of realizing extraction at a lower temperature and high in extraction efficiency.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking dried coffee grounds, adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol according to a mass ratio of 2:1, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out first reflux extraction at 72 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain first filter residues and a first component;
filtering the first component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, distilling the filtrate at 69 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract I;
(2) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the first filter residue according to a mass ratio of 2:1, wherein the mass ratio of the first filter residue to the mixed solvent is 13, fully and uniformly mixing, performing second reflux extraction at 72 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain a second filter residue and a second component;
filtering the second component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 69 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract II;
(3) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the second filter residue according to the mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the mass ratio of the second filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out third reflux extraction at 72 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a third filter residue and a third component;
filtering the third component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 69 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract III;
(4) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 2:1 into the third filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the third filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fourth reflux extraction at 72 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fourth filter residue and a fourth component;
filtering the fourth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and distilling the filtrate at 69 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract IV;
(5) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 2:1 into the fourth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fourth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fifth reflux extraction at 72 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fifth filter residue and a fifth component;
filtering the fifth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 69 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract V;
(6) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 2:1 into the fifth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fifth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum filtration to obtain a filtrate, namely a sixth component;
filtering the sixth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 69 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract VI;
(7) and (4) combining the coffee extracts obtained in the steps (1) to (6), and finishing extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking dried coffee grounds, adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol according to a mass ratio of 1.5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1:2, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out first reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 40min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain first filter residues and a first component;
filtering the first component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, distilling the filtrate at 68 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract I;
(2) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the first filter residue according to a mass ratio of 1.5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the first filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2, fully and uniformly mixing, performing secondary reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 40min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a second filter residue and a second component;
filtering the second component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and distilling the filtrate at 68 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract II;
(3) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 1.5:1 into the second filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the second filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out third reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 40min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a third filter residue and a third component;
filtering the third component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 68 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract III;
(4) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the third filter residue according to a mass ratio of 1.5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the third filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fourth reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 40min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fourth filter residue and a fourth component;
filtering the fourth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and distilling the filtrate at 68 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract IV;
(5) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the fourth filter residue according to a mass ratio of 1.5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the fourth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2, fully and uniformly mixing, performing fifth reflux extraction at 70 ℃ for 40min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain fifth filter residue and a fifth component;
filtering the fifth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 68 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract V;
(6) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 1.5:1 into the fifth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fifth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum filtration to obtain a filtrate, namely a sixth component;
filtering the sixth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 68 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract VI;
(7) and (4) combining the coffee extracts obtained in the steps (1) to (6), and finishing extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking dried coffee grounds, adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol according to a mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1:4, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out first reflux extraction at 75 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain first filter residues and a first component;
filtering the first component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract I;
(2) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the first filter residue according to a mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the first filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:4, fully and uniformly mixing, performing second reflux extraction at 75 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a second filter residue and a second component;
filtering the second component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract II;
(3) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the second filter residue according to a mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the second filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:4, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out third reflux extraction at 75 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain a third filter residue and a third component;
filtering the third component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract III;
(4) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol into the third filter residue according to a mass ratio of 5:1, wherein the mass ratio of the third filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:4, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fourth reflux extraction at 75 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fourth filter residue and a fourth component;
filtering the fourth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract IV;
(5) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 5:1 into the fourth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fourth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:4, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fifth reflux extraction at 75 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fifth filter residue and a fifth component;
filtering the fifth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract V;
(6) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 5:1 into the fifth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fifth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:4, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum filtration to obtain a filtrate, namely a sixth component;
filtering the sixth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract VI;
(7) and (4) combining the coffee extracts obtained in the steps (1) to (6), and finishing extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, comprising the steps of:
(1) taking dried coffee grounds, adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol according to a mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out first reflux extraction at 74 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain first filter residues and a first component;
filtering the first component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract I;
(2) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the first filter residue according to a mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the mass ratio of the first filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, performing secondary reflux extraction at 74 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a second filter residue and a second component;
filtering the second component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract II;
(3) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the second filter residue according to the mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the mass ratio of the second filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out third reflux extraction at 74 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a third filter residue and a third component;
filtering the third component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract III;
(4) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the third filter residue according to the mass ratio of 3:1, wherein the mass ratio of the third filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fourth reflux extraction at 74 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fourth filter residue and a fourth component;
filtering the fourth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract IV;
(5) adding a mixed solvent composed of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 3:1 into the fourth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fourth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fifth reflux extraction at 74 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fifth filter residue and a fifth component;
filtering the fifth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract V;
(6) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 3:1 into the fifth filter residue, wherein the mass ratio of the fifth filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, and performing vacuum filtration to obtain a filtrate, namely a sixth component;
filtering the sixth component to remove residual free particles in the contained coffee grounds, and then distilling the filtrate at 70 ℃ by using a rotary evaporator to recover n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain a coffee extract VI;
(7) and (4) combining the coffee extracts obtained in the steps (1) to (6), and finishing extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a process for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, which differs from example 1 only in that the extraction solvent is n-hexane, and the coffee extract is obtained after one extraction, as follows:
adding n-hexane into dried coffee residues, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee residues to the n-hexane is 1:3, fully and uniformly mixing, performing reflux extraction at 72 ℃ for 30min, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain filter residues and filtrate;
filtering the filtrate to remove residual free particles in coffee residue, distilling the filtrate at 69 deg.C with rotary evaporator, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol to obtain coffee extract. The detection proves that the recovery rate of the normal hexane is 90 percent, and the yield of the coffee extract is 4.7 percent.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, which is different from example 1 only in that coffee extract is obtained after six extractions using n-hexane instead of the mixed solvent. The average recovery rate of n-hexane was found to be 70% and the yield of coffee extract was found to be 12.9%.
Test example 1
The coffee extract obtained in example 1 of the present invention was subjected to the component test, and the test results are shown in tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1 component testing of the coffee extract
| Characteristics of | Coffee oil |
| Average molecular weight (g/mol) | 636.6 |
| Free fatty acid (wt%) | 0.45 |
| Triglyceride (wt%) | 81.52 |
| Diglyceride (wt%) | 4.93 |
| Monoglyceride (% by weight) | 12.02 |
| Ester (wt%) | 1.08 |
| High calorific value (kJ/kg) | 38477 |
| Density (30 ℃, kg/L) | 0.915 |
Table 2-main fatty acid composition in the coffee extract
The amounts of n-hexane and isopropanol and coffee extract recovered after each reflux extraction in the extraction process described in example 1 of the present invention were measured, and the results are shown in table 3.
As can be seen from Table 3, the recovery rate of the extraction solvent of each extraction in the method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds of the invention reaches more than 93%, and the yield of the finally prepared coffee extract reaches up to 13%; while the yield of the coffee extract in the extraction method of comparative example 1 is only 4.7%, the method of comparative example 2 adopts n-hexane with higher cost as an extraction solvent in order to obtain higher yield, and the recovery rate of the n-hexane is lower and is only 70%, so that the cost is higher. In conclusion, the method of the invention adopts the mixed solvent of n-hexane and isopropanol as the extraction solvent, thereby ensuring higher yield and effectively reducing cost.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds, comprising the steps of:
(1) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the dried coffee grounds, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out first reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain first filter residues and a first component;
filtering the first component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain coffee extract I;
(2) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the first filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out secondary reflux extraction, and filtering after extraction is finished to obtain a second filter residue and a second component;
filtering the second component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain a coffee extract II;
(3) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the second filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out third reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain third filter residue and a third component;
filtering the third component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain coffee extract III;
(4) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the third filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, carrying out fourth reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain a fourth filter residue and a fourth component;
filtering the fourth component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain a coffee extract IV;
(5) adding a mixed solvent consisting of n-hexane and isopropanol into the fourth filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, performing fifth reflux extraction, and filtering after the extraction is finished to obtain fifth filter residue and a fifth component;
filtering the fifth component, and recovering n-hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain coffee extract V;
(6) adding a mixed solvent of n-hexane and isopropanol into the fifth filter residue, fully and uniformly mixing, and carrying out vacuum filtration to obtain a filtrate, namely a sixth component;
filtering the sixth component, and recovering normal hexane and isopropanol in the filtrate to obtain a coffee extract VI;
(7) and (4) combining the coffee extracts obtained in the steps (1) to (6), and finishing extracting the coffee extract from the coffee grounds.
2. The method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of n-hexane and isopropanol in the mixed solvent is 1.5:1-5:1 in steps (1) - (6).
3. The method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 2, wherein the mass ratio of n-hexane to isopropanol in the mixed solvent is 2: 1.
4. The method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent in the step (1) is 1:2-1: 4.
5. The method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the dried coffee grounds to the mixed solvent is 1: 3.
6. The method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the residue to the mixed solvent is 1:2 to 1:4 in steps (2) to (6).
7. The method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 6, wherein the mass ratio of the filter residue to the mixed solvent is 1: 3.
8. The method for extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the reflux extraction is 70-75 ℃ and the time of the reflux extraction is 30-40min in the steps (1) - (5).
9. The method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 1, wherein in the steps (1) to (6), n-hexane and isopropanol are recovered from the filtrate by means of rotary evaporation.
10. A method of extracting coffee extract from coffee grounds according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the rotary evaporation is 68-70 ℃.
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