CN111019680A - Method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality - Google Patents

Method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111019680A
CN111019680A CN201911262043.6A CN201911262043A CN111019680A CN 111019680 A CN111019680 A CN 111019680A CN 201911262043 A CN201911262043 A CN 201911262043A CN 111019680 A CN111019680 A CN 111019680A
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gas
coal
coke
coking
furnace
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晏乃强
瞿赞
黄文君
徐浩淼
刘杰
柳畅
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/04—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of powdered coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B39/00—Cooling or quenching coke
    • C10B39/02—Dry cooling outside the oven
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60—Processes
    • C10J3/62—Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C10J2300/0933—Coal fines for producing water gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0943—Coke
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for promoting coal coking and improving coal gas yield and quality, which utilizes a dry quenching furnace to convert and reform coke oven gas discharged by a coking furnace, mixes easily pyrolyzed coal powder into hot coke in the dry quenching furnace to obtain a coal gas part which returns to the coking furnace, accelerates the temperature rise of a carbonization chamber of the coking furnace and enables the temperature distribution in the furnace to be uniform, and H in the coal gas2The CO and the moisture can promote the coking of the coal in the coking chamber, shorten the coking time of the coal and reduce the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber of the coking furnace; meanwhile, the other part of the coal gas is recycled as a coal gas productBy H in gas products2And the content of CO is increased, and the yield of coal gas is increased. Compared with the prior art, the invention can improve the recovery rate of the energy of the coking system, reduce the coking time, save the fuel consumption of the combustion chamber and ensure the heat value and H of the coke oven gas2The content is obviously improved.

Description

Method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, chemical industry, energy and resource utilization, in particular to a method for promoting coal coking and improving the yield and quality of coal gas.
Background
A series of coal gas byproducts can be generated in the production and operation processes of the steel industry, the coal gas byproducts mainly comprise blast furnace gas, coke oven gas, converter gas and the like, wherein the coke oven gas contains more combustible components and belongs to high-heat-value gas, the yield and the composition of the coke oven gas are different due to different coking coal quality and coking process conditions, and generally 300-350m coke oven gas can be produced from each ton of dry coal3(standard state). The main component of the coke oven gas is H2(55% -60%) and CH4(23% -27%), and also contains small amount of CO and CO2、O2And N2. The research on recycling and high-efficiency conversion of coke oven gas is always concerned.
The current utilization mode of coke oven gas in the steel industry mainly comprises the following steps: the fuel can be used as industrial and civil fuel gas and power generation, as chemical raw materials and reducing agents, as hydrogen production raw materials and the like; the poly-generation system taking coke oven gas and gasified gas as leading heads becomes a hot spot in the energy field of China, and the utilization efficiency of resources and energy can be greatly improved. Chinese patent (CN101100622A) discloses a method for preparing acetylene and methanol by using coke oven gas, which comprises the steps of mixing the coke oven gas with partial acetylene tail gas, synthesizing natural gas by conventional methanation through the conventional purification and compression process flows, preparing acetylene by using partial oxidation process after obtaining synthetic methane, and simultaneously obtaining a large amount of byproduct H2And CO. However, according to the actual industrial production, most of CH in the process of preparing acetylene by partial oxidation4Oxidized to CO, resulting in a lower yield of the target product and failure to achieve a fully efficient use of coke oven gas.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a method for promoting coal coking and improving the yield and quality of coal gas.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a method for promoting coal coking and increasing coal gas output and quality is characterized in that a dry quenching furnace is used for converting and reforming coke oven gas discharged by a coking furnace, easy-to-pyrolyze coal powder is doped into hot coke in the dry quenching furnace, the obtained coal gas part returns to the coking furnace, the temperature rise of a carbonization chamber of the coking furnace is accelerated, the temperature distribution in the furnace tends to be uniform, and H in the coal gas2The CO and the moisture can promote the coking of the coal in the coking chamber, shorten the coking time of the coal and reduce the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber of the coking furnace; meanwhile, the other part of the coal gas is recycled as a coal gas product, and H in the coal gas product2And the content of CO is increased, and the yield of coal gas is increased.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) transferring hot coke pushed out by the coking furnace to a dry quenching furnace with a gas isolation and sealing function by using a rotary coke tank, and using CO2Or water vapor as the barrier gas; (ii) a
(2) By using CO2Compressed gas or high-pressure steam is used as power, pulverized coal is sprayed into a dry quenching furnace, and the pulverized coal is rapidly pyrolyzed by utilizing the high-temperature action of hot coke to form CO and H2Gas components and coke powder, which partially convert the heat contained in the hot coke into chemical energy;
(3) simultaneously, the coke oven gas flowing out of the coking furnace is directly sent to a dry quenching furnace after primary cooling and dust and tar removal, and large molecular weight substances in the coke oven gas are cracked into light components and/or H through secondary contact with hot coke2(ii) a Simultaneously utilizes the moisture and CO in the coke oven gas2The deep gasification of the hot coke and the newly added coal powder is promoted, and the gas is utilized to transfer the heat contained in the hot coke out of the dry quenching furnace;
(4) the temperature of the coke oven gas treated in the step (3) can reach over 900 ℃, and H2And the content of light components is obviousIncreasing, after primary dust removal and tar removal, one part is recycled as a coal gas product, the other part returns from the top of the coking furnace, the heat of the returned coal gas of the part is utilized to accelerate the temperature rise of a carbonization chamber in the coking furnace, the temperature in the coking furnace is uniformly distributed, and H in the returned coal gas is utilized2CO and moisture, the coking of coal in a coking furnace carbonization chamber is accelerated, the yield of coal gas is improved, the production capacity of the coking furnace is improved, and the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber of the coking furnace is reduced; the heat value of the upgraded coal gas is obviously improved, and the upgraded coal gas can be returned to a blast furnace for ironmaking after waste heat recovery and can also be used as fuel gas.
(5) Discharging the cooled coke and the coke powder generated by the pyrolysis of the coal powder from the bottom of the dry quenching furnace, and separating the cooled coke and the coke powder by using a screening or winnowing method.
The hot coke in the step (1) refers to red coke which is directly pushed out of the coking furnace and transported by using a coke tank, and the initial temperature of the red coke is 1000-1300 ℃.
The dry quenching furnace in the step (1) is a device for cooling hot coke from high temperature to below 400 ℃, an air suction prevention device is arranged at the top of the dry quenching furnace, the air suction prevention device is a double-layer baffle valve arranged at the upper part of the dry quenching furnace, an air isolation chamber is constructed by utilizing the double-layer baffle valve, and the gas leakage rate of each baffle valve<5 percent; in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank, CO is utilized2The water vapor is used as air isolation protective gas, an air isolation chamber is formed between the two baffle valves, and the pressure of the air isolation chamber is 10-80Pa higher than that of the upper part and the lower part of the air isolation chamber respectively; a small amount of water vapor or CO permeating into the coke dry quenching furnace2It can be used as the accelerating agent for coke gasification and coal powder pyrolysis.
In the step (2), the coal powder is one or more of peat, lignite and bituminous coal, and the diameter of the coal powder is 0.5-10 mm; the coal powder is sprayed into the dry quenching furnace by utilizing the jet propulsion gas, and the adding amount of the coal powder is 5-20% of the weight of the hot coke; the weight of the pulverized coal injection propelling gas is 10-20% of the pulverized coal weight.
The pulverized coal injection propelling gas is high-pressure steam and compressed CO2One or two of the above-mentioned materials, gas pressure is 0.3-1.0MPa, and its injection quantity is 5-20% of volume quantity of circulating gas。
The coke oven gas in the step (3) is gas directly discharged from a carbonization chamber of the coke oven, and the main component of the coke oven gas is H2、CO、CO2、CH4And N2After preliminary cooling and dust and tar removal, the temperature is 200-400 ℃.
In the step (4), the temperature of the gas flowing out of the dry quenching furnace is 800-.
The temperature of the coke discharged from the bottom of the dry quenching furnace in the step (5) is 200 ℃ to 400 ℃, and CO is utilized before a discharge valve2Or water vapor to isolate the outside air.
The method for promoting coal coking and improving the yield and the quality of the coal gas by using the coal powder comprises the steps of reforming the coke oven gas by using a dry quenching system, converting macromolecular organic matters in the coke oven gas into low-molecular substances by using high-temperature coke, and doping the coal powder which is easy to pyrolyze into hot coke, thereby obviously improving the H content in the coal gas2And the content of CO. Part of the reformed high-temperature coal gas after dust removal returns to the low-temperature end of the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, the temperature of the carbonization chamber is raised by sensible heat carried by the circulating coal gas, and H in the circulating coal gas is utilized2And light components such as CO promote the coking of coal. Through the treatment, the recovery rate of the energy of the coking system can be improved, the coking time is reduced, the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber is saved, and the heat value and H of the coke oven gas are increased2The content is obviously improved.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method utilizes a dry quenching system to reform coke oven gas, utilizes high-temperature coke to convert macromolecular organic matters in the coke oven gas into low-molecular substances, and adds easily pyrolyzed coal powder into the hot coke to promote H in the gas2And the content of CO, the part of the reformed high-temperature coal gas after dust removal returns to the low-temperature end of the coke oven carbonization chamber, the recovery rate of the energy of a coking system can be improved, the coking time is reduced, the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber is saved, and the heat value and the H of the coke oven gas are ensured2The content is obviously improved;
2. the invention utilizes the heat brought back by the returned coal gas and the chemical action of the light components, so that the coal coking time is shortened by 10-20 percent compared with the original coking time, the coal gas yield can be increased by 20-30 percent, and the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber is reduced by 5-10 percent;
3. the invention is characterized in that the top and the bottom of the dry quenching furnace are respectively provided with an air suction prevention device, and CO is utilized in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank2The water vapor forms an isolation air curtain between the two baffle valves, and a small amount of CO permeates into the coke dry quenching furnace2The water vapor can be used as a promoter for coke gasification and pulverized coal pyrolysis, and CO is also utilized when coke is discharged from the bottom2As air isolation shielding gas;
4. the invention does not need to greatly adjust the prior equipment, the used coal powder can be one or more of peat, lignite and bituminous coal, the source is wide, the price is low, light-weight and fine-particle coke powder is generated after reaction, and the coke powder and the original coke can be separated and recycled by a screening or gravity separation method.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus for coupling the dry coke quenching furnace and the coke oven according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in FIG. 1, an apparatus for coupling a dry quenching furnace with a coke oven includes a dry quenching furnace 1 and a coke oven 2.
Wherein, the top of the dry quenching furnace 1 is butted with a rotary coke tank, a double-layer baffle valve 3 is arranged below the butt joint port, the double-layer baffle valve 3 isolates the top of the dry quenching furnace 1 to form an air isolation area 4, and one side of the air isolation area is provided with steam or CO2The inlet 5 is provided with steam or CO at the other side2An outlet 6, a coal powder inlet pipeline 7 is arranged on the side wall of the dry quenching furnace below the air isolation area 4, a coal powder injection pushing air inlet branch pipe 8 is arranged on the coal powder inlet pipeline 7, and the main dry area of the dry quenching furnace 1 is sequentially divided into a hot coke layer A from top to bottom: a pyrolysis and coke gasification reaction area and a coke cooling area B, wherein the side wall of the high-temperature area is provided with an upgraded coke oven gas outlet 9, and a dust removal device 10 is arranged on a connecting pipeline. What is needed isThe bottom of the dry quenching furnace 1 is provided with a discharge port 11, and the side wall of the dry quenching furnace above the discharge port is provided with CO2Or a steam inlet 12 for discharging coke powder formed by pyrolyzing the pulverized coal together with the cooled coke through a discharge port 11 and using CO2Or water vapor to isolate the outside air.
The top of the coking furnace 2 is provided with a coal charging port 13 and a return gas inlet 14, the interior of the coking furnace is provided with a carbonization chamber 15 and a combustion chamber 16, the bottom of the coking furnace is provided with a hot coke pushing channel 17, a hot coke outlet 18 and a coke oven gas outlet 19, the coke oven gas outlet 19 is connected to a coke oven gas inlet 20 of the dry quenching furnace 1 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a temperature-reducing, dust-removing and tar-removing device 21 and a booster fan 22.
The method for promoting coal coking and improving the yield and quality of coal gas by adopting the device is shown in the following embodiment.
Example 1
1. Transferring 1t of hot coke pushed out by the coking furnace into a dry quenching furnace 1 at an initial temperature of 1200 ℃ by using a rotary coke tank, and in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank, using CO2As air isolation protective gas, an isolation air curtain is formed on the double-layer baffle valve 3;
2. using 10kg of compressed CO at a pressure of 0.6MPa2As the injection propulsion gas, 100kg of mixed coal powder of peat and lignite with the diameter of 5mm, which enters from a coal powder inlet pipeline 7, is pushed into the dry quenching furnace 1 from a coal powder injection propulsion branch pipe 8, and CO is compressed2The injection amount of the coke oven gas is 10 percent of the volume amount of the circulating coke oven gas;
3. will be 10m3Directly discharged from the carbonization chamber 15 of the coke oven 2 and containing a certain amount of H2、CO、CO2、CH4And N2The coke oven gas is supplemented with 15 percent of water vapor and CO by volume2After the temperature is initially reduced and the dust and tar are removed to reach 250 ℃, introducing the coke into the dry quenching furnace 1 through a coke oven gas inlet 20;
4. passing coke oven gas through hot coke layer, and utilizing water and CO added2Promote the deep gasification of hot coke and newly added coal powder, and can make CO and H2And the heat value can be increased by 5-10%, and CO and H produced by coal powder pyrolysis2And hot coke contentThe heat and the high-temperature upgraded coke oven gas are led out from a coke oven gas outlet 9 above the dry quenching furnace 1, and the part of the upgraded coke oven gas is returned to a coking furnace carbonization chamber 15 from the top of the coking furnace 2 after being dedusted by a dedusting device 10 for promoting coal gasification;
5. opening the bottom CO when the cooled coke and coke breeze are removed from the bottom discharge opening 112Or steam inlet 12 for CO2The air curtain is used for isolating air, the temperature of upgraded coke oven gas flowing out of the dry quenching furnace is measured to be 937 ℃, and the temperature of cooled coke discharged from the bottom is measured to be 245 ℃;
6. and separating coke powder formed after the coal powder is pyrolyzed at high temperature from the original coke by using a screening or gravity separation method.
Example 2
1. Transferring 1t of hot coke pushed out by a coking furnace to a dry quenching furnace at 1200 ℃ by using a rotary coke tank, and in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank, using CO2As air isolation protective gas, an isolation air curtain is formed between the two baffle valves;
2. using 10kg of compressed CO at a pressure of 0.6MPa2As the jet propulsion gas, 100kg of mixed coal powder of peat and lignite with the diameter of 5mm is pushed into a dry quenching furnace to compress CO2The injection amount of the coke oven gas is 15 percent of the volume amount of the circulating coke oven gas;
3. will be 10m3Directly discharged from the carbonization chamber of the coke oven and containing a certain amount of H2、CO、CO2、CH4And N2The coke oven gas is supplemented with 15 percent of water vapor and CO by volume2After the temperature is initially reduced and the dust and tar are removed to reach 250 ℃, introducing the coke into a dry quenching furnace from a coke oven gas inlet;
4. passing coke oven gas through hot coke layer, and utilizing water and CO added2Promote the deep gasification of hot coke and newly added coal powder, and can make CO and CO2And the heat value can be increased by 5-10%, and CO and H produced by coal powder pyrolysis2The heat contained in the hot coke and the high-temperature upgraded coke oven gas are led out from an outlet above the dry quenching furnace, and the part of the coke oven gas after dust removal returns to the carbonization chamber of the coking furnace from the top of the coking furnace for promoting coal gasification;
5. coldWhile coke and coke powder are discharged from the bottom, the bottom CO is opened2The air curtain is used for isolating air, the temperature of upgraded coke oven gas flowing out of the dry quenching furnace is measured to be 949 ℃, and the temperature of cooled coke discharged from the bottom is 235 ℃;
6. and separating coke powder formed after the coal powder is pyrolyzed at high temperature from the original coke by using a screening or gravity separation method.
Example 3
1. Transferring 1t of hot coke pushed out by a coking furnace to a dry quenching furnace at 1200 ℃ by using a rotary coke tank, and in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank, using CO2As air isolation protective gas, an isolation air curtain is formed between the two baffle valves;
2. using 10kg of compressed CO at a pressure of 0.6MPa2As the jet propulsion gas, 100kg of mixed coal powder of peat and lignite with the diameter of 5mm is pushed into a dry quenching furnace to compress CO2The injection amount of the coke oven gas is 15 percent of the volume amount of the circulating coke oven gas;
3. will be 10m3Directly discharged from the carbonization chamber of the coke oven and containing a certain amount of H2、CO、CO2、CH4And N2Make up 20% of its volume of water vapor and CO2After the temperature is initially reduced and the dust and tar are removed to reach 250 ℃, introducing the coke into a dry quenching furnace from a coke oven gas inlet;
4. passing coke oven gas through hot coke layer, and utilizing water and CO added2Promote the deep gasification of hot coke and newly added coal powder, and can make CO and H2And the heat value can be increased by 5-10%, and CO and H produced by coal powder pyrolysis2The heat contained in the hot coke and the high-temperature upgraded coke oven gas are led out from an outlet above the dry quenching furnace, and the part of the coke oven gas after dust removal returns to the carbonization chamber of the coking furnace from the top of the coking furnace for promoting coal gasification;
5. opening bottom CO when cooled coke and coke powder are discharged from the bottom2The air curtain is used for isolating air, the temperature of upgraded coke oven gas flowing out of the dry quenching furnace is measured to be 957 ℃, and the temperature of cooled coke discharged from the bottom is measured to be 232 ℃;
6. and separating coke powder formed after the coal powder is pyrolyzed at high temperature from the original coke by using a screening or gravity separation method.
Example 4
1. Transferring 1t of hot coke pushed out by a coking furnace to a dry quenching furnace at 1200 ℃ by using a rotary coke tank, and in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank, using CO2As air isolation protective gas, an isolation air curtain is formed between the two baffle valves;
2. using 10kg of compressed CO at a pressure of 0.6MPa2As jet propulsion gas, 100kg of mixture of coal powder and biomass particles with the diameter of 5mm is pushed into a dry quenching furnace, and CO is compressed2The injection amount of the coke oven gas is 12 percent of the volume amount of the circulating coke oven gas;
3. will be 10m3After being treated by cooling, dedusting and the like, contains a certain amount of N2、CO、CO2And a small amount of H2The coke oven gas at 250 ℃ is supplemented with water vapor and CO of 18 percent of the volume2Then introducing the coke into a dry quenching furnace from a coke oven gas inlet;
4. passing coke oven gas through hot coke layer, and utilizing water and CO added2Promotes the deep gasification of hot coke and newly added coal powder, thereby generating upgraded coke oven gas and pyrolyzing CO and H generated by coal powder2And the heat contained in the hot coke and the high-temperature upgraded coke oven gas are led out from an outlet above the dry quenching furnace;
5. opening bottom CO when cooled coke and coke powder are discharged from the bottom2The air curtain is used for isolating air, the temperature of upgraded coke oven gas flowing out of the dry quenching furnace is measured to be 952 ℃, and the temperature of cooled coke discharged from the bottom is measured to be 233 ℃;
6. and separating coke powder formed after the coal powder is pyrolyzed at high temperature from the original coke by using a screening or gravity separation method.

Claims (9)

1. A method for promoting coal coking and increasing the output and quality of coal gas features that the coke oven gas discharged from coking furnace is converted and reformed by dry quenching furnace, and the easily pyrolyzed powdered coal is added to the hot coke in dry quenching furnace to obtain gas part which is returned to coking furnace for speeding up the temp raising in carbonizing chamber of coking furnace and increasing the temp distribution in furnaceIn the homogeneous and coal gas H2The CO and the moisture can promote the coking of the coal in the coking chamber, shorten the coking time of the coal and reduce the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber of the coking furnace; meanwhile, the other part of the coal gas is recycled as a coal gas product, and H in the coal gas product2And the content of CO is increased, and the yield of coal gas is increased.
2. The method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
(1) transferring hot coke pushed out by the coking furnace to a dry quenching furnace with a gas isolation and sealing function by utilizing a rotary coke tank;
(2) spraying the coal powder into a dry quenching furnace, and utilizing the high-temperature action of hot coke to rapidly pyrolyze the coal powder to form CO and H2Gas components and coke powder, which partially convert the heat contained in the hot coke into chemical energy;
(3) simultaneously, the coke oven gas flowing out of the coking furnace is directly sent to a dry quenching furnace after primary cooling and dust and tar removal, and large molecular weight substances in the coke oven gas are cracked into light components and/or H through secondary contact with hot coke2(ii) a Simultaneously utilizes the moisture and CO in the coke oven gas2The deep gasification of the hot coke and the newly added coal powder is promoted, and the gas is utilized to transfer the heat contained in the hot coke out of the dry quenching furnace;
(4) after the coke oven gas treated in the step (3) is subjected to primary dust removal and tar removal, one part of the coke oven gas is recycled as a gas product, the other part of the coke oven gas returns from the top of the coking oven, the heat of the returned coke oven gas of the part of the coke oven gas is utilized to accelerate the temperature rise of a carbonization chamber in the coking oven, the temperature in the coking oven is uniformly distributed, and H in the returned coke oven gas is utilized2CO and moisture, the coking of coal in a coking furnace carbonization chamber is accelerated, the yield of coal gas is improved, the production capacity of the coking furnace is improved, and the fuel consumption of a combustion chamber of the coking furnace is reduced;
(5) discharging the cooled coke and the coke powder generated by the pyrolysis of the coal powder from the bottom of the dry quenching furnace, and separating the cooled coke and the coke powder by using a screening or winnowing method.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hot coke in step (1) is red coke directly pushed out from the coking furnace and transported by the coke drum, and the initial temperature is 1000-1300 ℃.
4. The method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality as claimed in claim 2, wherein the dry quenching furnace in step (1) is a device for cooling hot coke from high temperature to below 400 ℃, and the top of the device is provided with an air intake preventing device which is a double-layer baffle valve arranged at the upper part of the dry quenching furnace, the double-layer baffle valve is used for constructing an air isolation chamber, and the gas leakage rate of each baffle valve<5 percent; in the butt joint process of the dry quenching furnace and the coke tank, CO is utilized2The water vapor is used as air isolation protective gas, an air isolation chamber is formed between the two baffle valves, and the pressure of the air isolation chamber is 10-80Pa higher than that of the upper part and the lower part of the air isolation chamber respectively; a small amount of water vapor or CO permeating into the coke dry quenching furnace2It can be used as the accelerating agent for coke gasification and coal powder pyrolysis.
5. The method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pulverized coal in step (2) is one or more of peat, lignite and bituminous coal, and the diameter of the pulverized coal is 0.5-10 mm; the coal powder is sprayed into the dry quenching furnace by utilizing the jet propulsion gas, and the adding amount of the coal powder is 5-20% of the weight of the hot coke; the weight of the pulverized coal injection propelling gas is 10-20% of the pulverized coal weight.
6. The method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pulverized coal injection propulsion gas is high-pressure steam, compressed CO2One or two of the above-mentioned materials, gas pressure is 0.3-1.0MPa, and the injection quantity is 5-20% of volume quantity of circulating gas.
7. According to claim2 the method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality, which is characterized in that the coke oven gas in the step (3) is gas directly discharged from a carbonization chamber of a coking furnace, and the main component of the coke oven gas is H2、CO、CO2、CH4And N2After preliminary cooling and dust and tar removal, the temperature is 200-400 ℃.
8. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the gas flowing out of the dry quenching furnace in the step (4) is 800-1000 ℃, and the proportion of the return gas in the total volume of the gas is 20-50%.
9. The method for promoting coal coking and increasing gas yield and quality as claimed in claim 2, wherein the temperature of the coke discharged from the bottom of the dry quenching furnace in the step (5) is 200 ℃ to 400 ℃, and CO is used before the discharge valve2Or water vapor to isolate the outside air.
CN201911262043.6A 2019-12-10 2019-12-10 Method for promoting coal coking and improving gas yield and quality Pending CN111019680A (en)

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