CN111018635A - Falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical cross field of material processing and preparation and pyrotechnic composition. The invention provides a plurality of formulas, namely formula I, fine sand, nitrobamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, potassium benzoate, melamine and a substance A; formula II, expanded perlite, nitrified bamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, stearic acid, melamine and a substance A; according to the invention, raw materials with poor stability such as silver nitrate are not selected, the environment-friendly green characteristic of no smoke and no sulfur is realized during setting off, the firecracker is safe to people, the working state is excellent, the problems of advance or delayed explosion and the like are avoided, the firecracker is smokeless and nontoxic during setting off, and the formula of the obtained firecracker pyrotechnic composition is safer and more green than the traditional formula.

Description

Falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical cross field of material processing and preparation and pyrotechnic composition.

Background

The shatter type firecracker is also called as shatter firecracker. The product is positioned on toy fireworks and crackers according to GB10631-2013 Firework firecracker safety and quality, and is suitable for outdoor open space setting off and close range setting off products. In the amusement, the falling and explosion type firecracker does not need to be ignited, can produce crisp sound when being fallen by hands or being stepped on by feet, and is very popular with children and other people at home and abroad due to strong interest.

With the strengthening of the country to the green environmental protection industry management and the execution of the fireworks and crackers forbidden order, the whole fireworks and crackers industry is affected and gradually moves down the slope. At present, the preparation method of the blasting agent mainly adopts the traditional preparation method, and the method still has the problems of uneven mixing, uneven granulation size, dangerous preparation and the like, and is difficult to achieve the aims of safe production, safe transportation, safe use and safe storage. In order to solve the existing problems, in patent CN201710832505.8, Li Shu et al propose a production method of a child's dried-over-the-counter, which adopts silver nitrate and the like as raw materials and achieves the purpose of product safety through the preparation processes of dissolving, filtering, deacidifying and the like. Wanjunming in its patent CN92102524.6 proposes a new type of pressure-sensitive firecracker and its manufacturing method, in which a thin film is used to seal the air, and the thin film bursts when pressed to generate a detonation. Although the method achieves the purposes of safety and environmental protection, most films have air permeability, so that the falling explosion type has short shelf life, is easy to lose effectiveness in the playing process, has reduced entertainment performance and is difficult to market. Zhanghuliang in its 200420117202.6 patent proposes a new blasting type "pili tadpole" whose medicinal agents are 99% of sand, 0.2% of silver salt, 0.3% of nitric acid and 0.5% of alcohol. However, the intermediate product of the method is silver nitrate, and is extremely easy to poison after long-term contact. Among them, silver nitrate is an environmental pollutant and has poor stability, which is very dangerous in entertainment. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop a shatter type firecracker medicament and a preparation method thereof.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of production and use safety and environmental pollution of the existing falling-explosion type firecracker, and provides a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and a preparation method thereof. The invention provides a novel formula of the shattering type firecracker medicament, and the preparation method is simple to operate, environment-friendly, safe and feasible.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

the formula I comprises fine sand, nitrobamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, potassium benzoate, melamine and a substance A, wherein the mass ratio is (25-40): (10-16): (7-10): (10-16): (12-20): (8-15);

the formula II comprises expanded perlite, nitrified bamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, stearic acid, melamine and a substance A, wherein the mass ratio of the substances is (20-28): (12-15): (15-18): (12-18): (15-20): (10-16);

the substance A is one of starch, phenolic resin, rosin, lactose or white latex;

the stabilizer is one of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate;

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product in a drying oven, and controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be lower than 100 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product is less than 7%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from 60-95% concentrated sulfuric acid and 70-92% concentrated nitric acid; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: (2.2-3.5) and (1.0-2.0);

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers or bamboo fiber products dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature to be lower than 60 ℃, the feeding speed to be 30-180 g/min, the stirring speed to be 60-1200 r/min, taking out after 5-45 min of reaction, and obtaining the nitrated bamboo cellulose after cold water washing; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is (2-20) to (6-80);

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium carbonate solution with the concentration not higher than 18mol/L or a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration not higher than 25mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitrated bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine filled with distilled water or ethanol, preparing the nitrated bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a polyethylene tank or jar; adding distilled water or ethanol into a polyethylene tank or a jar; the distilled water content is not lower than 11%; the ethanol content is not less than 25%.

The bamboo fiber product is bamboo fiber paper or bamboo fiber yarn.

A preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) selecting sand; (2) preparing glue; (3) dispensing and granulating; (4) and (3) mixing materials.

Step (1): selecting fine sand with the particle size of 15-100 meshes;

step (2): weighing the substance A, and preparing to obtain the A glue with the mass percentage concentration of 2-42%.

And (3): except fine sand, other raw materials are weighed according to the formula. Firstly, putting the nitro-bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water or ethanol, beating the nitro-bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitro-bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitro-bamboo cellulose to be not less than 10% by using the distilled water or the ethanol. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a sieve with 15-150 meshes.

The glue A in the step (3) has viscosity, and loss exists on a glue head dropper and a container wall in actual use. The formula is accurate, the actually prepared glue A has a large amount, the glue A is added by adopting a difference method, the dripping termination is determined according to the glue A allowance, and the glue A allowance is determined by the following formula:

M_{dosage of A glue}＝M_{Total amount of A gum}-M_{The balance of A glue}。

Wherein m is_AThe dosage of the substance A in the formula of the dry powder firework is shown, wherein a% is the percentage concentration of the colloid A obtained in the step (2), and M is_{Total amount of A gum}All the weighing items obtained in the step (2) are known items.

And (4): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (3) with the fine sand obtained in the step (1), placing the mixture particles in a shady and cool ventilating place, and airing until the humidity is lower than 5% to obtain the explosive type firecracker medicament;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following steps: (1) preparing glue; (2) dispensing and granulating; (3) drying in the shade.

Step (1): weighing the substance A, and preparing to obtain the A glue with the mass percentage concentration of 2-42%.

Step (2): the step (2) is the same as the step (3) in the first preparation of the formula.

And (3): and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (2) with expanded perlite, placing the mixture particles in a cool and ventilated place, and airing until the humidity is lower than 5% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament.

Advantageous effects

1. The falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of low equipment requirement and simple production process, and are beneficial to industrial production. The medicament prepared by the method has better stability and stability, and is easy to store and safe to transport.

2. The processing process of the falling-explosion type firecracker medicament and the preparation method thereof is safe to people and environment-friendly.

3. The drop-explosion type firecracker medicament and the preparation method thereof are different from the traditional formula, raw materials with poor stability such as silver nitrate and the like are not selected, the firecracker has the environment-friendly and green characteristics of no smoke and no sulfur in the setting-off process, is safe to people, has excellent working state, does not have the problems of explosion advance or delay and the like, is smoke-free and nontoxic in the setting-off process, and the formula of the obtained drop-explosion type firecracker pyrotechnic composition is safer and more green than the traditional formula.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples, which are only a part of examples of the present invention, but not all examples. The invention is within the protection scope based on the embodiments of the invention.

Example 1

A falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

fine sand, nitrified bamboo cellulose, sodium bicarbonate, potassium benzoate, melamine and starch in a mass ratio of 25: 15: 10: 15: 20: 15.

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber in a drying oven, controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be 90 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber is 6%;

step (2): preparing mixed acid solution from concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 75% and concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 85%; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: 3: 1.2;

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature at 50 ℃, the feeding speed at 80g/min, the stirring speed at 100r/min, reacting for 20min, taking out, and washing with cold water to obtain the nitrobamboo cellulose; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is 3: 9.8;

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 16mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitro-bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitro-bamboo cellulose in a distilled water wall breaking machine, preparing the nitro-bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a jar; adding distilled water into the jar to ensure that the distilled water content in the nitrified bamboo cellulose is 12 percent;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) selecting sand; (2) preparing glue; (3) dispensing and granulating; (4) and (3) mixing materials.

Step (1): weighing 250g of clean and dry 60-mesh fine sand for later use;

step (2): 160g of starch is weighed and slowly added into distilled water for stirring to prepare 20 mass percent starch glue M_{Total amount of starch gum}800g for standby.

And (3): weighing 15g of nitrated bamboo cellulose, 100g of sodium bicarbonate, 150g of potassium benzoate and 200g of melamine according to the formula. Placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water, beating the nitrated bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitrated bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitrated bamboo cellulose to 15% by using the distilled water. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a 80-mesh sieve.

And (3) adding the starch glue obtained in the step (2) according to a difference method, and granulating. And (3) putting the starch glue on an electronic balance all the time, wherein the addition amount of the starch is 150g according to the formula, and the amount of the starch glue to be added is as follows:

when the electronic balance displays

At this point, the addition of starch gum is complete. After the granulation process is finished, selecting a 30-mesh sieve and a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the intermediate grain size.

And (4): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (3) with the sand obtained in the step (1), placing the mixture particles in a shady and cool ventilating place, and airing until the humidity is 3% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament;

weighing 5g of falling firecracker samples from the crude product of the falling firecracker medicament, filling powder, testing, wherein the falling height is higher than 150cm, and displaying the result: the gas-liquid separation type gas burner has the advantages of no smoke, no pungent smell, no danger during burning, simple and quick processing technology, no danger during processing, excellent stability of raw materials and products, good working state and no phenomena of advanced explosion or delayed explosion.

Example 2

A falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

fine sand, nitrified bamboo cellulose, sodium bicarbonate, potassium benzoate, melamine and starch in a mass ratio of 40: 10: 10: 13: 16: 11.

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber in a drying oven, controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be 80 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber is 5%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 85% and concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70%; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: 2.8: 1;

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature at 50 ℃, the feeding speed at 40g/min, the stirring speed at 40r/min, reacting for 25min, taking out, and washing with cold water to obtain the nitrobamboo cellulose; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is 3: 8;

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 20mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitro-bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitro-bamboo cellulose in a distilled water wall breaking machine, preparing the nitro-bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a jar; adding distilled water into the jar to ensure that the distilled water content in the nitrified bamboo cellulose is 15 percent;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) selecting sand; (2) preparing glue; (3) dispensing and granulating; (4) and (3) mixing materials.

Step (1): weighing 400g of clean and dry fine sand of 100 meshes for later use;

step (2): weighing 120g of starch, slowly adding the starch into distilled water, stirring, and preparing to obtain 20 mass percent starch glue M_{Total amount of starch gum}600g for standby.

And (3): 100g of nitrated bamboo cellulose, 100g of sodium bicarbonate, 130g of sodium benzoate and 160g of melamine are weighed according to the formula. Placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water, beating the nitrated bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitrated bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitrated bamboo cellulose to 15% by using the distilled water. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.

And (3) adding the starch glue obtained in the step (2) according to a difference method, and granulating. The starch glue in the step (2) is always placed on an electronic balance, and the starch can be obtained according to the formulaThe addition amount of the powder is 110g, and the amount of the starch glue required to be added is as follows:

when the electronic balance displays

At this point, the addition of starch gum is complete. After the granulation process is finished, the particle size of 100 meshes is selected.

And (4): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (3) with the sand obtained in the step (1), placing the mixture particles in a shady and cool ventilating place, and airing until the humidity is 4% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament;

weighing 5g of the falling firecracker sample from the crude product of the falling firecracker medicament, filling the explosive, testing, wherein the falling height is higher than 160cm, and displaying the result: the gas-liquid separation type gas burner has the advantages of no smoke, no pungent smell, no danger during burning, simple and quick processing technology, no danger during processing, excellent stability of raw materials and products, good working state and no phenomena of advanced explosion or delayed explosion.

Example 3

A falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

fine sand, nitrified bamboo cellulose, sodium bicarbonate, potassium benzoate, melamine and starch in a mass ratio of 33: 13: 9: 15: 18: 12.

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber in a drying oven, controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be 90 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber is 5%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 90% and concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70%; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: 2.2: 1;

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature to be 55 ℃, the feeding speed to be 60g/min, the stirring speed to be 100r/min, taking out after reacting for 18min, and obtaining the nitrified bamboo cellulose after washing with cold water; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is 3: 8;

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 20mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitro-bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitro-bamboo cellulose in an ethanol wall breaking machine, preparing the nitro-bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a jar; adding ethanol into the jar to make the ethanol content in the nitrified bamboo cellulose 18%;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) selecting sand; (2) preparing glue; (3) dispensing and granulating; (4) and (3) mixing materials.

Step (1): weighing 330g of clean and dry 100-mesh fine sand for later use;

step (2): weighing 150g of starch, slowly adding the starch into distilled water, stirring, and preparing to obtain 20 mass percent starch glue M_{Total amount of starch gum}750g for standby.

And (3): 130g of nitrated bamboo cellulose, 90g of sodium bicarbonate, 150g of sodium benzoate and 180g of melamine are weighed according to the formula. Placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water, beating the nitrated bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitrated bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitrated bamboo cellulose to 15% by using the distilled water. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.

And (3) adding the starch glue obtained in the step (2) according to a difference method, and granulating. And (3) putting the starch glue on an electronic balance all the time, wherein the addition amount of the starch is 120g according to the formula, and the amount of the starch glue to be added is as follows:

when the electronic balance displays

At this point, the addition of starch gum is complete. After the granulation process is finished, the particle size of 100 meshes is selected.

And (4): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (3) with the sand obtained in the step (1), placing the mixture particles in a shady and cool ventilating place, and airing until the humidity is 4% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament;

weighing 5g of falling firecracker samples from the crude product of the falling firecracker medicament, filling powder, testing, wherein the falling height is higher than 150cm, and displaying the result: the gas-liquid separation type gas burner has the advantages of no smoke, no pungent smell, no danger during burning, simple and quick processing technology, no danger during processing, excellent stability of raw materials and products, good working state and no phenomena of advanced explosion or delayed explosion.

Example 4

A falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

the composite material comprises expanded perlite, nitrified bamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, stearic acid, melamine and starch, wherein the mass ratio is 20: 15: 15: 16: 18: 16.

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber in a drying oven, controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be 90 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber is 5%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 90% and concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 70%; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: 2.2: 1;

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature to be 55 ℃, the feeding speed to be 60g/min, the stirring speed to be 100r/min, taking out after reacting for 18min, and obtaining the nitrified bamboo cellulose after washing with cold water; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is 3: 8;

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 20mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitro-bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitro-bamboo cellulose in an ethanol wall breaking machine, preparing the nitro-bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a jar; adding ethanol into the jar to make the ethanol content in the nitrified bamboo cellulose 18%;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) preparing glue; (2) dispensing and granulating; (3) drying in the shade.

Step (1): 170g of starch is weighed and slowly added into distilled water for stirring to prepare 20 mass percent starch glue M_{Total amount of starch gum}850g for standby.

Step (2): weighing 150g of nitrated bamboo cellulose, 150g of sodium bicarbonate, 160g of stearic acid and 180g of melamine according to the formula. Placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water, beating the nitrated bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitrated bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitrated bamboo cellulose to 15% by using the distilled water. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.

And (3) adding the starch glue obtained in the step (2) according to a difference method, and granulating. And (3) putting the starch glue on an electronic balance all the time, wherein the addition amount of the starch is 160g according to the formula, and the amount of the starch glue to be added is as follows:

when the electronic balance displays

At this point, the addition of starch gum is complete. After the granulation process is finished, the particle size of 100 meshes is selected.

And (3): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (2) with 200g of expanded perlite, placing the mixture particles in a cool and ventilated place, and airing the mixture particles until the humidity is 5% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament;

weighing 5g of falling firecracker samples from the crude product of the falling firecracker medicament, filling powder, testing, wherein the falling height is higher than 150cm, and displaying the result: the gas-liquid separation type gas burner has the advantages of no smoke, no pungent smell, no danger during burning, simple and quick processing technology, no danger during processing, excellent stability of raw materials and products, good working state and no phenomena of advanced explosion or delayed explosion.

Example 5

A falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

expanded perlite, nitrified bamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, stearic acid, melamine and starch, wherein the mass ratio is 28: 12: 15: 15: 16: 14.

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber in a drying oven, controlling the temperature of the drying oven at 80 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber is 2%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 85% and concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 75%; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: 3.5: 2;

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature to be 55 ℃, the feeding speed to be 50g/min, the stirring speed to be 80r/min, taking out after the reaction is carried out for 8min, and obtaining the nitrified bamboo cellulose after cold water washing; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is 3: 7;

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 25mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitro-bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitro-bamboo cellulose in a distilled water wall breaking machine, preparing the nitro-bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a jar; adding distilled water into the jar to ensure that the water content in the nitrated bamboo cellulose is 12 percent;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) preparing glue; (2) dispensing and granulating; (3) drying in the shade.

Step (1): weighing 150g of starch, slowly adding the starch into distilled water, stirring, and preparing to obtain 20 mass percent starch glue M_{Total amount of starch gum}750g for standby.

Step (2): weighing 120g of nitrated bamboo cellulose, 150g of sodium bicarbonate, 150g of stearic acid and 160g of melamine according to the formula. Placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water, beating the nitrated bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitrated bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitrated bamboo cellulose to 12% by using the distilled water. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.

And (3) adding the starch glue obtained in the step (2) according to a difference method, and granulating. And (3) putting the starch glue on an electronic balance all the time, wherein the addition amount of the starch is 140g according to the formula, and the amount of the starch glue to be added is as follows:

when the electronic balance displays

At this point, the addition of starch gum is complete. After the granulation process is finished, the particle size of 100 meshes is selected.

And (3): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (2) with 280g of expanded perlite, placing the mixture particles in a cool and ventilated place, and airing the mixture until the humidity is 5% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament;

weighing 5g of falling firecracker samples from the falling firecracker medicament crude product, charging, testing, wherein the falling height is higher than 140cm, and the result shows that: the gas-liquid separation type gas burner has the advantages of no smoke, no pungent smell, no danger during burning, simple and quick processing technology, no danger during processing, excellent stability of raw materials and products, good working state and no phenomena of advanced explosion or delayed explosion.

Example 6

A falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following components:

the composite material comprises expanded perlite, nitrified bamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, stearic acid, melamine and starch, wherein the mass ratio is 24: 13.5: 16: 16: 17.5: 13.

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber in a drying oven, controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be 85 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber is 4%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from concentrated sulfuric acid with the concentration of 80% and concentrated nitric acid with the concentration of 80%; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: 3: 2;

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature at 45 ℃, the feeding speed at 100g/min, the stirring speed at 120r/min, taking out after 15min of reaction, and washing with cold water to obtain the nitrobamboo cellulose; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is 5: 12;

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration of 25mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitro-bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitro-bamboo cellulose in a distilled water wall breaking machine, preparing the nitro-bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a jar; adding distilled water into the jar to ensure that the water content in the nitrated bamboo cellulose is 15 percent;

a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps: (1) preparing glue; (2) dispensing and granulating; (3) drying in the shade.

Step (1): weighing 150g of starch, slowly adding the starch into distilled water, stirring, and preparing to obtain 25 mass percent starch glue M_{Total amount of starch gum}600g for standby.

Step (2): 135g of nitrated bamboo cellulose, 160g of sodium carbonate, 160g of stearic acid and 175g of melamine are weighed according to the formula. Placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water, beating the nitrated bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitrated bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitrated bamboo cellulose to 15% by using the distilled water. And (3) uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve.

Adding into the step (2) according to a difference method to obtainAnd granulating the obtained starch glue. And (3) putting the starch glue on an electronic balance all the time, wherein the addition amount of the starch is 130g according to the formula, and the amount of the starch glue to be added is as follows:

when the electronic balance displays

At this point, the addition of starch gum is complete. After the granulation process is finished, the particle size of 100 meshes is selected.

And (3): uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (2) with 240g of expanded perlite, placing the mixture particles in a cool and ventilated place, and airing the mixture particles until the humidity is 3% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament;

weighing 5g of the falling firecracker sample from the crude product of the falling firecracker medicament, filling the explosive, testing, wherein the falling height is higher than 120cm, and displaying the result: the gas-liquid separation type gas burner has the advantages of no smoke, no pungent smell, no danger during burning, simple and quick processing technology, no danger during processing, excellent stability of raw materials and products, good working state and no phenomena of advanced explosion or delayed explosion.

The above detailed description is intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above detailed description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a fall and explode type firecracker medicament which characterized in that: the formula is as follows: fine sand, nitrobamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, potassium benzoate, melamine and a substance A, wherein the mass ratio is (25-40): (10-16): (7-10): (10-16): (12-20): (8-15);

the substance A is one of starch, phenolic resin, rosin, lactose or white latex;

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product in a drying oven, and controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be lower than 100 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product is less than 7%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from 60-95% concentrated sulfuric acid and 70-92% concentrated nitric acid; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: (2.2-3.5) and (1.0-2.0);

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers or bamboo fiber products dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature to be lower than 60 ℃, the feeding speed to be 30-180 g/min, the stirring speed to be 60-1200 r/min, taking out after 5-45 min of reaction, and obtaining the nitrated bamboo cellulose after cold water washing; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is (2-20) to (6-80);

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium carbonate solution with the concentration not higher than 18mol/L or a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration not higher than 25mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitrated bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine filled with distilled water or ethanol, preparing the nitrated bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a polyethylene tank or jar; adding distilled water or ethanol into a polyethylene tank or a jar; the distilled water content is not lower than 11%; the ethanol content is not less than 25%.

2. The utility model provides a fall and explode type firecracker medicament which characterized in that: the formula is as follows: the composite material comprises expanded perlite, nitrified bamboo cellulose, a stabilizer, stearic acid, melamine and a substance A, wherein the mass ratio is (20-28): (12-15): (15-18): (12-18): (15-20): (10-16);

the substance A is one of starch, phenolic resin, rosin, lactose or white latex;

the preparation method of the nitrified bamboo cellulose comprises the following steps:

step (1): placing the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product in a drying oven, and controlling the temperature of the drying oven to be lower than 100 ℃ until the moisture content of the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product is less than 7%;

step (2): preparing a mixed acid solution from 60-95% concentrated sulfuric acid and 70-92% concentrated nitric acid; the mass ratio of the concentrated sulfuric acid to the concentrated nitric acid is as follows: (2.2-3.5) and (1.0-2.0);

and (3): adding the bamboo fibers or bamboo fiber products dried in the step (1) into the mixed acid solution in the step (2); controlling the reaction temperature to be lower than 60 ℃, the feeding speed to be 30-180 g/min, the stirring speed to be 60-1200 r/min, taking out after 5-45 min of reaction, and obtaining the nitrated bamboo cellulose after cold water washing; the mass ratio of the bamboo fiber or the bamboo fiber product to the concentrated nitric acid in the mixed acid solution is (2-20) to (6-80);

and (4): putting the nitrified bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (3) into a container, and pouring a sodium carbonate solution with the concentration not higher than 18mol/L or a sodium bicarbonate solution with the concentration not higher than 25mol/L into the container until the solution is neutral;

and (5): taking out the nitrated bamboo cellulose obtained in the step (4), placing the nitrated bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine filled with distilled water or ethanol, preparing the nitrated bamboo cellulose into powder, filtering, drying, and storing in a polyethylene tank or jar; adding distilled water or ethanol into a polyethylene tank or a jar; the distilled water content is not lower than 11%; the ethanol content is not less than 25%.

3. The medicament of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the stabilizer is one of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

4. The medicament of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the bamboo fiber product is bamboo fiber paper or bamboo fiber yarn.

5. A process for preparing the medicament of claim 1, wherein: a preparation method of a falling-explosion type firecracker medicament comprises the following specific preparation steps:

step (1): selecting fine sand with the particle size of 15-100 meshes;

step (2): weighing the substance A, and preparing to obtain glue A with the mass percentage concentration of 2-42%;

and (3): weighing other raw materials according to the formula except the fine sand; firstly, putting the nitro-bamboo cellulose in a wall breaking machine containing 2/3 distilled water or ethanol, beating the nitro-bamboo cellulose into cotton floccule, filtering to obtain the nitro-bamboo cellulose, and adjusting the humidity of the nitro-bamboo cellulose to be not less than 10% by using the distilled water or the ethanol; uniformly mixing the nitrified bamboo cellulose with other raw materials to obtain a mixture, slowly dropwise adding the glue A obtained in the step (2), granulating, and after the granulation is finished, sieving by using a sieve with 15-150 meshes;

the glue A in the step (3) has viscosity, and loss exists on a rubber head dropper and the wall of the container in actual use; the formula is accurate, the actually prepared glue A has a large amount, the glue A is added by adopting a difference method, the dripping termination is determined according to the glue A allowance, and the glue A allowance is determined by the following formula:

M_{dosage of A glue}＝M_{Total amount of A gum}-M_{The balance of A glue}；

Wherein m is_AThe dosage of the substance A in the formula of the dry powder firework is shown, wherein a% is the percentage concentration of the colloid A obtained in the step (2), and M is_{Total amount of A gum}All the items are known and obtained by weighing in the step (2);

and (4): and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (3) with the fine sand obtained in the step (1), placing the mixture in a shady and cool ventilating place, and airing until the humidity is lower than 5% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament.

6. A method of preparing the medicament of claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

step (1): weighing the substance A, and preparing to obtain glue A with the mass percentage concentration of 2-42%;

step (2): the step (2) is the same as the step (3) in the first preparation step of the formula;

and (3): and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture particles obtained in the step (2) with expanded perlite, placing the mixture particles in a cool and ventilated place, and airing until the humidity is lower than 5% to obtain the shatter type firecracker medicament.