CN111018190A - Acid mine wastewater treatment method based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control - Google Patents
Acid mine wastewater treatment method based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control, which comprises the following steps: dividing an acid mine wastewater treatment site into 6 sections along the wastewater flowing direction, namely a first neutralization reaction section, a first in-situ layer section, a second neutralization reaction section, a second in-situ layer section, a metal ion adsorption section and a final monitoring section; a groove body a is excavated in the first neutralization reaction section, a groove body b is excavated in the second neutralization reaction section, and a groove body c is excavated in the metal ion adsorption section; a reinforcement cage filled with backfill A is filled in the tank body a; a reinforcement cage filled with backfill B is filled in the tank body B; and filling backfill soil C into the tank body C. The method is simple and feasible in total, can neutralize the acid mine wastewater, effectively removes various heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater, is low in maintenance cost, has popularization in practical engineering, and has important engineering significance and theoretical research value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geological engineering technology or underground water treatment, in particular to a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence control.
Background
China is one of the most abundant and abundant countries in the world, and as the year of 2018, 173 kinds of mineral products including 162 mineral products with proven reserves are found in China. The industrial technology revolution will continue to promote the deep development of mineral resources in our country. Meanwhile, the environmental problems caused by the development of mineral resources are becoming more severe. Mine wastewater is one of the main pollution sources of mine environment, wherein the acid mine wastewater has the widest pollution range and the greatest harm degree. The sulfur-containing minerals in the ore deposit, the surrounding rock of mining, the waste rock pile and the tailing pond are oxidized and decomposed under the ventilation condition and then are washed by rain water to form low-pH ions (Zn) containing various heavy metal ions2+、Cu2+、Pb2+、Cd2+、As2+) The acidic wastewater of (2). The acid mine wastewater can acidify the surface water and underground water, the growth and reproduction of aquatic organisms are influenced, heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater can cause soil body acidification and poisoning, vegetation is withered and dead, and finally the heavy metal ions enter a human body through a food chain, so that the health of the human body is harmed. Therefore, in recent years, much research has been focused on the intensive disposal of acidic mine wastewater.
At present, the treatment methods of acid mine wastewater are roughly divided into four types: chemical neutralization, microbiological, artificial wet land and adsorption. The chemical neutralization method is to neutralize acid mine wastewater by adding alkaline substances such as limestone, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and the like, and to make heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater form insoluble hydroxide precipitate. The microbiological method is generally to purify acidic mine wastewater by reducing sulfate to sulfide with microorganisms such as sulfate-reducing bacteria to produce heavy metal sulfide precipitate. The constructed wetland is a wastewater treatment community formed by soil, plants and microorganisms, and the acidic mine wastewater flows through the soil and the plants to undergo adsorption, precipitation, ion exchange and complexation and undergo biodegradation reaction under the action of the microorganisms, so that the effects of improving pH and removing heavy metal ions are achieved. The adsorption method generally adopts adsorbents such as zeolite, activated carbon, clay mineral, chitin and the like to remove heavy metal ions in the acidic wastewater. Different adsorbents have different adsorption mechanisms, so that the difference of the adsorption effects of different adsorbents on different heavy metal pollutants is large. The method has certain effect on treating the acid mine wastewater, but in general, the following problems still exist:
(1) the chemical neutralization method needs to consume a plurality of chemical reagents, has higher cost and large difference of the completion degree of different heavy metal ion precipitates, and the calcium sulfate precipitates generated by the acid-base reaction are wrapped on the surface of a neutralizer, so that the reaction rate is reduced, and meanwhile, the calcium sulfate waste residue causes secondary pollution and increases the treatment cost.
(2) The microbiological method comprises the following steps: when certain microorganisms are used for purifying wastewater, external carbon sources are required to be provided, and the problem of domestication of the microorganisms also limits the wide application of the microbial method.
(3) The artificial wetland method comprises the following steps: the control is difficult, the corresponding treatment effect can be achieved only in a certain time, the occupied area is large, the hydrogen sulfide treatment is not thorough, and the atmospheric pollution is easy to cause.
(4) An adsorption method: in actual engineering, the acidic mine wastewater is complex in composition, often contains various heavy metal ions and other pollutants, is not obvious in effect only by adopting an adsorption method, and cannot effectively reduce the acidity of the mine wastewater.
In order to solve the problems, a method for treating the acidic mine wastewater, which is simple and feasible in overall, can neutralize the acidic mine wastewater, effectively remove various heavy metal ions in the acidic mine wastewater, is low in maintenance cost and has popularization in practical engineering, needs to be found.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on multi-stage time sequence control of an engineering barrier, which is simple and feasible in whole, can neutralize the acid mine wastewater, effectively remove various heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater, is low in maintenance cost, has popularization in practical engineering and has important engineering significance and theoretical research value, aiming at the technical problems of high treatment cost, limited treatment effect, large occupied area and the like in the treatment of the acid mine wastewater by the traditional method.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control, which comprises the following steps:
s1, dividing the acid mine wastewater treatment site into 6 sections along the wastewater flowing direction, namely a first neutralization reaction section, a first in-situ layer section, a second neutralization reaction section, a second in-situ layer section, a metal ion adsorption section and a final monitoring section;
s2, excavating a groove body a in the first neutralization reaction section, excavating a groove body b in the second neutralization reaction section, and excavating a groove body c in the metal ion adsorption section;
s3, filling a steel reinforcement cage filled with backfill A in the tank body a, wherein the backfill A comprises 35-40 wt% of red clay, 50-60 wt% of fly ash and 5-10 wt% of bentonite;
filling a reinforcement cage filled with backfill B in the tank body B, wherein the backfill B comprises 60-70 wt% of red clay, 20-25 wt% of fly ash and 10-15 wt% of bentonite;
and filling backfill soil C in the tank body C, wherein the backfill soil C comprises 70-90 wt% of red clay and 10-30 wt% of bentonite.
In the method, the tank body a, the tank body b and the tank body c in the step S2 are excavated to the top of the impervious layer.
In the above method, further, the widths of the tank body a, the tank body b and the tank body c in S2 are 0.5m to 2 m.
In the method, further, monitoring wells are arranged in the first in-situ interval, the second in-situ interval and the final monitoring section.
In the method, more than 3 monitoring wells are arranged in the first and second in-situ intervals, and four monitoring wells are arranged in the final monitoring interval.
In the method, the compaction degree of the backfill soil A in the groove body a is 80-90%.
In the method, the compaction degree of the backfill soil B in the groove body B is 90-94%.
In the method, the compaction degree of the backfill soil C in the groove body C is more than 94%.
In the method, the reinforcement cage further comprises a reinforcement cage body 10 and a hanging ring 11, and the hanging ring 11 is arranged at the top of the reinforcement cage body 10.
In the method, the surface of the reinforcement cage body 10 is covered with geotextile 12.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on multistage time sequence resistance of an engineering barrier. The method is used for in-situ remediation of the mine acid wastewater polluted site, avoids the practical problems of the traditional method for treating acid mine wastewater, and has the advantages of good remediation effect on acid wastewater and heavy metal pollutants, economy, easy splicing of walls, reproducibility of the walls into belt-shaped rings, convenience for site construction, sustainable remediation and the like. The method has great theoretical and practical significance in the field of mine environment restoration and treatment.
(2) The invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control, which has the advantages of good remediation effect on acid wastewater and heavy metal pollutants, economy, simplicity, practicability, easy splicing and copying of a wall body into a belt shape or a ring shape, replaceable wall body, convenience for field construction, sustainable remediation and the like. Therefore, the method has a great application value in the practice of remediation engineering of acid mine wastewater and heavy metal contaminated sites.
(3) The invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance, wherein backfill soil adopted in a neutralization reaction wall comprises fly ash, bentonite and red clay, wherein calcium oxide and silicon dioxide in the fly ash are high in components and are strong in basicity, and the acid mine wastewater can be neutralized. The bentonite and the red clay contain a large amount of montmorillonite and kaolinite minerals, have larger specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, and can adsorb heavy metal ions in various acidic mine wastewater, so the method can completely purify the acidic mine wastewater. Meanwhile, the red clay is widely distributed in the south of the Yangtze river of China, can be obtained from local materials, has high strength, easy forming and good compactibility, and has certain heavy metal ion adsorption capacity; the fly ash belongs to industrial solid waste, and contains pollutants such as heavy metals; the bentonite has larger specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, has the adsorption rate of more than 90 percent on various heavy metal ions, and can be purchased commercially. The engineering barrier wall material has wide source, can be obtained from local materials, and has low manufacturing cost. Therefore, the method has higher economic benefit.
(4) The invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control. After leaching of the acidic wastewater, on the one hand, the acidic wastewater is neutralized by alkaline substances in the fly ash; on the other hand, heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater and the fly ash are finally adsorbed by the wall body of the bentonite-red clay engineering barrier and then blocked in the wall body, and the heavy metals in the wall body and the wall body can be recovered or otherwise treated through processes such as lifting, replacement and the like, so that the method realizes the synergistic treatment of the fly ash-acid mine wastewater, treats waste with waste, achieves the aims of harmlessness, reduction and recycling in solid waste treatment, and realizes the innovative utilization of solid waste resources.
(5) The invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control. The steel reinforcement cage is provided with the hanging rings 11 and is fully hung with the geotextile 12, and when the service life of the wall reaches the limit, the steel reinforcement cage is integrally lifted by a crane to replace barrier materials to form a new wall, so that the method can continuously neutralize the acid mine wastewater. The reinforcement cages filled with the backfill soil are spliced to form a vertical engineering barrier, and can be copied into a belt shape or a ring shape. The filling and compacting wall forming process is simple, the later maintenance cost is low, and the method has practical popularization value.
(6) The invention provides a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control, wherein the proportion of backfill components in different sections is changed, and the method is more favorable for adsorption of heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an acid mine wastewater polluted site.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of soil trench excavation.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a reinforcement cage.
FIG. 5 shows the final pH monitoring data of section VI of backfill A of example 3 under different compaction conditions.
The above figures have: 1. a soil tank; 2. excavating a surface; 3. a water impermeable layer; 4. an aqueous layer; 5. a first neutralization reaction section; 6. an in situ layer section; 7. a second neutralization reaction section; 8. a metal ion adsorption section; 9. monitoring points; 10. reinforcing steel bars; 11. a hoisting ring; 12. and (4) geotextile.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Modifications or substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art; all reagents used in the examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The percentage "%" referred to in the present invention means mass% unless otherwise specified; but the percentage of the solution, unless otherwise specified, refers to the grams of solute contained in 100ml of the solution.
The weight parts in the invention can be the weight units known in the art such as mu g, mg, g, kg, and the like, and can also be multiples thereof, such as 1/10, 1/100, 10, 100, and the like.
Example 1:
a method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control adopts a process shown in figure 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, the acid mine wastewater treatment site is divided into 6 sections along the wastewater flowing direction, and referring to fig. 2, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the section I is a first neutralization reaction section for arranging a neutralization reaction wall 1;
the section II is an in-situ layer section;
the III section is used for laying a second neutralization reaction section of the neutralization reaction wall 2;
the IV section is an original stratum section, and 3 monitoring points are arranged in the section;
the section V is used for laying a metal ion adsorption section of the red clay-bentonite engineering barrier;
and the VI section is a final monitoring section, and 4 monitoring points are distributed.
(2) And respectively excavating grooves a, b and c in the sections I, III and V by using mechanical equipment. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of soil trench excavation.
The tank bodies a, b and c are all excavated to the top of the lower covering impervious layer, and the width of the tank bodies is 0.5-2 m. The groove body is excavated to the top of the impervious layer so as to prevent the acid mine wastewater from seepage and diffusion from the lower part of the barrier, thereby enlarging the pollution range. The width of the tank body is specified to neutralize the acid mine wastewater and adsorb heavy metal ions to the maximum extent.
(3) Preparing a reinforcement cage: referring to fig. 4, a reinforcement cage body 10 of a net structure is prepared by using reinforcement pipes, and a hoisting ring 11 is installed above the reinforcement cage body 10. When the acid mine wastewater flows through the sections I and III, the acid mine wastewater and alkaline substances in the neutralization reaction wall are subjected to acid-base neutralization reaction, so that the neutralization reaction wall has a certain service life. In order to ensure the continuous effectiveness of the method, the mixed soil is filled into the reinforcement cage, and after the neutralization reaction wall fails, the reinforcement cage is integrally lifted by a crane on site to replace the filled soil in the reinforcement cage.
The surface of the reinforcement cage body 10 is covered with geotextile 12. The geotextile has good water guide performance, and is beneficial to fully reacting the acid mine wastewater with alkaline substances in the neutralization reaction wall body so as to neutralize the acid mine wastewater to the maximum extent. Meanwhile, the geotextile covering the surface of the reinforcement cage can prevent water flow from directly scouring and eroding the engineering barrier wall, prevent the loss of materials in the operation process of the wall and ensure the integrity of the wall.
Further, the thickness of the reinforcement cage is smaller than the width of the soil tank (so as to meet the requirement of later filling).
(4) Preparing backfill soil; backfill soil A in the groove body a of the section I consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the mass ratio of the backfill soil A to the fly ash to the bentonite is 40: 50: 10, so that a neutralization reaction wall 1 is formed;
backfill soil B in the groove body B of the section III consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio of the backfill soil B to the groove body B is 60: 25: 15, so that a neutralization reaction wall 2 is formed;
and backfilling soil C in the groove body C of the section V consists of red clay and bentonite in a mass ratio of 70: 30 to form a red clay-bentonite engineering barrier.
And fully stirring the backfilled soil to uniformly mix the backfilled soil. The fly ash is alkaline, can neutralize acid mine wastewater, and heavy metal ions in the fly ash are leached out under an acid condition and are finally adsorbed by red clay and bentonite. Bentonite is clay with montmorillonite as main mineral and has water swelling capacity, great specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, so that it has low permeability, high adsorptivity to heavy metal ion and capacity of retarding outward migration of pollutant. The backfill in the tank bodies of the sections I and III both contain fly ash, but the contents of the fly ash are different. The section I is used for arranging a neutralization reaction wall 1 and mainly used for neutralizing acid mine wastewater, so that the proportion of fly ash in the backfill soil is large; and the section III is used for arranging a neutralization reaction wall 2, the doped fly ash is used for neutralizing the acid wastewater in a second stage, and the second stage neutralization reaction wall is mainly used for adsorbing heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater and heavy metal ions leached from the fly ash, so that the mass ratio of bentonite in the backfill soil is large, and the mass ratio of the fly ash is small.
(5) Compacting the backfill soil prepared in the step 4 into blocks, and placing the blocks into corresponding reinforcement cages and the groove bodies in a partitioning manner, wherein the compaction degree of the backfill soil A in the groove body a is 90%; the compaction degree of the backfill soil B in the groove body B is 94 percent; the degree of compaction of the backfill soil C in the groove body C is 98%.
In the process of compacting the backfill soil, certain compaction degree is required to be achieved for different sections so as to ensure that the wall has higher strength and relatively lower permeability. The compactness of the neutralization reaction wall 1 in the section I cannot be too small and cannot be too large. When the compaction degree is too high, the acid mine wastewater cannot smoothly pass through the first barrier, and the subsequent barrier cannot play a role, so that the treatment effect of the method on the acid mine wastewater is reduced. The compactness can not be too small so as to neutralize the acid mine wastewater to the maximum extent and ensure that the acid mine wastewater has certain hydraulic retention time so as to be fully reacted.
(6) And (3) putting the reinforcement cages filled with the backfill soil into the excavation groove bodies of the section I and the section III by using a crane on site, and splicing the reinforcement cages into a belt shape or a ring shape.
(7) 3 monitoring points are respectively arranged in the section II and the section IV, and 4 monitoring points are distributed in the section VI and are used for monitoring the change condition of the pH value and the heavy metal ion concentration of the acidic mine wastewater after passing through the neutralization reaction wall. And constructing a vertical monitoring well at the monitoring point position, and taking underground water samples at different monitoring point positions at certain intervals. And (3) carrying out chemical component analysis on the water sample, testing the pH value of the water sample and the concentration of the corresponding heavy metal ions, and obtaining the distribution rule of the concentration of pollutants in the water sample at different positions and the pH value along with time. The monitoring results are used to guide the barrier material proportioning, compaction, thickness and width design.
The final monitoring result is shown in table 1, and the monitoring value of each section is the average value of all the monitoring point data in the section.
Table 1: results of each section monitoring
From the results of table 1, it can be seen that: because the clay content in the neutralization reaction wall 1 is very low, the difference between the heavy metal ion concentration monitoring value in the section II and the concentration value before treatment is not large. However, after the acid mine wastewater flows through the neutralization reaction wall 2 and the red clay-bentonite engineering barrier, the concentration of heavy metal ions is significantly reduced, which indicates that the red clay-bentonite engineering barrier has a good effect of adsorbing heavy metal ions. After the acid mine wastewater flows through the multi-stage barriers, acid-base neutralization reaction occurs, the pH value is increased to 7.56 from an initial value of 2.43, and the treated acid mine wastewater is almost neutral.
Example 2:
the influence of backfill with different components and different contents in the engineering barrier wall on the acid mine wastewater treatment is investigated: three experimental groups were set up:
experiment group one: backfill soil A in the groove body a of the section I consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio is 30: 60: 10; backfill soil B in the groove body B of the section III consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio is 60: 25: 15; the backfill soil C in the groove body C of the section V consists of red clay and bentonite in a mass ratio of 90: 10.
Experiment group two: backfill soil A in the groove body a of the section I consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio is 30: 55: 15; backfill soil B in the groove body B of the section III consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio is 65: 20: 15; the backfill soil C in the groove body C of the section V consists of red clay and bentonite in a mass ratio of 80: 20.
Experiment group three: backfill soil A in the groove body a of the section I consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio is 30: 50: 20; backfill soil B in the groove body B of the section III consists of red clay, fly ash and bentonite, and the corresponding mass ratio is 65: 20: 15; and backfill soil C in the groove body C of the section V consists of red clay and bentonite in a mass ratio of 70: 30.
The remaining parameters of the experimental group described above are in accordance with example 1.
The Cu (mg/L) concentration at each stage was examined, and the results are shown in Table 2.
The experimental results are as follows:
table 2: results of each section monitoring
| Item | Before treatment | Section II | Section IV | VI section |
| Experiment set 1 | 2.5 | 2.43 | 1.62 | 0.50 |
| Experiment ofGroup two | 2.5 | 2.39 | 1.44 | 0.47 |
| Experiment group III | 2.5 | 1.38 | 0.84 | 0.012 |
From the results of the above table, it can be seen that:
backfilling A: in the experimental groups I to III, the mixing amount of the bentonite in the backfill soil A is gradually increased, and the mixing amount of the fly ash is gradually reduced. When the fly ash doping amount in the backfill soil A is 60%, the Cu mass concentration in the acid mine wastewater treated by the neutralization reaction wall 1 of the section I is reduced from 2.5mg/L to 2.43 mg/L; however, when the fly ash loading in A was 50%, the Cu mass concentration decreased to 1.38mg/L.
The backfill soil A is doped with a certain amount of bentonite, and has a certain adsorption effect on heavy metal ions. However, under acidic conditions, the heavy metal ions in the fly ash are leached out, and the concentration of the heavy metal ions in the wastewater is obviously increased. Therefore, the less the fly ash content in A, the lower the mass concentration of Cu in the acidic mine wastewater after being treated by the neutralization reaction wall 1 of the section I. But the doping amount of the fly ash cannot be too low, otherwise, the acid wastewater cannot be fully neutralized. In summary, the doping ratio of the fly ash in the backfill soil A is preferably 50-60%.
Backfilling B: in the experiment groups I, II and III, after the acid mine wastewater passes through the neutralization reaction wall 2, compared with the section II, the mass concentration of Cu in the section IV is reduced by 0.81, 0.95 and 0.54mg/L respectively.
The higher the clay content in the backfill B is, the better the treatment effect of the section III neutralization reaction wall 2 on heavy metal ions is, and the more remarkable the reduction of the mass concentration of Cu is. In the second and third experimental groups, the clay doping amount of the backfill B is consistent, but compared with the second experimental group, the mass concentration of Cu in the acidic mine wastewater in the third experimental group is not obviously reduced after being treated by the section iii neutralization reaction wall 2, which may be because the backfill a in the third experimental group contains more bentonite and absorbs more heavy metal Cu in the acidic wastewater.
Backfilling C: along with the increase of the mixing amount of the bentonite, the mass concentration of Cu in the treated wastewater is gradually reduced, and when the mixing ratio of the bentonite is 10%, the mass concentration of Cu in the wastewater is reduced from 2.5mg/L to 0.50mg/L (section VI), so that the wastewater discharge standard is met. However, the decrease of the Cu mass concentration was gradually decreased as the bentonite addition ratio was increased, and when the bentonite addition ratio was 30%, the Cu mass concentration in the treated wastewater was 0.012 mg/L. Considering the waste water treating effect and cost comprehensively, the bentonite doping ratio in the section VI is preferably 10-30 wt%.
The red clay-bentonite engineering barrier wall body arranged in the section VI can absorb heavy metal ions in the acid mine wastewater and heavy metal ions leached from the fly ash, and plays a vital role in the harmless treatment of the acid mine wastewater. Bentonite is clay with montmorillonite as main mineral and has water swelling capacity, great specific surface area and cation exchange capacity, so that the bentonite doping ratio will affect the adsorption performance of red clay-bentonite engineering barrier wall to heavy metal ion obviously.
Example 3:
see the method of example 1, with the difference that: (5) compacting the backfill soil prepared in the step 4 into blocks, and placing the blocks into corresponding reinforcement cages and groove bodies, wherein the compaction degrees of the backfill soil A in the reinforcement cages are respectively set to be 80%, 90% and 94%; the compaction degree of the backfill soil B is 94 percent; the degree of compaction of the backfill soil C in the groove body C is 98%.
FIG. 5 shows the final pH monitoring data for sections VI of backfill A at different compaction levels.
As can be seen from fig. 5: when the compaction degree of the backfill soil A is 80%, the mixed soil has large pores, the retention time of the acid wastewater in the first neutralization reaction section is short, the acid mine wastewater is not completely neutralized, and the final monitoring value of the pH is less than 7 (4.62). When the degree of compaction of the backfill is 94%, the pH value is greater than 7(8.31), indicating that the acid mine wastewater is fully reacted with the fly ash and the wastewater is completely neutralized. However, the compactness is 94%, the first neutralization reaction section has small medium material pore, compact wall and low permeability coefficient, and the subsequent heavy metal ion adsorption barrier cannot normally play a role, so that the treatment effect of the method on the acid mine wastewater is weakened.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, dividing the acid mine wastewater treatment site into 6 sections along the wastewater flowing direction, namely a first neutralization reaction section, a first in-situ layer section, a second neutralization reaction section, a second in-situ layer section, a metal ion adsorption section and a final monitoring section;
s2, excavating a groove body a in the first neutralization reaction section, excavating a groove body b in the second neutralization reaction section, and excavating a groove body c in the metal ion adsorption section;
s3, filling a steel reinforcement cage filled with backfill A in the tank body a, wherein the backfill A comprises 35-40 wt% of red clay, 50-60 wt% of fly ash and 5-10 wt% of bentonite;
filling a reinforcement cage filled with backfill B in the tank body B, wherein the backfill B comprises 60-70 wt% of red clay, 20-25 wt% of fly ash and 10-15 wt% of bentonite;
and filling backfill soil C in the tank body C, wherein the backfill soil C comprises 70-90 wt% of red clay and 10-30 wt% of bentonite.
2. The acid mine wastewater treatment method based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tank body a, the tank body b and the tank body c in S2 are excavated to the top of the impervious layer.
3. The acid mine wastewater treatment method based on the engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the widths of the tank body a, the tank body b and the tank body c in S2 are 0.5-2 m.
4. The method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein monitoring wells are arranged in the first in-situ interval, the second in-situ interval and the final monitoring section.
5. The method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence control according to claim 4, wherein more than 3 monitoring wells are arranged in the first and second in-situ intervals, and four monitoring wells are arranged in the final monitoring section.
6. The method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compaction degree of the backfill soil A in the groove body a is 80% -90%.
7. The method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compaction degree of the backfill soil B in the groove body B is 90% -94%.
8. The method for treating acid mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence control as claimed in claim 1, wherein the degree of compaction of the backfill soil C in the tank C is > 94%.
9. The acid mine wastewater treatment method based on the engineering barrier multi-stage time sequence control according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the reinforcement cage comprises a reinforcement cage body (10) and a lifting ring (11), and the lifting ring (11) is arranged on the top of the reinforcement cage body (10).
10. The method for treating acidic mine wastewater based on engineering barrier multistage time sequence control as claimed in claim 9, wherein the surface of the reinforcement cage body (10) is covered with geotextile (12).
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