CN111016203B - PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111016203B
CN111016203B CN201911315033.4A CN201911315033A CN111016203B CN 111016203 B CN111016203 B CN 111016203B CN 201911315033 A CN201911315033 A CN 201911315033A CN 111016203 B CN111016203 B CN 111016203B
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pressure
temperature
stage
psi
duration
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CN111016203A (en
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江溪
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Guangzhou Renolit Plastic Co ltd
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Guangzhou Renolit Plastic Co ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/001Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore a shaping technique combined with cutting, e.g. in parts or slices combined with rearranging and joining the cut parts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/22Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of indefinite length
    • B29C43/24Calendering
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9241Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force or the mechanical power
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/944Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by controlling or regulating the time
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2027/00Use of polyvinylhalogenides or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2027/06PVC, i.e. polyvinylchloride
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/002Panels; Plates; Sheets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00Layered products

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a PVC sheet, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, and stacking and fixing the sheets on a steel plate; (2) putting the materials into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing in six stages, wherein the first stage comprises the following steps: the pressure is 500-900 psi, the temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min; and a second stage: the pressure is 600-1050 psi, the temperature is 155-185 ℃, and the duration is 5-15 min; and a third stage: the pressure is 700-1200 psi, the temperature is 165-195 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min; a fourth stage: the pressure is 800-1350 psi, the temperature is 175-200 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min; the fifth stage: the pressure is 950-1500 psi, the temperature is 180-210 ℃, and the duration is 5-15 min; the sixth stage: the pressure is 1100-1800 psi, the temperature is 185-220 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min; (3) and cooling and relieving pressure to obtain the PVC sheet. The PVC sheet prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of glass and plastic, is ultra-transparent and not easy to break, has good weather resistance and flame retardance, and can be used for replacing glass on windows of yachts and sports cars.

Description

PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a PVC sheet and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of PVC sheets.
Background
Polyvinyl chloride plastic is a polymer prepared by free radical polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer, is called PVC for short, is one of the plastic products with the largest yield in the world, and has wide application in the aspects of building materials, industrial products, daily necessities, floor leathers, floor tiles, artificial leather, pipes, electric wires and cables, packaging films, bottles, foaming materials, sealing materials, fibers and the like.
In view of the problems of easy breakage and high price of glass during transportation and use, and the good toughness and economy of plastic, plastic has long been one of the breakthrough directions considered as a substitute. However, the ultra-thick PVC sheet produced by the existing PVC calendering process cannot be compared with glass in terms of transparency, haze, crystal points, flow marks, surface luminosity and the like. The problems of crystal points, transparency and the like cannot be solved through a common laminating process, so that PVC cannot break through the problem of solving the substitute glass in practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the PVC sheet and the preparation method thereof, the PVC sheet has the advantages of glass and plastic, is ultra-transparent and not easy to break, has good weather resistance and flame retardance, and can replace glass on windows of yachts and sports cars.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a preparation method of a PVC sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, and stacking and fixing the sheets on a steel plate;
(2) putting the mixture into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing the mixture in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500-900 psi, the temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 600-1050 psi, the temperature is 155-185 ℃, and the duration is 5-15 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 700-1200 psi, the temperature is 165-195 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 800-1350 psi, the temperature is 175-200 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
the fifth stage: the pressure is 950-1500 psi, the temperature is 180-210 ℃, and the duration is 5-15 min;
the sixth stage: the pressure is 1100-1800 psi, the temperature is 185-220 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
(3) and cooling and relieving pressure to obtain the PVC sheet.
The invention utilizes a double-sided ultra-bright steel plate to cut a PVC film produced by rolling into sheets, the cut sheet PVC films are simultaneously attached to the steel plate in single layer or multiple layers, the sheets are placed into a laminating machine after being fixed, and after the high-temperature and high-pressure secondary processing for a long time (generally from heating to complete cooling for about 3 hours), the ultra-thick ultra-transparent PVC sheets with crystal points, flow marks and other defects on double sides are obtained through a laminating process, and the specification thickness is different from 0.5 to 1.5 mm. The laminated PVC sheet has the advantages of glass and plastic, is ultra-transparent and not easy to break, has good weather resistance and flame retardance, and can be used for replacing glass on windows of yachts and sports cars.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing the PVC sheet according to the present invention, in the step (1), the calendered PVC film is stacked in a single layer or multiple layers on the steel sheet.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for preparing the PVC sheet of the present invention, in the step (1), the PVC rolled film is fixed to the upper and lower sides by steel plates.
Preferably, in the step (1), a steel plate is placed on the tray, then the cut sheets are stacked on the steel plate, 1-3 PVC sheets can be placed on each steel plate according to the thickness change, then the steel plate is laid, then the PVC sheets are stacked on the steel plate, and the above steps are repeated, so that the number of the steel plates in a tray is 12, the PVC sheets are placed between the steel plates, and 20 tray products can be produced at one time.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for producing the PVC sheet according to the present invention, in the step (2), the temperature and pressure are raised in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500-600 psi, the temperature is 135 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 600-700 psi, the temperature is 177 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 700-800 psi, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 800-900 psi, the temperature is 193 ℃, and the duration is 10 min;
the fifth stage: the pressure is 950-1050 psi, the temperature is 199 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
the sixth stage: the pressure is 1100-1200 psi, the temperature is 204 ℃, and the duration is 10 min.
The pressure at each stage is different according to the thickness of the finished product, and the thicker the product, the greater the pressure.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the PVC sheet, in the step (3), the temperature is reduced to 32 ℃ for 50-90 min.
As a preferred embodiment of the preparation method of the PVC sheet, the duration is 50 min.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a PVC sheet prepared by the preparation method of the PVC sheet.
In a preferred embodiment of the PVC sheet of the present invention, the thickness of the PVC sheet is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the PVC sheet prepared by the preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of glass and plastic, is ultra-transparent and not easy to break, has good weather resistance and flame retardance, and can be used for replacing glass on windows of yachts and sports cars.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A preparation method of a PVC sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, stacking the sheets on a steel plate for fixing, and fixing the upper part and the lower part of the PVC calendered film by the steel plate;
(2) putting the mixture into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing the mixture in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500psi, the temperature is 120 deg.C, and the duration is 5 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 600psi, the temperature is 155 deg.C, and the duration is 5 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 700psi, the temperature is 165 deg.C, and the duration is 5 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 800psi, the temperature is 175 deg.C, and the duration is 5 min;
the fifth stage: pressure of 950psi, temperature of 180 deg.C, and duration of 5 min;
the sixth stage: pressure 1100psi, temperature 185 deg.C, duration 5 min;
(3) cooling to 32 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, and relieving the pressure to obtain the PVC sheet.
Example 2
A preparation method of a PVC sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, stacking the sheets on a steel plate for fixing, and fixing the upper part and the lower part of the PVC calendered film by the steel plate;
(2) putting the mixture into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing the mixture in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 900psi, the temperature is 140 deg.C, and the duration is 15 min;
and a second stage: pressure 1050psi, temperature 185 deg.C, duration 15 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 1200psi, the temperature is 195 deg.C, and the duration is 15 min;
a fourth stage: pressure of 1350psi, temperature of 200 deg.C, and duration of 15 min;
the fifth stage: the pressure is 1500psi, the temperature is 210 deg.C, and the duration is 15 min;
the sixth stage: pressure 1800psi, temperature 220 deg.C, duration 15 min;
(3) cooling to 32 ℃, keeping the temperature for 90min, and relieving the pressure to obtain the PVC sheet.
Example 3
A preparation method of a PVC sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, stacking the sheets on a steel plate for fixing, and fixing the upper part and the lower part of the PVC calendered film by the steel plate;
(2) putting the mixture into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing the mixture in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500psi, the temperature is 135 deg.C, and the duration is 10 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 600psi, the temperature is 177 ℃, and the duration is 10 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 700psi, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 800psi, the temperature is 193 deg.C, and the duration is 10 min;
the fifth stage: pressure 950psi, temperature 199 deg.C, duration 10 min;
the sixth stage: the pressure is 1100psi, the temperature is 204 deg.C, and the duration is 10 min;
(3) cooling to 32 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, and relieving the pressure to obtain the PVC sheet.
Example 4
A preparation method of a PVC sheet comprises the following steps:
(1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, stacking the sheets on a steel plate for fixing, and fixing the upper part and the lower part of the PVC calendered film by the steel plate;
(2) putting the mixture into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing the mixture in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 600psi, the temperature is 135 deg.C, and the duration is 10 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 700psi, the temperature is 177 ℃, and the duration is 10 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 800psi, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 900psi, the temperature is 193 deg.C, and the duration is 10 min;
the fifth stage: pressure 1050psi, temperature 199 deg.C, duration 10 min;
the sixth stage: the pressure is 1200psi, the temperature is 204 ℃, and the duration is 10 min;
(3) cooling to 32 ℃, keeping the temperature for 50min, and relieving the pressure to obtain the PVC sheet.
Effect example 1
The PVC sheets prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 are subjected to performance tests, including an outdoor weather resistance test, a turbidity test, a light transmittance test, a hardness test and a flame retardance test, wherein the outdoor weather resistance test is according to ASTM D-1499, the turbidity test is according to the ASTM D-1003 transparent plastic turbidity standard test method, the light transmittance test is according to ANSI Z26.1, the glass material for safety window motor vehicle equipment for the American land road running motor vehicle is adopted as the test standard, the hardness test is according to the test standard ASTM D-2240, and the flame retardance test is according to ANSI Z26.1. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Standard requirements Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4
Outdoor weatherability 1000 hours through 1000 hours through 1000 hours through 1000 hours through 1000 hours through
Turbidity degree ≤4 1.2 5 0.6 0.6
Light transmittance ≥70 75 62 86 86
Shore hardness 92±5 94 94 94 94
Flame retardancy By passing By passing By passing By passing By passing
As can be seen from table 1, examples 1 to 4 show that the PVC sheets prepared by the preparation method of the present invention have the advantages of glass and plastic, are ultra-transparent, are not brittle, and have good weather resistance and flame retardancy. In examples 3 to 4, the temperature and pressure increase in each stage was as follows: the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500-600 psi, the temperature is 135 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min; and a second stage: the pressure is 600-700 psi, the temperature is 177 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min; and a third stage: the pressure is 700-800 psi, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min; a fourth stage: the pressure is 800-900 psi, the temperature is 193 ℃, and the duration is 10 min; the fifth stage: the pressure is 950-1050 psi, the temperature is 199 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min; the sixth stage: the prepared PVC sheet has the advantages of lower turbidity, higher transmittance, good weather resistance and good flame resistance when the pressure is 1100-1200 psi, the temperature is 204 ℃ and the duration time is 10 min.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The preparation method of the PVC sheet is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cutting the PVC calendered film into sheets, and stacking and fixing the sheets on a steel plate;
(2) putting the mixture into a laminating machine, heating and pressurizing the mixture in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500-900 psi, the temperature is 120-140 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 600-1050 psi, the temperature is 155-185 ℃, and the duration is 5-15 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 700-1200 psi, the temperature is 165-195 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 800-1350 psi, the temperature is 175-200 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
the fifth stage: the pressure is 950-1500 psi, the temperature is 180-210 ℃, and the duration is 5-15 min;
the sixth stage: the pressure is 1100-1800 psi, the temperature is 185-220 ℃, and the duration time is 5-15 min;
(3) cooling and relieving pressure to obtain the PVC sheet;
in the step (3), the temperature is reduced to 32 ℃ and the duration is 50-90 min.
2. The method for preparing PVC sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the calendered film of PVC is stacked in single layer or multiple layers on the steel sheet.
3. The method for preparing the PVC sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the PVC rolled film is fixed to the upper and lower sides by steel plates.
4. The process for producing PVC sheets according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature and pressure are raised in six stages,
the first stage is as follows: the pressure is 500-600 psi, the temperature is 135 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
and a second stage: the pressure is 600-700 psi, the temperature is 177 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
and a third stage: the pressure is 700-800 psi, the temperature is 188 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
a fourth stage: the pressure is 800-900 psi, the temperature is 193 ℃, and the duration is 10 min;
the fifth stage: the pressure is 950-1050 psi, the temperature is 199 ℃, and the duration time is 10 min;
the sixth stage: the pressure is 1100-1200 psi, the temperature is 204 ℃, and the duration is 10 min.
5. The method for preparing PVC sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the duration is 50 min.
6. The PVC sheet obtained by the method for producing a PVC sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The PVC sheet according to claim 6, wherein the thickness of the PVC sheet is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.
CN201911315033.4A 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet and preparation method thereof Active CN111016203B (en)

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CN111016203B true CN111016203B (en) 2020-10-02

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Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101670700A (en) * 2009-10-12 2010-03-17 中卡智能卡(上海)有限公司 Laminating method of surface coating card
CN204605079U (en) * 2015-04-16 2015-09-02 广州市雄星塑料制品有限公司 A kind of PVC crystal composite membrane
CN205167705U (en) * 2015-09-29 2016-04-20 浙江华祥皮革有限公司 PVC complex film
CN205167771U (en) * 2015-09-29 2016-04-20 浙江华祥皮革有限公司 Multilayer PVC complex film

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