CN111014265A - Method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption - Google Patents
Method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption Download PDFInfo
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- CN111014265A CN111014265A CN201911308165.4A CN201911308165A CN111014265A CN 111014265 A CN111014265 A CN 111014265A CN 201911308165 A CN201911308165 A CN 201911308165A CN 111014265 A CN111014265 A CN 111014265A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly discloses a method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption, which specifically comprises the following steps: the rhamnolipid eluent is used for eluting phenanthrene-polluted soil and adsorbing by charcoal to remove phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid. The method utilizes the combination of the rhamnolipid synergistic leaching and the charcoal adsorption technology to repair the phenanthrene-polluted soil, not only can remove most phenanthrene in the soil, but also can reduce the damage of residual chemical leaching agent and residual phenanthrene to the soil property after leaching, and relieve the influence on the soil fertility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption.
Background
As an important component of the ecological environment, soil is a main place of substances in the biological and geological cycle, and also provides abundant natural resources for the survival of animals and plants and the development of human beings. Like water, soil also has self-cleaning capabilities, but such self-cleaning capabilities are limited, i.e., the capacity of the soil environment, beyond which the amount of harmful substances can cause soil contamination. Under the background of promoting the industrialization process and adjusting urban land, the prevention and control protection of polluted soil and the land planning become the focus of government and public attention gradually.
Organic pollutants exist in soil systems in three main forms, namely aqueous phase, solid phase and non-aqueous phase fluid. The removal or degradation of organic substances in soil is generally through some physicochemical reactions such as desorption, redox and morphological transformation. The ectopic remediation is to excavate the polluted soil to be treated in a centralized way, and is suitable for a small-range area with serious pollution degree. In-situ remediation, chemical substances are directly added into the polluted soil or gas and heat are supplied, and the like, so that the cost in the soil excavation and transportation process is reduced, but secondary pollution to the soil is possibly caused. Technically, soil remediation can be roughly divided into physical, chemical and biological remediation technologies and the combination of the technologies, the biological remediation technology is generally treated by in-situ remediation, and the physical and chemical remediation technologies are selected according to specific conditions.
Phenanthrene belongs to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) organic pollutants, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are generally products of petroleum, tobacco and other organic matters which are not fully combusted and generally exist in natural environment. And most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are toxic and carcinogenic, and various polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons including phenanthrene have been classified as preferred pollutants by the united states environmental protection agency. The molecular structure of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generally contains two or more benzene rings, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have strong stability and durability in natural environment and are not easily biodegraded. In addition, the strong hydrophobicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon causes the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon to be easily adsorbed on the solid phase of soil, particularly in soil organic matters, and causes the persistent pollution of the soil. More seriously, it may cause more extensive pollution to the environment as rain water runoff or dust enters groundwater systems or the air. Therefore, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon organic compound which has stable structure and is difficult to degrade is always a difficult problem in soil pollution remediation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for restoring the phenanthrene-polluted soil by combining ex-situ leaching and charcoal adsorption, and the removal rate of phenanthrene in the soil can reach 88%.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) leaching: mixing phenanthrene-contaminated soil and rhamnolipid leacheate according to the mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 75-130 mL, adjusting the pH of the soil to 6.5-7.5, oscillating for 12-24 h at the rotating speed of 7000-8500 r/min, centrifuging, and precipitating to obtain the leached soil and the rhamnolipid waste liquid containing phenanthrene;
(2) adsorption: and (2) uniformly mixing the phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid subjected to centrifugation and precipitation in the step (1) with biochar with the pyrolysis temperature of 300-700 ℃ according to the volume-mass ratio of 75-130 mL: 1g, and then finishing the treatment of the phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid.
Preferably, the concentration of the rhamnolipid leacheate in the step (1) is 0-10 g/L.
Further preferably, the concentration of the rhamnolipid leacheate is 5-10 g/L.
Preferably, the mass-volume ratio of the phenanthrene contaminated soil to the rhamnolipid leacheate in the step (1) is 1 g: 90-110 mL.
Preferably, the rotating speed in the step (1) is 7500 r/min.
Preferably, the mass-to-volume ratio of the biochar in the step (2) to the phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid obtained after leaching is 1 g: 90-110 mL.
Preferably, the pyrolysis temperature of the biochar in the step (2) is 500-700 ℃.
Preferably, the biochar in the step (2) is at least one of rice hull biochar or cottonseed hull biochar.
In the invention, the rhamnolipid is produced by pseudomonas or pseudomonas aeruginosa and belongs to an anionic surfactant. The rhamnolipid has the advantages of biological adaptability, biodegradability and the like, and can reduce the risk of secondary pollution when being applied to environmental remediation. When the leaching solution is used as a leaching solution for soil remediation, a soil leaching solution containing pollutants is generated, and the soil leaching solution can be discharged or recycled after being further treated to reach the standard.
The biochar is a solid product obtained by high-temperature pyrolysis of organic matters under an anoxic condition, and raw materials of the biochar can be residues of animals and plants such as excrement or straws and can also be organic-rich wastes such as sewage sludge. The charcoal has high carbon content and carbon fixation effect, thereby reducing the emission of greenhouse gases and regulating climate change. The biochar is not completely carbonized, and partially amorphous organic matter exists; and the preparation process of the biochar is simple and convenient without activation, and the price is more dominant. Therefore, the biochar serving as the adsorption material has wide application prospect in water pollution treatment and soil remediation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides a method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption.
(2) The method utilizes the combination of the rhamnolipid synergistic leaching and the charcoal adsorption technology to repair the phenanthrene-polluted soil, not only can remove most phenanthrene in the soil, but also can reduce the damage of residual chemical leaching agent and residual phenanthrene to the soil property after leaching, and relieve the influence on the soil fertility.
(3) The method has the advantages of low restoration cost, high practicability, good restoration effect and the like, and is a method capable of effectively restoring the phenanthrene-polluted soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the leaching effect of rhamnolipids with different concentrations on phenanthrene in soil;
FIG. 2 is an attached drawing of rice hull biochar on phenanthrene at different pyrolysis temperatures;
FIG. 3 shows the adsorption of cotton seed hull biochar to phenanthrene at different pyrolysis temperatures.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Example 1
The method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption comprises the following steps:
(1) leaching: mixing rhamnolipid leacheate with the concentration of 6g/L with 5 phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations (80, 160, 320, 640 and 1280mg/kg) according to the liquid-solid ratio of 90mL to 1g, adjusting the pH of the soil to be 7, oscillating for 12 hours at the rotating speed of 7500r/min, centrifuging, detecting the concentration of phenanthrene in the leacheate obtained by centrifuging and the phenanthrene-polluted soil after leaching, wherein the removal rate of the phenanthrene in the phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations is 50-76%. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
(2) Adsorption: and (3) mixing the leached rhamnolipid waste liquid with different concentrations of phenanthrene with 5 kinds of rice hull biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 ℃), wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the rice hull biochar to the rhamnolipid waste liquid containing phenanthrene is 1 g: 90mL, and after uniform mixing, finishing the treatment of the rhamnolipid waste liquid containing phenanthrene. The rice hull biochar pyrolyzed at 600 ℃ has the optimal adsorption effect, and the adsorption effect on phenanthrene reaches 52-88%. The results are shown in FIG. 2.
Example 2
The method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption comprises the following steps:
(1) leaching: mixing rhamnolipid leacheate with the concentration of 8g/L with 5 phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations (80, 160, 320, 640 and 1280mg/kg) according to the liquid-solid ratio of 100mL to 1g, adjusting the pH of the soil to be 6.5, oscillating for 18h at the rotating speed of 8000r/min, centrifuging, detecting the concentration of phenanthrene in the leacheate obtained by centrifuging and the phenanthrene-polluted soil after leaching, wherein the removal rate of the phenanthrene in the phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations is 53-78%. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
(2) Adsorption: and (3) mixing the leached rhamnolipid waste liquid with different concentrations of phenanthrene with 5 kinds of rice hull biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 ℃), wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the rice hull biochar to the rhamnolipid waste liquid containing phenanthrene is 1 g: 100mL, and after uniform mixing, finishing the treatment of the rhamnolipid waste liquid containing phenanthrene. The rice hull biochar pyrolyzed at 600 ℃ has the optimal adsorption effect, and the adsorption effect on phenanthrene reaches 52-88%. The results are shown in FIG. 2.
Example 3
The method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) leaching: mixing rhamnolipid leacheate with the concentration of 10g/L with 5 phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations (80, 160, 320, 640 and 1280mg/kg) according to the liquid-solid ratio of 110mL to 1g, adjusting the pH of the soil to be 7, oscillating for 18h at the rotating speed of 8000r/min, centrifuging, detecting the concentration of phenanthrene in the leacheate obtained by centrifuging and the phenanthrene-polluted soil after leaching, wherein the removal rate of phenanthrene in the phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations is 56-80%. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
(2) Adsorption: and (2) mixing the leached rhamnolipid waste liquid with different phenanthrene concentrations with 5 cotton seed hull biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 ℃), wherein the mass-volume ratio of the cotton seed hull biochar to the phenanthrene rhamnolipid waste liquid is 1 g: 110mL, and after uniform mixing, finishing the treatment of the phenanthrene rhamnolipid waste liquid. The adsorption effect of the 600 ℃ pyrolytic cottonseed hull biochar is optimal, and the adsorption effect on phenanthrene reaches 69-94%. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
Example 4
The method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) leaching: mixing rhamnolipid leacheate with the concentration of 10g/L with 5 phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations (80, 160, 320, 640 and 1280mg/kg) according to the liquid-solid ratio of 100mL to 1g, adjusting the pH of the soil to be 7.5, oscillating for 24 hours at the rotating speed of 8500r/min, centrifuging, detecting the concentration of phenanthrene in the leacheate obtained by centrifuging and the phenanthrene-polluted soil after leaching, wherein the removal rate of the phenanthrene in the phenanthrene-polluted soil with different concentrations is 56-80%. The results are shown in FIG. 1.
(2) Adsorption: and (2) mixing the leached rhamnolipid waste liquid with different phenanthrene concentrations with 5 cotton seed hull biochar with different pyrolysis temperatures (300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 ℃), wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the cotton seed hull biochar to the phenanthrene rhamnolipid waste liquid is 1 g: 100mL, and after uniform mixing, finishing the treatment of the phenanthrene rhamnolipid waste liquid. The adsorption effect of the 600 ℃ pyrolytic cottonseed hull biochar is optimal, and the adsorption effect on phenanthrene reaches 69-94%. The results are shown in FIG. 3.
The synergistic elution of the rhamnolipid can effectively treat the phenanthrene-polluted soil, for example, the desorption rate of 10g/L of rhamnolipid to the pollutants in the phenanthrene-polluted soil of 80mg/kg is as high as 80%. The biochar adsorbs phenanthrene in the soil leacheate, organic matters or volatile substances in biomass are gradually decomposed along with the increase of pyrolysis temperature (300-700 ℃) for the biochar made of the same raw material, the carbonization degree, the non-polarity, the hydrophobicity and the aromaticity of the biochar are gradually enhanced, the adsorption capacity for phenanthrene is also improved, and the removal rate of 600 ℃ pyrolyzed cotton seed hull biochar on phenanthrene in the soil leacheate can reach more than 90%. Moreover, the cottonseed hull biochar has a high selective adsorption coefficient to phenanthrene, and simultaneously, nearly 80% of rhamnolipid can be recovered and can be used as a selective adsorbent to effectively treat soil leacheate. The method can effectively and selectively restore phenanthrene in the polluted soil, and meanwhile, the eluent rhamnolipid can be automatically degraded in the soil, so that secondary pollution is avoided.
Therefore, the phenanthrene in the soil can be quickly and directly removed by adopting the rhamnose lipid liquid for leaching, but the problem of treating the waste liquid containing the phenanthrene rhamnolipid is also solved, the phenanthrene in the leaching liquid can be adsorbed by applying the biochar, the concentration of the phenanthrene in the soil is further reduced, and a certain repairing effect on the soil is achieved. The repairing effect of combining the rhamnolipid synergistic leaching and the charcoal adsorption technology is far better than that of a single technology.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for restoring phenanthrene contaminated soil by combining ectopic leaching and charcoal adsorption specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) leaching: mixing phenanthrene-contaminated soil and rhamnolipid leacheate according to the mass-volume ratio of 1 g: 75-130 mL, adjusting the pH of the soil to 6.5-7.5, oscillating for 12-24 h at the rotating speed of 7000-8500 r/min, centrifuging, and precipitating to obtain the leached soil and the rhamnolipid waste liquid containing phenanthrene;
(2) adsorption: and (2) uniformly mixing the phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid subjected to centrifugation and precipitation in the step (1) with biochar with the pyrolysis temperature of 300-700 ℃ according to the volume-mass ratio of 75-130 mL: 1g, and then finishing the treatment of the phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid.
2. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the rhamnolipid leacheate in the step (1) is 0-10 g/L.
3. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and charcoal adsorption according to claim 2, wherein the concentration of the rhamnolipid leacheate is 5-10 g/L.
4. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the phenanthrene-contaminated soil to the rhamnolipid leacheate in the step (1) is 1 g: 90-110 mL.
5. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the rotating speed in the step (1) is 7500 r/min.
6. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of biochar in the step (2) to phenanthrene-containing rhamnolipid waste liquid obtained after leaching is 1 g: 90-110 mL.
7. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the pyrolysis temperature of the biochar in the step (2) is 500-700 ℃.
8. The method for remediating phenanthrene-contaminated soil by combining ex-situ leaching and biochar adsorption according to claim 1, wherein the biochar in the step (2) is at least one of rice hull biochar or cotton seed hull biochar.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113387527A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-14 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Treatment method of heavy metal and organic matter combined pollution bottom mud |
| CN113426822A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-24 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Method for leaching polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil by using biochar-enhanced surfactant |
| CN115318825A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-11-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil by using compost sludge biochar |
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2019
- 2019-12-18 CN CN201911308165.4A patent/CN111014265A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113426822A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-24 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Method for leaching polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil by using biochar-enhanced surfactant |
| CN113387527A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-14 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Treatment method of heavy metal and organic matter combined pollution bottom mud |
| CN115318825A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-11-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for restoring petroleum-polluted soil by using compost sludge biochar |
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Application publication date: 20200417 |