CN111013627B - Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/24—Nitrogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8671—Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
- B01D53/8675—Ozone
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and relates to a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material comprises Cu atoms and OCN; the Cu atoms are uniformly loaded on the OCN; wherein, the Cu/OCN structure is in a single-layer sheet shape. The modification method comprises the steps of carrying out oxidation stripping on g-C3N4 to prepare OCN and carrying out Cu loading to prepare Cu/OCN. The bulk of the Cu/OCN sample is OCN, which is a layered material, and Cu atoms are uniformly supported on the OCN. Compared with a graphite phase g-C3N4, the Cu/OCN structure is finely divided, is in a single-layer sheet shape, has a large specific surface area, and is successfully loaded on the OCN, so that the Cu/OCN successfully contacts with a catalytic substance fully, and the catalytic effect is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysis, and relates to a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Ozone, acting as a "protective umbrella", is located in the stratosphere, whereas ozone pollution is located in the troposphere, especially in the near-earth layers next to people, and this pollution mainly results from indirect emissions of human activity. In urban life, motor vehicle tail gas, fossil fuel combustion and industrial production all can produce nitrogen oxide. The sources of volatile organic compounds are more, and the effects of automobile spraying, printing ink volatilization in printing plants, oil and gas volatilization in gas stations, production processes in the chemical industry, solution use and the like are all influenced. Although sufficiently sourced, the generation of ozone from nitrogen oxides and volatile organics requires specific meteorological conditions. According to the analysis of atmospheric monitoring data, the concentration of ozone is higher in summer and autumn in one year, because the temperature is increased and the solar radiation is enhanced, the ozone is an important condition for generating ozone, and the two substances can generate a series of photochemical reactions to rapidly generate ozone to reach or even exceed the pollution level.
Ozone in the troposphere has a great influence on the human body, and can stimulate and damage mucous membrane tissues such as eyes and a respiratory system, and the like, so that negative effects are generated on the health of the human body. In addition, ozone has a strong corrosive effect on metals and most non-metals, which indirectly affects the precision of some instruments, the early rejection of some living goods, and the like.
Ozone catalytic decomposition is a novel ozone pollution treatment technology, and the existing catalysts for decomposing ozone include metal oxide catalysts, supported catalysts and carbonaceous material catalysts. The metal oxide catalyst is a catalyst taking metal oxide as a main catalytic active component, and the catalytic efficiency of the metal oxide catalyst depends on the selection of the metal catalyst and the preparation process of the metal oxide catalyst. The catalyst prepared by loading the main catalyst and the cocatalyst on the carrier is called as a supported catalyst. The physical structure and properties of the supported catalyst support often have a decisive influence on the catalyst performance. The carbon material catalytic ozonation system has the characteristics of strong decontamination performance, high ozone utilization rate and no metal dissolution, and is widely applied. However, with the increase of the number of times of recycling, basic groups on the carbon surface are continuously consumed, acidic oxygen-containing groups such as phenolic hydroxyl groups, carboxyl groups, carbonyl groups and the like are continuously accumulated, and the electron density of a graphite layer is reduced, so that the catalytic capability of the system is reduced. g-C compared to conventional catalysts 3 N 4 The modified load metal atom has better catalytic effect, and g-C 3 N 4 The catalyst is easy to prepare, has high metal utilization rate, low cost and little pollution, and has wide application value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior artThe invention provides a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material and a preparation method and application thereof 3 N 4 And oxidizing to obtain OCN and Cu/OCN supported to prepare Cu/OCN. The bulk of the Cu/OCN sample is OCN, which is a layered material, and Cu atoms are uniformly supported on the OCN. With graphite phase g-C 3 N 4 Compared with the prior art, the Cu/OCN has a finely-divided structure, is in a single-layer sheet shape, has a large specific surface area, and is successfully loaded on the OCN, so that the Cu/OCN is beneficial to fully contacting with a catalytic substance and enhancing the catalytic effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material, wherein Cu atoms are uniformly loaded on OCN; wherein, the Cu/OCN structure is in a single-layer sheet shape.
A preparation method of a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of OCN crystals: mixing graphite phases g-C 3 N 4 Grinding for later use; the graphite phase g-C 3 N 4 Adding into hydrogen peroxide and heating to change the color of the yellow mixed solution into orange-brown mixed solution; slowly adding the orange-brown mixed solution into distilled water, cooling to room temperature, taking out, performing centrifugal separation, taking out precipitate A, washing, and vacuum drying to obtain O-g-C 3 N 4 Obtaining OCN;
(2) Preparing a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material: mixing the OCN obtained in the step (1) and Cu (NO) 3 ) 2 Cu (NO) in a mass ratio of 0.25wt% to 20wt% 3 ) 2 Mixing and dissolving in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; and adding sodium borohydride into the mixed solution, stirring, taking out, performing centrifugal separation, taking out a precipitate B, sequentially washing, placing in a freeze dryer, drying and fully grinding to obtain the Cu/OCN.
Preferably, the solvents used for washing in the step (1) and the step (2) are both absolute ethyl alcohol and ultrapure water, wherein the washing with absolute ethyl alcohol is performed for 4 times, and then the washing with ultrapure water is performed for four times.
Preferably, the heating treatment temperature in the step (1) is 90 ℃, and the heating treatment time is 24h.
The Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material is used as a catalyst for treating pollutant ozone in air.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation process, mild conditions, good stability, low cost, high catalytic efficiency, environmental protection, energy conservation, no toxicity, no pollution and the like, meets the environment-friendly requirement, and has wide application prospect;
(2) The composite catalytic material Cu/OCN sample prepared by the preparation method has more pores and a fluffy structure, the main part is OCN which is a layered substance, and Cu atoms are uniformly loaded on the OCN. With graphite phases g-C 3 N 4 Compared with the prior art, the Cu/OCN structure is fine and is in a layered powder shape, the texture is light, the specific surface area is large, and Cu successfully loaded on the OCN can be fully contacted with a substance to be catalyzed, so that the catalytic effect is enhanced;
(3)g-C 3 N 4 after oxidation, a trace amount of Cu is loaded, and the performance of the catalyst is obviously improved. The ozone removal rate is improved obviously and almost reaches 100 percent. Therefore, the Cu/OCN catalytic decomposition has potential application value in the treatment of air pollutant ozone.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is g-C prepared in example 1 3 N 4 、0-C 3 N 4 、0.5Cu-O-C 3 N 4 、20Cu-O-C 3 N 4 X-ray powder diffractogram of (a);
FIG. 2 is a Transmission Electron Micrograph (TEM) of 0.5Cu/OCN prepared in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an elemental map (EDS) of the individual substances of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of Cu/OCN and Cu/CN on catalytic decomposition of ozone having a concentration of 40ppm at room temperature.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The specific techniques or conditions are not indicated in the examples, and the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art are performed in accordance with the instructions. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available. Example 1
A preparation method of a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of OCN crystals: weighing 10g of graphite phase g-C 3 N 4 Carefully grinding and placing for later use. 10g of graphite phase g-C 3 N 4 Adding into 200ml hydrogen peroxide, heating at 90 deg.C for 24 hr to change the color of the yellow mixture into orange-brown mixture. The solution was slowly added to 300ml of distilled water, cooled to room temperature, taken out, centrifuged, and the brown yellow precipitate was taken out and washed 4 times with absolute ethanol and ultrapure water, respectively. Placing in a vacuum drying oven, vacuum drying for 10h to obtain O-g-C 3 N 4 Obtaining OCN;
(2) Preparing a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material: mixing the OCN and Cu (NO) in the step (1) 3 ） 2 Cu (NO) in a mass ratio of 0.5wt%, 2wt%, 5wt%, 20wt% 3 ） 2 Mixed and dissolved in 100ml of deionized water and stirred for 16h. Adding appropriate amount of sodium borohydride (sodium borohydride dissolved in water and slowly dropped into the mixed solution at a speed of 1 ml/min), and stirring for 18h. Taking out, centrifuging, taking out precipitate, washing with anhydrous ethanol and ultrapure water for 4 times respectively, and drying in a freeze dryer. Taking out, and fully grinding to obtain Cu/OCN.
FIG. 1 shows g-C 3 N 4 、0-C 3 N 4 、0.5Cu-O-C 3 N 4 、20Cu-O-C 3 N 4 The X-ray powder diffraction pattern of (a) is shown in fig. 1: 0.5Cu-O-C 3 N 4 Has no characteristic peak of copper and copper oxide species in XRD (X ray diffraction), and the peak around 13 degrees is relative to 0-C 3 N 4 It is known that copper is doped into the crystal lattice of carbon nitride. 20Cu-O-C 3 N 4 The peak with Cu simple substance shows that the copper adding amount is increasedCausing the agglomeration of the Cu simple substance to form Cu crystals.
FIG. 2 is a Transmission Electron Micrograph (TEM) of 0.5Cu-O-C3N4 OCN, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the thickness of the OCN crystal is uniform and ultrathin, and the Cu/OCN structure is fluffy. The main part of the Cu/OCN is OCN which is a layered substance, and Cu or CuOx particles are not seen on the surface of the layered substance.
FIG. 3 is 0.5Cu-O-C 3 N 4 Characterized by element mapping, cu exists in a very dispersed form and Cu atoms are uniformly loaded on the OCN. With graphite phases g-C 3 N 4 Compared with the prior art, the Cu/OCN has a finely-divided structure, is in a layered powder shape, is light in texture and large in specific surface area, and Cu successfully loaded on the OCN can be fully contacted with a catalyzed substance to enhance the catalytic effect. Secondarily oxidized C 3 N 4 There are more defects, O 3 Can selectively attack defects and active sites, induce a series of chain reactions (EQs), and improve the adsorption efficiency and the mass transfer efficiency of O.
The removal rate of ozone in the Cu/OCN normal temperature treated air pollutant prepared in this example is shown in FIG. 4.
Evaluation of catalytic decomposition ozone Performance: under the condition of normal temperature and the adding amount of the catalyst of 100mg, wherein the reaction conditions are as follows: the concentration of ozone is 40ppm, and the space velocity is 600L ∙ L-1 ∙ h-1; humidity is 25%; the Cu/OCN prepared with the Cu doping amount of 0.5wt% has the best catalytic performance. As can be seen from FIG. 4, the effect of Cu/OCN on treating air pollutant ozone at normal temperature is obvious.
The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material is characterized in that Cu atoms are uniformly loaded on OCN; wherein the Cu/OCN structure is in a single-layer sheet shape;
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of OCN crystals: mixing graphite phase g-C 3 N 4 Grinding for standby; the graphite phase g-C 3 N 4 Adding into hydrogen peroxide and heating to change the color of the yellow mixed solution into orange-brown mixed solution; slowly adding the orange-brown mixed solution into distilled water, cooling to room temperature, taking out, performing centrifugal separation, taking out precipitate A, washing, and vacuum drying to obtain O-g-C 3 N 4 Obtaining OCN;
(2) Preparing a Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material: mixing the OCN obtained in the step (1) and Cu (NO) 3 ) 2 Cu (NO) in a mass ratio of 0.5 to 20wt% 3 ) 2 Mixing and dissolving in deionized water, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; and adding sodium borohydride into the mixed solution, stirring, taking out, performing centrifugal separation, taking out a precipitate B, sequentially washing, placing in a freeze dryer, drying and fully grinding to obtain the Cu/OCN.
2. The Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material according to claim 1, wherein the solvents used for washing in step (1) and step (2) are both absolute ethanol and ultrapure water, wherein the absolute ethanol is washed 4 times and then the ultrapure water is used for washing four times.
3. The Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material according to claim 1, wherein the heating treatment temperature in step (1) is 90 ℃ and the heating treatment time is 24h.
4. The Cu/OCN composite catalytic ozonolysis material of claim 1 is used as a catalyst for treating pollutant ozone in air.
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