CN111012938A - Deodorant for removing odor generated from garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a deodorant for removing odor generated by garbage wastes, which comprises an enzyme-containing component and a microorganism component for degrading odor substances generated by the odor, and a fragrance component for masking the odor. According to the deodorant for removing the odor generated by the garbage waste, the protein, the starch and the fat which are easy to rot and generate the odor in the garbage are decomposed by the enzyme component, and the obtained degradation product can be rapidly degraded into carbon dioxide and water by the microorganism component, so that the odor generated by the garbage is reduced or removed. The deodorant provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high efficiency in garbage waste treatment, low cost and no secondary pollution.

Description

Deodorant for removing odor generated from garbage

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to a deodorant for removing odor generated by garbage waste.

Background

With the development of economy and the improvement of the quality of life of people, the awareness of environmental protection of people is continuously strengthened, and as the foul gas emission of the garbage disposal facility causes the dissatisfaction of surrounding residents, the neighborhood effect of the residents on the garbage disposal facility is also increased seriously. The malodorous gas discharged by garbage and garbage disposal facilities is mainly sulfur-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds and the like, such as hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, thioether, ammonia gas and the like, and the gases have strong pungent smell and can enter human bodies through different ways such as respiratory tracts, eyes, skins and the like, so that the human bodies are unconscious, uncomfortable and can cause great damage to the nervous systems of the human bodies after being placed in the garbage disposal facilities for a long time. Moreover, malodorous gases can also corrode equipment in the plant area. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt a practical method for purifying malodorous gases generated by a garbage disposal facility to improve the space and surrounding living environment.

At present, the common deodorization methods at home and abroad include an adsorption method, a combustion method, a high-energy ion method and a biological method. Wherein, the adsorption method comprises acid-base liquid medicine washing and activated carbon adsorption, the former needs to consume a large amount of chemical agents, the latter is easy to block, the activated carbon material is frequently replaced, and the maintenance cost of the instrument is higher. The combustion method is suitable for organic waste gas with high concentration and high heat value; on the basis of general deodorization engineering, a high-energy ion method is rarely applied, the generated ozone is directly discharged, the environmental safety is possibly damaged, and the generated ions have strong oxidation effect, have corrosion effect on equipment and have certain damage to human bodies; the biological method comprises a biological filter tower and a biological deodorant, the biological method is generally low in cost, the biological filter tower needs debugging time, and the biological deodorant has high-efficiency deodorization effect only by needing complex culture conditions.

In summary, the conventional reagents and methods for treating garbage and malodorous gases generated by garbage disposal facilities have poor treatment effect, high treatment cost and pollution, and further improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a deodorant for removing odor generated by garbage wastes, and aims to solve the problems of poor effect and pollution of treatment products of malodorous gases of garbage treatment facilities in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

a deodorant for removing malodor generated from garbage waste, the deodorant comprising an enzyme-containing component and a microbial component for degrading malodor-generating substances, and a fragrance component for masking malodor.

Preferably, the enzyme-containing component comprises 3-5% of protease, 1-2% of amylase, 4-6% of lipase, 4-6% of horseradish peroxidase, 15-17% of adsorbent and 12-14% of electron acceptor in percentage by mass.

Preferably, each enzyme in the enzyme-containing fraction has an activity greater than 10⁵U/g。

Preferably, the adsorbent is one or more of wheat bran, fine rice bran and fine straw powder.

Preferably, the electron acceptor is calcium peroxide.

Preferably, the microorganism components comprise lactobacillus plantarum, streptococcus lactis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, composite photosynthetic bacteria, modified nitrifying bacteria and modified azotobacter chroococcum.

Preferably, the thallus of the microbial component is bacterial powder, and the number of live bacteria in the bacterial powder is not less than 2 hundred million CFU/g.

Preferably, the aromatic component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1% -2% of muscone, 2% -4% of vanillin and 3% -5% of ginger extract.

Preferably, the mass ratio of the enzyme-containing component, the microbial component and the fragrance component is 4:5: 1.

The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:

according to the deodorant for removing the odor generated by the garbage waste, the protein, the starch and the fat which are easy to rot and generate the odor in the garbage are decomposed by the enzyme component, and the obtained degradation product can be rapidly degraded into carbon dioxide and water by the microorganism component, so that the odor generated by the garbage is reduced or taken out. The deodorant provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages of high efficiency in garbage waste treatment, low cost and no secondary pollution.

Detailed Description

The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

In the examples of the present invention, all percentages, parts and ratios are based on the total weight of the composition of the present invention, unless otherwise specified. All weights as they pertain to listed ingredients are based on the active level and, therefore, do not include solvents or by-products found in commercially available materials, unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

The deodorant provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for removing odor generated by garbage waste, and comprises an enzyme-containing component and a microorganism component which are used for degrading odor generating substances, and a fragrance component which is used for masking odor.

Wherein, the enzyme-containing component comprises 3 to 5 percent of protease, 1 to 2 percent of amylase, 4 to 6 percent of lipase, 4 to 6 percent of horseradish peroxidase, 15 to 17 percent of adsorbent and 12 to 14 percent of electron acceptor according to the mass percentage. The enzyme component contains enzyme with activity greater than 10⁵U/g. In this example, wheat bran was used as the adsorbent. The electron acceptor may be calcium peroxide. In the embodiment of the invention, protease, amylase and lipase can quickly decompose perishable garbage components or garbage leachate left in the environment, and quickly catalyze and decompose protein, starch and fat in the garbage leachate into small molecules, and the small molecules can better migrate in the liquid and can be more easily accessed to microorganisms, and can be more quickly absorbed by the microorganism components and degraded into carbon dioxide and water. In addition, horseradish peroxidase can rapidly catalyze and oxidize phenolic substances, and reduce the concentration of odor and other peculiar smells.

The microorganism components comprise Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus lactis, cerevisiae Fermentum, Actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, composite photosynthetic bacteria, modified nitrifying bacteria and azotobacter chroococcum. The strains are screened from garbage treatment places such as kitchen garbage fermentation tanks, composting workshops and deodorizing biological beds. The thallus of the microorganism component is bacterial powder, and the number of the live bacteria in the bacterial powder is not less than 2 hundred million CFU/g. The bacterial powder is prepared by spraying the bacterial culture onto a substrate, wherein the substrate is fine rice bran.

The aromatic component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1% -2% of muscone, 2% -4% of vanillin and 3% -5% of ginger extract.

Example 2

The deodorant provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for removing odor generated by garbage waste, and comprises an enzyme-containing component and a microorganism component which are used for degrading odor generating substances, and a fragrance component which is used for masking odor.

The enzyme-containing component comprises 4% of protease, 1.5% of amylase, 5% of lipase, 5% of horseradish peroxidase, 16% of adsorbent and 13% of electron acceptor in percentage by mass. In the enzyme-containing fraction, the activity of each enzyme is greater than 10⁵U/g. In this example, the adsorbent was made of fine straw powder. The electron acceptor may be calcium peroxide.

The microorganism components comprise Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus lactis, cerevisiae Fermentum, Actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, composite photosynthetic bacteria, modified nitrifying bacteria and azotobacter chroococcum. The strains are screened from garbage treatment places such as kitchen garbage fermentation tanks, composting workshops and deodorizing biological beds. The thallus of the microorganism component is bacterial powder, and the number of the live bacteria in the bacterial powder is not less than 2 hundred million CFU/g. The thallus culture is sprayed onto matrix to obtain thallus powder, wherein the matrix is testa Tritici.

The aromatic component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.5% of muscone, 3% of vanillin and 4% of ginger extract.

Example 3

The deodorant provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for removing odor generated by garbage waste, and comprises an enzyme-containing component and a microorganism component which are used for degrading odor generating substances, and a fragrance component which is used for masking odor.

The enzyme-containing component comprises the following components, by mass, 5% of protease, 2% of amylase, 6% of lipase, 6% of horseradish peroxidase, 17% of an adsorbent and 14% of an electron acceptor. In the enzyme-containing fraction, the activity of each enzyme is greater than 10⁵U/g. In this example, fine rice bran was used as the adsorbent. The electron acceptor may be calcium peroxide.

The microorganism components comprise Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus lactis, cerevisiae Fermentum, Actinomycetes, Bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, composite photosynthetic bacteria, modified nitrifying bacteria and azotobacter chroococcum. The strains are screened from garbage treatment places such as kitchen garbage fermentation tanks, composting workshops and deodorizing biological beds. The thallus of the microorganism component is bacterial powder, and the number of the live bacteria in the bacterial powder is not less than 2 hundred million CFU/g. The bacterial powder is prepared by spraying a bacterial culture onto a substrate, wherein the substrate is milk powder.

The aromatic component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of muscone, 4% of vanillin and 5% of ginger extract.

In the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the enzyme component, the microorganism component and the aromatic component is (3-4) to (4-6) to (1-2).

In the embodiment of the invention, the matrix can be one or more of milk powder, wheat bran, fine rice bran and fine straw powder.

In the embodiment of the invention, the adsorbent can adopt one or more of wheat bran, fine rice bran and fine straw powder.

Example 4

Preparation of enzyme-containing component

(1) Modified bacillus subtilis is used as a production bacterium, slurried and sterilized kitchen waste is added with trace elements and vitamins as main fermentation substrates, and protease is produced by fermentation.

Modified bacillus subtilis is used as a production bacterium, slurried and sterilized kitchen waste is added with starch, trace elements and vitamins as main fermentation substrates, and amylase is produced through fermentation.

Modified rhizopus is used as a production bacterium, slurried and sterilized kitchen waste is added with crude oil, trace elements and vitamins from the kitchen waste to serve as main fermentation substrates, and lipase is produced through fermentation.

Horse radish peroxidase is derived from horse radish crude extract, and has required concentration of not less than 10⁵U/ml.

The protease, amylase, lipase and horse radish peroxidase have enzyme activity of more than 10⁵U/ml, the enzyme homogeneous solution is obtained after microbial fermentation and concentration, and the fermentation and concentration method adopts the prior art.

(2) In 100g enzyme component, 6-9ml of protease, 2-3ml of amylase, 10-12ml of lipase, 15-20ml of horseradish peroxidase, 40-60g of adsorbent and 30-45g of electron acceptor are added.

(3) Mixing gas liquid enzyme liquid except protease into liquid mixed enzyme, then respectively adding the liquid mixed enzyme and the protease into the adsorbent, uniformly stirring, drying in a constant temperature incubator at 40 ℃ until the water content is 15-20%, drying, mixing, adding electron acceptor calcium peroxide, and mixing again to obtain the enzyme-containing component.

(4) Packaging enzyme-containing components, sealing, storing at 4-10 deg.C, and adding anhydrous calcium oxide as desiccant.

Preparation of microbial Components

(1) Preparing culture medium, namely quantifying YPD, MRS, beef extract peptone and Gao's I solid culture medium subjected to high-temperature sterilization treatment (121 ℃ and 20min) for later use, wherein the solid YPD culture medium comprises 20g of peptone, 10g of beef extract, 20g of glucose, 1000ml of water and 15-20g of agar, and the pH is adjusted to 7.2. The formula of the solid MRS culture medium comprises 10g of peptone, 10g of beef extract, 5g of yeast extract, 5g of glucose, 5g of sodium acetate, 2g of diammonium citrate, 80ml of Tween, 0.58g of magnesium sulfate, 0.05g of manganese sulfate, 2g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 15-20g of agar and 1000ml of water, and the pH value is 6.2.

The beef extract peptone solid culture medium comprises 5g of beef extract, 10g of dried egg white, 5g of sodium chloride, 15-20g of agar, 1000ml of water and 7.2 of pH.

The Gao's first solid culture medium comprises 20g of starch, 1g of potassium nitrate, 0.5g of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5g of magnesium sulfate, 0.5g of sodium chloride, 0.01g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 15-20g of agar, 1000ml of water and the pH value is adjusted to 7.2-7.4.

(2) And (3) screening strains: taking a soil sample from the earth surface to the depth of 200mm from a landfill, taking a fermentation vigorous period from a domestic garbage composting tank, taking a soil-like compost sample at the fermentation temperature of 60-75 ℃, and obtaining bark filler attached with microorganisms from a biological deodorization filter tank which is well operated. And (3) extracting the obtained primary sample parts, respectively extracting the total environmental genomes of different samples, performing genome sequencing, and analyzing the composition and abundance of the microbiome in each primary sample according to a sequencing result.

And respectively inoculating the primary samples into YPD, MRS, beef extract peptone and a Gao's first culture medium, carrying out subculture, wherein the culture time of each generation of the first 5 generations is 3 days, the culture time of each generation is reduced to 24 hours, after culturing for 5 generations again, respectively extracting total genome from the samples after the subculture, carrying out genome sequencing, and analyzing the microbial composition and microbial abundance in each subculture sample according to a sequencing result.

Comparing the results of the two batches of microbiome, wherein the amount of microbes in the samples from the landfill is greatly increased and microbes known to have deodorizing function include: lactobacillus plantarum, composite photosynthetic bacteria, beer yeast and the like.

Microorganisms having a greatly increased amount of microorganisms in a sample from a compost pile and known to have a deodorizing function include: streptococcus lactis, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis and the like.

The amount of microorganisms in the sample from the biofilter was greatly increased and microorganisms known to have a deodorizing function included: modified nitrifying bacteria, modified azotobacter chroococcum and the like.

The microorganism is a microorganism which can be rapidly propagated in an artificial culture medium and has a deodorization function, is purified by adopting a microorganism separation and purification technology, and the type of the microorganism is determined by comparing 16rsDNA genes after purification.

(3) Inoculating the screened Lactobacillus plantarum and Streptococcus lactis into corresponding sterilized solid YPD culture medium (121 deg.C, 20min), and activating; respectively inoculating cerevisiae Fermentum and Actinomycetes into corresponding sterilized MRS solid culture medium (121 deg.C, 20min) for activation; respectively inoculating the bacillus subtilis and the enterococcus faecalis into a beef extract peptone culture medium; respectively inoculating the composite photosynthetic bacteria, the improved nitrifying bacteria and the improved azotobacter chroococcum into a Gao's No. one solid culture medium for quantitative use.

(4) The activated strains are respectively inoculated into a liquid culture medium and cultured by shaking at 37 ℃ and 120 r/min for 24 hours.

(5) Mixing the liquid microbial culture at a ratio of 1:1 to obtain a liquid mixed deodorant bacterial agent, adding the mixed deodorant bacterial agent into an adsorbent, adding 1L of mixed deodorant bacterial liquid, adding 1kg of dried bran and 0.1kg of milk powder, uniformly stirring, and drying in a constant-temperature incubator at 40 ℃ until the water content is 15-20% to obtain the microbial component. The number of the active microorganisms in the bacterial powder is not less than 2 hundred million CFU/g.

(6) The microorganism components are packaged and sealed, and then stored in a low-temperature environment of 4-10 ℃, and anhydrous calcium oxide is added as a dehumidifying agent while being stored.

Preparation of aromatic component

Modified candida tropicalis is used as a production strain, n-pentadecane is used as a main raw material, microbial fermentation is carried out, and pentadecane dicarboxylic acid is produced by utilizing the microbial fermentation process. And the product is primarily purified, the purity requirement is low, and the purity of the pentadecane diacid is generally controlled to be more than 65 percent. The crude product of the dibasic acid is used as a raw material, and the muscone is synthesized by using a conventional chemical reaction kettle.

Modified aspergillus niger is used as a production bacterium, ferulic acid is used as a main raw material, the fed-batch fermentation is adopted to produce vanillic acid, a fermentation product is subjected to crude extraction, the concentration of the vanillic acid is required to be not less than 35%, further, the crude extract is used as a main raw material, modified pycnoporus cinnabarinus is used as a production bacterium, a conversion product vanillin is obtained, and the product is subjected to crude extraction, the concentration of the vanillic acid is required to be not less than 20%.

Ginger extract was purchased from the market.

Adding muscone 15-20g, vanillin 25-30g and rhizoma Zingiberis recens extract 40-60g into per 100g of aromatic component, and mixing to obtain aromatic component. The aromatic component is used for masking odor, so only coarse purification is needed, the purity is ensured to be not less than 30%, and the production cost is reduced.

Preparation of four-component composite biological deodorant

Before the deodorant provided by the embodiment of the invention is used, the enzyme-containing component, the microbial component and the aromatic component are mixed and packaged according to the mass ratio, and preferably, the mass ratio of the enzyme-containing component to the microbial component to the aromatic component is 4:5: 1.

In the embodiment of the invention, the related modified nitrifying bacteria, azotobacter chroococcum, modified bacillus subtilis, modified rhizopus, modified candida tropicalis, modified aspergillus niger and modified pycnoporus cinnabarinus all adopt screening methods of universal nitrifying bacteria, azotobacter chroococcum, bacillus subtilis, rhizopus, candida tropicalis, aspergillus niger and pycnoporus cinnabarinus, and strains with corresponding enzyme activity are separated from green zone soil in a kitchen waste treatment plant park.

In the embodiment of the invention, the improved strains are further screened and optimized strains by a passage optimization improvement method, and the specific method for improving and optimizing the strains is as follows: respectively expanding strains with better growth speed and enzyme activity, and obtaining engineering bacteria with stable growth and development after 15-20 passages, namely obtaining corresponding improved strains.

Test example 1

1. The purpose of the test is as follows: the deodorizing performance of a specific strain in the deodorant of the example of the present invention was verified.

2. And (3) experimental design: in the manufacture of deodorant preparations, a specific strain is removed completely or increased by 2-fold. Then, the deodorant effect test is carried out simultaneously with the unchanged deodorant bactericide.

The deodorization test places are the polluted factory roads of the kitchen waste treatment factory in Beijing and the polluted roads of the refuse landfill in Guiyang city.

3. Orthogonal test Table, as shown in Table 1, the deodorizing effect test data of the strains in the deodorizer of the example of the present invention

TABLE 1

As shown in Table 1, each strain of the embodiment of the invention has good deodorization effect, especially, the deodorization performance after mixing exceeds the sum of the deodorization effects of the strains used alone, and the synergistic promotion effect among the strains is obvious in the deodorization process.

Test example 2

The test method comprises the steps of preparing a box body provided with a filter bed, wherein the box body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, 0.2kg of the deodorant prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is uniformly added on the filter bed to form a filter material, the odor of the kitchen waste treatment facility enters the box body from the air inlet, and the odor treated by the deodorant is discharged from the air outlet. After 14 days of the deodorization process, the recording of the deodorization effect data was started, as shown in table 2, which is an average value of the deodorization effect data recorded from the 20 th to 30 th days.

TABLE 2

As can be seen from table 2, the deodorant according to the embodiment of the present invention has a significant effect on removing odor generated by a kitchen waste disposal facility.

Test example 3

The test method comprises the steps of preparing a box body provided with a filter bed, wherein the box body is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, 0.2kg of the deodorant prepared in the embodiment 2 of the invention is uniformly added on the filter bed to form a filter material, the odor of the polluted pavement of a garbage treatment plant enters the box body from the air inlet, and the odor treated by the deodorant is discharged from the air outlet. After 14 days of the deodorization process, data of deodorization effects were recorded, as shown in Table 1, which is an average value of data of deodorization effects recorded from day 20 to day 30, as shown in Table 3

TABLE 3

As can be seen from table 3, the deodorant according to the embodiment of the present invention has a significant effect on removing odor generated from a contaminated road surface in a garbage disposal plant.

Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (9)

1. A deodorant for removing offensive odors derived from garbage wastes, comprising an enzyme-containing component and a microorganism component for degrading offensive odor-generating substances, and a fragrance component for masking offensive odors.

2. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 1,

the enzyme-containing component comprises, by mass, 3% -5% of protease, 1% -2% of amylase, 4% -6% of lipase, 4% -6% of horseradish peroxidase, 15% -17% of an adsorbent and 12% -14% of an electron acceptor.

3. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 2,

each enzyme in the enzyme-containing fraction has an activity of greater than 10⁵U/g。

4. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 2,

the adsorbent is one or more of wheat bran, fine rice bran and fine straw powder.

5. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 2,

the electron acceptor is calcium peroxide.

6. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 1,

the microorganism components comprise lactobacillus plantarum, streptococcus lactis, beer yeast, actinomycetes, bacillus subtilis, enterococcus faecalis, composite photosynthetic bacteria, modified nitrifying bacteria and modified azotobacter chroococcum.

7. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 6,

the thallus of the microbial component is bacterial powder, and the number of live bacteria in the bacterial powder is not less than 2 hundred million CFU/g.

8. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 1,

the aromatic component comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1% -2% of muscone, 2% -4% of vanillin and 3% -5% of ginger extract.

9. The deodorizer for deodorizing offensive odors produced from garbage wastes according to claim 1,

the mass ratio of the enzyme-containing component to the microbial component to the fragrance component is 4:5: 1.