CN111011484A - Method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears - Google Patents
Method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears Download PDFInfo
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- CN111011484A CN111011484A CN201911366841.3A CN201911366841A CN111011484A CN 111011484 A CN111011484 A CN 111011484A CN 201911366841 A CN201911366841 A CN 201911366841A CN 111011484 A CN111011484 A CN 111011484A
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- fragrant
- freezing
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- storing
- refreshing
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- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000014443 Pyrus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009461 vacuum packaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014489 Cinnamomum aromaticum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000003915 Lophatherum gracile Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000219784 Sophora Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000241413 Propolis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940069949 propolis Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000046101 Sophora japonica Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010586 Sophora japonica Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000628997 Flos Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000179970 Monarda didyma Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000010672 Monarda didyma Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009920 food preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012055 fruits and vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/16—Coating with a protective layer; Compositions or apparatus therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
- A23B7/024—Freeze-drying, i.e. cryodessication or lyophilisation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/04—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling
- A23B7/0425—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes
- A23B7/0433—Freezing; Subsequent thawing; Cooling the material not being transported through or in the apparatus, with or without shaping, e.g. in the form of powder, granules or flakes with packages or with shaping in the form of blocks or portions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears, which specifically comprises the following steps: 1) selecting raw materials; 2) cleaning: cleaning fresh fragrant pears; 3) slicing: slicing the washed fragrant pears; 4) putting the fragrant pear slices into a mixed solution of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract and the film-forming agent; 5) freezing: putting the fragrant pear slices into a vacuum environment at the temperature of between 45 ℃ below zero and 40 ℃ below zero, and freezing for 6 to 24 hours; 6) and (3) drying: pre-cooling the cold trap of the freeze dryer, then putting the fragrant pear slices frozen in the step S4 into the freeze dryer, vacuumizing and drying; 7) packaging: taking out the dried fragrant pear slices, and vacuum packaging. The invention has the advantages that: the fresh fragrant pears are quickly dried at low temperature by adopting a freezing process, the original color, flavor and quality of the fragrant pears are kept, the quality of the fragrant pears is effectively kept, the loss is reduced, the regional and seasonal supply is regulated, and the purposes of long-term storage, convenient eating and delayed consumption are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food preservation, in particular to a method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears.
Background
The prior common refreshing technology for the fragrant pears mainly comprises the means of low-temperature storage, modified atmosphere refreshing, addition of chemical additives and the like. These techniques then have certain limitations in practical applications. The cold chain technology is relatively immature at present, and the fragrant pears are more easily rotten and deteriorated due to temperature fluctuation in the processes of storage, transportation and sale, so that the long-distance transportation is not facilitated; the modified atmosphere preservation requires a modified atmosphere box or a gas generating device, so that the requirements on equipment are high and the cost is high; the chemical preservative can form residues on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, and has potential food safety problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the method for freezing, storing and refreshing the fragrant pears specifically comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh fragrant pears with uniform size, no plant diseases, insect pests, mechanical damage, no decay and deterioration, normal color and luster and moderate maturity as raw materials;
2) cleaning: cleaning fresh fragrant pears;
3) slicing: slicing the washed fragrant pears;
4) putting the fragrant pear slices into a mixed solution of the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the film-forming agent, soaking for 1-3 minutes, taking out, and draining; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution is 1: (10-50) (g/mL), wherein the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract to the film-forming agent is (20-100): 1;
5) freezing: putting the fragrant pear slices into a vacuum environment at the temperature of between 45 ℃ below zero and 40 ℃ below zero, and freezing for 6 to 24 hours;
6) and (3) drying: pre-cooling the cold trap of the freeze dryer, then putting the fragrant pear slices frozen in the step S4 into the freeze dryer, vacuumizing and drying;
7) packaging: taking out the dried fragrant pear slices, and vacuum packaging.
As a preferable scheme, the Chinese medicinal material water extract in the step 4) is prepared by adopting the following method: weighing 20-40 parts of lophatherum gracile, 20-40 parts of cortex mori, 5-15 parts of cassia leaves and 5-15 parts of sophora flowers; mixing the lophatherum gracile, the cortex mori radicis, the cassia leaves and the sophora japonica with deionized water which is 10-20 times of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, extracting for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution A and medicine residues; adding deionized water with the same volume as that of the extracting solution A into the dregs of a decoction, extracting for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution B; and combining the extracting solution A and the extracting solution B, concentrating under reduced pressure to 0.1-1 g crude drug/mL, and storing for later use.
As a preferable scheme, the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal material water extract to the film-forming agent in the step 4) is 20: 1.
as a preferable scheme, the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal material water extract to the film-forming agent in the step 4) is 50: 1.
as a preferable scheme, the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal material water extract to the film-forming agent in the step 4) is 80: 1.
as a preferable scheme, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the bergamot pear slices to the mixed solution in the step 4) is 1: 10 (g/mL).
As a preferable scheme, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the bergamot pear slices to the mixed solution in the step 4) is 1: 20 (g/mL).
As a preferable scheme, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the bergamot pear slices to the mixed solution in the step 4) is 1: 30 (g/mL).
As a preferable scheme, the film forming agent in the step 4) is one or more of chitosan, chitin, sodium alginate, wax, collagen, cellulose, polysaccharide, propolis and honey.
The invention has the advantages that: the fresh fragrant pears are quickly dried at low temperature by adopting a freezing process, the original color, flavor and quality of the fragrant pears are kept, the quality of the fragrant pears is effectively kept, the loss is reduced, the regional and seasonal supply is regulated, and the purposes of long-term storage, convenient eating and delayed consumption are achieved.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated below by means of specific examples, without being restricted thereto.
Example 1
The method for freezing, storing and refreshing the fragrant pears specifically comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh fragrant pears with uniform size, no plant diseases, insect pests, mechanical damage, no decay and deterioration, normal color and luster and moderate maturity as raw materials;
2) cleaning: cleaning fresh fragrant pears;
3) slicing: slicing the washed fragrant pears;
4) putting the fragrant pear slices into a mixed solution of the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the film-forming agent, soaking for 1 minute, taking out, and draining; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution is 1: 10(g/mL), wherein the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract to the film-forming agent is 20: 1;
5) freezing: putting the fragrant pear slices into a vacuum environment at the temperature of-45 ℃ for freezing for 6 hours;
6) and (3) drying: pre-cooling the cold trap of the freeze dryer, then putting the fragrant pear slices frozen in the step S4 into the freeze dryer, vacuumizing and drying;
7) packaging: taking out the dried fragrant pear slices, and vacuum packaging.
The Chinese medicinal material water extract in the step 4) is prepared by adopting the following method: weighing 20 parts of lophatherum gracile, 40 parts of cortex mori, 5 parts of cassia leaves and 15 parts of sophora flower; mixing folium Bambusae, cortex Mori, folium Cinnamomi, and flos Sophorae Immaturus with 10 times of deionized water, extracting at 80 deg.C for 3 hr, filtering, and collecting extractive solution A and residue; adding deionized water with the same volume as that of the extracting solution A into the dregs of a decoction, extracting for 2 hours at 80 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution B; mixing the extractive solution A and B, concentrating under reduced pressure to 0.1g crude drug/mL, and storing.
The film forming agent in the step 4) is chitosan.
Example 2
The method for freezing, storing and refreshing the fragrant pears specifically comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh fragrant pears with uniform size, no plant diseases, insect pests, mechanical damage, no decay and deterioration, normal color and luster and moderate maturity as raw materials;
2) cleaning: cleaning fresh fragrant pears;
3) slicing: slicing the washed fragrant pears;
4) putting the fragrant pear slices into a mixed solution of the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the film-forming agent, soaking for 3 minutes, taking out, and draining; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution is 1: 50(g/mL), wherein the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract to the film-forming agent is 100: 1;
5) freezing: putting the fragrant pear slices into a vacuum environment at the temperature of-40 ℃ for freezing for 24 hours;
6) and (3) drying: pre-cooling the cold trap of the freeze dryer, then putting the fragrant pear slices frozen in the step S4 into the freeze dryer, vacuumizing and drying;
7) packaging: taking out the dried fragrant pear slices, and vacuum packaging.
The Chinese medicinal material water extract in the step 4) is prepared by adopting the following method: weighing 30 parts of lophatherum gracile, 30 parts of cortex mori radicis, 10 parts of cassia leaves and 10 parts of sophora flower; mixing folium Bambusae, cortex Mori, folium Cinnamomi, and flos Sophorae Immaturus with 20 times of deionized water, extracting at 60 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering, and collecting extractive solution A and residue; adding deionized water with the same volume as that of the extracting solution A into the dregs of a decoction, extracting for 2 hours at 60 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution B; mixing the extractive solution A and B, concentrating under reduced pressure to 1g crude drug/mL, and storing.
The film forming agent in the step 4) is sodium alginate.
Example 3
The method for freezing, storing and refreshing the fragrant pears specifically comprises the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh fragrant pears with uniform size, no plant diseases, insect pests, mechanical damage, no decay and deterioration, normal color and luster and moderate maturity as raw materials;
2) cleaning: cleaning fresh fragrant pears;
3) slicing: slicing the washed fragrant pears;
4) putting the fragrant pear slices into a mixed solution of the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the film-forming agent, soaking for 2 minutes, taking out, and draining; wherein, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution is 1: 30(g/mL), wherein the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract to the film-forming agent is 50: 1;
5) freezing: putting the fragrant pear slices into a vacuum environment at the temperature of-42 ℃ for freezing for 12 hours;
6) and (3) drying: pre-cooling the cold trap of the freeze dryer, then putting the fragrant pear slices frozen in the step S4 into the freeze dryer, vacuumizing and drying;
7) packaging: taking out the dried fragrant pear slices, and vacuum packaging.
The Chinese medicinal material water extract in the step 4) is prepared by adopting the following method: weighing 40 parts of lophatherum gracile, 20 parts of cortex mori, 15 parts of cassia leaves and 15 parts of sophora flower; mixing folium Bambusae, cortex Mori, folium Cinnamomi, and flos Sophorae Immaturus with 20 times of deionized water, extracting at 70 deg.C for 2 hr, filtering, and collecting extractive solution A and residue; adding deionized water with the same volume as that of the extracting solution A into the dregs of a decoction, extracting for 1 hour at 70 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution B; mixing the extractive solution A and B, concentrating under reduced pressure to 0.5g crude drug/mL, and storing.
The film forming agent in the step 4) is propolis.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for freezing, storing and refreshing the fragrant pears is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) selecting raw materials: selecting fresh fragrant pears with uniform size, no plant diseases, insect pests, mechanical damage, no decay and deterioration, normal color and luster and moderate maturity as raw materials;
2) cleaning: cleaning fresh fragrant pears;
3) slicing: slicing the washed fragrant pears;
4) putting the fragrant pear slices into a mixed solution of the water extract of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the film-forming agent, soaking for 1-3 minutes, taking out, and draining; wherein,
the solid-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution is 1: (10-50) (g/mL), wherein the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract to the film-forming agent is (20-100): 1;
5) freezing: putting the fragrant pear slices into a vacuum environment at the temperature of between 45 ℃ below zero and 40 ℃ below zero, and freezing for 6 to 24 hours;
6) and (3) drying: pre-cooling the cold trap of the freeze dryer, then putting the fragrant pear slices frozen in the step S4 into the freeze dryer, vacuumizing and drying;
7) packaging: taking out the dried fragrant pear slices, and vacuum packaging.
2. The method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the Chinese medicinal material water extract in the step 4) is prepared by adopting the following method: weighing 20-40 parts of lophatherum gracile, 20-40 parts of cortex mori, 5-15 parts of cassia leaves and 5-15 parts of sophora flowers; mixing the lophatherum gracile, the cortex mori radicis, the cassia leaves and the sophora japonica with deionized water which is 10-20 times of the total weight of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials, extracting for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution A and medicine residues; adding deionized water with the same volume as that of the extracting solution A into the dregs of a decoction, extracting for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, filtering, and collecting an extracting solution B; and combining the extracting solution A and the extracting solution B, concentrating under reduced pressure to 0.1-1 g crude drug/mL, and storing for later use.
3. The method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal material water extract to the film-forming agent in the step 4) is 20: 1.
4. the method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the Chinese medicinal material water extract to the film-forming agent in the step 4) is 50: 1.
5. the method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the weight ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine water extract to the film-forming agent in the step 4) is 80: 1.
6. the method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution in the step 4) is 1: 10 (g/mL).
7. The method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution in the step 4) is 1: 20 (g/mL).
8. The method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the solid-to-liquid ratio of the fragrant pear slices to the mixed solution in the step 4) is 1: 30 (g/mL).
9. The method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the film forming agent in the step 4) is one or more of chitosan, chitin, sodium alginate, wax, collagen, cellulose, polysaccharide, propolis and honey.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911366841.3A CN111011484A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911366841.3A CN111011484A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111011484A true CN111011484A (en) | 2020-04-17 |
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ID=70214645
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911366841.3A Pending CN111011484A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Method for freezing, storing and refreshing fragrant pears |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111011484A (en) |
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- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911366841.3A patent/CN111011484A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20200417 |