CN111007461A - Lithium battery thermal runaway positioning system and method based on acoustic signals - Google Patents
Lithium battery thermal runaway positioning system and method based on acoustic signals Download PDFInfo
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- CN111007461A CN111007461A CN201911371182.2A CN201911371182A CN111007461A CN 111007461 A CN111007461 A CN 111007461A CN 201911371182 A CN201911371182 A CN 201911371182A CN 111007461 A CN111007461 A CN 111007461A
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- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
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- QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N (r)-(6-ethoxyquinolin-4-yl)-[(2s,4s,5r)-5-ethyl-1-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-2-yl]methanol;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.C([C@H]([C@H](C1)CC)C2)CN1[C@@H]2[C@H](O)C1=CC=NC2=CC=C(OCC)C=C21 QNRATNLHPGXHMA-XZHTYLCXSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/18—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using ultrasonic, sonic, or infrasonic waves
- G01S5/20—Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on acoustic signals, which belongs to the technical field of lithium battery safety.A quaternary plane microphone matrix system is constructed at first, and opening acoustic signals of a safety valve in a battery cabin are collected and identified, wherein a lithium battery corresponding to the safety valve is a target lithium battery; then obtaining the time delay of each sound sensor in the quaternary plane microphone matrix system for receiving the opening sound signal of the safety valve; finally, positioning analysis is carried out on the target lithium battery by adopting a time delay positioning algorithm and combining the distance, so as to obtain a positioning result of the target lithium battery; according to the invention, the opening sound signal of the lithium battery safety valve is introduced as the thermal runaway positioning signal, so that accurate positioning information can be provided, and pertinence is provided for measures such as follow-up fire-fighting measures.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery safety, in particular to a lithium battery thermal runaway positioning system and method based on acoustic signals.
Background
In recent years, large-scale energy storage power stations have been widely developed in recent years, and lithium ion batteries are good carriers for developing large-scale energy storage power stations due to good energy density and charging and discharging times. In addition, the direct current power supply is used as important power supply guarantee equipment in the transformer substation, supports the safe, stable and intelligent operation of the whole substation, and also realizes high reliability, high safety and intellectualization. At present, a lead-acid battery direct-current power supply system adopted by a transformer substation is short in service life, poor in reliability and heavy. The operation and maintenance mainly depend on manual operation, and the workload is large and the cost is high. Lithium batteries have long service life, good temperature characteristics and high reliability, are regarded as ideal replacements for lead-acid batteries, and in recent years, the trend of replacing lead-acid batteries with lithium ion batteries has emerged, and some pilot works are carried out.
However, since the first commercial application of the lithium ion battery in 1991, the characteristic of easy occurrence of thermal runaway and abuse in the charging and discharging process bring certain danger to the application, and the application of the lithium ion battery in a large-scale energy storage power station is also hindered. For example, in the wind power plant of the lingyan tunnel of korea in 2018, the energy storage equipment has a fire accident, so that the 706m 2-scale battery building and more than 3500 lithium batteries are all burnt, and the economic loss exceeds 400 ten thousand dollars.
The safety risks faced by electrochemical energy storage application mainly comprise the following two aspects that ① batteries are components containing high-energy substances, and fire and explosion risks exist due to improper management, at the present stage, safety assessment and plan measure shortage of fire risks related to energy storage are realized, an electrochemical energy storage battery system lacks an internal controllable safety design, but the effectiveness of a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent which is most widely applied at present is not verified, and in the aspects of ② Battery Management Systems (BMS) and energy storage converters (PCS), technical levels are different, faults such as failure of analog quantity measurement function, failure of battery management system alarm function, failure of local operation state display function and the like can occur, which can cause the battery management system protection function to be not reacted, and if the battery or system failure cannot be found in time, a larger accident can be caused, so that battery pack equipment is damaged and the like.
Due to a plurality of reasons for thermal runaway in the electrochemical energy storage cabin, the prior art cannot completely prevent the thermal runaway from occurring. Therefore, an early warning technology is urgently needed to timely identify and early warn when the lithium battery is out of control due to heat, and further effective measures are taken to avoid the energy storage cabin from being exploded due to fire.
In the design and manufacture of lithium ion hard shell batteries, in order to avoid explosion of a sealed metal shell, a safety valve is arranged at the top of the lithium ion hard shell battery, and the safety valve is standard for lithium batteries and is also the most important explosion-proof barrier. When thermal runaway happens inside the battery, the internal compound expands when heated, and when the pressure is too high, the safety valve at the top of the battery can open to exhaust and reduce the pressure, so that explosion is avoided. However, after the safety valve is opened, chemical substances leaked from the inside of the battery may chemically react with oxygen in the air under high temperature conditions, and thus fire may be generated. According to the thermal runaway early warning method (application number: 201910529522.3) based on the detection of the opening sound signal of the safety valve of the lithium battery, the opening sound of the safety valve is used as the early warning signal, so that early warning can be provided for the thermal runaway of the lithium ion hard shell battery, sufficient time can be provided for taking fire-fighting measures in the later period, and the loss in a larger range can be effectively avoided. The sound is used as an early warning signal, and the battery compartment early warning device has the advantages of high propagation speed and strong scattering capability, so that the requirement on the installation position of the sensor is not high, the detection on the sound environment in the whole battery compartment can be realized by a single sound detector, the sound detector is low in price and easy to install, and the existing battery compartment is not required to be transformed on a large scale.
After early thermal runaway in the battery compartment is identified, the outage of the full battery compartment is generally used as a processing means, the battery needs to be checked individually after overhaul, and the purpose is poor. However, hundreds of lithium batteries and tens of thousands of lithium batteries are arranged in the conventional battery cabin, and the batteries are generally packaged by a module, so that the single inspection is time-consuming and labor-consuming. And the shutdown and power failure of the full battery compartment often have great influence, and bring inestimable accident losses such as economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a system and a method for positioning thermal runaway of a lithium battery based on an acoustic signal, which solve the technical problem that the thermal runaway of a battery cabin cannot be accurately positioned at present.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a lithium battery thermal runaway positioning system based on acoustic signals comprises a quaternary plane microphone matrix, a signal acquisition module, an analysis and identification module and a power supply module,
the quaternary plane microphone matrix is arranged at the top of the battery compartment and used for collecting sound signals in the battery compartment;
the signal acquisition module is connected with the quaternary plane microphone matrix and is used for processing acquired sound signals;
the analysis and identification module is used for identifying a safety valve opening sound signal in the sound signal and realizing the positioning of the target lithium battery by using the safety valve opening sound signal and adopting a time delay positioning algorithm;
and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the system.
Furthermore, the quaternary planar microphone matrix comprises four sound sensors, and the sound sensors are arranged in a quadrilateral manner.
Furthermore, the sound sensors are arranged in a diamond shape, the center point of the diamond shape is overlapped with the center point of the top surface of the battery compartment, the short diagonal line of the diamond shape is arranged on the short side of the top surface of the battery compartment, and the long diagonal line of the diamond shape is arranged on the long side of the top surface of the battery compartment.
Furthermore, the sound sensors are arranged in a square shape, and the middle point of the square shape is superposed with the central point of the top surface of the battery compartment.
A lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on acoustic signals comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting and identifying a safety valve opening sound signal in a battery compartment, wherein a lithium battery corresponding to the safety valve is a target lithium battery;
step 2: acquiring time delay of each sound sensor receiving a safety valve opening sound signal;
and step 3: and performing positioning analysis on the target lithium battery by adopting a time delay positioning algorithm and combining the distance to obtain a positioning result of the target lithium battery.
Further, the sound sensors are arranged in a square shape, the positioning analysis comprises direction-finding positioning analysis and distance-finding positioning analysis, and the time delay positioning algorithm adopts the following formula:
wherein, the sound sensors 1-4 are distributed at four corners of the square, the center of the square is taken as the origin,
indicating the azimuth angle of the target lithium battery, theta indicating the elevation angle of the target lithium battery, tau41Representing the time delay, tau corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 1 and the sound sensor 4 and the target lithium battery31Representing the time delay, tau corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 3 and the sound sensor 1 and the target lithium battery21And time delay corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 2 and the sound sensor 1 and the target lithium battery is represented, C represents sound velocity, L represents the side length of the sound sensor in square arrangement, and r represents the distance between the target lithium battery and the origin.
Further, the method also comprises the step 4: and carrying out error analysis on the positioning result, wherein the error analysis comprises direction finding error analysis and distance measuring error analysis, and correcting the positioning result by using the error analysis result.
Further, the direction-finding error analysis adopts the formula:
Further, the ranging error analysis includes:
wherein σrThe distance variance is indicated.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a sound signal for opening the lithium battery safety valve is introduced as a thermal runaway positioning signal, so that accurate positioning information can be provided, and pertinence is provided for measures such as follow-up fire-fighting measures and the like; the sound sensors are convenient to install, and the effective positioning of the thermal runaway sound source in the whole battery compartment can be completed by arranging the four sound sensors in the battery compartment; and the positioning result is subjected to error analysis, so that the positioning precision is further improved.
The method is convenient to implement, does not need to implement large-scale modification on the existing battery compartment which is currently operated, can be simultaneously applied to the existing battery compartment and a newly built battery compartment in the future, and has the advantage of wide application range; the sound sensor is low in price and is an economical and friendly technical scheme.
The sound sensors in the quaternary plane microphone matrix system adopt a square or rhombic arrangement mode, the square arrangement mode can simplify a positioning algorithm, and the rhombic arrangement mode is more suitable for a battery compartment, so that the positioning precision is higher.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is an overall flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery compartment configuration;
FIG. 3 is a time domain, frequency domain map of a safety valve opening sound signal;
FIG. 4 is a time domain and frequency domain map of battery compartment operating noise;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery compartment sound collection;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of square array positioning;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the positioning of a diamond array.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a lithium battery thermal runaway positioning system based on an acoustic signal, before positioning, firstly, a test platform needs to be designed, a high sampling rate microphone is used for collecting safety valve opening sound and running noise in a battery compartment, a thermal runaway safety valve opening sound collection platform is simulated, and as shown in fig. 2, noise collection is carried out in the battery compartment; in a laboratory simulation test, an overcharge test is carried out on a lithium ion battery in a battery compartment designed in a one-to-one mode, the lithium ion battery is out of control due to heat, a safety valve is used for developing an acoustic signal, and the acoustic signal is collected at the top of the battery compartment by using a high sampling rate microphone. And then, the on-site environmental noise is acquired in the battery cabin in the prior art, the high-sampling-rate microphone sample is placed at the top, the on-site environmental noise comprises the internal cooling air-conditioning noise of the battery cabin, the BMS operation noise, the current sound of battery charging and discharging, the noise generated by PCS, the activity noise of maintainers, the noise of opening and closing the cabin door and the like, and the components are complex.
Analyzing time domain and frequency domain maps of safety valve opening sounds and noises in the battery compartment, and researching the characteristic rule of safety valve opening sound signals, wherein the time domain and frequency domain maps of the safety valve opening sounds are shown in figure 3, and the time domain and frequency domain maps of field noises are shown in figure 4;
it can be seen from the figure that the time domain and frequency domain maps of the safety valve opening sound and the site environment noise are different greatly, the site noise is irregular white noise, the amplitude is low, the lithium ion battery safety valve opening sound is in a pulse-shaped waveform, the duration is short, and the signal can reach the peak value in a very short time, is large in duplication and is attenuated in an approximately exponential manner. The identification method of the safety valve opening acoustic signal in the battery compartment is the prior art.
The system comprises a quaternary plane microphone matrix, a signal acquisition module, an analysis and identification module and a power module, wherein the quaternary plane microphone matrix is arranged at the top of a battery compartment and used for acquiring sound signals in the battery compartment; the quadrilateral arrangement mode can be further divided into a square arrangement mode and a rhombus arrangement mode, the square arrangement mode simplifies a positioning algorithm, and the rhombus arrangement mode improves the positioning precision.
Wherein the rhombic arrangement is as follows: the top surface of the battery compartment is rectangular, so that the center point of the rhombus coincides with the center point of the rectangle, the short diagonal line of the rhombus is arranged on the short side (a line passing through the center point and parallel to the short side) of the top surface of the battery compartment, and the long diagonal line of the rhombus is arranged on the long side (a line passing through the center point and parallel to the long side) of the top surface of the battery compartment.
The square arrangement mode specifically comprises: the middle point of the square coincides with the center point of the top surface of the battery compartment, and the side of the square is parallel to the side of the top surface of the battery compartment.
The signal acquisition module is connected with the quaternary plane microphone matrix and is used for processing acquired sound signals; the signal acquisition module comprises four modules of amplification, filtering, signal processing and wireless communication.
The power supply module is used for supplying power to the system, and 220V power frequency alternating current is converted into direct current through the alternating current to direct current module and then supplies power to the equipment module;
and the analysis and identification module is used for identifying a safety valve opening sound signal in the sound signal and realizing the positioning of the target lithium battery by using the safety valve opening sound signal and adopting a time delay positioning algorithm, and is a PC control terminal.
After the system is powered on and operated, the sound signals are collected by the sensor and converted into electric signals, then the electric signals are amplified by the amplifier and sent into the filtering part, the filtering module can output original signals in 3 modes of low frequency, high frequency and full frequency band, a tester only needs to give a certain control operation instruction to the collection system through the upper computer, the signal frequency band output mode can be selected, and the operation amount of signal processing can be reduced to a certain extent. After the signal passes through the control unit to complete AD sampling, the digital signal obtained by sampling is transmitted to a PC control end in a wireless transmission mode through an antenna, and then data can be directly called to analyze and process the four paths of synchronous acoustic signals.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on an acoustic signal, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting and identifying a safety valve opening sound signal in a battery compartment, wherein a lithium battery corresponding to the safety valve is a target lithium battery; based on the analysis of the safety valve opening sound signal, the operation noise in the battery cabin is collected, the safety valve opening sound signal is identified by adopting a safety valve opening sound signal identification algorithm, and when the amplitude of the safety valve opening sound signal exceeds a preset value, the target lithium battery corresponding to the safety valve is positioned.
Step 2: acquiring time delay of each sound sensor receiving a safety valve opening sound signal; when the quaternary plane microphone matrix system identifies that the safety valve is opened, the time for receiving the sound signals by the four sound sensors is obtained from the collected data, and the time delay before each sound sensor is obtained.
And step 3: and performing positioning analysis on the target lithium battery by adopting a time delay positioning algorithm and combining the distance to obtain a positioning result of the target lithium battery.
In the present embodiment, the sound sensors are arranged in a square shape, as shown in fig. 6, where S denotes a target lithium battery, M1, M2, M3, and M4 denote four sound sensors, i.e., microphones, respectively, 4 microphones are located on the xoy plane with the center of the square as the origin,
indicating the azimuth angle of the target lithium battery, theta indicating the elevation angle of the target lithium battery, tau41Representing the time delay, tau corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 1 and the sound sensor 4 and the target lithium battery31Representing the time delay, tau corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 3 and the sound sensor 1 and the target lithium battery21Representing time delay corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 2 and the sound sensor 1 and a target lithium battery, C representing sound velocity, L representing side length of the sound sensor in square arrangement, and r representing the distance between the target lithium battery and the sound sensorThe distance of the origin;
the time delay positioning algorithm adopts the following formula:
the distance r and the azimuth angle measured according to the algorithm
And (5) obtaining the position of the battery with the thermal runaway by the elevation angle theta.
Further comprising the step 3: and carrying out error analysis on the positioning result, wherein the error analysis comprises direction finding error analysis and distance measuring error analysis, and correcting the positioning result by using the error analysis result.
The direction error analysis adopts the following formula:
Therefore, when the planar square microphone array is adopted to carry out target direction finding solution, the azimuth angle
The error and the elevation angle theta error are independent of the distance r, but are independent of the array pitch L, the speed of sound C and the delay estimate tauijEtc. to cause errors. When the delay variance is a specific value and the influence of other errors is not considered, the azimuth error caused by the delay error decreases with the increase of the elevation angle theta, and the elevation error increases with the increase of the elevation angle thetaIs large.
The ranging error analysis comprises:
wherein σrThe distance variance is indicated.
When the planar square array is used for positioning the target, the distance measurement error is equal to the sound velocity C, the distance L, the elevation angle theta and the azimuth angle of the array are
The distance r and errors caused by delay estimation and the like are all related; and when the variance of the delay estimate is a certain value, the variance of the ranging is in inverse proportion to the square of the array spacing L, thus confirming why the target ranging error caused by a small array is larger, i.e. increasing the spacing L can reduce the target ranging error.
The distance between the microphones is larger, the positioning is more accurate, the top space of the energy storage cabin is long and narrow, and the distance between the microphones is greatly limited if square arrangement is adopted. The batteries in the typical battery compartment are arranged along two sides of the channel, more batteries are placed along the channel direction, and the number of the batteries placed on two sides is less, so that higher requirements are provided for positioning in the channel direction.
The invention further provides a four-element diamond microphone arrangement method, as shown in fig. 7, a narrow and long space at the top is maximally utilized, and the positioning accuracy is greatly improved.
The central point of the diamond is taken as the origin of coordinates, and the coordinates of each microphone are taken as
The coordinates of the target lithium battery are (x, y, z) wherein L>In a rectangular coordinate system, the following equation can be obtained:
wherein r' represents the distance from the target lithium battery to the origin; r is1Indicates the distance, r, of the microphone 1 from the target lithium battery2Indicates the distance, r, of the microphone 2 from the target lithium battery3Denotes the distance, r, of the microphone 3 from the target lithium battery4The distance between the microphone 4 and the target lithium battery is represented, and the relation between x, y and z and a spherical coordinate system under a rectangular coordinate system is as follows:
and changing the rectangular coordinate system into a polar coordinate system, and obtaining the positioning result under the arrangement of the diamond microphones by combining the above formula. Through the rhombus arrangement, the positioning error of the microphone matrix can be greatly reduced.
The invention also carries out modularized division on the internal space of the battery compartment based on the arrangement mode of cluster-level battery modules, uses a sound player to play the opening sound of the safety valve at the corresponding module position, carries out analog simulation on the opening event of the safety valve, tests the accuracy of the identification system based on the cluster-level space division method, and carries out parameter tuning of the algorithm aiming at the analog result.
Besides errors generated in the aspect of algorithm, in the practical application of a space field, errors caused by reasons such as wire signal attenuation and obstacle shielding can also be generated, and errors which are difficult to simulate in a theoretical angle can be generated, so that a simulation experiment is required. The batteries in the battery compartment are arranged in vertical clusters, the batteries are also managed horizontally in cluster levels, the operation difficulty can be reduced again by dividing the space in the battery compartment into corresponding modules, and the positioning accuracy is improved.
Playing high-definition safety valve opening sound in the corresponding divided space, recording the corresponding position and the position estimated by the system (entering the divided space module) for comparison, and correcting different errors of sound sources in different directions. And finally, changing the output value judged by the system from the distance and the direction into the corresponding battery cluster space.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a lithium cell thermal runaway positioning system based on acoustic signal which characterized in that: comprises a quaternary plane microphone matrix, a signal acquisition module, an analysis and identification module and a power supply module,
the quaternary plane microphone matrix is arranged at the top of the battery compartment and used for collecting sound signals in the battery compartment;
the signal acquisition module is connected with the quaternary plane microphone matrix and is used for processing acquired sound signals;
the analysis and identification module is used for identifying a safety valve opening sound signal in the sound signal and realizing the positioning of the target lithium battery by using the safety valve opening sound signal and adopting a time delay positioning algorithm;
and the power supply module is used for supplying power to the system.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the quaternary planar microphone matrix comprises four sound sensors which are arranged in a quadrilateral mode.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein the system comprises: the sound sensors are arranged in a diamond shape, the center point of the diamond shape is overlapped with the center point of the top surface of the battery compartment, the short diagonal line of the diamond shape is arranged on the short side of the top surface of the battery compartment, and the long diagonal line of the diamond shape is arranged on the long side of the top surface of the battery compartment.
4. The system of claim 2, wherein the system comprises: the sound sensors are arranged in a square shape, and the middle point of the square coincides with the center point of the top surface of the battery compartment.
5. The sound signal-based lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on claim 2 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: collecting and identifying a safety valve opening sound signal in a battery compartment, wherein a lithium battery corresponding to the safety valve is a target lithium battery;
step 2: acquiring time delay of each sound sensor receiving a safety valve opening sound signal;
and step 3: and performing positioning analysis on the target lithium battery by adopting a time delay positioning algorithm and combining the distance to obtain a positioning result of the target lithium battery.
6. The lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on the acoustic signal as recited in claim 5, wherein: the sound sensors are arranged in a square shape, the positioning analysis comprises direction-finding positioning analysis and distance-measuring positioning analysis, and the time delay positioning algorithm adopts the following formula:
wherein, the sound sensors 1-4 are distributed at four corners of the square, the center of the square is taken as the origin,
indicating the azimuth angle of the target lithium battery, theta indicating the elevation angle of the target lithium battery, tau41Representing the time delay, tau corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 1 and the sound sensor 4 and the target lithium battery31Representing the time delay, tau corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 3 and the sound sensor 1 and the target lithium battery21And time delay corresponding to the distance difference between the sound sensor 2 and the sound sensor 1 and the target lithium battery is represented, C represents sound velocity, L represents the side length of the sound sensor in square arrangement, and r represents the distance between the target lithium battery and the origin.
7. The lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on the acoustic signal as recited in claim 6, wherein: further comprising the step 4: and carrying out error analysis on the positioning result, wherein the error analysis comprises direction finding error analysis and distance measuring error analysis, and correcting the positioning result by using the error analysis result.
8. The lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on the acoustic signal as recited in claim 7, wherein: the direction error analysis adopts the following formula:
9. The lithium battery thermal runaway positioning method based on the acoustic signal as recited in claim 7, wherein: the ranging error analysis comprises:
wherein σrThe distance variance is indicated.
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