CN111006915A - Grid partition sampling structure of large-section flue - Google Patents
Grid partition sampling structure of large-section flue Download PDFInfo
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- CN111006915A CN111006915A CN201911270937.XA CN201911270937A CN111006915A CN 111006915 A CN111006915 A CN 111006915A CN 201911270937 A CN201911270937 A CN 201911270937A CN 111006915 A CN111006915 A CN 111006915A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
- G01N1/2247—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas
- G01N1/2258—Sampling from a flowing stream of gas in a stack or chimney
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
- B01D46/12—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces in multiple arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-section flue grid partitioning sampling structure which comprises a plurality of sampling rods equidistantly distributed in a flue, wherein a plurality of sampling heads are equidistantly distributed on each sampling rod, each sampling head is independently connected with a sample gas pipe, and the sample gas pipes respectively extend out of the flue along the sampling rods and are connected to detection equipment to detect smoke parameters of each sampling point. The sampling head includes sampling pipe and the filter of setting in the sampling pipe, and the sampling mouth has been seted up to sampling pipe one side, and the sampling mouth link up with the air inlet of filter, and the filter is the cylindrical shape that the axial link up, and the air inlet of filter is its axial one end, and appearance trachea connection is to the lateral wall of filter. The invention evenly distributes a plurality of detection points on the cross section of the flue, each sampling head is respectively connected with a sample gas pipe, the sample gas pipes are communicated with the detection equipment outside the flue, the nitrogen content in the flue gas of each sampling head area is detected one by one, and the regional monitoring of the flue is really realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a grid partitioned sampling structure of a large-section flue, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas detection.
Background
At present, the power generation amount of thermal power in China still accounts for 75% of the total power generation amount in China, so NOx (nitrogen oxides, which are collectively called as NO and NO mainly) generated in the thermal power industry2) The total NOx emission amount in ChinaThe method is mainly used, the strict control of the NOx emission of the thermal power plant is imperative, and the method is based on the fact that the NOx emission standard of the thermal power plant is continuously improved in recent years in China.
SCR is a Selective Catalytic Reduction technology (Selective Catalytic Reduction), and an SCR flue gas denitration system adopts ammonia gas (NH)3) As a reducing medium, the basic principle is that ammonia gas is sprayed into a flue, fully mixed with raw flue gas and then enters a reaction tower, and under the action of a catalyst and in the presence of oxygen, the ammonia gas selectively reacts with NOx in the flue gas to generate harmless nitrogen (N)2) And water (H)2O)。
Currently, the evaluation of the SCR effect is judged by a single point measurement of NOx at the SCR outlet. However, this approach does not yield the NOx non-uniformity from zoned ammonia injection.
Therefore, zoned measurements of NOx are being gradually undertaken within the industry to more fully evaluate SCR effectiveness. And the NOx value of each zone is fed back to the ammonia injection system to optimize the zone ammonia injection so as to further achieve the effects of emission reduction and energy conservation.
As can be seen from the SCR diagram, the measurement point for which the zoned NOx value is optimal is immediately below the lowermost catalyst layer before the narrowing of the flue. However, this position span is large in size. Considering the temperature of the flue gas (>300 ℃) and the scouring of the flue gas containing particles to the structure at high temperature and high speed, no scheme for grid partition sampling at the position exists at present.
The existing SCR outlet NOx zone sampling mode in the industry at present is as follows:
scheme 1: by sampling the side wall of the flue in different regions
In this way the sampling rod can only extend a limited distance into the flue (typically <2 metres) and therefore the NOx values obtained at the sampling points do not represent the difference between the position of the flue close to the wall and the position close to the centre, which difference is usually not negligible, as evidenced by practice.
Scheme 2: zonal sampling at reduced cross-sectional locations
By taking the flue size of 100 ten thousand units of a certain power plant as reference, the section of the catalyst layer is 10X13 m, the size after shrinkage is 3X4 m, and the area of the section is reduced to about 1/10. Therefore, the flue gas of different ammonia injection zones at different positions is reduced to be mixed, so that the zone NOx in the mode does not represent significance.
Scheme 3: large cross section grid sampling, but not zoning (on the same sampling tube)
Sampling is carried out by a cross hollow sampling tube, and the side wall of the sampling tube is filled with sample gas. The sample gas obtained in this way is a mixture of a plurality of sampling points (the tangential flow cannot be leveled), and the partition data of each sampling point cannot be obtained.
Therefore, the prior art can not accurately monitor the denitrification effect of each area on the cross section and can not provide accurate dosage guidance for upstream ammonia injection.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a grid partitioned sampling structure of a large-section flue, which has the following specific technical scheme:
the utility model provides a big cross-section flue net subregion sampling structure, includes that the equidistance distributes many sampling rods in the flue, and equidistant distribution has a plurality of sampling heads on every sampling rod, and every sampling head independently connects a respective appearance trachea, and appearance trachea is connected to check out test set, detects the flue gas parameter at each sampling point along the sampling rod respectively outside stretching out the flue.
Furthermore, the sampling rod selects a multi-section splicing mode, the sampling head is spliced between two adjacent sections of sampling rods, and a flange is arranged at the end part of the sampling rod connected with the sampling head and is fixedly connected with the sampling head through the flange.
Furthermore, the sampling rod penetrates through a support sleeve, the support sleeve spans in the flue, one end of the support sleeve is fixed with the inner wall of the flue, the other end of the support sleeve is spaced from the inner wall of the flue on the opposite side, the end is lifted by a support member fixed on the inner wall of the flue,
the support sleeve is provided with slide rails along the two horizontal sides of the rectangular length of the support sleeve, the two sides of the flange are provided with notches, the notches are erected on the slide rails,
sampling pole pull mouth has been seted up to the flue, and the sampling pole can be followed sampling pole pull mouth and pulled out.
Further, the sampling head includes sampling pipe and the filter of setting in the sampling pipe, the sample connection has been seted up to sampling pipe one side, the air current direction in sample connection and the flue is perpendicular, the sample connection link up with the air inlet of filter, and the filter is the cylindrical shape that the axial link up, the air inlet of filter is its axial one end, and appearance trachea is connected to the lateral wall of filter.
Further, the sampling pipe is the pipe shape, and the mounting hole has been seted up with the pipe wall perpendicularly to a set of opposite side of its axial, and the mounting hole is the rectangle, forms the platform around the mounting hole, be provided with the installation lid in the mounting hole, the sampling opening is seted up at installation lid center, and the gas outlet has been seted up at the installation lid center of the opposite side of sampling opening, and the both ends mouth of filter aligns with air inlet and gas outlet respectively.
Furthermore, the sampling tube is internally provided with a positioning device for fixing the sample tube and the filter, a group of opposite sides of the positioning device are axially provided with semicircular grooves capable of clamping the sample tube, a group of opposite sides of the middle part of the positioning device in the radial direction are provided with retaining rings with circular arc openings, the retaining rings surround the circumference of the filter, and the axial center of the positioning device is a through channel.
Furthermore, a circle of filter screen is arranged on the circumference of the filter, a space is reserved between the filter screen and the inner wall of the filter, and the sample gas pipe penetrates through the inner wall of the filter and is communicated with the space.
Furthermore, a plurality of suspension mechanisms are arranged on the support sleeve at equal intervals, the upper part of each suspension mechanism is fixed with the support in the flue, and the lower end of each suspension mechanism drags the support sleeve.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the invention is mainly applied to the flue of the thermal power plant with a larger cross section, is used for detecting the nitrogen content in the gas after ammonia injection and denitration, and guides the upstream ammonia injection dosage and the ammonia injection flow of each area of the cross section of the flue according to the detection result.
When the cross section of the flue is large (such as 10 meters and 10 meters), in order to fully remove the pins of the gas in the flue, a plurality of regularly arranged ammonia spraying heads are arranged on the cross section in different areas, and the spraying areas of adjacent ammonia spraying heads are adjacent to each other, so that the whole gas flow section can be sprayed. In order to provide effective denitration effect feedback for each ammonia spraying head, the structure of the invention is arranged at the lower reaches of the flue with the equal cross section, the distribution of the sampling heads is consistent with that of the ammonia spraying heads, the area detected by each sampling head corresponds to the spraying area of one ammonia spraying head at the upper reaches, when a certain sampling head detects that nitrogen exceeds the standard, the ammonia spraying head at the upper reaches can be fed back in time to know that the ammonia spraying head at the upper reaches is insufficient in ammonia spraying, or the sampling head detects that the nitrogen content is lower than the lower limit value, the ammonia spraying head at the upper reaches can be fed back in time to spray ammonia excessively, and measures can be taken in time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention overcomes the problem and the blank that the prior art can not realize the regional detection of the flue gas in the large-section flue, realizes that a plurality of detection points are uniformly distributed on the cross section of the flue, each sampling head is respectively connected with a sample gas pipe, and the sample gas pipes are communicated with the detection equipment outside the flue, thereby detecting the nitrogen content in the flue gas of each sampling head region one by one and really realizing the regional monitoring of the flue.
The sampling rod can be pulled out from the flue, the sampling head is replaced outside the flue, and the operability is high.
A certain distance is reserved between the support sleeve and the sampling rod and the opposite inner wall of the flue, a deformation allowance space is provided for the sampling rod, when the sampling rod is heated and expanded in flue gas, the free end extends forwards and cannot abut against the flue wall, and after the flue gas stops, the sampling rod is cooled and contracted, the free end is retracted and cannot fall off from a hanging member or a support member. The flue is not damaged.
The filters in the sampling heads are replaced by opening the mounting covers, and the operability is high.
When the sample gas pipe passes through other sampling heads, the sample gas pipe is fixed in the semicircular grooves at two sides of the positioning device in the sampling pipe, so that the work and the layout of the current sampling head are not influenced, and the design is ingenious.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional flue and test installation site,
fig. 2 is a view of a flue of the present invention, fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a sampling rod of the present invention,
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a sampling rod of the present invention, fig. 5 is an enlarged view of the structure at D in fig. 4,
figure 6 is a schematic view of a sampling head of the present invention,
figure 7 is an exploded view of the sampling head of the present invention,
in the figure: 1-ammonia injection grid, 2-the layout position of scheme 1 in the background art, 3-the layout position of scheme 2 in the background art, 4-the layout position of scheme 3 in the background art, 5-flue, 6-support sleeve, A-the fixed end of support sleeve, B-the free end of support sleeve, A-support, 7-sampling head, 8-supporting member, 9-appearance gas pipe, 10-slide rail, 12-sampling rod, 13-sampling pipe, 14-flange, 15-installation cover, 16-air inlet, 17-breach, 18-filter, 19-positioner, 20-semicircular groove.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic views illustrating only the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner, and thus show only the constitution related to the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of arrangement positions of schemes 1, 2 and 3 in a flue in the background art of the patent, a layout position 2 of the scheme 1 in the background art can only detect a single content at the inner wall of the flue and cannot reflect a flue gas state of the whole cross section, a layout position 3 of the scheme 2 in the background art is detected at a reduced section of the flue, flue gas is mixed and cannot visually reflect a distribution condition of ammonia injection pins at an ammonia injection grid 1 on the cross section, and a layout position 4 of the scheme 3 in the background art is at the flue with an equal cross section but only detects a flue gas condition on one straight line and cannot be equivalently paired with the ammonia injection grid 1. The arrangement position of this patent is the same with the position 4 that lays of scheme 3 in the background art, but forms the latticed distribution like fig. 4, and the point that detects is more, forms the equivalent pair with the distribution region of ammonia injection grid 1 of upstream, according to the flue gas testing result here, directly perceived a certain ammonia injection head that corresponds in ammonia injection grid 1, can refer to and the using value is higher.
As shown in figure 2, the large-section flue grid zoning sampling structure comprises a plurality of sampling rods 12 which are equidistantly distributed in a flue 5, a plurality of sampling points are equidistantly distributed on each sampling rod 12, each sampling point is independently connected with a sample gas pipe 9, the sample gas pipes 9 respectively extend out of the flue 5 along the sampling rods 12 and are connected to a detection device to detect flue gas parameters of each sampling point.
The structure of the sampling rod 12 is given in the following embodiments: sampling rod 12 runs through in support sleeve 6, support sleeve 6 spanes in flue 5, support sleeve 6's one end is fixed with flue 5 inner wall, the other end reserves the interval between the flue 5 inner wall of opposite side apart from, this end is lifted through the supporting member 8 of fixing at flue 5 inner wall, support sleeve 6's one end is stiff end A, it is fixed with flue 5 inner wall, the other end is free end B, this end reserves the interval between the flue 5 inner wall apart from, this end is lifted through the supporting member of fixing at flue 5 inner wall, supporting member 8 fixes inside flue 5, can choose triangle bearing structure for use, as shown in fig. 3, and set up the fence at both sides edge, prevent sampling rod 12 slippage. The triangular support structure can be realized in two modes, for example, the inclined support of the triangle is positioned below the water support to play a supporting role, or the inclined support is positioned above the horizontal support to play a pulling role. In order to provide a stable connection of the support sleeve 6 to the flue 5, reinforcing ribs are fixedly connected both above and below it.
In order to further limit the drawing process of the sampling rod 12, the sampling rod can be drawn out linearly, namely the moving track of the sampling rod 12 is limited, a group of opposite sides in the supporting sleeve 6 are provided with slide rails 10, the sampling rod is in a multi-section splicing form, the sampling head is spliced between two adjacent sections of sampling rods, a flange 14 is arranged at the end part of the sampling rod connected with the sampling head and is fixedly connected with the sampling head 7 through the flange 14, notches 17 are formed in two sides of the flange, and the notches 17 are erected on the slide rails 10. When the sampling rod 12 is pulled, the flange 14 slides along the slide rail 10.
In order to further improve the drawing easiness of the sampling rod 12, the top of the sliding rail 10 is provided with an upward arc-shaped arch shape, and the top of the sliding rail is in line contact with a flange, so that the friction is reduced. Or a plurality of rollers are arranged on the sliding rail 10, and the rolling direction of the rollers is consistent with the drawing moving direction of the sampling rod 12.
Because the section of the flue 5 is large, usually 10 meters and 10 meters, a whole rod is used as the sampling rod 12, the processing difficulty is large, the transportation difficulty is large, and the sampling head 7 is not easy to operate, therefore, the sampling rod 12 adopts a multi-section splicing mode, and the sampling head 7 is spliced between two adjacent sections of sampling rods 12. The two ends of the sampling head 7 and the end part of the sampling rod 12 connected with the sampling head 7 are fixedly connected through a plurality of bolts passing through the flange.
The specific structural embodiment of the sampling head 7 for realizing the flue gas sampling is as follows: with reference to fig. 3 and 4, the sampling head 7 includes a sampling tube 13 and a filter 18 disposed in the sampling tube 13, a sampling port is disposed on one side of the sampling tube 13, the sampling port is communicated with an air inlet 16 of the filter 18, the filter 18 is in a cylindrical shape communicated axially, the air inlet 16 of the filter 18 is an axial end thereof, the sample gas tube 9 is connected to a side wall of the filter 18, and the filtered flue gas enters the sample gas tube 9.
The sampling tube 13 has the following specific structure: sampling pipe 13 is the pipe shape, and the mounting hole has been seted up with the pipe wall perpendicularly to a set of opposite side of its axial, and the mounting hole is the rectangle, and the platform has been formed all around to the mounting hole, is provided with installation lid 15 in the mounting hole, and the sampling opening is seted up at installation lid 15 center, and the sampling opening is met the air current in the flue 5, and the gas outlet has been seted up at installation lid 15 center on the opposite side of sampling opening, and the both ends mouth of filter 18 aligns with air inlet 16 and gas outlet respectively. The mounting cap 15 is provided so that when the mounting cap 15 is opened to replace the filter 18, the filter 18 can be taken out of the sampling tube 13.
In order to further fix the filter 18 in the sampling tube 13, a positioning device 19 for fixing the sample gas tube 9 and the filter 18 is arranged in the sampling tube 13, referring to fig. 4, a set of opposite edges of the positioning device 19 are axially provided with semicircular grooves 20 capable of clamping the sample gas tube 9, a set of opposite sides of the middle part of the positioning device 19 in the radial direction are provided with retaining rings with circular arc openings, the retaining rings surround the circumference of the filter 18, and the axial center of the positioning device 19 is a through channel. A circle of filter screens are arranged on the circumference of the filter 18, a space is reserved between each filter screen and the inner wall of the filter 18, and the sample gas pipe 9 penetrates through the inner wall of the filter 18 and is communicated with the space. The two ends of the filter 18 are pressed and fixed by the two mounting covers 15, the circumference is limited by the retainer rings with the same shape, after the filter 18 is mounted, axial movement and circumferential rotation cannot occur, and the fixing effect is good.
The invention can also be matched with a bracket C in the flue, which is transverse to the flue, to arrange a plurality of suspension mechanisms, wherein the upper parts of the suspension mechanisms are fixed with the bracket in the flue, and the lower ends of the suspension mechanisms drag the support sleeve. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the lower end of the suspension mechanism is fixed to the support sleeve, and the upper end of the suspension mechanism is fixed to the support, so that the stability of the support sleeve is improved.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
The meaning of "and/or" as used herein is intended to include both the individual components or both.
The term "connected" as used herein may mean either a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components via other components.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a big cross-section flue net subregion sampling structure which characterized in that: the sampling device comprises a plurality of sampling rods which are equidistantly distributed in a flue, a plurality of sampling heads are equidistantly distributed on each sampling rod, each sampling head is independently connected with a respective sample gas pipe, and the sample gas pipes extend out of the flue along the sampling rods respectively and are connected to detection equipment to detect the smoke parameters of each sampling point.
2. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 1, wherein: the sampling rod selects a multi-section splicing mode, the sampling head is spliced between two adjacent sections of sampling rods, and a flange is arranged at the end part of the sampling rod connected with the sampling head and is fixedly connected with the sampling head through the flange.
3. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 2, wherein: the sampling rod penetrates through a support sleeve, the support sleeve stretches across the flue, one end of the support sleeve is fixed with the inner wall of the flue, a distance is reserved between the other end of the support sleeve and the inner wall of the flue on the opposite side, the end is lifted by a support member fixed on the inner wall of the flue,
the support sleeve is provided with slide rails along the two horizontal sides of the rectangular length of the support sleeve, the two sides of the flange are provided with notches, the notches are erected on the slide rails,
sampling pole pull mouth has been seted up to the flue, and the sampling pole can be followed sampling pole pull mouth and pulled out.
4. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 1, wherein: the sampling head includes sampling pipe and the filter of setting in the sampling pipe, the sampling mouth has been seted up to sampling pipe one side, the sampling mouth is perpendicular with the air current direction in the flue, the air inlet of sampling mouth and filter link up, and the filter is the cylindrical shape that the axial link up, the air inlet of filter is its axial one end, and the appearance trachea is connected to the lateral wall of filter.
5. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 4, wherein: the sampling pipe is the pipe shape, and the mounting hole has been seted up with the pipe wall perpendicularly to a set of opposite side of its axial, and the mounting hole is the rectangle, the platform that forms all around of mounting hole, be provided with the installation lid in the mounting hole, the sample connection is seted up at installation lid center, and the gas outlet has been seted up at the installation lid center of the opposite side of sample connection, and the both ends mouth of filter aligns with air inlet and gas outlet respectively.
6. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 5, wherein: the sampling tube is internally provided with a positioning device used for fixing a sample gas tube and a filter, a group of opposite sides of the positioning device are axially provided with semicircular grooves capable of clamping the sample gas tube, a group of opposite sides of the radial direction of the middle part of the positioning device are provided with retaining rings with circular arc openings, the retaining rings surround the circumference of the filter, and the axial center of the positioning device is a through channel.
7. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 4, wherein: the circumference of the filter is provided with a circle of filter screens, a space is reserved between each filter screen and the inner wall of the filter, and the sample gas pipe penetrates through the inner wall of the filter and is communicated with the space.
8. The large cross-section flue grid zoned sampling structure of claim 3, wherein: a plurality of suspension mechanisms are arranged on the support sleeve at equal intervals, the upper portion of each suspension mechanism is fixed with a support in the flue, and the lower end of each suspension mechanism drags the support sleeve.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113504183A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-15 | 江苏德龙镍业有限公司 | Flue gas on-line measuring device capable of effectively protecting measuring unit |
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