CN111003927B - Targeted microwave two-stage temperature control hot bending glass device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Targeted microwave two-stage temperature control hot bending glass device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111003927B CN111003927B CN201911387296.6A CN201911387296A CN111003927B CN 111003927 B CN111003927 B CN 111003927B CN 201911387296 A CN201911387296 A CN 201911387296A CN 111003927 B CN111003927 B CN 111003927B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/0086—Heating devices specially adapted for re-forming shaped glass articles in general, e.g. burners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/0066—Re-forming shaped glass by bending
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B23/00—Re-forming shaped glass
- C03B23/02—Re-forming glass sheets
- C03B23/023—Re-forming glass sheets by bending
- C03B23/03—Re-forming glass sheets by bending by press-bending between shaping moulds
- C03B23/0307—Press-bending involving applying local or additional heating, cooling or insulating means
Abstract
A target microwave two-stage temperature control hot-bending glass device and a control method thereof comprise a furnace body, a mold, a driving mechanism and a target heating mechanism, wherein the mold is arranged in the furnace body and comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, heating channels and temperature sensors are arranged in the upper mold and the lower mold, and the lower mold is connected with the driving mechanism; the targeted heating mechanism comprises a microwave heater, a conveying pipeline, a heating ball input mechanism and a heating ball recovery mechanism, wherein the conveying pipeline is connected with the heating pipeline, a resistance wire heater is arranged on one side of the heating pipeline, the conveying pipeline is connected with the heating ball input mechanism, one end of a heating channel of the upper die and the lower die is connected with the conveying pipeline, and the other end of the heating channel of the upper die and the lower die is connected with the heating ball recovery mechanism; the upper die and the lower die are provided with a primary heating module. The invention accurately controls the temperature of the die, improves the internal temperature distribution of the die and improves the hot bending forming quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hot bending glass processing, and particularly relates to a targeted microwave secondary temperature control device for a 3D glass hot bending process and a control method thereof.
Background
In the 3C industry of China, transparent components are more and more widely applied. The transparent member is generally processed by a hot bending mold.
At present, the main heating modes of the hot bending die are traditional heating modes such as a thermocouple, infrared radiation and thermal current, electric energy is converted into heat energy, the heat energy is transferred to the die in the modes of heat conduction, thermal convection, thermal radiation and the like, but due to the delay effect of a heat transfer medium, the characteristics of uneven heating, large surface temperature gradient and the like of the die and a glass transparent component are easily caused, and further, the surface residual stress of the glass forming component is overlarge, so that the appearance quality and the optical performance are influenced. The traditional heating mode also has the defects of low heating efficiency, high cost and the like.
In order to improve the thermal efficiency, an ultrasonic vibration auxiliary glass hot bending forming method is provided, and an ultrasonic vibration technology is introduced into a glass hot bending heating device, so that the energy of ultrasonic vibration is absorbed by a mold and converted into heat energy in the process of heating the mold. The ultrasonic vibration assisted glass hot bending forming method can improve the heating efficiency of the die, improve the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the die and improve the forming quality of the glass transparent component to a certain extent, but the ultrasonic vibration assisted equipment has high cost and high process requirement, so the method is not widely applied at present.
In addition, for some locally deformed glass components, the temperature of the mold needs to be locally regulated, and the traditional heating mode and the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary glass hot bending forming method cannot solve the problem.
Therefore, a new heating mode of the directional hot bending die is urgently needed, the temperature distribution of the hot bending die is regulated and controlled, the product yield is improved for related manufacturing enterprises, and technical support is provided for reducing the manufacturing cost.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a targeted microwave two-stage temperature control hot bending glass device and a control method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a target microwave two-stage temperature control hot glass bending device comprises a furnace body, a mold, a driving mechanism and a target heating mechanism, wherein the mold is arranged in the furnace body and comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, heating channels are arranged in the upper mold and the lower mold, and temperature sensors are arranged in the upper mold and the lower mold;
the lower die is connected with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the lower die and the upper die to close and open the die;
the targeted heating mechanism comprises a microwave heater, a conveying pipeline, a heating ball input mechanism and a heating ball recovery mechanism, wherein the microwave heater is arranged on one side of the die;
the upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with a primary heating module, the primary heating module comprises a heating plate, a soaking plate and a heat insulation plate, one side of the heating plate is connected with the soaking plate, the other side of the heating plate is connected with the heat insulation plate, and the soaking plate is connected with the die;
the temperature sensor, the resistance wire heater, the heating plate, the driving mechanism, the heating ball input mechanism and the heating ball recovery mechanism are respectively connected with the controller.
The heating ball includes solid sphere and clean shot, is equipped with two heating tube altogether, and a heating tube one side corresponds and sets up a resistance wire heater, and the solid sphere is placed at a heating tube, and the clean shot is placed at another heating tube, is equipped with the solenoid valve that a plurality of and controller are connected in the heating tube, is equipped with ball storage chamber on the heating tube.
And electromagnets are arranged in the heating channels of the upper die and the lower die and are connected with a controller.
The solid ball is a ceramic ball with a surface wound with metal wires, the hollow ball is a ceramic ball comprising a ceramic surface layer and an internal cavity, the internal cavity is filled with microwave absorbing materials, and the ceramic surface layer of the hollow ball is wound with the metal wires.
The microwave absorbing material in the hollow ball is activated carbon.
The conveying pipeline comprises a metal inner wall, an intermediate heat insulation layer and a metal outer wall.
The upper die and the lower die are both internally provided with a plurality of heating channels, the conveying pipeline is connected with branch pipelines matched with the heating channels, one branch pipeline is connected with one heating channel, and the joint of the conveying pipeline and the branch pipelines is provided with an electromagnetic switch connected with the controller.
The driving mechanism comprises a motor, an ejector rod and a load, the ejector rod is connected with a driving shaft of the motor, the load is connected with the ejector rod, and the load is connected with the lower die.
A control method of target microwave secondary temperature control hot bending glass comprises the following steps:
placing the glass blank on a lower die, and carrying out primary heating on the upper die and the lower die to increase the temperature;
acquiring the temperature of each area of the upper die and the lower die, calculating to obtain the current average temperature of the upper die and the lower die, and starting the targeted heating mechanism if the current average temperature is greater than the preset temperature;
starting a resistance wire heater for heating, heating the solid balls and the hollow balls in the heating pipeline to enable the temperature of the solid balls to reach a preset temperature, enabling the temperature of the hollow balls to exceed the highest temperature of the upper die or the lower die, closing the resistance wire heater, and stopping heating the solid balls and the hollow balls;
acquiring the filling quantity of the heating balls in different temperature areas in the upper die and the lower die according to the distribution condition of the temperatures of the upper die and the lower die and the diameters of the solid balls and the hollow balls;
the high-pressure gas is input into the conveying pipeline, the high-pressure gas pushes the heating balls to move, the corresponding electromagnetic valves are opened, the heating balls are conveyed to the designated areas of the upper die and the lower die and then stay in the current designated areas, when the conveying quantity of the heating balls reaches a set value, the electromagnetic valves are closed, the conveying is stopped, the heating balls with different quantities are filled according to different temperature areas, and the heating balls filled in the same area in the upper die and the lower die are all solid balls or all hollow balls or the combination of the solid balls and the hollow balls;
performing microwave secondary heating, starting the microwave heater, absorbing microwave generated heat by all the hollow spheres through the microwave absorbing material filled inside to enable the hollow spheres to continuously heat up, and then transferring the heat to the mold to increase the temperature of the mold;
when the difference between the average temperature of the low-temperature area and the average temperature of the high-temperature area of the mold is detected to be reduced to 70% of the average temperature of the low-temperature area before the heating of the microwave heater is started, the microwave heater is closed, and the microwave secondary heating is stopped;
after heating, the electromagnet in the die is opened, and the solid balls and the hollow balls in the upper die and the lower die are discharged to the heating ball recovery mechanism by using high-pressure gas.
The invention adopts two-stage heating, and has the following beneficial effects:
1) the first-stage heating adopts a traditional heat conduction mode to directly heat the mould, and the second-stage heating adopts a direct heating mode of microwave heating, so that the contradiction between the heating cost and the heat transfer controllability of good heat conduction is balanced;
2) by utilizing the second-stage heating of the targeted microwave heating, the temperature field of the mold can be accurately regulated and controlled, and the internal temperature distribution of the mold is improved, so that the mold meets the process requirements of hot bending glass;
3) the two flowing balls are controlled, so that the temperature of a mold area with lower temperature can be increased, and the temperature of a mold area with high temperature can be reduced;
4) and a two-stage temperature control mode is adopted, so that the controllability of the temperature distribution of the hot bending equipment mould is improved, and the yield of hot bending finished products is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a mechanical structure of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1b is an exploded schematic view of the mold of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the heated ball motion control of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the heating ball delivery conduit of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the targeted microwave heating pipeline and the mold of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 4b and 4c are schematic diagrams of the state of filling the heating balls in the mold, respectively;
FIG. 5a is a schematic structural diagram of a solid sphere of the present invention, and FIG. 5b is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow sphere of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the multi-channel motion control of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIGS. 7a, 7b, 7c and 7d are schematic views of different arrangements and combinations of the heating balls in the mold;
FIG. 8 is a targeted microwave heating workflow of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 9a, 9b and 9c are schematic diagrams of hollow spheres filled with different weights in the invention.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the features and technical means of the present invention, as well as the specific objects and functions attained by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1b, the invention discloses a targeted microwave two-stage temperature control hot bending glass device, which comprises a hot bending device body 2, a furnace body 21, a mold, a driving mechanism and a targeted heating mechanism 3, wherein the mold 1 is arranged in the furnace body 21, the mold comprises an upper mold 13 and a lower mold 15, heating channels are arranged in the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15, temperature sensors are arranged in the upper mold and the lower mold, and are usually provided with a plurality of temperature sensors for detecting the temperatures of different areas in the upper mold and the lower mold, and the temperature sensors can be infrared sensing elements. And the glass blank to be subjected to hot bending processing is sent to the lower die and is positioned in the furnace body.
The lower die is connected with a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism drives the lower die and the upper die to be closed and opened, the driving mechanism comprises a motor 24, an ejector rod 23 and a load 22, the ejector rod is connected with a driving shaft of the motor, the load is connected with the ejector rod, the load is connected with the lower die, and the motor drives the lower die and the upper die to be closed and opened.
As shown in fig. 2, 3, 4a, 4b and 4c, the targeted heating mechanism includes a microwave heater 31, a conveying pipeline 32, a heating ball input mechanism 33 and a heating ball recovery mechanism 34, the microwave heater 31 is arranged at one side of the mold, the conveying pipeline 32 is connected with a heating pipeline 50, a resistance wire heater 37 is arranged at one side of the heating pipeline 50, the conveying pipeline 32 is connected with the heating ball input mechanism 33, one end of the heating channel of the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15 is connected with the conveying pipeline 32, and the other end of the heating channel of the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15 is connected with the heating ball recovery mechanism 34. The heating ball input mechanism can be compressed air equipment, the heating balls are blown to the conveying pipeline by utilizing compressed air and enter the upper die and the lower die, and the heating ball recovery mechanism can be air extraction equipment and used for extracting the heating balls and storing the heating balls correspondingly. The upper die corresponds to one conveying pipeline, the lower die corresponds to one conveying pipeline, and corresponding heating balls can be conveyed respectively. The heating ball is conveyed by high-pressure gas. The heating ball absorbs the microwave emitted by the microwave heater to raise the temperature, and the microwave is sent into the die to realize the temperature control of the local area of the die. The second-stage temperature heating control is performed.
The upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with a first-stage heating module, the first-stage heating module comprises a heating plate 12, a soaking plate 16 and a heat insulation plate 11, one side of the heating plate is connected with the soaking plate, the other side of the heating plate is connected with the heat insulation plate, and the soaking plate is connected with the die. The heating plate is heated after being electrified, heat is transferred to the die through the soaking plate, and the heat is transferred to the die from the outside of the die for first-stage heating. The first stage heating is coarse heating. The glass blank 14 is conveyed to the lower mold 15.
The temperature sensor, the resistance wire heater, the heating plate, the driving mechanism, the heating ball input mechanism and the heating ball recovery mechanism are respectively connected with the controller, and the controller can be equipment with a corresponding control chip to realize control over each device.
The heating ball includes solid sphere and clean shot, is equipped with two heating tube altogether, and a heating tube corresponds and sets up a resistance wire heater, and the solid sphere is placed at a heating tube, and the clean shot is placed at another heating tube, is equipped with the solenoid valve that a plurality of and controller are connected in the heating tube, is equipped with ball storage chamber on the heating tube. A plurality of heating balls are stored in the ball storage chamber. A plurality of electromagnetic valves arranged in the heating pipeline are arranged from top to bottom, so that a multi-stage clamping space is formed. For example, in this embodiment, four electromagnetic valves are provided, which are a first-stage electromagnetic valve 38, a second-stage electromagnetic valve 39, a third-stage electromagnetic valve 40, and a fourth-stage electromagnetic valve 41 from bottom to top, respectively, and a clamping space for a heating ball is formed between two adjacent electromagnetic valves. Each electromagnetic valve is independently connected with the controller, and one of the electromagnetic valves can be independently opened, so that the conveying quantity of the heating balls can be effectively controlled. The resistance wire heater 37 heats the heating ball at one side of the heating pipeline. Through setting up clean shot and solid sphere to make the heating ball of isostructure have different temperature heat, can be more nimble carry out temperature control.
In this embodiment, the heating ball input mechanism 33 is operated with high pressure gas P1Under the effect, solid sphere 001, hollow sphere 002 are carried along heating tube in the ball storage chamber, one-level solenoid valve 38 closes this moment, second grade solenoid valve 39, tertiary solenoid valve 40, level four solenoid valve 41 are opened, after the heating ball got into, second grade solenoid valve, tertiary solenoid valve, level four solenoid valve all closed, resistance wire heater 37 starts the heating ball in the heating tube and heats, after the heating ball temperature satisfied, the one-level solenoid valve was opened, solid sphere 001 and hollow sphere 002 get into pipeline 32, at high-pressure gas P2The heating ball enters the upper die 13 and the lower die 15, the first-stage electromagnetic valve 38 is closed, the second-stage electromagnetic valve, the third-stage electromagnetic valve and the fourth-stage electromagnetic valve are all opened, and the second-stage electromagnetic valve, the third-stage electromagnetic valve and the fourth-stage electromagnetic valve are all closed after the heating ball enters the next grid. The action is taken as a cycle, so that the heating balls with two different structures enter the die in different arrangement and combination modes, when the heating balls in the die are fully loaded, the microwave heater 31 is started to heat the heating balls in the die, the local temperature of the die is regulated, and after heating is finished, the solid balls 001 and the hollow balls 002 enter the heating ball recovery mechanism 34 through the conveying pipeline 32.
Be equipped with electro-magnet 35 in the heating channel of last mould 13 and lower mould 15, the electro-magnet is connected with the controller, can control the dwell time of heating ball to make heating control more nimble accurate.
The solid sphere 001 is a ceramic sphere with a surface wound with metal wires, the hollow sphere 002 is a ceramic sphere comprising a ceramic surface layer and an inner cavity, the inner cavity is filled with microwave absorbing materials 54, the ceramic surface layer of the hollow sphere is wound with metal wires, and the microwave absorbing materials can be activated carbon and can absorb microwaves. The type of the inside filler of accessible adjustment spheroid to utilize the different material to the different characteristics of the absorption degree of microwave, make the temperature that the spheroid obtained different, according to the difference of the permutation and combination mode of heating ball in the mould hole inside, can accurately realize the temperature regulation to each position of mould.
The conveying pipe 32 comprises a metal inner wall 321, a middle heat insulation layer 322 and a metal outer wall 323, so that heat can be better stored in the conveying pipe, and the heat is prevented from being dissipated outwards too fast. The delivery pipe can be embedded in the die when passing through the die and is matched with the holes in the upper die and the lower die through bolts 36.
The upper die and the lower die are both internally provided with a plurality of heating channels, the conveying pipeline is connected with branch pipelines matched with the heating channels, one branch pipeline is connected with one heating channel, and the joint of the conveying pipeline and the branch pipelines is provided with an electromagnetic switch connected with the controller. In this embodiment, a Y-shaped transfer passage is provided, and two branch lines are connected to the heating passages of the mold, respectively, so that the transfer direction of the heating balls can be controlled by an electromagnetic switch.
In addition, the micro-furnace can be provided with a corresponding auxiliary device for injecting nitrogen, displaying alarm and data statistics functions in the micro-furnace, namely, the micro-furnace can be a man-machine interaction interface.
A control method of target microwave secondary temperature control hot bending glass comprises the following steps:
and placing the glass blank on the lower die, and heating the upper die and the lower die in a primary heating manner to uniformly heat the whole die.
And acquiring the current average temperature of the upper die and the lower die, and starting the targeted heating mechanism if the current average temperature is higher than a preset temperature, wherein the preset temperature is usually 75% of the hot bending forming temperature of the glass.
Starting a resistance wire heater for heating, heating the solid balls and the hollow balls in the heating pipeline until the temperatures of the solid balls and the hollow balls reach set values, and closing the resistance wire heater;
and conveying the solid balls and the hollow balls into the upper die and the lower die, heating the upper die and the lower die locally for two-stage heating until the temperatures of the upper die and the lower die meet the set requirements, and then discharging the solid balls and the hollow balls in the upper die and the lower die.
When the temperatures of the upper die and the lower die are detected, a lower temperature area and a higher temperature area are detected, and different quantities of solid balls and hollow balls are respectively conveyed according to different temperatures of different areas, wherein the quantity of the solid balls and the hollow balls filled in the lower temperature area is greater than that of the solid balls and the hollow balls filled in the higher temperature area; and when the difference value between the average temperature of the higher temperature area and the average temperature of the lower temperature area reaches a set value, stopping the targeted microwave secondary heating, and discharging the solid balls and the hollow balls in the upper die and the lower die.
In specific implementation, the following steps are carried out:
example one
S1, acquiring the temperature distribution of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 through the temperature sensor, if the average temperature of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 exceeds 75% of the glass hot-bending forming temperature, starting the targeted microwave secondary temperature control, and executing the step S2, otherwise, continuing to execute the primary heating, namely, heating the die by adopting a heating plate.
S2, when the average temperature of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 exceeds 75% of the glass hot-bending forming temperature, the resistance wire heater 37 heats the solid sphere 001 and the hollow sphere 002; when the solid sphere 001 is heated and the temperature thereof is close to the average temperature of the upper die 13 or the lower die 15, the heating is stopped; when the hollow spherical body 002 is heated and the temperature thereof exceeds the maximum temperature of the upper mold 13 or the lower mold 15, the heating thereof is stopped.
S3, according to the temperature distribution condition and the diameter of the heating balls, the diameters of the solid balls and the hollow balls are generally set to be the same, and the filling condition of the heating balls in the inner holes of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 is calculated; as shown in fig. 7a, the upper part is a low temperature region, the lower part is a high temperature region, the low temperature region of the 1 st inner hole of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 needs to be filled with 10 hollow spheres 002, and the high temperature region needs to be filled with 4 solid spheres 001.
S4, activating the heating ball motion control unit corresponding to the upper mold 13, and opening the first-stage electromagnetic valve 38, the second-stage electromagnetic valve 39, the third-stage electromagnetic valve 40, the fourth-stage electromagnetic valve 41, and the fifth-stage electromagnetic valve (not shown) corresponding to the hollow ball 002 until ten-stage electromagnetic valves (not shown) are reached, wherein 10 hollow balls 002 are filled with the gravity and the high-pressure gas P1And a high-pressure gas P2Moves into the conduit 32; an infrared detection unit is arranged in the pipeline 32, when all 10 hollow spheres 002 move to the rightmost end of the pipeline 32, the first-stage electromagnetic valve 38 is changed from an open state to a closed state under the control of the controller, and after eleven stages, the electromagnetic valves (not shown in the figure) are all in an open state, so that the hollow spheres 002 in the container are in high-pressure gas P1And filling again under the action of gravity, and then all the electromagnetic valves in the pipeline are in a closed state.
S5, the 10 hollow spheres 002 are conveyed into the 1 st inner hole of the upper die 13; at this time, the electromagnet 35 (fig. 4 a) is in a closed state, so that the hollow spheres 002 remain inside the corresponding inner holes, as shown in fig. 4b to 4 c.
S6, opening the first-stage electromagnetic valve 38, the second-stage electromagnetic valve 39, the third-stage electromagnetic valve 40 and the fourth-stage electromagnetic valve 41 corresponding to the solid balls 001, and opening the 4 solid balls 001 under the action of gravity and high-pressure gas P1And a high-pressure gas P2Is moved into the delivery duct 32; an infrared detection unit is arranged in the pipeline 32, when all 4 solid balls 001 move to the rightmost end of the pipeline 32, the first-stage electromagnetic valve 38 is changed from an open state to a closed state under the control of the controller, the electromagnetic valves (not shown in the figure) are all in an open state after four stages, and the solid balls 001 in the container are filled with high-pressure gas P1And filling again under the action of gravity, and then all the electromagnetic valves in the pipeline are in a closed state.
S7, 4 solid balls 001 are fed into the die orifice one of the upper die 13, and at this time, 4 solid balls 001 are arranged at the rear ends of 10 hollow balls 002.
S8, at the same time, 4 solid balls 001 are fed into the die orifice one of the lower die 15, and at this time, 4 solid balls 001 are arranged at the rear ends of 10 hollow balls 002.
And S9, repeating the steps S3-S8 to fill the solid balls and the hollow balls in the mould.
S10, starting a microwave heater, after absorbing microwaves, filling hollow spheres 002 inside the whole furnace body, starting to heat, and after the temperature of the hollow spheres 002 rises, increasing the temperature of the mold in the region through heat conduction; when the difference between the average temperature of the low-temperature area and the average temperature of the high-temperature area of the mold is reduced to 70% of that before the microwave directional heating is started, the targeted microwave secondary heating is stopped.
And S11, turning on the electromagnet in the mold, and conveying all the heating balls in the mold to the heating ball recovery mechanism through the extraction of the heating ball recovery mechanism.
And (4) circularly heating and controlling according to the steps.
When the hot bending temperature in the mold meets the process requirements, the motor 24 drives the push rod 23 to act, and the push rod 23 and the load unit 22 are connected through bolts (conventional technology in the field), so that the load unit 22 pushes the lower mold 15 to move upwards, and the glass to be hot bent is subjected to hot bending processing, and is molded into a desired shape.
Example two
The first-stage heating device heats through the heating plate 12, the temperature of the heating plate 12 is raised, after the heating plate 12 is heated, the temperature of the soaking plate 16 is raised through a heat conduction mode, and then the soaking plate 16 conducts heat to the upper die 13 or the lower die 15 of the ceramic die; the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 of the ceramic die are heated by a first-stage heating device, as shown in the following table 1; the heating rate strategy of the first stage heating device is fuzzy control A, the higher the temperature of the upper die 13 or the lower die 15 is and the worse the temperature distribution uniformity is, the lower the first stage heating rate thereof is, whereas, the lower the temperature of the upper die 13 or the lower die 15 is and the better the temperature distribution uniformity is, the higher the first stage heating rate thereof is, as shown in the following table:
table 1: first order heating rate strategy (fuzzy control A)
In table 1 above, the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15 is defined as: the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is smaller than 1 ℃ in a very uniform mode, the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is within the range of 1-2.5 ℃, the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is within the range of 2.5-5 ℃ in a more uniform mode, the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is within the range of 5-10 ℃ in a non-uniform mode, and the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is larger than 10 ℃ in a very non-uniform mode.
Further, due to the mold structure, after the temperature is raised, the temperatures of the upper region and the lower region of the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15 are low, and the temperatures of the lower region are high, so that the temperature distribution is not uniform, as shown in fig. 7 a. At this time, the target heating module is started, the second-stage target temperature secondary temperature control is started, and the motion control strategies of the solid sphere 001 and the hollow sphere 002 refer to the first embodiment. The heating rate strategy of the microwave heater 31 is fuzzy control B, as shown in table two, the lower the temperature of the upper mold 13 or the lower mold 15 is, and the worse the temperature distribution uniformity is, the higher the microwave heating rate thereof is, whereas, the higher the temperature of the upper mold 13 or the lower mold 15 is, and the better the temperature distribution uniformity is, the lower the microwave heating rate thereof is, as shown in the following table:
table 2: microwave heating rate strategy (fuzzy control B)
In table 2 above, the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15 is defined as: the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is less than 0.5 ℃ in a very uniform mode, the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is within the range of 0.51-1.5 ℃, the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is within the range of 1.51-3 ℃ in a more uniform mode, the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is within the range of 3.01-6 ℃ in a non-uniform mode, and the temperature difference between the high-temperature area and the low-temperature area is more than 6 ℃ in a very non-uniform mode.
EXAMPLE III
The heating plate heats the mould, and the heat is transmitted to the mould through the temperature equalizing plate, so that the whole mould is heated. Due to the structure of the mold, after the temperature is raised, the temperatures of the middle regions of the upper mold 13 and the lower mold 15 are lower, as shown in fig. 7b, the temperatures of the upper region and the lower region are higher, wherein the temperature of the upper region is the highest, the temperature of the lower region is the second, the temperature of the middle region is a low temperature region, and the temperature distribution is not uniform. At the moment, the target heating module is started, and secondary target temperature control is started; in order to further improve the uniformity of the temperature distribution of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15, the specific heating strategy is as follows:
s1, acquiring the temperature distribution of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 through a sensor, if the average temperature of the upper die 13 and the lower die 15 exceeds 75% of the glass hot-bending forming temperature, starting the targeted microwave secondary temperature control, executing the step S2, otherwise, continuing to execute the first-stage heating, and continuing to execute the current step S1.
And S2, filling the hollow spheres 002 with microwave absorbing materials of different weights, wherein the hollow spheres are A-type hollow spheres, B-type hollow spheres and C-type hollow spheres with sequentially reduced weights, as shown in the accompanying figures 9a, 9B and 9C, and the areas filled with the microwave absorbing materials in the hollow spheres are different.
S3, the inner holes of the upper high temperature areas of the upper and lower dies 13 and 15 are filled with solid spheres 001, the middle low temperature areas of the upper and lower dies 13 and 15 are filled with hollow spheres 002 of type a, the inner holes of the lower sub-high temperature areas of the upper and lower dies 13 and 15 are filled with hollow spheres of type C, microwave heating is performed to prevent the heating spheres of the upper areas of the upper and lower dies 13 and 15 from absorbing microwaves, so that the temperature of the areas does not rise, the heating spheres of the middle areas of the upper and lower dies 13 and 15 absorb microwaves in a large amount, the temperature of the areas rises fastest, and the small spheres of the lower areas of the upper and lower dies 13 and 15 absorb microwaves, so that the temperature of the areas rises faster, as shown in fig. 7 b.
And S4, when the difference between the average temperature of the low-temperature area and the average temperature of the high-temperature area of the die is reduced to 60% before the microwave directional heating is started, or after the heating time exceeds 10 seconds, the current targeted microwave secondary heating is stopped.
A new targeted microwave heating is started, and the flow returns to the step S1 to be executed in sequence.
Of course, there are other situations, as shown in fig. 7c, where the overall temperature of the mold is low, and the solid sphere 001 may be filled completely; or the whole temperature of the die is higher, as shown in 7d, the hollow spheres can be completely filled, the types of the hollow spheres can be selected according to requirements, and the temperature can be adjusted by utilizing targeted secondary heating.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like can be made in the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments or in some of the technical features of the foregoing embodiments, but those modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like are all within the spirit and principle of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A target microwave two-stage temperature control hot glass bending device is characterized by comprising a furnace body, a mold, a driving mechanism and a target heating mechanism, wherein the mold is arranged in the furnace body and comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, and heating channels and temperature sensors are arranged in the upper mold and the lower mold;
the lower die is connected with the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism drives the lower die and the upper die to close and open the die;
the targeted heating mechanism comprises a microwave heater, a conveying pipeline, a heating ball input mechanism and a heating ball recovery mechanism, wherein the microwave heater is arranged on one side of the die;
the upper die and the lower die are respectively provided with a primary heating module, the primary heating module comprises a heating plate, a soaking plate and a heat insulation plate, one side of the heating plate is connected with the soaking plate, the other side of the heating plate is connected with the heat insulation plate, and the soaking plate is connected with the die;
the temperature sensor, the resistance wire heater, the heating plate, the driving mechanism, the heating ball input mechanism and the heating ball recovery mechanism are respectively connected with the controller;
the heating ball comprises a solid ball and a hollow ball, and is provided with two heating pipelines, one heating pipeline is correspondingly provided with a resistance wire heater, the solid ball is placed in one heating pipeline, the hollow ball is placed in the other heating pipeline, a plurality of electromagnetic valves connected with the controller are arranged in the heating pipelines, and the heating pipelines are provided with ball storage cavities;
the solid ball is a ceramic ball with a surface wound with a metal wire, the hollow ball is a ceramic ball comprising a ceramic surface layer and an internal cavity, the internal cavity is filled with a microwave absorbing material, and the ceramic surface layer of the hollow ball is wound with the metal wire;
and electromagnets are arranged in the heating channels of the upper die and the lower die and are connected with a controller.
2. The targeted microwave two-stage temperature-controlled hot-bending glass device according to claim 1, wherein the microwave absorbing material inside the hollow sphere is activated carbon.
3. The targeted microwave two-stage temperature-controlled hot bent glass apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the delivery conduit comprises an inner metal wall, an intermediate insulating layer, and an outer metal wall.
4. The targeted microwave two-stage temperature-controlled hot-bending glass device according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of heating channels are arranged in the upper mold and the lower mold, the delivery pipe is provided with branch pipes matched with the heating channels, one branch pipe is connected with one heating channel, and an electromagnetic switch connected with the controller is arranged at the joint of the delivery pipe and the branch pipe.
5. The targeted microwave two-stage temperature-controlled hot-bending glass device according to claim 4, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a top rod and a load, the top rod is connected with a driving shaft of the motor, the load is connected with the top rod, and the load is connected with the lower die.
6. A method of controlling a targeted microwave two-stage temperature controlled hot bend glass apparatus according to any of claims 1-5, comprising the steps of:
placing the glass blank on a lower die, and carrying out primary heating on the upper die and the lower die to increase the temperature;
acquiring the temperature of each area of the upper die and the lower die, calculating to obtain the current average temperature of the upper die and the lower die, and starting the targeted heating mechanism if the current average temperature is greater than the preset temperature;
starting a resistance wire heater for heating, heating the solid balls and the hollow balls in the heating pipeline to enable the temperature of the solid balls to reach a preset temperature, enabling the temperature of the hollow balls to exceed the highest temperature of the upper die or the lower die, closing the resistance wire heater, and stopping heating the solid balls and the hollow balls;
acquiring the filling quantity of the heating balls in different temperature areas in the upper die and the lower die according to the distribution condition of the temperatures of the upper die and the lower die and the diameters of the solid balls and the hollow balls;
the high-pressure gas is input into the conveying pipeline, the high-pressure gas pushes the heating balls to move, the corresponding electromagnetic valves are opened, the heating balls are conveyed to the designated areas of the upper die and the lower die and then stay in the current designated areas, when the conveying quantity of the heating balls reaches a set value, the electromagnetic valves are closed, the conveying is stopped, the heating balls with different quantities are filled according to different temperature areas, and the heating balls filled in the same area in the upper die and the lower die are all solid balls or all hollow balls or the combination of the solid balls and the hollow balls;
performing microwave secondary heating, starting the microwave heater, absorbing microwave generated heat by all the hollow spheres through the microwave absorbing material filled inside to enable the hollow spheres to continuously heat up, and then transferring the heat to the mold to increase the temperature of the mold;
when the difference between the average temperature of the low-temperature area and the average temperature of the high-temperature area of the mold is detected to be reduced to 70% of the average temperature of the low-temperature area before the heating of the microwave heater is started, the microwave heater is closed, and the microwave secondary heating is stopped;
after heating, the electromagnet in the die is opened, and the solid balls and the hollow balls in the upper die and the lower die are discharged to the heating ball recovery mechanism by using high-pressure gas.
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| CN114212979B (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2023-08-15 | 广东华中科技大学工业技术研究院 | Glass hot bending die and glass hot bending method |
| CN114751633B (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2023-06-09 | 广东华中科技大学工业技术研究院 | Hot bending forming device and forming method for large-size ultrathin glass member |
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