CN111001661A - Method for optimizing steel strip structure in middle slab rolling process - Google Patents
Method for optimizing steel strip structure in middle slab rolling process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111001661A CN111001661A CN201911128384.4A CN201911128384A CN111001661A CN 111001661 A CN111001661 A CN 111001661A CN 201911128384 A CN201911128384 A CN 201911128384A CN 111001661 A CN111001661 A CN 111001661A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- steel
- rolling process
- rolling
- thickness
- rheological stress
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B38/00—Methods or devices for measuring, detecting or monitoring specially adapted for metal-rolling mills, e.g. position detection, inspection of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2261/00—Product parameters
- B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
- B21B2261/04—Thickness, gauge
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Control Of Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for optimizing steel strip structure in a middle slab rolling process, which comprises the following steps: (1) establishing the relationship between the rheological stress and the parameters of hot rolling machine frames, the parameters of strip steel and the rolling load, wherein the relational formula is shown in the formula (I): MFS = P/(2 × 3)‑1/2*L*(R*(H‑h))1/2Q); (2) calculating the rheological stress value of each stand in the rolling process according to the formula (I), and drawing an F-MFS (stand-rheological stress) curve according to the rheological stress value; (3) judging the recrystallization condition of each rack according to the slope of the F-MFS curve, and when the slope of the curve is less than or equal to 0, recrystallizing the pass; (4) and when the recrystallization occurs in the last two passes, the slope of the last two passes of the next coil of steel finish rolling is larger than 0 by adjusting the parameters of the rolling process. The method can calculate the flow response of each frame in the hot rolling process in real timeAnd force values are obtained, the recrystallization behavior of each frame is quickly judged, and further, the structure optimization in the hot rolling process is realized by adjusting the thickness of the hot rolling intermediate billet and the load distribution of a finishing mill group.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rolling method, in particular to a method for optimizing steel strip structure in a middle slab rolling process.
Background
With the continuous deepening of steel strip rolling theory and hot rolling process research, the improvement of the quality requirements of steel products and the requirements on light weight and strength grade of products, steel enterprises put forward higher requirements on the production of hot rolled products, the macroscopic characteristics of the products such as surface and mechanical properties are required to meet the requirements, and the requirements on the uniformity and consistency of the microstructure of the products are also put forward. Therefore, a rapid method for judging the tissue morphology of the strip steel is needed in production. The method can realize the optimization of the organization by acquiring field data, calculating, judging and adjusting the rheological stress condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for optimizing steel strip structure in the middle slab rolling process
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following process: (1) establishing the relationship between the rheological stress and the parameters of hot rolling each frame equipment, the parameters of strip steel and the rolling load, wherein the relational formula is shown in a formula (I);
MFS=P/(2*3-1/2*L*(R*(H-h))1/2*Q) （Ⅰ）
in the formula (I), MFS is the rheological stress of each stand, MPa;
p is the load of the rolling mill in the process of rolling the strip steel, MN;
l is the width of the carried steel, mm;
r is the radius of the working roll, mm;
h is the thickness of the strip steel inlet in mm;
h is the thickness of the strip steel outlet in mm;
q is the stress state coefficient;
(2) calculating the rheological stress value of each stand in the rolling process according to the formula (I), and drawing an F-MFS (stand-rheological stress) curve according to the rheological stress value;
(3) judging the recrystallization condition of each rack according to the slope of the F-MFS curve, and when the slope of the curve is less than or equal to 0, recrystallizing the pass;
(4) and when the recrystallization occurs in the last two passes, adjusting the parameters of the rolling process so that the slope of the last two passes of the next coil of steel finish rolling is larger than 0.
The parameters of the rolling process in the step (4) are adjusted as follows: adjusting the thickness of the intermediate blank when the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate blank is more than 35 mm; when the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate billet is less than or equal to 35mm, the load distribution of each pass is adjusted.
Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in: the method carries out calculation of the rheological stress of different racks through rolling parameters acquired in real time on site, draws a rheological stress change trend graph, quickly knows the structure evolution condition of a rolled product, judges the recrystallization condition of a steel grade, judges whether the mixed crystal phenomenon can occur to deteriorate the hot rolled structure of the product, and timely adjusts the parameters through the analysis result of the recrystallization condition to realize the purpose of optimizing the physical performance of the product. The invention can quickly and simply calculate and optimize the physical performance of the product by acquiring the field dynamic data, and has innovativeness and practicability.
According to the invention, the rheological stress condition of each frame of the steel in the field production process is calculated in real time through a simple calculation model, and the recrystallization behavior in the rolling process is judged according to the change condition of the rheological stress of each frame, so that the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate billet and the load distribution of a finishing mill set are adjusted, and the structure optimization in the hot-rolling process is realized.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the flow stress curves before and after adjustment in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of a strip steel before adjustment according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a structure diagram of the strip steel after adjustment according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the flow stress curves before and after adjustment in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a strip steel before adjustment in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structure diagram of a strip steel after adjustment according to example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graphical representation of the flow stress curves before and after conditioning in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a strip steel before adjustment according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a structure diagram of a strip steel after adjustment according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graphical representation of the flow stress curves before and after conditioning for example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a structural diagram of a strip steel before adjustment according to example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a structure diagram of the strip steel after adjustment according to example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a graphical representation of the flow stress curves before and after conditioning for example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a structural view of a strip steel before adjustment according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a structure diagram of a strip steel after adjustment according to example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a graphical representation of the flow stress curves before and after conditioning for example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a structural view of a strip steel before adjustment according to example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a structure diagram of the strip steel after adjustment according to example 6 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the middle slab rolling process adopts the following process: (1) establishing a calculation model formula (I) through a rheological stress basic theory:
MFS=P/(2*3-1/2*L*(R*(H-h))1/2*Q) （Ⅰ）
in formula (I): MFS is the rheological stress in MPa; p is the load of the rolling mill in the process of rolling the strip steel, and the unit is MN; l is the width of the carried steel in mm; r is the radius of the working roll and is in mm; h is the thickness of the strip steel inlet in mm; h is the thickness of the strip steel outlet in mm; q is a stress state coefficient, and the calculation formula is shown in formula (II):
Q=π/4+0.25*((H-h)*R)1/2/((H-h)/2) （Ⅱ）。
(2) inputting the parameters of the field rolling process in a control system: p, L, R, H, H, Q.
(3) And calculating the rheological stress of the rolled steel grade, and drawing a rheological stress curve of the rheological stress of each pass of each rack.
(4) Judging the recrystallization behavior of each frame in the rolling process: in the finish rolling process, the rheological stress is in an overall rising trend, when the gradient of a rheological stress curve is less than or equal to 0, the recrystallization phenomenon occurs in the pass, and when the gradient of the rheological stress curve is more than 0, the recrystallization phenomenon does not occur.
(5) Adjusting the rolling parameters of the recrystallization behavior in the last two times: when the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate billet is more than 35mm, the thickness of the intermediate billet is adjusted to improve the variation trend of a rheological stress curve; when the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate billet is less than or equal to 35mm, the load distribution of each pass is adjusted to improve the variation trend of the rheological stress curve.
Example 1: the method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the middle slab rolling process adopts the following specific process and adopts a method for adjusting the thickness of the middle slab.
The components of the rolled steel are 0.07C-1.4Mn-0.04Nb, and the balance is impurities and iron, and when the thickness of the intermediate strip steel is 40.7mm, the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is less than 0, and recrystallization occurs, as shown in figure 1; the hot rolled steel has mixed crystal structure, as shown in figure 2; when the next coil of strip steel is produced, the thickness of the intermediate blank is adjusted from 40.7mm to 38.7mm, the inlet thickness of each pass is shown in table 1, and the rheological stress curve is shown in table 1; the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is more than 0, recrystallization does not occur, the texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is shown in figure 3, and the phenomenon of mixed crystals is improved.
Table 1: change of thickness and rheological stress of intermediate blank
Example 2: the method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the middle slab rolling process adopts the following specific process and adopts a method for adjusting the thickness of the middle slab.
The components of the rolled steel are 0.07C-1.2Mn-0.03Nb, and the balance is impurities and iron, and when the thickness of the intermediate strip steel is 37.8mm, the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is less than 0, and recrystallization occurs, as shown in figure 4; the hot rolled steel has mixed crystal structure, as shown in figure 5; when the next coil of strip steel is produced, the thickness of the intermediate blank is adjusted from 37.8mm to 35.8mm, the inlet thickness of each pass is shown in table 2, and the rheological stress curve is shown in fig. 4; the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is more than 0, recrystallization does not occur, the texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is shown in figure 6, and the phenomenon of mixed crystals is improved.
Table 2: change of thickness and rheological stress of intermediate blank
Example 3: the method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the middle slab rolling process adopts the following specific process and adopts a method for adjusting the thickness of the middle slab.
The components of the rolled steel grade are 0.07C-1.4Mn, and the balance is impurities and iron, and when the thickness of the strip steel intermediate blank is 43.9mm, the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is less than 0, and recrystallization occurs, as shown in figure 7; the hot rolled steel has mixed crystal structure, as shown in figure 8; when the next coil of strip steel is produced, the thickness of the intermediate blank is adjusted from 43.9mm to 40.8mm, the inlet thickness of each pass is shown in Table 3, and the rheological stress curve is shown in FIG. 7; the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is more than 0, recrystallization does not occur, the texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is shown in figure 9, and the phenomenon of mixed crystals is improved.
Table 3: change of thickness and rheological stress of intermediate blank
Example 4: the method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the slab rolling process adopts the following specific process and adopts a method for adjusting the finish rolling load distribution.
The components of the rolled steel grade are 0.08C-0.3Mn, and the balance is impurities and iron, and when the thickness of the strip steel intermediate blank is 34.5mm, the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is less than 0, and recrystallization occurs, as shown in figure 10; the hot rolled steel has mixed crystal structure, as shown in figure 11; when the next coil of strip steel is produced, the load distribution of each machine frame is adjusted, as shown in table 4, and the adjusted flow stress curve is shown in fig. 10; the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is more than 0, recrystallization does not occur, the texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is shown in figure 12, and the phenomenon of mixed crystals is improved.
Table 4: adjusting the change condition of the rheological stress of each pass after load distribution
Example 5: the method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the slab rolling process adopts the following specific process and adopts a method for adjusting the finish rolling load distribution.
The components of the rolled steel grade are 0.07C-1.0Mn, and the balance is impurities and iron, and when the thickness of the strip steel intermediate blank is 33.0mm, the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is less than 0, and recrystallization occurs, as shown in figure 13; the hot rolled steel has mixed crystal structure, as shown in figure 14; when the next coil of strip steel is produced, the load distribution of each machine frame is adjusted, as shown in table 5, and the adjusted flow stress curve is shown in fig. 13; the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is more than 0, recrystallization does not occur, the texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is shown in figure 15, and the mixed crystal phenomenon is improved.
Table 5: adjusting the change condition of the rheological stress of each pass after load distribution
Example 6: the method for optimizing the steel strip structure in the slab rolling process adopts the following specific process and adopts a method for adjusting the finish rolling load distribution.
The components of the rolled steel are 0.08C-1.8Mn-0.055Nb, and the balance is impurities and iron, and when the thickness of the strip steel intermediate blank is 32.0mm, the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is less than 0, and recrystallization occurs, as shown in figure 16; the hot rolled steel has mixed crystal structure, as shown in figure 17; when the next coil of strip steel is produced, the load distribution of each machine frame is adjusted as shown in table 6, and the adjusted flow stress curve is shown in fig. 16; the gradient of the F7 rheological stress curve is more than 0, recrystallization does not occur, the texture of the hot-rolled strip steel is shown in figure 18, and the phenomenon of mixed crystals is improved.
Table 6: adjusting the change condition of the rheological stress of each pass after load distribution
Case counting: after a certain steel mill in Hebei adopts the rolling method, counting 100 batches before and after the method is adopted; through detection, in 100 batches produced by the conventional process before the method, 5 batches have recrystallization in the last two times in the rolling process; the recrystallization phenomenon does not occur in the last two times in 100 batches produced after the field parameters are adjusted by adopting the method; therefore, the method effectively reduces the recrystallization phenomenon of the last two times of hot rolling.
Claims (2)
1. A method for optimizing steel strip structure in the middle slab rolling process is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) establishing the relationship between the rheological stress and the parameters of hot rolling each frame equipment, the parameters of strip steel and the rolling load, wherein the relational formula is shown in a formula (I);
MFS=P/(2*3-1/2*L*(R*(H-h))1/2*Q) （Ⅰ）
in the formula (I), MFS is the rheological stress of each stand, MPa;
p is the load of the rolling mill in the process of rolling the strip steel, MN;
l is the width of the carried steel, mm;
r is the radius of the working roll, mm;
h is the thickness of the strip steel inlet in mm;
h is the thickness of the strip steel outlet in mm;
q is the stress state coefficient;
(2) calculating the rheological stress value of each stand in the rolling process according to the formula (I), and drawing an F-MFS (stand-rheological stress) curve according to the rheological stress value;
(3) judging the recrystallization condition of each rack according to the slope of the F-MFS curve, and when the slope of the curve is less than or equal to 0, recrystallizing the pass;
(4) and when the recrystallization occurs in the last two passes, adjusting the parameters of the rolling process so that the slope of the last two passes of the next coil of steel finish rolling is larger than 0.
2. The method for optimizing the structure of a steel strip in a middle slab rolling process according to claim 1, wherein: the parameters of the rolling process in the step (4) are adjusted as follows: adjusting the thickness of the intermediate blank when the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate blank is more than 35 mm; when the thickness of the hot-rolled intermediate billet is less than or equal to 35mm, the load distribution of each pass is adjusted.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911128384.4A CN111001661B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Method for optimizing steel strip structure in middle slab rolling process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911128384.4A CN111001661B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Method for optimizing steel strip structure in middle slab rolling process |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111001661A true CN111001661A (en) | 2020-04-14 |
| CN111001661B CN111001661B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
Family
ID=70112870
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911128384.4A Active CN111001661B (en) | 2019-11-18 | 2019-11-18 | Method for optimizing steel strip structure in middle slab rolling process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111001661B (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020050886A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-28 | 이구택 | Method For Predicting Roll Force In Plate Rolling |
| CN101045976A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Thick steel plate for low temperature use and capable of being welded in superhigh energy and its production process |
| KR20110108785A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Mean flow stress at rolling of precipitation strengthening steel with high strength and rolling force prediction method using the same |
| CN102409260A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Thick plate with good low-temperature toughness for pressure container and production method thereof |
| CN102766806A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-11-07 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Ultrawide and ultrafine gauge structural steel plate for bridges and production method thereof |
| CN103045939A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Resource-saving Q345 low-alloy series steel plate and production method thereof |
| CN103451520A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Q345 engineering steel and production method thereof |
| CN111748742A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-09 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Super-thick-wall X70 grade marine acid-resistant pipeline steel and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-11-18 CN CN201911128384.4A patent/CN111001661B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20020050886A (en) * | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-28 | 이구택 | Method For Predicting Roll Force In Plate Rolling |
| CN101045976A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Thick steel plate for low temperature use and capable of being welded in superhigh energy and its production process |
| KR20110108785A (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | 현대제철 주식회사 | Mean flow stress at rolling of precipitation strengthening steel with high strength and rolling force prediction method using the same |
| CN102409260A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Thick plate with good low-temperature toughness for pressure container and production method thereof |
| CN102766806A (en) * | 2012-07-11 | 2012-11-07 | 莱芜钢铁集团有限公司 | Ultrawide and ultrafine gauge structural steel plate for bridges and production method thereof |
| CN103045939A (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2013-04-17 | 安阳钢铁股份有限公司 | Resource-saving Q345 low-alloy series steel plate and production method thereof |
| CN103451520A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2013-12-18 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Q345 engineering steel and production method thereof |
| CN111748742A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-09 | 武汉钢铁有限公司 | Super-thick-wall X70 grade marine acid-resistant pipeline steel and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 沙庆云等: "含铌微合金带钢精轧过程中的再结晶行为", 《鞍钢技术》 * |
| 熊雪刚等: "控轧控冷工艺对L415M管线钢组织性能的影响", 《金属热处理》 * |
| 褚俊威等: "无镍耐候钢热轧流变应力的预报模拟", 《热加工工艺》 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111001661B (en) | 2021-09-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111014307B (en) | Rolling mill speed control method for continuous rolling of furnace coil and finishing mill set | |
| CN101934290B (en) | Load allocation adjusting method for stainless steel tandem cold rolling mill | |
| CN107962075A (en) | The cold rolling process of high grade non-oriented silicon steel hot rolling acid-cleaning not cutting edge | |
| CN104480391B (en) | Hot-rolled pickled plate and production method thereof | |
| CN107413856B (en) | It is a kind of that roller method is removed based on the change online roll change of specification of ESP mm finishing mill unit | |
| CN103949481B (en) | Take into account the flatness Discrete control method of Hot Rolling Strip stability and quality | |
| CN104209340A (en) | Bilateral wave control method for hot-rolled martensitic stainless steel strip steel | |
| CN102921740A (en) | Method for controlling width deviation of head and tail of hot rolled strip | |
| CN113263059A (en) | Asynchronous double-attenuation roll shifting control method for hot-rolled sheet working roll | |
| CN112692061A (en) | Hot rolling method for improving surface quality of steel plate | |
| CN110899338A (en) | Preparation method of hot-rolled strip steel | |
| CN108004474A (en) | A kind of punching press acid-cleaning plate（Volume）And manufacture method | |
| CN115193911A (en) | Bar short-process production method based on deformation temperature cooperative control | |
| CN111842506B (en) | Roll shifting control method for five-frame six-roll cold continuous rolling unit | |
| CN112845619B (en) | Method for reducing residual stress at tail of hot-rolled high-strength strip steel | |
| CN111001661B (en) | Method for optimizing steel strip structure in middle slab rolling process | |
| CN111974802B (en) | Cold continuous rolling ultra-low roughness high strength steel light panel and cover type annealing production method thereof | |
| CN1586752A (en) | Method for producing thin plate blank continuous casting and continuous rolling low carbon steel ferrite | |
| CN111558615B (en) | Method for controlling finish rolling pressure of titanium plate on hot continuous rolling line | |
| CN111842505A (en) | Roll inclination control method for five-frame six-roll cold continuous rolling unit | |
| CN112122356A (en) | Control method for reducing width allowance of strip steel | |
| CN114226453B (en) | Manufacturing method for low-carbon steel and improving performance uniformity of ferrite-rolled low-carbon steel | |
| CN111360082A (en) | Method for distributing rolling reduction in case of lack of five-stand cold continuous rolling | |
| CN113333470B (en) | Hot rolling method for improving 780 MPa-level thin-specification dual-phase steel edge wave | |
| CN106825064A (en) | 1549mm milling train sheet metal finish rolling reduction ratio adjusting methods |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |