CN111001421A - Catalyst for producing hydrogen from steam, preparation method, application and combustion device thereof - Google Patents
Catalyst for producing hydrogen from steam, preparation method, application and combustion device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111001421A CN111001421A CN201910351291.1A CN201910351291A CN111001421A CN 111001421 A CN111001421 A CN 111001421A CN 201910351291 A CN201910351291 A CN 201910351291A CN 111001421 A CN111001421 A CN 111001421A
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004230 steam cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/08—Halides
- B01J27/10—Chlorides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/06—Halogens; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/138—Halogens; Compounds thereof with alkaline earth metals, magnesium, beryllium, zinc, cadmium or mercury
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/04—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia
- C01B3/042—Decomposition of water
- C01B3/045—Decomposition of water in gaseous phase
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J7/00—Arrangement of devices for supplying chemicals to fire
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/02—Boron or aluminium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/34—Manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/745—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/02—Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/04—Sulfides
- B01J27/047—Sulfides with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/051—Molybdenum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/02—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/0266—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step
- C01B2203/0272—Processes for making hydrogen or synthesis gas containing a decomposition step containing a non-catalytic decomposition step
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2203/00—Integrated processes for the production of hydrogen or synthesis gas
- C01B2203/10—Catalysts for performing the hydrogen forming reactions
- C01B2203/1041—Composition of the catalyst
- C01B2203/1047—Group VIII metal catalysts
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a catalyst for preparing hydrogen from water vapor, which consists of 5-10 parts of iron powder, 30-50 parts of aluminum powder, 4-15 parts of metal chloride, 15-40 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 15-30 parts of manganese ore powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydrogen preparation and utilization, in particular to a catalyst for hydrogen production by steam, a preparation method and application thereof and a corresponding combustion device.
Background
The hydrogen is burnt to generate water, no pollutant is generated, and the hydrogen is a clean secondary energy and has wide application. However, the production cost of hydrogen is high at present, for example, hydrogen production by water electrolysis needs to consume too high electric energy and utilize specific equipment, and catalysts for hydrogen production by steam catalytic cracking need to use noble metals, so that the hydrogen produced by the methods is limited in production cost and is not suitable for being used as fuel of boilers or industrial kilns.
Boilers and industrial kilns generally obtain energy by burning liquid fuel or natural gas through a burner, the existing burner mainly comprises a combustion head, a cyclone, a nozzle, an ignition needle, an air supply pipe and the like, and combustion-supporting air sent by a fan enters the head of the burner through the air supply pipe to be combusted. During the combustion process, nitrogen and oxygen contained in the air react to produce polluting nitrogen oxides. The low-nitrogen combustor can reduce the generation of nitrogen oxides, 80-85% of fuel is sent into a main combustion area to be combusted, the rest 15-20% of fuel is used as a reducing agent and is sprayed into the upper part of the main combustion area to form a reburning area, the reburning area not only reduces the generated nitrogen oxides, but also prevents the generation of new nitrogen oxides, the emission concentration of the nitrogen oxides can be reduced, and over-fire air is arranged above the reburning area to form a burnout area, so that incomplete combustion products at the outlet of the reburning area are guaranteed to be burnt out.
How to reduce the hydrogen production cost and apply the hydrogen production cost to a boiler or an industrial kiln so as to further reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides and save energy, and the method has important significance on environmental protection and energy conservation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a catalyst for preparing hydrogen from steam, which comprises a formula, a preparation method and application of the catalyst, and the catalyst can catalyze the steam to crack to generate hydrogen, and the generated hydrogen is used for a burner of a boiler or an industrial kiln to play a combustion supporting role on fuel, reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides and save the fuel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a catalyst for preparing hydrogen from water vapor is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of iron powder, 30-50 parts of aluminum powder, 4-15 parts of metal chloride, 15-40 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 15-30 parts of manganese ore powder.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the components is as follows: 6-8 parts of iron powder, 35-45 parts of aluminum powder, 9-11 parts of metal chloride, 15-25 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 8-12 parts of manganese ore powder.
Preferably, the particle size of the iron powder, the aluminum powder, the metal chloride, the molybdenum disulfide and the manganese ore powder is 200-500 meshes.
Preferably, the metal chloride is one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and barium chloride.
The catalyst for producing hydrogen from water vapor is prepared by the following method: the components are uniformly mixed, then a water-soluble adhesive is added to prepare a blocky catalyst under 6-9 standard atmospheric pressures, and then the blocky catalyst is dried, wherein the water-soluble adhesive is one of water glass, polyacrylamide or paste.
The catalyst for producing hydrogen from water vapor is applied as follows to save fuel and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides:
(a) carrying out contact reaction on the water vapor and the blocky catalyst in a closed reaction tank at the temperature of 110-200 ℃ and under 5-6 standard atmospheric pressures to obtain a gas mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor, introducing the gas mixture into a conveying pipeline and separating condensed water to obtain combustion-supporting gas,
(b) introducing fuel oil or natural gas into a combustor to obtain required fuel;
(c) and mixing and igniting the fuel and the combustion-supporting gas at a nozzle of the combustion engine, and using the mixture as a heat source to supply heat to the outside.
In the technical scheme, the components in the formula of the catalyst are cheap and easy to obtain, the catalyst is convenient to manufacture, water vapor can be cracked to generate a certain amount of hydrogen, and the mixed gas of the hydrogen, oxygen and the water vapor is combusted with fuel, so that the use amount of the fuel can be reduced, the generation of nitrogen oxides can be reduced, and the catalyst has the advantages of energy conservation and emission reduction.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a combustion apparatus, which specifically achieves the above objects:
the utility model provides a low nitrogen burner of steam schizolysis, includes airtight retort, and airtight retort middle part is equipped with aforementioned cubic steam hydrogen manufacturing catalyst, and the lower extreme links to each other with steam conveying line, and the upper end links to each other with gas mixture conveying line, and gas mixture conveying line links to each other with catch water, and catch water links to each other with the combustion-supporting gas nozzle of combustor through the combustion-supporting gas pipeline, the combustor still is equipped with fuel injector and the little nozzle of igniteing.
Preferably, the combustor is connected with a boiler, and the water vapor generated by the boiler enters the water vapor conveying pipeline through a branch cylinder.
Preferably, the burner is connected with an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler, and the water vapor conveying pipeline is connected with a water vapor generator.
In the device, the catalyst is loaded into a closed reaction tank, so that water vapor passes through the catalyst from bottom to top to be cracked, mixed gas of hydrogen and the water vapor is prepared, condensed water is removed, and the mixed gas is guided into a burner to be mixed with fuel for combustion. The hydrogen is burnt to release heat, so that the use of fuel can be reduced, the water vapor is also beneficial to reducing the generation of tar and the like, the local overhigh temperature can be avoided, and the emission reduction of nitrogen oxides is facilitated. The device can utilize the water vapor generated by the boiler for the boiler, can use a water vapor generator for an industrial kiln and a non-steam boiler, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and good use effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of the steam hydrogen production and combustion process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the apparatus of the present invention applied to a boiler;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the construction of the apparatus of the present invention applied to an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a steam cracking stage;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of the fuel and oxidizer gas mixture during combustion;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a structure around a holder in a closed reaction tank.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following preferred examples:
example 1: the formula of the catalyst for producing hydrogen from water vapor can adopt one of the following formulas
A. 5 parts of iron powder, 30 parts of aluminum powder, 4 parts of metal chloride, 15 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 15 parts of manganese ore powder and 250-mesh particle size.
B. 10 parts of iron powder, 50 parts of aluminum powder, 15 parts of metal chloride, 40 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 30 parts of manganese ore powder and 300-mesh particle size.
C. 6 parts of iron powder, 35 parts of aluminum powder, 9 parts of metal chloride, 15 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 8 parts of manganese ore powder and 350-mesh particle size.
D. 8 parts of iron powder, 45 parts of aluminum powder, 11 parts of metal chloride, 25 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 12 parts of manganese ore powder and 400-mesh particle size.
E. 7 parts of iron powder, 40 parts of aluminum powder, 10 parts of metal chloride, 20 parts of molybdenum disulfide, 10 parts of manganese ore powder and 500-mesh particle size.
In the above formulas, the metal chloride is one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and barium chloride.
When the catalyst is specifically manufactured, the components in each formula are uniformly mixed in a stirring kettle, then the water-soluble adhesive is added, the mixture is prepared into a blocky catalyst in a mould under 6-9 standard atmospheric pressures, and then the blocky catalyst is dried, wherein the water-soluble adhesive can be selected from water glass, polyacrylamide or paste. The obtained block (such as round cake) catalyst has pores inside, and can allow water vapor to permeate.
Example 2: steam hydrogen production device
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the steam cracking low-nitrogen combustion device comprises a closed reaction tank 1, wherein the closed reaction tank 1 is a closed tank body, a bracket 101 arranged in a blocky catalyst is arranged in the middle of the closed reaction tank 1, the bracket is made into a cylindrical shape by a stainless steel mesh, the blocky catalyst is placed in the bracket, the bracket is arranged on a circular through hole in the middle of the closed reaction tank 1, gas can only pass through the catalyst in the bracket, fig. 6 shows a top view of the bracket in the middle of the closed reaction tank 1, and the edge of the bracket and the bracket on the side wall of the closed reaction tank are all blocked by a sealing plate 102 to prevent the gas from passing through. One end of the closed reaction tank 1 is connected with one end of a water vapor conveying pipeline 2, and the other end of the water vapor conveying pipeline 2 is connected with a water vapor generator 31 (aiming at an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler 34) or connected with a cylinder 32, and the cylinder 32 is connected with a steam boiler 33 (aiming at the steam boiler). The water vapor generated by the water vapor generator 31 or the sub-cylinder 32 is introduced into the closed reaction tank 1, and then cracked through a catalyst to generate a mixed gas containing hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor. The other end of the closed reaction tank 1 is connected with a mixed gas conveying pipeline 4, the mixed gas conveying pipeline 4 is connected with a steam-water separator 5, and the steam-water separator is used for separating condensed water generated by the mixed gas passing through the pipeline, so that the combustion-supporting gas is obtained. The steam-water separator 5 is connected with a combustion-supporting gas nozzle of a burner 7 through a combustion-supporting gas pipeline 6 so as to spray combustion-supporting gas from the combustion-supporting gas nozzle. The burner 7 is provided with a fuel delivery line 8 for delivering fuel oil or natural gas to a gas nozzle for spraying, a part of the gas is sprayed from an ignition small burner, the gas of the gas small burner is ignited when the gas is ignited, and then the gas sprayed and mixed from the combustion-supporting gas nozzle and the gas nozzle is ignited to generate flame, and the flame is sprayed into a combustion chamber of a steam boiler 33 or an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler 34 for heating. In the case of the steam boiler 33, the steam generated by the steam boiler enters the steam supply line 2 via the steam distribution cylinder 32. For industrial kilns or non-steam boiler boilers 34, the steam feed line 2 is connected to a separate steam generator 31.
Example 3: application of catalyst for producing hydrogen from steam
The hydrogen production by the catalyst in the embodiment 1 and the application of the prepared mixed gas of hydrogen and steam in a boiler or an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler are explained by combining the device in the embodiment 2, so that the energy conservation and emission reduction are realized:
referring to the attached drawings 1 to 6, firstly, steam obtained by a steam distributing cylinder or a steam generator is introduced into a closed reaction tank 1, so that the steam contacts with a massive catalyst and reacts, the temperature in the closed reaction tank is 110-200 ℃, the internal pressure of a container is 5-6 standard atmospheric pressures, a gas mixture of hydrogen and the steam is obtained after the reaction, the gas mixture enters a steam-water separator 5 through a mixed gas conveying pipeline 4, and enters a combustion-supporting gas conveying pipeline 6 after condensed water is separated and enters a combustion-supporting gas nozzle through a first one-way valve 9.
The fuel oil or natural gas is led into a burner 7 through a fuel conveying pipeline 8 and is respectively sprayed out through a fuel gas nozzle and a small ignition burner, the fuel gas sprayed out from the fuel gas nozzle and the combustion-supporting gas sprayed out from the combustion-supporting gas nozzle form mixed gas, the fuel gas sprayed out from the small ignition burner is ignited, the mixed gas can be ignited to form combustion flame, and the burner is combined with a steam boiler or an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler, so that the combustion flame is combusted in a combustion chamber of the steam boiler or the industrial kiln or the non-steam boiler, and heat can be supplied.
Because the combustion-supporting gas is composed of hydrogen, oxygen and steam, combustion-supporting effect can be generated on fuel, so that fuel consumption can be reduced, the steam is also beneficial to dispersing substances such as tar and the like generated by combustion, the overhigh local combustion temperature can be avoided, and the generation of nitrogen oxide is reduced integrally.
Example 4: effect of steam cracking on catalyst
The steam is cracked in a closed reaction tank under the conditions of embodiment 3, the cracked gas components are detected, the volume of the detected hydrogen can be maintained within the range of 5-10% by volume percentage under the catalytic reaction conditions of 110-200 ℃ and 5-6 standard atmospheric pressures, and the volume of the oxygen is within the range of 3-5% by volume percentage.
Example 5: verification of combustion effect
Example 1: fuel oil 2-ton steam boiler
Remarking: the fuel cost is 3.2 yuan/kg, the catalyst cost is 580 yuan/kg, 1 kg of catalyst is consumed per 2000 kg of fuel, the steam cost is 200 yuan/ton, 1 kg of fuel consumes 1 kg of steam, the mixed combustion fuel cost is 3.2 yuan +0.29 yuan +0.2 yuan =3.69 yuan, 125 x 3.2-86 x 3.69=82.66 yuan/hour is saved, the saving rate is 20.66%, and the emission of nitrogen oxides is 26 mg/m.
Example 2: 4 ton organic heat carrier boiler
Remarking: bear 3 yuan/m, bear 580 yuan/kg, bear 1 kg of catalyst for natural gas, bear 200 yuan/t of steam, bear 1 kg of steam for natural gas bearing 1m, bear 3 yuan +0.29 yuan +0.2 yuan =3.49 yuan for mixed combustion fuel, save 8160m for bearing 3 yuan-5875 m for bearing 3.49 yuan =3976 yuan/day, and save 16.2% of saving rate. And carrying out nitrogen oxide emission by 28 mg/m. Completely meets the requirement of ultra-low emission.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the concept and implementation of the present invention, and are not restrictive, and technical solutions that are not substantially changed under the concept of the present invention are still within the scope of protection.
Claims (9)
1. The catalyst for preparing hydrogen from water vapor is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 5-10 parts of iron powder, 30-50 parts of aluminum powder, 4-15 parts of metal chloride, 15-40 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 15-30 parts of manganese ore powder.
2. The catalyst for producing hydrogen from steam as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the components is: 6-8 parts of iron powder, 35-45 parts of aluminum powder, 9-11 parts of metal chloride, 15-25 parts of molybdenum disulfide and 8-12 parts of manganese ore powder.
3. The catalyst for hydrogen production from water vapor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the iron powder, the aluminum powder, the metal chloride, the molybdenum disulfide and the manganese ore powder is 200-500 meshes.
4. The catalyst for hydrogen production from water vapor according to claim 1, wherein the metal chloride is one or more of sodium chloride, potassium chloride and barium chloride.
5. The steam hydrogen production catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by being produced by: the components are uniformly mixed, then a water-soluble adhesive is added to prepare a blocky catalyst, and then the blocky catalyst is pressed under 6 to 9 standard atmospheric pressures to prepare blocks and dried, wherein the water-soluble adhesive is one of water glass, polyacrylamide or paste.
6. The catalyst for hydrogen production from water vapor according to claim 5 is applied to fuel saving and nitrogen oxide emission reduction, and is characterized in that:
(a) carrying out contact reaction on the water vapor and the blocky catalyst in a closed reaction tank at the temperature of 110-200 ℃ and under 5-6 standard atmospheric pressures to obtain a gas mixture of hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor, introducing the gas mixture into a conveying pipeline and separating condensed water to obtain combustion-supporting gas,
(b) introducing fuel oil or natural gas into a combustor to obtain required fuel;
(c) and mixing and igniting the fuel and the combustion-supporting gas at a nozzle of the combustion engine, and using the mixture as a heat source to supply heat to the outside.
7. A steam cracking low-nitrogen combustion device comprises a closed reaction tank and is characterized in that the middle of the closed reaction tank is provided with a steam hydrogen production catalyst according to claim 5, one end of the steam hydrogen production catalyst is connected with a steam conveying pipeline, the other end of the steam hydrogen production catalyst is connected with a mixed gas conveying pipeline, the mixed gas conveying pipeline is connected with a steam-water separator, the steam-water separator is connected with a combustion-supporting gas nozzle of a combustion engine through a combustion-supporting gas pipeline, and the combustion engine is further provided with a fuel gas nozzle and a small ignition nozzle.
8. The steam-cracking low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the combustor is connected with a boiler, and the steam generated by the boiler enters the steam conveying pipeline through a branch cylinder.
9. The steam-cracking low-nitrogen combustion device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the burner is connected with an industrial kiln or a non-steam boiler, and the steam delivery pipe is connected with a steam generator.
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