CN111001274A - Front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device - Google Patents

Abstract

A front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device comprises a respiratory counter, a positive and negative overpressure release valve, a bubble oil cup, a main body neck pipe and a mounting flange; the main body neck is connected between the moisture absorber connecting flange and the oil storage cabinet breathing pipe through a mounting flange, the main body neck is provided with a branch pipe, the breathing counter and the bubble oil cup are connected on the branch pipe of the main body neck, and the positive and negative overpressure release valves are arranged at the positions of the main body neck for leading out the branch pipe. According to the breathing state indicating function combined optional assembly consisting of the bubble oil cup, the breathing counter and the positive and negative overpressure release valves, an operator can observe the breathing action bubble process through the device by naked eyes, and meanwhile, the device can automatically count the breathing times of the moisture absorber and can automatically release the moisture absorber in a breathing blocked state.

Description

Front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a moisture absorber of an oil conservator of electrical equipment, in particular to a front-mounted multifunctional breathing state indicating device.

Background

The breathing air drying device (moisture absorber) existing in the oil immersed transformer, the reactor and the capacitor oil conservator is mostly provided with an oil cup (as shown in figure 1) used for air isolation and breathing state observation at the bottom, and when the breathing pipeline has gas flowing, bubbles are generated in the oil cup filled with transformer oil, so that operating personnel can conveniently observe the breathing condition of the equipment. In the long-term use process, water accumulation exists in the oil cup of the moisture absorber, the phenomenon of outward splashing of transformer oil also occurs when the breathing is too rapid, and the observation is difficult after dust is accumulated on the outer side of the oil cup; in addition, the breathing process occurs according to the load change of the main equipment served by the operator, and the operator does not necessarily have to take a breathing action at the moment when standing and observing, and cannot stare at the equipment for a long time until the operator takes the breathing action. In the market, an oil cup is not arranged at the bottom of a part of air drying devices, but a metal sintered filter screen (as shown in figure 2) is used instead, so that the air drying devices are not only used for filtering dust in sucked air, but also can be used for guiding out accumulated water in the air drying devices.

Neither of these two configurations of devices solves several of the most important concerns of users:

1) whether the equipment has breathing action every day, 2) what the frequency of breathing every day is, 3) if breathing is blocked and not known without observable breath indicating devices, a major equipment trip accident associated with the conservator may be triggered.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problem that the breathing state of a moisture absorber is inconvenient to obtain in the prior art, and provides a front-mounted multifunctional breathing state indicating device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention has the following technical scheme:

a front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device comprises a respiratory counter, a positive and negative overpressure release valve, a bubble oil cup, a main body neck pipe and a mounting flange; the main body neck pipe is connected between the moisture absorber connecting flange and the oil conservator breathing pipe through a mounting flange, the main body neck pipe is provided with a branch pipe, the breathing counter and the bubble oil cup are connected to the branch pipe of the main body neck pipe, and the positive and negative overpressure release valves are arranged at the positions where the branch pipe is led out of the main body neck pipe; when the breathing tube of the oil storage cabinet exhales gas, the gas flow firstly passes through the positive and negative overpressure release valve and the breathing counter and then reaches the bubble oil cup, bubbles emitted by the bubble oil cup are discharged to the outside through the moisture absorber, the breathing counter finishes once expiration counting in the process, if expiration is blocked, after the internal pressure of the neck tube of the main body rises to reach a threshold value, the positive and negative overpressure release valve performs positive pressure release action until the pressure is reduced below the threshold value, and meanwhile, the breathing counter records one positive pressure overpressure release action for alarming; when the breathing tube of the oil storage cabinet inhales gas, the airflow firstly reaches the bubble oil cup through the moisture absorber, then reaches the breathing counter and the positive and negative overpressure release valves, and then reaches the oil storage cabinet through the breathing tube of the oil storage cabinet, the breathing counter finishes breathing counting once in the process, if breathing is blocked, the internal pressure of the neck tube of the main body is reduced to reach a threshold value, the positive and negative overpressure release valves perform negative pressure release action until the pressure is increased to be higher than the threshold value, and meanwhile, the breathing counter records a negative pressure overpressure release action for alarming.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the front multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of the present invention, a blind hole is provided at a portion of the neck tube of the main body, which is connected between the moisture absorber and the respiratory tube of the oil conservator, and a communication loop is formed after passing through the bubble oil cup on the branch tube; the respiratory counter and the positive and negative overpressure release valves form a constant pressure cavity through the pipeline.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the prepositioned multifunctional respiratory state indicating device, the main body neck pipe is threaded at the interface positions of the respiratory counter, the positive and negative overpressure release valves and the bubble oil cup, and a blank cap is arranged at the interface position of the main body neck pipe to seal when one of the components is not used.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device, the bubble oil cup includes an upper flange of a columnar protruding structure oil cup and an outward-turned brim opening glass cup connected with the upper flange through a lower square flange, an oil-proof sealing ring is arranged at a joint of the flanges, the upper flange of the columnar protruding structure oil cup and the outward-turned brim opening glass cup are combined to form a sealed cavity, a central pipe of the oil cup is inserted into the sealed cavity, the outward-turned brim opening glass cup is filled with transformer oil, the liquid level of the transformer oil is higher than the tail end of the central pipe of the oil cup, and the transformer oil cannot be taken out of the bubble oil cup in the process of breathing out and breathing in the breathing pipe of the oil storage cabinet.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the front multifunctional respiratory state indicating device, the surface of the outward-turned eave opening glass cup is marked with capacity scale lines and upper and lower limit warning lines; the tail end of the central pipe of the oil cup is provided with a plurality of arch-shaped holes along the circumference, and the arch-shaped holes are used for reducing the spraying caused by too large fluctuation of the oil level when the atmosphere passes through.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the prepositioned multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of the present invention, the positive and negative overpressure release valves include a main body interface connected to the main body neck, and a positive pressure channel and a negative pressure channel both connected to the main body interface, the positive pressure channel and the negative pressure channel respectively include a positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity and a negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity, the positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity and the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity are respectively placed with a positive pressure gravity ball and a negative pressure gravity ball, and the tail ends of the positive pressure channel and the negative pressure channel are provided with a positive pressure release exhaust port and a negative pressure release exhaust port.

Preferably, in the above preferred embodiment of the present invention, the top of the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity is communicated with the main body interface, the bottom of the positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity is communicated with the main body interface, the top of the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity is provided with a blocking rod for limiting the negative pressure gravity ball, the negative pressure release exhaust port is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity, the top of the positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity is led out downwards by a pipeline, and the port is provided with the positive pressure release exhaust port.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the front multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of the present invention, the main body ports of the positive and negative overpressure release valves are opened on the side surface, and the top part is opened with a through hole and additionally provided with a blank cap with a sealing ring.

Preferably, in an embodiment of the prepositive multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of the invention, the part of the respiration counter connected with the neck tube of the main body is provided with an airflow interface, the airflow interface is connected with a control panel, and an airflow sensing measuring element is implanted in the inner tube of the airflow interface and can measure the flow and the pressure of the gas. The respiration counter is powered by an external power supply, solar energy or an internal battery; the respiration counter has the following functions:

1) liquid crystal display: daily expiration times are displayed, daily inspiration times are displayed, positive pressure overpressure release times are displayed, negative pressure overpressure release times are displayed, airflow temperature is displayed, airflow humidity is displayed, battery electric quantity is displayed, and warning prompt is given; 2) and (3) key setting: setting a pressure threshold, setting communication parameters and setting a clock; 3) information acquisition: airflow direction, airflow pressure, airflow temperature, airflow humidity; 4) battery management: calculating the electricity consumption of the battery; the communication mode is Bluetooth, infrared, twisted pair or Ethernet port.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the breathing state indicating function combined optional assembly consisting of the bubble oil cup, the breathing counter and the positive and negative overpressure release valves is arranged between the moisture absorber connecting flange and the breathing pipe to form the front-mounted multifunctional breathing state indicating device, so that the problems that the breathing action bubble process can be observed by naked eyes, the daily breathing frequency can be automatically counted and the automatic release is carried out under the breathing blocked state are solved. The connecting ports of the positive and negative overpressure release valves and the respiration counter part are communicated with the breathing pipe of the oil storage cabinet connected with the upper flange, and are constant-pressure cavities, the cavities are connected to the neck pipe of the main body through bubble oil cups, and reach the lower flange connected with the moisture absorber, and the lower end of the moisture absorber is connected with the outside air. When the breathing tube of the oil storage cabinet exhales and inhales gas, the breathing action can be observed through the bubble oil cup, the breathing counter completes the statistics of the breathing frequency, and when the breathing is blocked, positive pressure release action and negative pressure release action are carried out through the positive and negative overpressure release valves, so that the safety of the equipment in the working process is maintained. The device of the invention adopts flange connection, is convenient to install, integrates the function of monitoring the working state of various moisture absorbers and ensures the working reliability of the moisture absorbers.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art oil cup type dehydrator breather;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art cup-less dehydrator breather;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the device of the present invention showing the optional installation of various functional components via the blank cap;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention attached to an oil cup type dehydrating breather;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention installed on a cup-less dehydrating breather;

FIG. 7 is a gas circuit diagram of the preposed multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a bubble oil cup in the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the positive and negative overpressure relief valves of the inventive apparatus;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the positive pressure overpressure release actuating gas flow direction of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the flow of the negative pressure overpressure release actuating gas of the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a front view of a breath counter configuration of the device of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a side view of a breath counter configuration in the device of the present invention;

in the drawings: 1-breathing tube of oil conservator; 2-a moisture absorber; 3-1, installing an upper flange; 3-2, mounting a lower flange; 4-a breath counter; 5-positive and negative overpressure release valves; 6-bubble oil cup; 7-covering the blank cap; 8-body neck tube; 9-oil cup; 4-1. an airflow interface; 4-2-control panel; 5-1, a positive pressure gravity ball; 5-2, negative pressure gravity ball; 5-3, releasing the funnel-shaped cavity by positive pressure and overpressure; 5-4, releasing the funnel-shaped cavity under negative pressure and overpressure; 5-5, blocking the rod; 5-6, main body interface; 5-7, releasing the exhaust port by positive pressure; 5-8, negative pressure releasing exhaust port; 6-1, an upper flange of the oil cup with the columnar bump structure; 6-2. turning outwards the brim with an opening glass cup; 6-3, a square lower flange; 6-4, oil cup central tube; 6-5, fixing the bolt; 6-6. arch hole; 6-7, oil-proof sealing ring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 3-7, the invention discloses a front-mounted multifunctional respiratory state indicating device, which comprises a respiratory counter 4, positive and negative overpressure release valves 5, a bubble oil cup 6, a main body neck pipe 8 and an upper mounting flange and a lower mounting flange in the whole structure.

The main body neck pipe 8 is respectively connected between the connecting flange of the moisture absorber 2 and the breathing pipe 1 of the oil storage cabinet through an upper mounting flange 3-1 and a lower mounting flange 3-2. The main body neck 8 is provided with a branch pipe, the breath counter 4 and the bubble oil cup 6 are connected on the branch pipe of the main body neck 8, and the positive and negative overpressure release valves 5 are arranged at the positions of the main body neck 8 from which the branch pipe is led out. When the breathing pipe 1 of the oil storage cabinet breathes out air, air flow firstly passes through the positive and negative overpressure release valve 5 and the breathing counter 4 and then reaches the bubble oil cup 6, bubbles emitted from the bubble oil cup 6 are discharged to the outside through the moisture absorber 2, the breathing counter 4 finishes counting the breathed air once in the process, if the breathed air is blocked, the internal pressure of the neck pipe 8 of the main body rises to reach a threshold value, the positive and negative overpressure release valve 5 performs positive pressure release action until the pressure drops below the threshold value, and meanwhile, the breathing counter 4 records a positive pressure overpressure release action alarm. When the breathing tube 1 of the oil storage cabinet inhales gas, airflow firstly reaches the bubble oil cup 6 through the moisture absorber 2, then reaches the breathing counter 4 and the positive and negative overpressure release valves 5, and then reaches the oil storage cabinet through the breathing tube 1 of the oil storage cabinet, the breathing counter 4 finishes inhaling and counting once in the process, if inhaling is blocked, the internal pressure of the main body neck tube 8 is reduced to reach a threshold value, the positive and negative overpressure release valves 5 perform negative pressure release action until the pressure is increased to be above the threshold value, and meanwhile, the breathing counter 4 records one negative pressure overpressure release action for alarming.

The positive and negative overpressure release valve 5 and the bubble oil cup 6 are mechanical parts, the working process does not depend on a power supply, the respiration counter 4 is an electronic device and is designed in an external power supply, solar power supply or internal battery power supply mode, the solar power supply or internal battery power supply type respiration counter can be preferentially selected on occasions where the external power supply is inconvenient to introduce, and all parts and assemblies can be used in an environment of 40-60 degrees below zero. The indicating device is suitable for function upgrading of most field moisture absorbers.

The upper flange 3-1 and the lower flange 3-2 are arc-shaped mounting hole flanges with four-point fixing types, corresponding angles can be adjusted according to needs, the upper flange 3-1 is provided with a sunken sealing gasket positioning groove, good contact between the sealing gasket and the breathing pipe flange is guaranteed when the sealing gasket is connected, and the phenomenon of air leakage is avoided. A main body neck pipe 8 connected with an upper mounting flange and a lower mounting flange is provided with a blind hole which is not communicated with the main body neck pipe, a communication loop is formed after the blind hole passes through a bubble oil cup 6, and the connection path part of the upper mounting flange 3-1 can be respectively connected with a respiration counter 4 and a positive and negative overpressure release valve 5. The body neck 8 is designed as a cylindrical structure in order to achieve a weight saving and at the same time to make its appearance as attractive as possible. The main body neck 8 and the interface of each functional component are tapped, when selecting not to connect individual functional component, the main body interface of the corresponding component can be plugged by the blank cap 7, without affecting other functions.

Referring to fig. 8, bubble oil cup 6 in the device of the invention needs to inject transformer oil with a certain liquid level height when the device is normally used, so that the liquid level of the breathing tube is reduced when the breathing tube breathes in, gas is recovered through the back liquid level, the liquid level of the breathing tube rises when the breathing tube breathes in, gas is recovered through the back liquid level, both cases can generate liquid level fluctuation and can also be accompanied by bubble generation when breathing in, if the oil filling liquid level is too high, the gas can be sucked out of the oil cup entering device main body when breathing in, and the gas can also be sprayed out of the oil cup entering the moisture absorber connected with the lower end.

When the air bubble oil cup 6 does not breathe in the breathing pipe, the air bubble oil cup can isolate the oil conservator from the outside air.

The bubble oil cup 6 adopts a cylindrical outwards-turned brim opening glass cup 6-2 with the thickness of 5mm, an oil-proof sealing ring is wrapped around the outwards-turned brim, the center hole of the square lower flange of the bubble oil cup is equal to the diameter of the glass body of the glass cup and is smaller than the diameter of the outwards-turned brim of the opening, the square lower flange 6-3 is sleeved in the bottom of the glass cup and is fixed with the square columnar raised structure upper flange 6-1 through a fixing bolt 6-5, and the structural design not only ensures the sealing property of the bubble oil cup component, but also facilitates the operation of disassembling and assembling the oil cup when an installer injects oil.

The outer wall of the bubble oil cup 6 is marked with volume scale marks by adopting an acid etching process and is coated into black, and the upper limit of the oil injection liquid level is marked by a red line, so that the oil injection operation of an installer is facilitated. The lower end of the central pipe 6-4 of the oil cup is provided with four arch holes 6-6, and the arch holes 6-6 are designed to reduce the spraying caused by too large fluctuation of the oil level when the atmospheric air passes through.

Referring to fig. 9-11, the positive and negative overpressure release valves 5 in the device of the present invention are in a closed state when the breathing circuit of the oil conservator is unblocked, and if the breathing circuit is blocked and a certain pressure value is formed, the corresponding positive pressure release or negative pressure release is automatically opened to balance the internal pressure of the oil conservator and avoid triggering the tripping accident of the associated main equipment (transformer, reactor or capacitor).

The positive and negative overpressure release valves are spherical pressure release assemblies integrating positive overpressure release and negative overpressure release, gravity balls with the diameter smaller than that of the cavity and larger than that of the funnel openings are arranged in the funnel-shaped cavity, and when the gas pressure in the breathing pipeline is within the action pressure of the release valves, the release valves isolate the exhaust channels by means of the self gravity of the gravity balls, so that the direction of the gas flow is not changed; when the gas pressure in the breathing pipeline exceeds the action pressure of the release valve, the gravity ball is lifted by the pressure, the pressure gas passes through the edge of the ball body until the pressure returns to the value below the action pressure of the release valve, and the gravity ball automatically returns to the blocking position of the exhaust passage. The blocking rod 5-5 in the structural principle of the release valve is used for limiting the negative pressure gravity ball when strong negative pressure is released, and the gravity ball is prevented from blocking the interface air passage.

The air outlet of positive pressure release and negative pressure release is designed to be in the direction of the lower opening, rainwater or dust is prevented from entering the interior of the release valve, and the top opening is provided with a blank cap with a sealing ring, so that the problems in the aspects of manufacturing and overhauling of the release valve are solved. The positive and negative pressure release pressure value is determined by calculating the surface area of the pressure bearing surface of the gravity ball and the mass of the gravity balls made of different materials, and the gravity balls with corresponding mass can be matched according to different field requirements. The respiratory pressure of the oil conservator belongs to the category of micro-pressure, the design requirement on a pressure release device is high, and products of the type are rarely seen in the market. The release valve is small in size, light in weight, simple in structure and suitable for different field environments, and does not depend on an external power supply by adopting a pure mechanical principle. The external appearance of the release valve can be designed into a spherical shape, a cylindrical shape and the like, and the internal gravity ball can also be replaced by a conical body or a spherical body and a conical body which are provided with springs, but the logical thought is the same.

Referring to fig. 12-13, the breath counter 4 in the device of the present invention realizes automatic recording and statistics of the number of breaths, makes up for the deficiency that the breathing state reflected by the bubble oil cup 6 cannot be preserved, and can record the action condition of the relief valve after the pressure exceeds the limit and perform alarm prompt. The intelligent data transmission system has data communication capability and can transmit data to other intelligent equipment (such as a mobile phone, a remote computer and the like).

The respiration counter 4 is a counting device based on an electronic principle, needs power supply support in the working process, can meet the installation requirements of individual sites by adopting an external power supply introducing mode, and also considers the actual current situation that the external power supply is difficult to introduce in a plurality of sites, so the respiration counter is designed to be capable of being connected with the external power supply and adopting a solar power supply or internal battery power supply mode, a low-power-consumption single chip microcomputer can collect and judge weak respiration signals, the automatic recording and counting work of the respiration times is completed, the recorded information is displayed on a liquid crystal panel, the liquid crystal panel has a backlight function, the backlight can be turned on when any key is pressed at night, and the backlight is automatically turned off after 10 seconds.

The respiration counter 4 comprises five parts, namely a rear cover, a front cover, a panel, an airflow interface 4-1 and a control panel 4-2, wherein the rear cover is of a cylindrical structure with a sealed back and an open front, and the airflow interface 4-1 is arranged below the rear cover; adopt panel and control panel to pass through the screw fixation to expose liquid crystal display panel and button, waterproof facial mask is pasted to the panel outermost, is transparent window and button convex closure on the facial mask, sheathes rubber seal in the panel that will paste the facial mask and put into the front shroud, at last with the rotatory locking of back lid can. The sensing and measuring element is implanted in the inner tube of the airflow interface and can directly sense the flow and the pressure of the gas. The control panel 4-2 is provided with a high-energy battery, a low-power consumption singlechip, a power supply detection circuit, a sensor signal processing circuit, a communication processing circuit, a terminal interface, a key and a liquid crystal panel.

The respiration counter 4 has the following functions:

1) liquid crystal display: daily expiration times are displayed, daily inspiration times are displayed, positive pressure overpressure release times are displayed, negative pressure overpressure release times are displayed, airflow temperature is displayed, airflow humidity is displayed, battery electric quantity is displayed, and warning prompt is given; 2) and (3) key setting: setting a pressure threshold, setting communication parameters and setting a clock; 3) information acquisition: airflow direction, airflow pressure, airflow temperature, airflow humidity; 4) battery management: calculating the electricity consumption of the battery; 5) communication: bluetooth, infrared, twisted pair, ethernet port.

The detection perception of the respiration counter 4 to the respiration airflow adopts a mode of combining a pyroelectric effect and a resistance type strain gauge, when the airflow flows, the heat balance of a pyroelectric effect unit changes, an output electric signal is amplified and filtered and then sent into a single chip microcomputer to be converted from an analog quantity to a digital quantity, and the converted digital quantity is used for later-stage calculation, and the process is used for obtaining the gas flow; the resistance-type strain gauge receives the air current and strikes and can take place small deformation, and the resistance value after the deformation changes, and the signal of output also follows the change, and the signal of likewise through conditioning output is gathered through the singlechip, then learns air current direction and intensity. The data comprehensively obtained by the two modes can effectively judge the airflow condition in the breathing tube and provide a data source for display and statistics.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical solution of the present invention in any way, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution can be modified and changed in several simple ways without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, and the modified and changed technical solution also falls into the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A multi-functional breathing state indicating device of forward type which characterized in that: the device comprises a breathing counter (4), positive and negative overpressure release valves (5), a bubble oil cup (6), a main body neck pipe (8) and a mounting flange; a main body neck pipe (8) is connected between a connecting flange of the moisture absorber (2) and a breathing pipe (1) of the oil storage cabinet through a mounting flange, the main body neck pipe (8) is provided with a branch pipe, a breathing counter (4) and a bubble oil cup (6) are connected to the branch pipe of the main body neck pipe (8), and a positive and negative overpressure release valve (5) is arranged at the position where the main body neck pipe (8) leads out of the branch pipe; when the breathing tube (1) of the oil storage cabinet breathes out gas, the gas flow firstly passes through the positive and negative overpressure release valve (5) and the breathing counter (4) and then reaches the bubble oil cup (6), bubbles emitted from the bubble oil cup (6) are discharged to the outside through the moisture absorber (2), the breathing counter (4) finishes counting the expired air once in the process, if the expired air is blocked, the internal pressure of the neck tube (8) of the main body rises to reach a threshold value, the positive and negative overpressure release valve (5) performs positive pressure release action until the pressure is reduced to be below the threshold value, and meanwhile, the breathing counter (4) records a positive pressure overpressure release action alarm; when the breathing tube (1) of the oil storage cabinet sucks gas, airflow firstly reaches the bubble oil cup (6) through the moisture absorber (2), then reaches the breathing counter (4) and the positive and negative overpressure release valves (5), and then reaches the oil storage cabinet through the breathing tube (1) of the oil storage cabinet, in the process, the breathing counter (4) finishes breathing counting once, if breathing is blocked, the internal pressure of the neck tube (8) of the main body is reduced to reach a threshold value, the positive and negative overpressure release valves (5) release negative pressure until the pressure rises above the threshold value, and meanwhile, the breathing counter (4) records a negative pressure overpressure release action alarm.

2. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 1, wherein:

the part of the main body neck pipe (8) connected between the moisture absorber (2) and the breathing pipe (1) of the oil storage cabinet is provided with a blind hole which is not communicated with the breathing pipe, and a communication loop is formed after passing through the bubble oil cup (6) on the branch pipe;

the respiratory counter (4) and the positive and negative overpressure release valves (5) form a constant pressure cavity through the pipeline.

3. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 1, wherein: the main body neck pipe (8) is provided with threads at the interface positions of the respiration counter (4), the positive and negative overpressure release valves (5) and the bubble oil cup (6), and when one of the components is not used, a blank cap (7) is installed at the interface position of the main body neck pipe (8) for plugging.

4. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 1, wherein: the bubble oil cup (6) comprises an upper flange (6-1) of the oil cup with a columnar bulge structure and an outward-turned eave opening glass cup (6-2) connected with the upper flange through a lower square flange (6-3), an oil-resistant sealing ring (6-7) is arranged at the joint of the flanges, the upper flange (6-1) of the oil cup with the columnar bulge structure and the outward-turned eave opening glass cup (6-2) are combined to form a sealed cavity, an oil cup central pipe (6-4) is inserted into the sealed cavity, transformer oil is filled in the outward-turned eave opening glass cup (6-2), the liquid level of the transformer oil is higher than the tail end of the oil cup central pipe (6-4), and the bubble oil cup (6) cannot be taken out in the process of gas breathing pipe (1) of the oil storage cabinet.

5. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 4, wherein: the surface of the outward-turned eave opening glass cup (6-2) is marked with capacity scale lines and upper and lower limit warning lines; the tail end of the central pipe (6-4) of the oil cup is provided with a plurality of arched holes (6-6) along the circumference, and the arched holes (6-6) reduce the spraying caused by too large fluctuation of the oil level when the atmosphere passes through.

6. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 1, wherein: the positive and negative overpressure release valve (5) comprises a main body interface (5-6) connected with a main body neck pipe (8) and a positive pressure channel and a negative pressure channel which are simultaneously connected with the main body interface (5-6), the positive pressure channel and the negative pressure channel respectively comprise a positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-3) and a negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-4), a positive pressure gravity ball (5-1) and a negative pressure gravity ball (5-2) are respectively placed in the positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-3) and the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-4), and a positive pressure release exhaust port (5-7) and a negative pressure release exhaust port (5-8) are arranged at the tail ends of the positive pressure channel and the negative pressure channel.

7. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 6, wherein: the top of the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-4) is communicated with the main body interface (5-6), the bottom of the positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-3) is communicated with the main body interface (5-6), a blocking rod (5-5) for limiting the negative pressure gravity ball (5-2) is arranged at the top of the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-4), a negative pressure release exhaust port (5-8) is arranged at the bottom of the negative pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-4), and the top of the positive pressure overpressure release funnel-shaped cavity (5-3) is led out downwards through a pipeline and is provided with a positive pressure release exhaust port (5-7) at a port.

8. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 7, wherein: the main body ports (5-6) of the positive and negative overpressure release valves (5) are arranged on the side faces, and the top parts of the main body ports are provided with through holes and are additionally provided with a blank cap (7) with a sealing ring.

9. The forward multifunctional respiratory state indicating device of claim 1, wherein: the part of the respiration counter (4) connected with the neck tube (8) of the main body is provided with an airflow interface (4-1), the airflow interface (4-1) is connected with the control panel (4-2), and an airflow sensing measuring element is implanted in the inner tube of the airflow interface (4-1) and can measure the flow and pressure of air.

10. The prepositioned multifunctional respiratory status indicating device according to claim 9, wherein the respiratory counter (4) is powered by an external power supply, solar energy or an internal battery; the respiration counter (4) has the following functions:

1) liquid crystal display: daily expiration times are displayed, daily inspiration times are displayed, positive pressure overpressure release times are displayed, negative pressure overpressure release times are displayed, airflow temperature is displayed, airflow humidity is displayed, battery electric quantity is displayed, and warning prompt is given; 2) and (3) key setting: setting a pressure threshold, setting communication parameters and setting a clock; 3) information acquisition: airflow direction, airflow pressure, airflow temperature, airflow humidity; 4) battery management: calculating the electricity consumption of the battery; the communication mode is Bluetooth, infrared, twisted pair or Ethernet port.

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