CN110996306A - Multichannel signal acquisition communication protocol based on ZigBee - Google Patents
Multichannel signal acquisition communication protocol based on ZigBee Download PDFInfo
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
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- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 7
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/72—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for local intradevice communication
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Abstract
The invention provides a ZigBee-based multi-channel wireless biological signal acquisition communication protocol, relates to the technical field of Internet of things communication, and mainly aims to improve communication efficiency. The multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol based on the ZigBee comprises an upper computer, a receiver and a data acquisition and transmitting terminal, wherein the upper computer gives an operation command and controls the start and stop of the functions of the data acquisition and transmitting terminal through the receiver; the task mechanism of the data acquisition and transmission end runs in a polling mode and comprises a system task, a sampling task, an information feedback task and an information transmission task. The invention is used for solving the problems that the traditional communication protocol is easy to lose data and is inconvenient to use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication of the Internet of things, in particular to a ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol.
Background
The existing communication protocol is not defined aiming at the data format of the multichannel biological signal application, and meanwhile, the existing communication protocol consumes excessive network resources aiming at a retransmission mechanism, has the possibility of frame loss and is not suitable for medical equipment. The common ZigBee communication protocol also has the problems that the allowed bandwidth cannot be effectively utilized, the working state of the equipment cannot be accurately described, and the working condition of the equipment cannot be accurately recorded. Therefore, in view of the above circumstances, it is necessary to develop a novel multi-channel bio-signal acquisition communication protocol suitable for the medical industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol, which comprises the following specific schemes:
the invention provides a ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol, which comprises an upper computer, a receiver and a data acquisition and transmitting terminal, wherein the upper computer gives an operation command and controls the start and stop of the functions of the data acquisition and transmitting terminal through the receiver; the task mechanism of the data acquisition and transmission end runs in a polling mode and comprises a system task, a sampling task, an information feedback task and an information transmission task.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the operation command given by the upper computer sends a command packet and a feedback signal to the receiver via a serial protocol, and the receiver is responsible for receiving and distributing signals of the upper computer and the data acquisition and transmission terminal.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the data acquisition and transmission end starts an information transmission task and transmits a data packet after receiving a command packet sent by the upper computer, and the upper computer sends a data feedback packet after receiving the data packet; and the data acquisition and transmission end determines that the upper computer receives the data packet after receiving the data feedback packet, and retransmits the data packet after determining that the data feedback packet is not received.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the information sending task includes a retransmission mechanism, where the retransmission mechanism triggers different tasks according to the sending times of the same data packet, and sends the data packet normally in the first sending, prolongs the sending time in the second sending, changes the sending sequence to send again in the third sending, and starts a sending failure task and gives an alarm in the fourth sending.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the data packet includes a control byte, a short time stamp and a data record, where the control byte and the short time stamp include an identification bit, a sequence bit, a time bit, a module bit, a channel number and data precision, and the module bit includes at least one of a cardiac module and a myoelectric module; the data records include the sampling time and the specific data of the channel used.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the feedback packet is a single byte and includes a control byte, a packet identification bit, and a packet sequence number.
In the above technical solution, preferably, the data acquisition and transmission end includes a stack storage area, starts a sampling task after receiving a sampling task starting command packet given by the upper computer, and sends data to the stack storage area to wait for transmission.
In the above technical solution, preferably, after the stacked storage area reaches the storage limit, the data acquisition and transmission end marks a blocking state and performs system state transition, and after the state transition is completed and communication is realized again, the receiver sends alarm information.
In the above technical solution, preferably, when the data acquisition and transmission end changes its own state and returns to a normal communication state, a feedback packet is sent to the upper computer and continues to work, and meanwhile, the problem data is marked.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the invention optimizes the use efficiency of the system memory; by simplifying the command and data structure and the feedback information, the communication efficiency between the devices is optimized; compared with the traditional communication protocol, the retransmission mechanism is optimized, and the state machine can automatically recover the working state and automatically mark the related problem data after the problem occurs, thereby effectively ensuring the communication quality; meanwhile, the communication protocol has better expansibility and supports the addition of a plurality of signal acquisition devices.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the receiver of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the data acquisition and transmitting side of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a data packet and a command packet in the present invention;
fig. 4 is a state machine of the data acquisition and transmission end of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiments of the invention are described in further detail below with reference to the following figures:
a ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol comprises an upper computer, a receiver and a data acquisition and transmitting terminal, wherein the upper computer gives an operation command and controls the start and stop of the functions of the data acquisition and transmitting terminal through the receiver; the task mechanism of the data acquisition and transmission end operates in a polling manner, and comprises a system task, a sampling task, an information feedback task and an information transmission task, as shown in fig. 2.
It should be noted that the upper computer is connected to the receiver through a serial port protocol (USB protocol), the upper computer sends a command packet and a feedback signal (data feedback packet) to the receiver through the USB protocol, and the receiver is responsible for receiving and distributing signals of the upper computer and the data acquisition and transmission end, as shown in fig. 1, where the signals of the data acquisition and transmission end are wireless signals.
As an optional implementation mode, the data acquisition and transmission end starts an information transmission task and transmits a data packet after receiving a command packet given by the upper computer, and the upper computer sends a data feedback packet after receiving the data packet; and the data acquisition and transmission end determines that the upper computer receives the data packet after receiving the data feedback packet, and retransmits the data packet after determining that the data feedback packet is not received.
As an optional implementation mode, the information transmission task comprises a retransmission mechanism, wherein the retransmission mechanism triggers different tasks according to the transmission times of the same data packet, the information is normally transmitted during the first transmission, the transmission time is prolonged during the second transmission, the transmission sequence is changed and the information is transmitted again during the third transmission, and the transmission failure task is started and an alarm is given during the fourth transmission.
It should be noted that the command packet is retransmitted when the upper computer does not receive the feedback packet of the correct command within a certain time. The certain time can be defined according to the actual requirement.
As an optional implementation manner, the data acquisition and transmission end includes a stack type storage area, the size of the stack type storage area is dynamically adjustable, after receiving a sampling task starting command packet given by an upper computer, a sampling task is started and a relevant module is sampled, and when the size of a data packet reaches an optimized length, the data packet is sent to the stack type storage area to wait for transmission.
Particularly, when the data transmission is completed and the receiver successfully receives the data packet, the receiver can transmit a feedback packet according to the command sequence number and the data acquisition and transmission end, and the data acquisition and transmission end can push out the related packet and release the memory after receiving the feedback packet. And automatically prolonging the sending time interval when the sending feedback is correspondingly unable to be sent in time, and under the condition that the sending is continuously correspondingly unable to be sent in time, jumping to the next data packet waiting for sending and re-trying to send the unsuccessfully sent packet after the data packet is successfully sent.
It should be noted that, after the above operations may cause a plurality of data packets to be stored in the stacked storage area, and the stacked storage area reaches the storage limit, as an optional implementation, the data acquisition and transmission end may mark a blocking state and perform system state transition, and send alarm information to the receiver after completing the state transition and re-implementing communication.
In order to facilitate effective transmission of data among different devices, the data format coding of the application layer needs to be compatible with the use of byte space, and is suitable for the expansibility of different data acquisition requirements.
The scheme comprises three types of data structure definitions, including a data packet, a command packet and a feedback packet. Different packets are distinguished by packet identification bits.
The command packet is sent by the upper computer to control the data acquisition and transmitting terminal. The command packet sent by the upper computer has a variable length, and may be one to multiple bytes, as shown in fig. 3, and includes a single-byte control byte and a multi-byte command parameter, where the command parameter may be null. Common command packets such as initialization, restart, operation, stop and shutdown are single-byte commands, so that the communication efficiency can be improved; the rest of the commands with the unusual use or the multi-parameter commands can be adjusted into multi-byte commands according to actual needs, and the multi-byte commands comprise control bytes and command parameters. The purpose of the above arrangement is to reduce the data volume and improve the system working efficiency.
The data packet is sent by the data acquisition and transmission end and contains the acquired data, as shown in fig. 3. The data packets are multi-byte and, depending on the particular application, may compress unneeded data bits to reduce the amount of data. The data packet comprises control bytes (used for identifying the type of the packet, identifying a source module and a channel, sequencing the packet and data length information), a short time stamp and data records, wherein the control bytes and the short time stamp comprise an identification bit, a sequence bit, a time bit, a module bit, a channel number and data precision, and the module bit comprises at least one of a cardiac electric module and a myoelectric module; the data record comprises sampling time and specific data of a used channel; the module bit, the channel number and the data precision can ensure that different data samples can share the same data acquisition and transmission system. The data of the module bit can be adjusted according to actual needs.
It should be noted that the data packet may contain time and specific data of multiple samples.
The feedback packet is a single byte and is divided into a command and state feedback packet and a data feedback packet according to different feedback information. The feedback packet includes a control byte, a packet identification bit, and a packet sequence number.
Compared with the traditional ZigBee state machine, the data acquisition and transmitting end expands the state machine, and as shown in FIG. 4, when the state of the data acquisition and transmitting end changes and returns to a normal communication state, a feedback packet is sent to the upper computer and continues working, and meanwhile, problem data are marked.
The device provided with the data acquisition and transmission end is an independent device and is correspondingly provided with a power supply, so that the data acquisition and transmission end needs to monitor the voltage condition of the power supply at the same time, display warning when the voltage is reduced to a threshold value 1 and inform a receiver of synchronously displaying an alarm on an upper computer; when the voltage continues to drop to a threshold value 2, the lamp is flashed, the buzzer alarms, the receiver is informed, the upper computer finishes the acquisition task, the alarm is displayed, and then the data acquisition and transmitting end is closed to protect the battery.
The working flow of the communication protocol is as follows.
A receiver:
(1) the receiver starts to listen to the wireless and control signals from the upper computer in a polling mode after the system initialization is completed.
(2) When the receiver receives the wireless data packet, the integrity of the data packet is judged, and if the data packet is complete, a feedback packet is sent to the data acquisition and transmitting terminal wirelessly; if not, the data acquisition and transmission system will not be answered. Meanwhile, the receiver can forward the received data to the upper computer and then turn into a polling state.
(3) When the receiver receives a data packet (namely a command packet) sent by the upper computer, the data packet is directly forwarded to the corresponding data acquisition and transmitting terminals according to the addresses of the data acquisition and transmitting terminals (a plurality of data acquisition and transmitting terminals may be needed during use, and therefore the data packet needs to be sent to the corresponding ports), and at the moment, the data acquisition and transmitting terminals process the command packet and send corresponding feedback packets to the receiver to indicate that the command is successfully received.
The operation of the data acquisition and transmission end is shown in fig. 2.
The data acquisition and transmission end works in a polling mode:
(1) the data acquisition and transmission end enters a polling state after the system initialization is finished, and besides processing corresponding hardware system feedback, a sampling task, an information feedback task and an information sending task are required to be finished simultaneously.
(2) After receiving a sampling command, a data acquisition and transmitting terminal starts sampling and packs data, establishes a new packet and pushes the completed data packet into a stack after the packet length meets the requirement, sets a sending packet according to the state of the sending packet, and starts an information sending task;
the data acquisition and transmitting terminal also comprises a state machine which runs in real time, and can send a state feedback packet to inform an upper computer when the state changes.
(3) After the information sending task starts, the data in the stack are sent in sequence, and the receiver feeds back each data packet after receiving the data packet. If the data acquisition and transmission end does not receive the corresponding data feedback packet, the data will be retransmitted, and corresponding processing is performed according to the retransmission times, and the specific processing mode is shown in fig. 2.
(4) The information feedback task is a flow for carrying out corresponding processing on corresponding commands and data feedback results: when receiving initialization, restart, operation, stop and shutdown commands, firstly sending a command receiving success feedback packet and executing corresponding operation; and when a data transmission feedback packet is received, emptying, reordering and alarming the data in the stack according to the feedback state.
(5) The upper computer can send out control commands, receive data of the data acquisition and transmitting terminals, store the data and draw pictures at the same time through screen operation.
(6) When the network is disconnected and reconnected, the state in the data acquisition and transmission end can recover the work according to the previous state and send the time mark of the problem data to the receiver, and the state machine can display six states and corresponding state transition mechanisms.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol is characterized by comprising an upper computer, a receiver and a data acquisition and transmitting terminal, wherein the upper computer gives an operation command and controls the start and stop of the functions of the data acquisition and transmitting terminal through the receiver; the task mechanism of the data acquisition and transmission end runs in a polling mode and comprises a system task, a sampling task, an information feedback task and an information transmission task.
2. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol as claimed in claim 1, wherein an operation command given by the upper computer sends a command packet and a feedback signal to the receiver through a serial protocol, and the receiver is responsible for receiving and distributing signals of the upper computer and the data acquisition and transmission terminal.
3. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and transmitting end starts an information transmission task and transmits a data packet after receiving a command packet given by the upper computer, and the upper computer sends a data feedback packet after receiving the data packet; and the data acquisition and transmission end determines that the upper computer receives the data packet after receiving the data feedback packet, and retransmits the data packet after determining that the data feedback packet is not received.
4. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol as claimed in claim 3, wherein the information transmission task comprises a retransmission mechanism, wherein the retransmission mechanism triggers different tasks according to the transmission times of the same data packet, the tasks are normally transmitted during the first transmission, the transmission time is prolonged during the second transmission, the transmission sequence is changed during the third transmission and is transmitted again, and the task of transmission failure is started and an alarm is given during the fourth transmission.
5. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol according to claim 3, wherein the data packet comprises a control byte, a short time stamp and a data record, the control byte and the short time stamp comprise an identification bit, a sequence bit, a time bit, a module bit, a channel number and data precision, and the module bit comprises at least one of a cardiac electric module and an electromyographic module; the data records include the sampling time and the specific data of the channel used.
6. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol according to claim 3, wherein the feedback packet is a single byte and comprises a control byte, a packet identification bit and a packet sequence number.
7. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol as claimed in claim 3, wherein the data acquisition and transmission end comprises a stacked storage area, and after receiving a sampling task starting command packet given by the upper computer, the data acquisition and transmission end starts a sampling task and sends data into the stacked storage area to wait for transmission.
8. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol as claimed in claim 7, wherein the data acquisition and transmitting terminal marks a blocking state and performs system state transition after the stacked storage area reaches a storage limit, and sends alarm information to the receiver after the state transition is completed and communication is re-implemented.
9. The ZigBee-based multi-channel signal acquisition communication protocol as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the self state of the data acquisition and transmission terminal changes and returns to a normal communication state, a feedback packet is sent to the upper computer and continues to work, and problem data is marked.
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