CN110995135B

CN110995135B - Solar energy support

Info

Publication number: CN110995135B
Application number: CN201911315000.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王强; 宋帅迪; 靳松桦; 葛明令; 程傲霜
Original assignee: Nantong University
Current assignee: Nantong University
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2022-01-21
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-19
Also published as: CN110995135A; WO2021120804A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a solar support which comprises a fixed arc-shaped pipe, an arc-shaped shaft arranged in the arc-shaped pipe in a suspending manner, a driving mechanism for driving the arc-shaped shaft to deflect, a locking mechanism for locking the deflected arc-shaped shaft and a resetting mechanism for resetting the arc-shaped shaft. In the solar bracket, the arc shaft is suspended in the arc tube, the arc shaft can be pushed to deflect at a certain angle by the driving mechanism at intervals, and then the locking mechanism is used for locking, so that the solar panel can track the sun. The automatic reset can be realized after the tracking is finished through the reset mechanism without manual intervention, and the reset mechanism is ingenious in design and realizes the reset function at the minimum cost.

Description

Solar energy support

Technical Field

The invention relates to a solar bracket, in particular to an adjusting mechanism of the solar bracket, which can realize the self-tracking of a solar battery by matching an electric control device.

Background

A solar cell is an electronic component that converts solar light energy into electrical energy. Generally, a plurality of solar cells are packaged together to form a flat-plate-shaped solar cell module, and a plurality of modules are combined in series and parallel connection and then form a solar power station together with an inverter. According to the cosine law, the angle between the solar module and the sun determines the conversion efficiency of the solar power station. When sunlight directly irradiates on the solar cell, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is highest. However, the direct angle of sunlight constantly changes as the earth rotates during a day, so that the solar energy absorbed by the solar cell constantly changes, and in order to obtain the maximum absorption of the solar energy, a concept of automatically tracking a solar power station is proposed, in which the solar cell rotates as the earth rotates, so that the sunlight is basically directly irradiated on the solar cell.

Traditional solar energy bearing structure all carries out fixed stay to solar cell panel through metal support frame, and solar cell panel can't rotate after the installation is accomplished. At present, the motor is arranged in the support of the traceable solar cell module, and the solar panel is driven to rotate by the motor. However, the solar bracket provided with the motor driving mechanism occupies a large space, is large in mass, is complex in a mode of controlling the rotation of the solar assembly, is high in operation energy consumption and use and maintenance cost, and is difficult to popularize and apply on a large scale.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a solar bracket which is low in cost, easy to maintain, good in practicability and capable of being popularized and applied in a large scale.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the solar bracket provided by the invention comprises a fixed arc-shaped pipe, an arc-shaped shaft suspended in the arc-shaped pipe, a driving mechanism for driving the arc-shaped shaft to deflect, a locking mechanism for locking the deflected arc-shaped shaft and a resetting mechanism for resetting the arc-shaped shaft.

In the solar bracket, the arc shaft is suspended in the arc tube, the arc shaft can be pushed to deflect at a certain angle by the driving mechanism at intervals, and then the locking mechanism is used for locking, so that the solar panel can track the sun. The automatic reset can be realized after the tracking is finished through the reset mechanism without manual intervention, and the reset mechanism is ingenious in design and realizes the reset function at the minimum cost.

Drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of the application of the solar rack of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the solar rack of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the drum structure of the solar rack of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a coil power supply circuit of the driving mechanism in the solar rack of the present invention.

The numbers in the figures are as follows:

1-roof, 2-support rod, 3-arc tube, 4-arc shaft, 5-solar panel, 6-first magnet array, 7-second magnet array, 8-coil, 9-counterweight, 10-rotary drum, 101-ratchet, 102-oblique sliding chute, 103-axial groove, 104-guide plate, 105-first oblique sliding chute, 106-first ratchet, 11-elastic card, 12-solar support, 13-magnetic suspension rotating shaft and A-valley.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.

This embodiment will explain the present invention in detail by taking a solar rack placed on a roof as an example. As shown in fig. 1, one end of the solar cell panel 5 is supported by a magnetic levitation spindle 13, and the other end is supported by a solar rack 12 of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 2, the solar rack of the present embodiment includes an arc tube 3 fixed to a roof 1 (base) by a support rod 2, an arc shaft 4 suspended in the arc tube 3, a driving mechanism for driving the arc shaft 4 to deflect, a locking mechanism for locking the deflected arc shaft 4, and a resetting mechanism for resetting the arc shaft 4. The arc-shaped shaft 4 is adapted to support the solar panel 5 from the back. Fig. 2 is a left side view of fig. 1, with the sun rising from the east (left side of fig. 2).

In this embodiment, the outer surface of the arc shaft 4 is provided with a first magnet array 6, the inner surface (or the outer surface) of the arc tube 3 is provided with a second magnet array 7, the like poles of the magnets in the first magnet array 6 are opposite to the like poles of the magnets in the second magnet array 7, and the characteristic that the like poles repel each other is utilized, so that the arc shaft 4 is suspended in the arc tube 3. In this example, 4-6 magnets are distributed on the cross-section circumference of the arc-shaped shaft 4 and the arc-shaped tube 3, and the magnets arranged at the lower part of the arc-shaped tube 3 and the arc-shaped shaft 4 have higher distribution density in consideration of the self-weight of the solar cell panel 5 and the arc-shaped shaft 4. The driving mechanism comprises a section of coil 8 wound on the surface of the arc-shaped shaft 4 and a coil power supply circuit (see fig. 4), the coil 8 is electrified through the power supply circuit, and a thrust force is generated by a magnetic field generated by the electrified coil 8 and a magnetic field of the magnets in the second magnet array 7 so as to drive the arc-shaped shaft 4 to deflect. The driving force generated is leftward as viewed in fig. 2, and the arc shaft is deflected clockwise by a certain angle, thereby realizing tracking.

As shown in fig. 4, a power supply circuit for the coil of the driving mechanism in the solar rack of this embodiment is shown. The power supply circuit comprises a capacitor C1, a direct-current power supply V1 for charging the capacitor C1, a controlled silicon Q1 and an electromagnetic coil L1 which are connected in series and then connected with the capacitor C1 in parallel, a control loop for controlling the on-off of the controlled silicon Q1 and a timing switch circuit arranged in the control loop, wherein the electromagnetic coil L1 is a coil 8 wound on the surface of the arc-shaped shaft 4; the control loop comprises a battery B1 and a first resistor R1, and the negative electrode of the battery B1 is connected with the control electrode of a thyristor Q1; the timing switch circuit comprises a timer U1 (a 555 timer is selected) and an electromagnetic relay T1 and a triode Q2 which are connected between a power supply and the ground in series, wherein the electromagnetic relay T1 is provided with a normally open contact T1' connected in the control loop, and the output port of the timer U1 is connected with the base electrode of the triode Q2 through a second resistor R2. In fig. 4, D1 is a diode connected in parallel to prevent the collector of transistor Q2 from being subjected to a momentary high voltage, and S1 is a switch, when S1 is closed, the dc power supply V1 charges capacitor C1.

When the output port of the timer U1 is at a high level, the transistor Q2 is turned on, the electromagnetic relay T1 is energized, the normally open contact T1' is closed, the thyristor Q1 is turned on, the capacitor C1 discharges through the electromagnetic coil L1 to generate an instantaneous large current in the electromagnetic coil L1 (coil 8 in fig. 2), and the arc shaft (the part pointed by the reference number 4 in fig. 2) is deflected under the action of a magnetic field. When the output port of the timer U1 is at low level, the triode Q2 is cut off, the electromagnetic relay T1 loses power, the normally open contact T1' is disconnected, the controllable silicon Q1 is cut off, and the direct-current power supply V1 continues to charge the capacitor C1. The timer may be set to trigger a high level once per hour to effect the arc axis deflection once per hour. The triggering time of the timer can be adjusted according to the distribution density of the elastic cards so as to ensure the tracking of the solar panel to the sun.

The capacitor C1 plays an important role, and stores the high-voltage large-current electric energy transmitted by the power supply, and then provides the instantaneous high-voltage large current for the working load to discharge to the electromagnetic coil with high efficiency, so as to generate a strong magnetic field to excite the electromagnetic coil to work. This is, of course, related to the magnitude of the voltage, the magnitude of the capacitor capacitance, and the number of turns in the wire diameter of the coil. In addition, it functions as power compensation for charging and discharging. In order to increase the power and efficiency of the driving mechanism, a capacitor with high withstand voltage and large capacitance, such as 400v30uf, can be selected, but the capacitor capacity is increased and the charging time is slightly longer.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the locking mechanism of the solar rack includes: a row of convex elastic clamps 11 which are arranged on the surface of the arc-shaped shaft 4 along the axial direction and can be pressed by external force (the external force is from the pressing of the inclined sliding chute 102 of the rotary drum 10 to the elastic clamps 11 in the pushing process of the arc-shaped shaft 4) and the rotary drum 10 which is arranged at one end (the left end in fig. 2, namely the end close to the rising of the sun) of the arc-shaped pipe 3 through a bearing and is provided with end surface ratchets 101, and the elastic clamps 11 are clamped into valleys A between the adjacent ratchets 101 so as to realize the locking of the rotation angle of the arc-shaped shaft 4. In this example, the balancing weight 9 is arranged at the left end close to the arc shaft 4, so that the initial position of the solar support has a certain deflection angle, and thus the solar panel 5 can be aligned to the sun when effective illumination exists in the morning, and the solar utilization rate is improved. And the solar bracket rotates clockwise from the initial position, so that the tracking of the sun is realized. Except the mode of additionally arranging the balancing weight, the arc-shaped shaft can be arranged on one side (away from one side of the rising direction of the sun) close to the right of the central line of the solar panel, and the initial position of the solar support is realized by utilizing the gravity center of the solar panel. The inner wall of the rotary drum 10 is provided with inclined sliding grooves 102 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the ratchet teeth 101 and are suitable for pressing the elastic cards 11 and guiding the elastic cards 11 from one side of the inner end of the rotary drum 10 to the outer side of the outer end of the rotary drum 10 corresponding to the ratchet teeth 101, the projections of the valley A between two adjacent ratchet teeth and the inlet of the next inclined sliding groove 102 on the surface of the rotary drum 10 are positioned on the same bus of the rotary drum 10, and then when the arc-shaped shaft 4 is pushed by the driving mechanism, the next elastic card 11 drives the rotary drum 10 to rotate under the guiding action of the inclined sliding grooves 102. The distance that actuating mechanism promotes the arc axle at every turn is slightly greater than the interval between the adjacent elasticity card (does not exceed the interval between the two times elasticity cards), makes at every turn promote the arc axle like this, and the rotary drum takes place once to rotate for next elasticity card blocks in next millet.

The arc-shaped shaft is pushed for several times, so that the tracking of the sun is realized. The problem that arises at the same time is how to reset the arc axis, i.e. how to restore the solar rack from the west-facing position to the east-facing initial position, after the tracking has ended. In this embodiment, the reset mechanism is skillfully arranged on the rotary drum 10, and is an axial groove 103 which is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum 10 and is connected with the bottom of the inclined plane of the last ratchet 101 and is axially penetrated, and is suitable for the elastic card 11 to pass through without external force, and the inner end of the axial groove 103 is provided with a guide plate 104 (not shown in the figure) which is suitable for guiding the elastic card 11 into the first inclined chute 105 according to the arrow direction in fig. 3. The guide plate 104 is rotatably disposed at an inner end (bottom end in the drawing) of the axial groove 103, and the guide plate 104 is held at a guiding state (position of the guide plate in fig. 3) by an elastic force of an elastic member (a coil spring is used in this embodiment, and an elastic piece is also used in this embodiment). In the absence of external force, the guide plate 104 blocks the inner port of the axial groove 103 and prevents the elastic clip 11 from reversely entering the axial groove 103.

By arranging a reasonable number of elastic clamps on the arc-shaped shaft, the elastic clamp 11 can be just clamped in the valley between the last-but-one ratchet and the last-but-one ratchet when the tracking is finished. The driving mechanism pushes the arc-shaped shaft again, so that the next elastic card 11 (the last elastic card) slides out along the last inclined sliding groove 102, meanwhile, the rotary drum 10 rotates synchronously, then, the arc-shaped shaft rotates anticlockwise under the action of gravity, the elastic card 11 slides into the axial groove 103 along the inclined plane of the last ratchet 101, and meanwhile, the axial groove 103 and the elastic card 11 are positioned on the same axial direction, so that all the elastic cards pass through the axial groove 103 one by one, and further, the arc-shaped shaft can realize unimpeded self-resetting under the action of gravity. In the process, each elastic clip 11 is scratched in from the outer end (top end in fig. 3) of the axial slot 103 and pushes the guide plate 104 to slide out from the inner end (bottom end in fig. 3) of the axial slot 103. After the resetting is finished, the arc-shaped shaft can be pushed once by the driving mechanism, so that the first elastic card 11 is guided into the first inclined sliding groove 105 and pushed out from the inclined surface side of the first ratchet 106, and the first elastic card is clamped in the valley between the first ratchet 106 and the second ratchet.

In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar rack, characterized in that: the solar cell panel deflection device comprises a fixed arc-shaped tube (3), an arc-shaped shaft (4) which is arranged in the arc-shaped tube (3) in a suspending manner, a driving mechanism for driving the arc-shaped shaft (4) to deflect, a locking mechanism for locking the deflected arc-shaped shaft (4) and a resetting mechanism for resetting the arc-shaped shaft (4), wherein the arc-shaped shaft (4) is suitable for supporting a solar cell panel (5) from the back; the locking mechanism includes: a row of convex elastic clamps (11) which are arranged on the surface of the arc-shaped shaft (4) along the axial direction and can be pressed in by external force and a rotary drum (10) which is arranged at the outer end of one end of the arc-shaped pipe (3) through a bearing and is provided with end surface ratchets (101), the elastic clamps (11) are clamped between the adjacent ratchets (101) to lock the rotating angle of the arc-shaped shaft (4), the inner wall of the rotary drum (10) is provided with oblique sliding chutes (102) which are corresponding to the ratchets (101) one by one and are suitable for pressing the elastic clamps (11) and guiding the elastic clamps (11) from one side of the inner end of the rotary drum to the outer side of the corresponding ratchets (101) at the outer end of the rotary drum (10), the valley between the two adjacent ratchets (101) and the projection of the inlet of the next oblique sliding chute (102) on the surface of the rotary drum (10) are positioned on the same generatrix of the rotary drum (10), and then when the arc-shaped shaft (4) is pushed by a driving mechanism, the next elastic card (11) drives the rotary drum (10) to rotate under the guiding action of the inclined sliding groove (102); the reset mechanism is an axial groove (103) which is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum (10), is connected with the bottom of the inclined plane of the last ratchet (101) in an axial through manner and is suitable for the elastic card (11) to pass through under the condition of no external force, and a guide plate (104) which is suitable for guiding the elastic card (11) into the first inclined sliding groove is arranged at the inner end of the axial groove (103).

2. The solar rack of claim 1, wherein: the arc shaft (4) is provided with a first magnet array (6), the arc tube (3) is provided with a second magnet array (7), and the magnetic poles of the magnets in the first magnet array (6) and the magnets in the second magnet array (7) are opposite in the same polarity, so that the arc shaft (4) is suspended in the arc tube (3).

3. The solar rack of claim 2, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a section of coil (8) wound on the surface of the arc-shaped shaft (4), and thrust is generated by a magnetic field generated by electrifying the coil (8) and a magnetic field of the magnet in the second magnet array (7), so that the arc-shaped shaft (4) is driven to deflect.

4. The solar rack of claim 3, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a power supply circuit for supplying power to the coil, the power supply circuit comprises a capacitor (C1), a direct-current power supply (V1) for charging the capacitor (C1), a silicon controlled rectifier (Q1) and an electromagnetic coil (L1) which are connected in series and then connected with the capacitor (C1) in parallel, a control loop for controlling the on-off of the silicon controlled rectifier (Q1) and a timing switch circuit arranged in the control loop, and the electromagnetic coil (L1) is a coil (8) wound on the surface of the arc-shaped shaft (4); the control loop comprises a battery (B1) and a first resistor (R1), and the negative electrode of the battery (B1) is connected with the control electrode of a thyristor (Q1); the timing switch circuit comprises a timer (U1), an electromagnetic relay (T1) and a triode (Q2), wherein the electromagnetic relay (T1) is connected between a power supply and the ground in series, the electromagnetic relay (T1) is provided with a normally open contact (T1 ') connected in the control circuit, the output port of the timer (U1) is connected with the base electrode of the triode (Q2) through a second resistor (R2), when the output port of the timer (U1) is at a high level, the triode (Q2) is conducted, the electromagnetic relay (T1) is electrified, the normally open contact (T1') of the electromagnetic relay is closed, the silicon controlled rectifier (Q1) is conducted, and the capacitor (C1) is discharged through the electromagnetic coil (L1); when the output port of the timer (U1) is at a low level, the triode (Q2) is cut off, the electromagnetic relay (T1) loses power, the normally open contact (T1') is disconnected, the silicon controlled rectifier (Q1) is cut off, and the direct current power supply (V1) continues to charge the capacitor (C1).

5. The solar rack of claim 2, wherein: the first magnet array (6) is arranged on the outer surface of the arc shaft (4), and the second magnet array (7) is arranged on the inner surface or the outer surface of the arc tube (3).

6. The solar rack of claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped pipe (3) is fixed on the base body through the support rod (2).

7. The solar rack of claim 1, wherein: the guide plate (104) is rotatably arranged at the inner end of the axial groove (103), and the guide plate (104) is kept at a guide state position by the elastic force of the elastic component.

8. The solar rack of claim 7, wherein: the elastic component is an elastic sheet or a coil spring.

9. The solar rack of claim 1, wherein: and a balancing weight (9) is arranged at one end close to the arc-shaped shaft (4).

10. The solar rack of claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped shaft (4) is arranged on one side of the central line of the solar cell panel (5).