CN110994186A - Four spine horn antennas of ultra wide band of adjustable back of body chamber diameter - Google Patents
Four spine horn antennas of ultra wide band of adjustable back of body chamber diameter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110994186A CN110994186A CN201911372239.0A CN201911372239A CN110994186A CN 110994186 A CN110994186 A CN 110994186A CN 201911372239 A CN201911372239 A CN 201911372239A CN 110994186 A CN110994186 A CN 110994186A
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- ridge
- waveguide
- back cavity
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- horn antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/12—Hollow waveguides
- H01P3/123—Hollow waveguides with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ultra wide band four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter, which comprises a horn, a ridge waveguide, a reflection back plate, a radio frequency connector, a pair of adjusting screws with adjustable intervals, wherein one end of the ridge waveguide is connected with the reflection back plate; and the pair of adjusting screws respectively penetrate into the reflecting back plate and then extend into a back cavity formed by the reflecting back plate and the ridge waveguide to be in short circuit contact with the pair of ridge sheets of the ridge waveguide. In order to avoid port difference caused by up-down dislocation of the two radio frequency connectors, the pair of adjusting screws are added at the bottom of the back cavity, so that the design difficulty of the ultra-wide band four-ridge horn antenna can be greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to an ultra wide band four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter.
Background art:
with the development of the times, the rapid development of technologies such as electronic countermeasure, electronic reconnaissance, simulation target simulation, broadband monopulse tracking and the like has become a necessary trend that the antenna requires the bandwidth to be increased and the polarization to be variable, and the antenna is required to be capable of transmitting and receiving radio wave signals in a wider frequency range in the fields. The horn antenna has the characteristics of high gain, stable directivity, simple structure, easiness in processing and the like, can be fully applied and developed in the field, and can be used as an independent antenna or a feed source under general conditions. However, since the working frequency band of the ordinary waveguide pyramid or cone horn antenna is constrained by the transmission waveguide, in order to enable the horn antenna to work in a wide frequency band, the ordinary horn antenna needs to be improved, and a ridge mode is generally adopted.
The ridged horn antenna can meet the requirement of a wide frequency band, and meanwhile, the four ridged horn antennas can meet the requirement of the use of a dual-polarized antenna, but when the dual-polarized four ridged horn antenna is used for feeding design, feeding probes of the antenna need to be mutually orthogonal and connected with ridged pieces corresponding to polarization. In order to avoid mutual interference of the feed probes, generally, the feed probes of the dual-polarized ridged horn antenna need to be staggered in height, which may result in a large difference in performance between two feed ports of the antenna, such as operating frequency bandwidth, directional characteristics, port matching and isolation, and the like. In order to solve the influence of the position difference of the feed ports on the performance of the four-ridge horn antenna, a short-circuit back cavity form with proper performance must be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultra wide band four-ridge horn antenna with an adjustable back cavity diameter, and solves the problem that the performance difference of two feed ports of the antenna is large due to the fact that feed probes of a dual-polarized ridged horn antenna need to be staggered in height.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter comprises a horn, a ridge waveguide, a reflecting back plate and a radio frequency connector, wherein one end of the ridge waveguide is connected with the reflecting back plate, and the ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna also comprises a pair of adjusting screws with adjustable intervals; and the pair of adjusting screws respectively penetrate into the reflecting back plate and then extend into a back cavity formed by the reflecting back plate and the ridge waveguide to be in short circuit contact with the pair of ridge sheets of the ridge waveguide.
Furthermore, the ridge waveguide comprises a waveguide and four ridge sheets, the waveguide is located at the small caliber of the horn, and the four ridge sheets are in a cross shape and are fixed on the inner wall of the horn and the inner surface of the waveguide through ridge sheet fastening screws respectively.
Furthermore, the radio frequency connectors are two, and the inner conductors of the two radio frequency connectors penetrate through the adjacent ridge pieces in an orthogonal and staggered manner, and are correspondingly connected into the opposite ridge pieces.
Furthermore, the adjusting screws are a pair, and the direction of the connecting line of the heads of the two adjusting screws is consistent with the inserting direction of the high-position side radio frequency connector with staggered heights.
Further, the radio frequency connectors are two 2.92mm connectors.
Furthermore, the height difference of the conductors in the two radio frequency connectors ranges from 0.5mm to 0.8 mm.
Furthermore, the distance d between the adjusting screws is adjusted within 0.3 lambdah～0.4λh，λhThe wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the highest working frequency of the antenna.
Furthermore, a wave absorbing material is adhered to the periphery of the inner wall of the back cavity close to the side of the reflecting back plate.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the dual-polarized four-ridge antenna horn consisting of the horn, the ridge waveguide, the reflecting back plate and the adjusting screw can obtain good impedance matching and port consistency in an ultra-wide frequency band.
2. Under the condition that the shape of the four-ridge conical horn and other sizes are fixed, the ultra-wideband antenna can obtain good impedance matching and port consistency in a very wide frequency range under the condition that the antenna can transmit and receive ultra-wideband radio waves through the adjustable screw spacing, and production and debugging can be carried out by adjusting the spacing of threaded holes in the short circuit back plate in actual batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a quad-ridged horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a partial enlarged sectional view of a four-ridged horn antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, taken along the ridged sheet (2b 1);
FIG. 3 is a partial enlarged cross-sectional view of a four-ridged horn antenna in the direction of a ridged sheet (2b2) according to an embodiment of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a four-ridge horn antenna short circuit backplane mounting flange according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement objects and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained below with the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, an ultra wide band four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter includes a horn 1 (which may be a conical horn), a ridge waveguide 2, a reflective back plate 3, a radio frequency connector 4, and an adjusting screw 6; the ridge waveguide 2 is connected with the reflection back plate 3, and the adjusting screw 6 penetrates through the reflection back plate 3 and then extends into a back cavity 5 formed by the reflection back plate and the ridge waveguide to be in short circuit contact with the bottom ends of a pair of ridge pieces in the excitation ridge waveguide 2;
the ridge waveguide 2 includes a waveguide 2a (which may be a circular waveguide) and four ridge pieces 2 b. Wherein, the waveguide 2a is positioned at the small caliber of the horn 1; the four ridge pieces 2b are respectively marked as a first ridge piece 2b1.1, a second ridge piece 2b1.2, a third ridge piece 2b2.1 and a fourth ridge piece 2b2.2, wherein the four ridge pieces 2b are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the loudspeaker 1 through ridge piece fastening screws 7; the first ridge piece 2b1.1 and the second ridge piece 2b1.2 on the inner wall of the circular waveguide 2a form a pair of ridge pieces 2b1, the third ridge piece 2b2.1 and the fourth ridge piece 2b2.2 on the inner wall of the circular waveguide 2a form a pair of ridge pieces 2b2, and the two pairs of ridge pieces 2b1 and 2b2 form orthogonal ridge pieces 2b in a cross shape;
the waveguide and the horn are sleeved outside each ridge piece 2b, and the four ridge pieces 2b are fixed on the inner surface of the waveguide 2a in a cross shape and extend to the caliber surface of the horn 1;
two radio frequency connectors 4 are arranged, and in order to enable the four-ridge horn antenna to have good matching performance in microwave and millimeter wave frequency bands, the radio frequency connectors 4 are 2.92mm connectors. The inner conductors of the two radio frequency connectors 4 penetrate through the adjacent ridge pieces 2b in an orthogonal and staggered manner respectively, and are correspondingly connected into the opposite ridge pieces 2b, so that the radiation characteristics in two orthogonal polarization directions are obtained. The two rf connectors 4 are respectively referred to as a high-side rf connector 4a and a low-side rf connector 4 b. As shown in fig. 2, the inner conductor of the high-side rf connector 4a passes through the feeding through hole with a diameter of 0.9mm reserved in the first ridge piece 2b1.1, and is inserted into the feeding hole with a diameter of 0.4mm reserved in the opposite second ridge piece 2b 1.1; as shown in fig. 3, the inner conductor of the low-side rf connector 4b passes through the feeding through hole with a reserved diameter of 0.9mm of the third ridge 2b2.1, and is inserted into the feeding hole with a reserved diameter of 0.4mm of the second ridge 2b 2.2; the height difference h1 between the inner conductor of the high-side rf connector 4a and the inner conductor of the low-side rf connector 4b is [0.5mm, 0.8mm ]. As shown in fig. 4, the connection line direction of the heads of the pair of adjusting screws 6 is the same as the insertion direction of the high-side rf connector 4a, and the adjusting screws 6 extend into the back cavity 5 and are screwed into the bottom ends of the corresponding pair of ridge pieces 2b1 respectively for fixation;
as shown in fig. 2 to 4, since the feeding positions of the high-side rf connector 4a and the low-side rf connector 4b have a height difference h1, when a signal is input from the rf connector of the antenna, the TE is excited in the waveguide 2a by the feeding probe of the rf connector11In the working mode, one part is transmitted to the horn mouth surface, the other part is transmitted to the back cavity 5, and the working mode is transmitted to the horn mouth surface after the back cavity is reflected and superposed. The two rf connectors 4a, 4b are at different distances from the reflective backplane 3, causing the impedance matching of the two rf connector ports to not be perfectly uniform. The standing wave of the high-position side radio frequency connector 4a at the low-frequency section port is lower, and the standing wave at the high-frequency section is higher, so that the working bandwidth of the port where the high-position side radio frequency connector 4a is located is restricted; the standing wave of the low-order side radio frequency connector 4b at the high-frequency band port is low, and the standing wave at the low-frequency band is high, which restricts the working bandwidth of the port where the low-order side radio frequency connector 4b is located. According to design experience, generally, the farthest distance h2 of the radio frequency connector 4a from the reflective back plate 3 is less than half of the minimum wavelength, and the value h2 ≈ 0.43 λ for the embodiment of the inventionh。
In order to improve the difference of the feeding ports and reduce the standing wave of the feeding ports, the circular adjusting back cavity 5 of the embodiment of the invention is used, and if the waveguide is circular, the back cavity is circular and is adjustedThe dorsal cavity replaces the commonly used circular or frustoconical cavity. In a four-ridge circular waveguide, the lower order mode is TE11、TE01、TE31Etc., wherein the master mode is TE11And (5) molding. In order to efficiently excite a signal, it is generally desirable that the antenna operate within the bandwidth of the primary mode, suppressing the generation and propagation of higher order modes, whereas for a four-ridge waveguide system, the lower order higher order modes tend to have cutoff frequencies close to the primary mode. According to the ridge waveguide theory, in combination with the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, by adjusting and optimizing the distance d between the adjusting screws 6, that is, changing the equivalent diameter of the circular adjusting back cavity 5, the higher order mode excited at a high frequency band by the feed probe of the high-side radio frequency connector 4a far from the back cavity can be suppressed. Therefore, the main mode excited by the feed probe of the radio frequency connector 4a far away from the back cavity can be well transmitted to the bell mouth surface; similarly, due to the existence of the adjusting screw 6, the adjusting screw spacing d can change the equivalent diameter of the circular adjusting back cavity 5, and can inhibit a higher-order mode of a lower order excited by a feed probe of the low-order side radio frequency connector 4b which is closer to the back cavity; the port diversity of the two rf connectors 4a, 4b can be significantly improved. The embodiment of the invention is designed with a circular adjusting back cavity 5, and the screw distance d of an adjusting screw 6 extending into a reflecting back plate 3 is adjusted through optimization, calculation and simulation, so that the inconsistency of port matching caused by the inconsistency of the height of a feed probe from the reflecting back plate 3 is weakened, the working frequency band of the four-ridge horn antenna is greatly widened, and the key effect on the optimization selection of ridge waveguide parameters is achieved. Through optimization calculation simulation, the adjusting range of the distance d between the adjusting screws can be 0.3 lambdah～0.4λh，λhThe wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the highest working frequency of the antenna.
As shown in fig. 2 to fig. 3, a high-performance wave-absorbing material 8 is adhered to the circular adjusting back cavity 5 near the reflective back plate 3 along the inner wall, the thickness is 1mm, the height is h3, the distance h2 between the feed probe and the reflective back plate can be shortened, and a gradient cavity is formed in the circular adjusting back cavity 5, so that the structural size of the whole antenna is reduced. The value range of the wave-absorbing material height h3 implemented by the invention is [0.5h2,0.85h2 ].
The back cavity design of the ridged horn antenna is the design key of the ultra wide band four-ridged horn antenna, and the back cavity is a short-circuit reflection cavity formed by a short-circuit back plate and a ridge waveguide; the ridge sheet in the ridge waveguide in a cross shape is fixed on the inner surface of the waveguide; the inner conductors of the two radio frequency connectors penetrate through the adjacent ridge pieces respectively and are correspondingly connected into the opposite ridge pieces. In order to avoid port difference caused by up-down dislocation of the two radio frequency connectors, the pair of adjusting screws are additionally arranged at the bottom of the back cavity, so that the design difficulty of the ultra-wide band four-ridge horn antenna can be greatly reduced.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (8)
1. An ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with an adjustable back cavity diameter comprises a horn (1), a ridge waveguide (2), a reflection back plate (3) and a radio frequency connector (4), wherein one end of the ridge waveguide (2) is connected with the reflection back plate (3), and the ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna is characterized by further comprising a pair of adjusting screws (6) with adjustable intervals; the pair of adjusting screws (6) respectively penetrate through the reflection back plate (3) and then extend into a back cavity (5) formed by the reflection back plate and the ridge waveguide to be in short-circuit contact with the pair of ridge pieces of the ridge waveguide (2).
2. The method for suppressing higher order modes of a quad-ridged horn antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance d between the back cavity adjusting screws of the antenna is adjusted within a range of 0.3 λh～0.4λh，λhThe wavelength is the free space wavelength corresponding to the highest working frequency of the antenna.
3. The ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter according to claim 1, wherein the ridge waveguide comprises a waveguide (2a) and four ridges (2b), the waveguide is located at the small caliber of the horn (1), and the four ridges (2b) are in a cross shape and are fixed on the inner wall of the horn (1) and the inner surface of the waveguide (2a) respectively through ridge fastening screws (7).
4. The ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with the adjustable back cavity diameter as claimed in claim 3, wherein there are two RF connectors (4), and the inner conductors of the two RF connectors (4) are respectively crossed orthogonally and staggered in height through the adjacent ridge (2b) and correspondingly connected to the opposite ridge (2 b).
5. The ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with the adjustable back cavity diameter according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting screws (6) are in a pair, and the connecting direction of the heads of the two adjusting screws is consistent with the inserting direction of the high-side radio frequency connector with staggered heights.
6. The ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter according to claim 1, wherein the radio frequency connectors (4) are two 2.92mm connectors.
7. The ultra-wideband four-ridge horn antenna with adjustable back cavity diameter according to claim 6, wherein the difference between the heights of the conductors in the two RF connectors is in the range of [0.5mm, 0.8mm ].
8. The ultra-wideband quad-ridge horn antenna with the adjustable back cavity diameter according to claim 1, characterized in that a wave-absorbing material (8) is adhered to the inner wall of the back cavity (5) close to the side of the reflecting back plate for one circle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911372239.0A CN110994186A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Four spine horn antennas of ultra wide band of adjustable back of body chamber diameter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911372239.0A CN110994186A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Four spine horn antennas of ultra wide band of adjustable back of body chamber diameter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110994186A true CN110994186A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201911372239.0A Pending CN110994186A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Four spine horn antennas of ultra wide band of adjustable back of body chamber diameter |
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| CN (1) | CN110994186A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886186A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 广东省蓝波湾智能科技有限公司 | Dual-polarized horn antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1125682A1 (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1984-11-23 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4493 | Four-ridge horn aerial |
| US6271799B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-07 | Harris Corporation | Antenna horn and associated methods |
| CN202871984U (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-04-10 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | 8 mm dual-polarized conical-horn antenna |
| CN105470651A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Dielectric-loaded based ultra wide band compact field feed source |
| CN108987925A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏肯立科技股份有限公司 | Double frequency circular waveguide quadruple ridged horn antenna |
| CN109524782A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-26 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | A kind of dual polarization conical-horn antenna |
| CN110034405A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 江苏肯立科技股份有限公司 | A kind of C-band broad beam pyramidal horn antenna |
-
2019
- 2019-12-27 CN CN201911372239.0A patent/CN110994186A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1125682A1 (en) * | 1981-10-30 | 1984-11-23 | Предприятие П/Я Г-4493 | Four-ridge horn aerial |
| US6271799B1 (en) * | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-07 | Harris Corporation | Antenna horn and associated methods |
| CN202871984U (en) * | 2012-10-29 | 2013-04-10 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | 8 mm dual-polarized conical-horn antenna |
| CN105470651A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-04-06 | 北京航空航天大学 | Dielectric-loaded based ultra wide band compact field feed source |
| CN108987925A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏肯立科技股份有限公司 | Double frequency circular waveguide quadruple ridged horn antenna |
| CN109524782A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-03-26 | 南京长峰航天电子科技有限公司 | A kind of dual polarization conical-horn antenna |
| CN110034405A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-19 | 江苏肯立科技股份有限公司 | A kind of C-band broad beam pyramidal horn antenna |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112886186A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 广东省蓝波湾智能科技有限公司 | Dual-polarized horn antenna |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |