CN110991013A - A Modeling Method for Simulating the Dynamic Process of Arc Combustion - Google Patents

A Modeling Method for Simulating the Dynamic Process of Arc Combustion Download PDF

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CN110991013A
CN110991013A CN201911126639.3A CN201911126639A CN110991013A CN 110991013 A CN110991013 A CN 110991013A CN 201911126639 A CN201911126639 A CN 201911126639A CN 110991013 A CN110991013 A CN 110991013A
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arc
stage
combustion
resistance
time
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杨晓滨
惠杰
冯迎春
雷鸣
任众楷
王子龙
师聪
衣俸君
陈培峰
李�浩
程宁
袁茂凯
刘通
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Maintenance Branch of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Maintenance Branch of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a modeling method for simulating an arc combustion dynamic process, which divides arc combustion into a pre-combustion arc stage, an arc stable combustion stage and an arc extinguishing stage, and takes a time-varying resistance module access circuit as a timing 0 point, a time period of 0-0.5 ms as a pre-combustion arc stage, a time period of 0.5-2.5 ms as an arc stable combustion stage, and a time period of 2.5-3 ms as an arc extinguishing stage. The modeling method for simulating the arc combustion dynamic process can more accurately simulate the dynamic change of the arc in the actual arc burning process, simplify the simulation modeling process of the arc, more accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of the arc in the actual arc burning process, and can be directly applied to the subsequent related fields of fault detection, protection and the like.

Description

Modeling method for simulating arc combustion dynamic process
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system protection and fault monitoring, in particular to a modeling method for simulating an arc combustion dynamic process.
Background
With the improvement of the power supply quality requirement of a power distribution network, the requirement of people on the voltage quality is higher and higher, and a circuit breaker in a branch circuit of an alternating current filter needs to frequently move to switch a capacitor bank. The circuit breaker breaks down again after switching the high-voltage capacitive circuit, so that the serious accident of explosion of the circuit breaker occurs frequently, and in order to avoid the generation of the serious accident, the high-frequency electric arc caused by the breakdown of the circuit breaker needs to be monitored in real time, so that the modeling of the combustion dynamic process of the real-time monitored high-frequency electric arc becomes the key of the technology; furthermore, the occurrence of faults inside the electrical equipment has an obvious development process, and the development process can be characterized by the dynamic characteristics of arc burning occurring when the faults occur so as to discover the faults inside the electrical equipment in an early stage.
At present, dynamic modeling of electric arcs is mainly divided into two categories, one category is electric arc models represented by classic Mayr models and Cassie models and expressed in a differential equation form, the physical essence of the electric arc models is that transient electric arc voltage (or power) and electric arc steady-state voltage (or power) are dynamically compared, the overall model precision is good, but modeling and building are complicated, the electric arc models are mainly suitable for time domain numerical simulation, and particularly cannot be directly applied to the fields of fault detection and protection and the like needing electric arc expressions.
The other type is an analytical modeling method represented by a sectional arc model and the like, but the existing analytical modeling methods all adopt a simpler sectional linearization modeling thought and cannot effectively represent the nonlinear characteristics of the arc model.
Therefore, how to accurately construct a model of an arc combustion dynamic process, effectively characterize the nonlinear characteristics of arc combustion, and make the nonlinear characteristics conform to the dynamic characteristics of an arc in the actual arc combustion process, so as to be directly applied to the related fields of subsequent fault detection and protection, and the like, is a problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a modeling method for simulating arc combustion dynamic process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a modeling method for simulating an arc combustion dynamic process divides arc combustion into a pre-combustion arc stage, an arc stable combustion stage and an arc blowout stage, a time-varying resistance module access circuit is taken as a timing 0 point, a 0-0.5 ms time period is a pre-combustion arc stage, a 0.5-2.5 ms time period is an arc stable combustion stage, and a 2.5-3 ms time period is an arc blowout stage.
Preferably, the arc resistance in the pre-arc stage is realized by a time-varying resistance, and the time-varying characteristic control function is as follows:
Figure BDA0002277050860000021
Figure BDA0002277050860000022
wherein R isp1For pre-arc stage arcA resistance; gpIs the arc instantaneous conductance; ii is the absolute value of the arc current; v. ofp15V/cm for each cm of arc gap, 200cm for the arc length, and 2.85 × 10 for α-5；ipThe current peak of the arc.
Preferably, the arc-stabilized burning stage is of low resistance characteristic, and the resistance value is kept constant.
Preferably, the resistance value during the arc-stabilized burning phase is 0.5 ohm.
Preferably, the resistance value of the time-varying resistor in the arc quenching stage is rapidly increased from 0.5 ohm until the arc is completely quenched and becomes infinite, and the time-varying characteristic control function of the arc in the arc quenching stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002277050860000023
wherein R isp2For arc resistance in the arc quenching stage, r0For steady-state stage arc resistance, R0τ is the time constant for the resistance before arcing.
Preferably, r0Is 0.5 ohm, R0Is 1012Ohm, τ ═ 1 ns.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the modeling method for simulating the arc combustion dynamic process is a method for simulating the arc combustion process based on the time-varying resistance module by combining the traditional time-varying resistance module building mode; the method comprises the steps that three time-varying resistance modules in three stages of arc combustion are equivalent to one time-varying resistance module to simulate the combustion process of the arc, and a time-varying resistance control module built by using a time-varying resistance function is used for simulating the dynamic arc combustion process of the arc;
the modeling method for simulating the arc combustion dynamic process can more accurately simulate the dynamic change of the arc in the actual arc burning process, simplify the simulation modeling process of the arc, more accurately describe the dynamic characteristics of the arc in the actual arc burning process, and can be directly applied to the subsequent related fields of fault detection, protection and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a modeling method for simulating an arc combustion dynamic process, which is realized by the following technical scheme:
a modeling method for simulating an arc combustion dynamic process divides arc combustion into a pre-combustion arc stage, an arc stable combustion stage and an arc blowout stage, a time-varying resistance module access circuit is taken as a timing 0 point, a 0-0.5 ms time period is a pre-combustion arc stage, a 0.5-2.5 ms time period is an arc stable combustion stage, and a 2.5-3 ms time period is an arc blowout stage.
(1) The arc resistance of the pre-arcing stage is realized by adopting a time-varying resistor, and the time-varying characteristic control function of the time-varying resistor is as follows:
Figure BDA0002277050860000031
Figure BDA0002277050860000032
wherein R isp1Is an arc resistance in a pre-burning arc stage; gpIs the arc instantaneous conductance; ii is the absolute value of the arc current; v. ofp15V/cm for each cm of arc gap, 200cm for the arc length, and 2.85 × 10 for α-5；ipA current peak of the arc;
(2) the arc stable combustion stage is of low resistance characteristic, and the resistance value is kept unchanged; the resistance value in the stable arc combustion stage is 0.5 ohm;
(3) the resistance value of the time-varying resistor in the arc extinguishing stage is rapidly increased from 0.5 ohm until the arc is completely extinguished and the resistance value is changed into infinity, and the time-varying characteristic control function of the arc in the arc extinguishing stage is as follows:
Figure BDA0002277050860000033
wherein R isp2For arc resistance in the arc quenching stage, r0For steady-state stage arc resistance, R0Is resistance before arcing, tau is a time constant, where r0Preferably 05 ohm, R0Preferably 1012Ohm, τ is preferably 1 ns.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
And (3) establishing an arc model based on simulation software, and simulating the dynamic change process of three stages during arc combustion by using a time-varying resistor in the established dynamic arc model. Before the arc fault does not occur at the fault point, the time-varying resistance element is not connected into the circuit, and the time-varying resistance is immediately connected into the circuit when the arc fault occurs, wherein the time is counted as 0 point of arc time and 3ms of arc time. Wherein, the pre-burning stage control function controls the change of the resistance value of the time-varying resistor within the burning time of 0-0.5 ms; the resistance value of the time-varying resistor is controlled by the parameters of the steady state stage within the arcing time of 0.5-2.5 ms; controlling the change of the resistance value of the time-varying resistor by the control function in the arc extinguishing stage within 2.5-3 ms of arc burning time; the varistor is disconnected from the circuit until the arcing time t becomes 3ms, and the arc is completely extinguished. The whole process of the time-varying resistor from connection to disconnection realizes the modeling of the dynamic process of the arc burning.
An arc dynamic model is built based on electromagnetic transient simulation software, arc current obtained by the built arc dynamic model is shown in the following table 1, and arc voltage values are shown in the following table 2. The total simulation time length is set to be 0.5s, the fault occurs in 0.2484s, and the arcing time length is set to be 3 ms. The pre-arcing stage is 0.5ms, the steady-state stage is 2ms, the arc extinguishing stage is 0.5ms, and the sampling frequency f of the model is 104Hz。
TABLE 1 electric arc current value during electric internal fault arcing process
Time t(s) Current value (kA) Time t(s) Current value (kA) Time t(s) Current value (kA)
0.2484 0.0017 0.2495 -2.617 0.2506 2.8244
0.2485 8.92 0.2496 -5.4201 0.2507 3.5677
0.2486 -0.223 0.2497 1.035 0.2508 -1.506
0.2487 -8.644 0.2498 3.551 0.2509 -3.192
0.2488 -0.67 0.2499 0.847 0.251 0.3929
0.2489 6.936 0.25 -3.75 0.2511 1.5693
0.249 3.811 0.2501 -1.8329 0.2512 0.0855
0.2491 -4.068 0.2502 4.5263 0.2513 -1.5011
0.2492 -3.652 0.2503 2.638 0.2514 0
0.2493 2.789 0.2504 -4.556
0.2494 5.2005 0.2505 -3.426
TABLE 2 electric arc voltage values during arcing of electric internal faults
Time t(s) Voltage value (kA) Time t(s) Voltage value (kA) Time t(s) Voltage value (kA)
0.2484 571.459 0.2495 -3.6794 0.2506 3.5633
0.2485 7.8841 0.2496 -7.6571 0.2507 6.2276
0.2486 -0.6012 0.2497 1.1634 0.2508 -3.1635
0.2487 -7.6964 0.2498 7.1554 0.2509 -5.9724
0.2488 -1.5369 0.2499 0.4635 0.251 2.1238
0.2489 5.2274 0.25 -6.7522 0.2511 9.6891
0.249 2.8513 0.2501 -2.5631 0.2512 0.6322
0.2491 -6.9916 0.2502 7.3542 0.2513 -2.9542
0.2492 -5.0734 0.2503 3.6313 0.2514 0
0.2493 4.9552 0.2504 -5.9342
0.2494 7.4866 0.2505 -4.1364

Claims (6)

1.一种模拟电弧燃烧动态过程的建模方法，其特征在于：将电弧燃烧分为预燃弧阶段、电弧稳定燃烧阶段和熄弧阶段，以时变电阻模块接入电路为计时0点，0～0.5ms时段为预燃弧阶段，0.5ms～2.5ms时段为电弧稳定燃烧阶段，2.5ms～3ms时段为熄弧阶段。1. a modeling method of simulating the dynamic process of arc combustion, it is characterized in that: arc combustion is divided into pre-arc stage, arc stable combustion stage and arc extinguishing stage, with time-varying resistance module access circuit as timing 0 o'clock, The period of 0-0.5ms is the pre-arc stage, the period of 0.5ms-2.5ms is the stable arc combustion stage, and the period of 2.5ms-3ms is the arc-extinguishing stage. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种模拟电弧燃烧动态过程的建模方法，其特征在于：预燃弧阶段的电弧电阻采用时变电阻实现，其时变特征控制函数为：2. the modeling method of a kind of simulation arc combustion dynamic process according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the arc resistance of pre-arc stage adopts time-varying resistance to realize, and its time-varying characteristic control function is:
Figure FDA0002277050850000011
Figure FDA0002277050850000011
Figure FDA0002277050850000012
Figure FDA0002277050850000012
 其中，Rp1为预燃弧阶段电弧电阻；gp为电弧瞬时电导；|i|是电弧电流的绝对值；vp为弧隙每厘米压降，为15V/cm；l为电弧长度为200cm；α为比例系数，为2.85×10-5；ip电弧的电流峰值。Among them, R p1 is the arc resistance in the pre-arcing stage; g p is the instantaneous conductance of the arc; |i| is the absolute value of the arc current; v p is the voltage drop per centimeter of the arc gap, which is 15V/cm; l is the arc length of 200cm ; α is the proportional coefficient, which is 2.85 ×10 -5 ; ip current peak value of the arc. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种模拟电弧燃烧动态过程的建模方法，其特征在于：电弧稳定燃烧阶段为低电阻特性，并且阻值保持不变。3 . The modeling method for simulating the dynamic process of arc combustion according to claim 1 , wherein the stable combustion stage of the arc is characterized by low resistance, and the resistance value remains unchanged. 4 . 4.根据权利要求3所述的一种模拟电弧燃烧动态过程的建模方法，其特征在于：电弧稳定燃烧阶段的电阻值为0.5欧姆。4 . The modeling method for simulating the dynamic process of arc combustion according to claim 3 , wherein the resistance value of the arc stable combustion stage is 0.5 ohms. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种模拟电弧燃烧动态过程的建模方法，其特征在于：熄弧阶段的时变电阻阻值由0.5欧姆迅速上升，直至电弧彻底熄灭阻值变为无穷大，熄弧阶段电弧的时变特征控制函数为：5. the modeling method of a kind of simulation arc combustion dynamic process according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the time-varying resistance resistance value of the arc extinguishing stage rises rapidly by 0.5 ohm, until the electric arc extinguishes the resistance value and becomes infinite, The time-varying characteristic control function of the arc in the arc extinguishing stage is:
Figure FDA0002277050850000013
Figure FDA0002277050850000013
 其中，Rp2为熄弧阶段电弧电阻，r0为稳态阶段电弧电阻，R0为燃弧前的电阻，τ为时间常数。Among them, R p2 is the arc resistance in the arc extinguishing stage, r 0 is the arc resistance in the steady state stage, R 0 is the resistance before the arcing, and τ is the time constant. 6.根据权利要求5所述的一种模拟电弧燃烧动态过程的建模方法，其特征在于：r0为0.5欧姆，R0为1012欧姆，τ＝1ns。6 . The modeling method for simulating the dynamic process of arc combustion according to claim 5 , wherein r 0 is 0.5 ohms, R 0 is 10 12 ohms, and τ=1 ns. 7 .
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