CN110987292A - Automatic calibrating device and method for torque wrench - Google Patents
Automatic calibrating device and method for torque wrench Download PDFInfo
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- CN110987292A CN110987292A CN201911257382.5A CN201911257382A CN110987292A CN 110987292 A CN110987292 A CN 110987292A CN 201911257382 A CN201911257382 A CN 201911257382A CN 110987292 A CN110987292 A CN 110987292A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L25/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency
- G01L25/003—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring force, torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency for measuring torque
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic calibrating device and a calibrating method for a torque wrench, wherein the device comprises a standard torque meter, an image acquisition device and a control and display integrated machine; the image acquisition device is used for acquiring instrument images of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter in real time and sending the instrument images to the control and display integrated machine, an automatic verification software system is loaded in the control and display integrated machine, the automatic verification software system processes image information and identifies the indicating values of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter, and then the relative error, the repeatability and the relative resolution of the indicating values of the two indicating values are calculated. The invention relates to an automatic calibrating device and a calibrating method for a torque wrench, which realize automatic instrument identification in the torque wrench calibrating process and improve the detection precision and efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metering test, in particular to an automatic calibrating device and a calibrating method for a torque wrench.
Background
The torque wrench is a tightening measuring device with a torque measuring mechanism, is applied in large scale in the industries of equipment processing and assembling, equipment maintenance and the like, and has accuracy requirements. Generally, an operator uses a torque wrench which can control torque and display the torque to ensure normal use of mechanical equipment. The torque wrench is a metering tool which needs to be calibrated regularly, the working strength of calibrating personnel for calibrating the torque wrench is gradually increased along with the increase of the number of the torque wrenches, and the automation degree of the current calibration process is low.
The torque wrench calibrator is used for calibrating various manual torque wrenches, and the existing torque wrench calibrating equipment is basically a manual torque wrench calibrator, and most of the structure of the torque wrench calibrator is a torque measuring mechanism consisting of a torque sensor and a display instrument, and a force application mechanism consisting of a workbench and an applied torque force. The working principle is that a wrench head of the torque wrench is coaxially connected with a torque bearing body or a coupling of the torque meter in series, the torque bearing body or the coupling is twisted to generate a torsion angle under the action of the force application mechanism, the torsion angle is transmitted to the torque wrench and the torque measurement mechanism, and a torque value is displayed on the torque measurement mechanism. For example, patent CN205262672U discloses a "manual torque wrench calibrator" which includes a test table with a standard torque sensor, a force-measuring assembly, and a loading assembly. When checking, the hand wheel is shaken by manpower to drive the loading assembly to rotate, the torque is applied to the torque wrench to be checked, and the torque value is collected and recorded by the standard torque meter. Patent CN103837299A discloses "an automatic detection system and detection method for torque wrench", which uses an electrical control system to drive a servo motor to apply torque to an actuating mechanism, and replaces the traditional manual loading mode, thereby improving certain efficiency.
However, during the existing certification device and method, the reading of the meter, such as the indication of the standard torque meter and the measured torque wrench, is mainly performed by manual reading. When manual reading is adopted, data are read from each instrument panel and recorded, and the data are manually input into a computer, so that the workload is very large, errors are easy to occur, the working efficiency is low, and the accuracy is difficult to guarantee.
The tested torque wrench usually has no data output interface and cannot be directly connected with a computer, even if some torque wrenches with special data interfaces are provided, due to the difference of communication protocols, the torque wrenches need to be connected with each interface hardware and programmed according to different communication protocols, and are a work with huge workload, and it is difficult to rapidly form a test system connected with the computer by instruments with different performances and with or without digital output interfaces.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic calibrating device and a calibrating method for a torque wrench, which are used for realizing automatic instrument identification in the calibrating process of the torque wrench.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an automatic calibrating device for a torque wrench, which comprises a standard torque meter, an image acquisition device and a control and display integrated machine; the image acquisition device is used for acquiring instrument images of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter in real time and sending the instrument images to the control and display integrated machine, an automatic verification software system is loaded in the control and display integrated machine, the automatic verification software system processes image information and identifies the indicating values of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter, and then the relative error, the repeatability and the relative resolution of the indicating values of the two indicating values are calculated.
The automatic calibrating device for the torque wrench comprises an image acquisition device and a standard torque instrument, wherein the image acquisition device comprises a first industrial camera system and a second industrial camera system, the first industrial camera system is used for acquiring images of the torque wrench instrument, and the second industrial camera system is used for acquiring images of the standard torque instrument.
The automatic calibrating device for the torque wrench is characterized in that the torque wrench is a pointer type torque wrench or a digital type torque wrench.
The invention provides another technical scheme which is an automatic calibrating method of a torque wrench, comprising the following steps:
1) the image acquisition device acquires instrument images of the torque wrench to be verified and the standard torque meter in real time and sends the instrument images to the control and display integrated machine;
2) the control display integrated machine processes the acquired images and identifies the indicating values of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torque meter;
2-1) preprocessing the acquired image information to highlight effective information;
2-2) carrying out edge detection on the image information;
2-3) extracting the characteristics of the image information;
2-4) identifying instrument indication values in the image information;
3) the control and display integrated machine calculates the relative error, repeatability and relative resolution of the indicating values of the two instruments and analyzes the verification result.
In the automatic calibrating method for the torque wrench, in the step 2-1), the gray processing algorithm is adopted to convert the color image into the gray image, the improved IMF filtering algorithm is adopted to filter out system and environmental noise, and the image corrosion and expansion method is adopted to remove invalid information in the image so as to highlight the valid information.
The automatic verification method for the torque wrench, wherein in the step 2-2), all edge contours in the image are obtained by using a Canny edge detection method.
In the automatic calibrating method for the torque wrench, in the step 2-3), for the digital instrument, a structural feature method based on digital form is adopted to extract 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by the instrument; for the pointer instrument, a global or local statistical characteristic method is adopted to extract the pointer and the scale mark on the meter.
In the automatic calibrating method for the torque wrench, in the step 2-4), for the digital instrument, a neural network method is adopted to train and identify 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by the instrument, and after identification is finished, a torque value is spliced; for the pointer instrument, a scale disc of the instrument is extracted by a Hough transform algorithm, the circle center of the disc is a pointer rotation center, the radius of the scale disc is determined to be the pointer rotation radius, and the pointer indication value is calculated by an angle method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention utilizes the machine vision technology, adopts the image acquisition, processing and identification method to replace the traditional human eye identification method to identify the indicating values of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter, eliminates the subjective error caused by the manual observation method, and improves the detection precision and efficiency; the automatic identification and verification method can also be applied to automatic identification of other digital and pointer instruments.
Drawings
The automatic calibrating device and the calibrating method for the torque wrench of the invention are provided by the following embodiments and the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic calibrating apparatus for a torque wrench according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of image acquisition according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the torque wrench installation loading according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart illustrating image recognition by the automatic verification software according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a method for calibrating a torque wrench according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of image acquisition according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The automatic calibrating apparatus and the calibrating method for the torque wrench according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the automatic calibrating apparatus for a torque wrench of the present embodiment includes a workbench, a force application mechanism 2, a control and display integrated machine 4, a standard torque meter 5, a coupling 6, a sliding mechanism, a wrench holder, and an image acquisition apparatus 10;
the workbench comprises an under-desk cabinet 1 and a workbench surface 3 arranged on the under-desk cabinet 1; the under-table cabinet 1 is used for placing a control system, a force application mechanism 2 and an execution mechanism;
the control and display integrated machine 4 is arranged on the working table top 3 by adopting a mounting bracket;
the standard torque meter comprises a torque sensor 8 and a precise secondary meter 5, the precise secondary meter 5 is connected with the torque sensor 8 through a cable, and the precise secondary meter 5 is arranged on the working table top 3 through a mounting bracket; the torque sensor 8 is arranged on the working table top 3;
the sliding mechanism comprises a fixed guide rail 901 and a sliding block 902, the fixed guide rail 901 is arranged on the working table top 3, and the sliding block 902 is connected with the fixed guide rail 901 in a sliding manner;
the wrench support is H-shaped and comprises two support rods 903 and an adjustable baffle 904, two ends of the adjustable baffle 904 are movably connected with the two support rods 903 respectively, the wrench support is installed on the sliding block 902, and the sliding block 902 moves on the fixed guide rail 901 along the length direction of the fixed guide rail to drive the wrench support to move;
as shown in fig. 2, the image capturing device 10 includes a first industrial camera system 101 and a second industrial camera system 102, the first industrial camera system 101 is used for capturing an image of a dial 702 of a pointer type torque wrench 701 (detected object), and the second industrial camera system 102 is used for capturing an image of a digital display screen of the precision secondary meter 5;
the standard torquemeter 5, the sliding mechanism, the wrench bracket and the image acquisition device 10 are all arranged on the working table surface 3 of the working table; the force applying mechanism 2 is arranged in an under-table cabinet 1 of the workbench; a first industrial camera system 101 and a second industrial camera system 102 are arranged on the work table 3 through mounting brackets; the first industrial camera system 101 and the second industrial camera system 102 are both connected with the control and display all-in-one machine 4 through network cables;
as shown in fig. 3, a wrench head of the pointer torque wrench 701 is coaxially connected in series with the coupling 6, the other end of the pointer torque wrench 701 is placed on an adjustable baffle 904 of the wrench support, and the position of the adjustable baffle 904 relative to the support rod 903 is adjusted, so that the pointer torque wrench 701 is kept in a horizontal state;
the coupling 6 is arranged on a torque sensor 8, the force application mechanism 2 applies torque to the coupling 6 through an execution mechanism, the torque sensor 8 is used for measuring the torque and transmitting the torque to the precise secondary instrument 5, and the torque is displayed by the precise secondary instrument 5; the control system controls the force application mechanism 2 to apply torque step by step according to the torque value of the verification point, in the loading process, the pointer type torque wrench 701 can rotate in the horizontal plane by taking a wrench head as a rotation center, and is blocked by the support rod 903 in the rotating process, the torque value is displayed by a dial plate of the pointer type torque wrench 701, and the torque value is theoretically equal to the measured value of the torque sensor 8;
the control and display integrated machine 4 is provided with an automatic verification software system; the first industrial camera system 101 obtains images of a dial plate of the pointer type torque wrench 701 in real time and sends the images to the control and display integrated machine 4, the second industrial camera system 102 obtains images of a digital display screen of the precision secondary instrument 5 in real time and sends the images to the control and display integrated machine 4, and the automatic verification software system automatically identifies the reading of the dial plate and the data displayed by the digital display screen through image processing.
Preferably, the standard torquemeter range covers 5Nm to 3000 Nm. The precise secondary instrument is an LCD or LED digital display instrument.
In the automated certification software system, the torque wrench display type is selected: pointer type, standard torque meter display type: and (4) a digital expression. The measuring range, the detection point and the sampling frame rate of the pointer type torque wrench 701 are set.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the automated verification software system is started, and the image processing method includes the following steps:
step one, collecting image information
Starting the first industrial camera system 101 and the second industrial camera system 102, synchronously triggering and collecting images of a dial 702 of the pointer type torque wrench 701 and images of a digital display screen of the precision secondary instrument 5, and uploading the images to the control display integrated machine 4;
step two, preprocessing the collected image information
Firstly, converting a color image into a gray image by adopting a gray processing algorithm, filtering system and environmental noise by adopting an improved IMF filtering algorithm, and removing invalid information in the image by adopting an image corrosion and expansion method to highlight valid information;
step three, carrying out edge detection on the image information
Obtaining all edge contours in the image by using a Canny edge detection method;
step four, extracting the characteristics of the image information
Extracting 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed on a digital display screen of the precise secondary instrument 5 by adopting a structural feature method based on digital morphology;
meanwhile, a global or local statistical characteristic method is adopted to extract a pointer and scale marks on a dial 702 of the pointer type torque wrench 701;
step five, identifying the instrument indication value in the image information
Training and identifying 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by a digital display screen of the precise secondary instrument 5 by adopting a neural network method, and splicing the digits and the decimal points into a torque value after identification is finished;
meanwhile, a Hough transformation algorithm is adopted to extract a scale disc of a dial 702 of the pointer type torque wrench 701, the circle center of the disc is the rotation center of the pointer, the radius of the scale disc is determined to be the rotation radius of the pointer, and the indication value of the pointer is calculated by an angle method
The reading of the dial 702 can be found, M being equal to the range of the meter under test.
After the indication values of the pointer type torque wrench 701 and the standard torque meter are obtained by the control and display integrated machine 4, the indication value relative error, the indication value repeatability and the indication value relative resolution of the pointer type torque wrench 701 and the standard torque meter are calculated, and the verification result is analyzed.
The verification result analysis comprises the generation of an original record and a verification certificate. The automatic verification software system automatically generates an original record table and a verification certificate/verification result notice according to a table form recommended by JJJG 707-2014 Torque wrench verification regulations.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that the object to be detected is the digital torque wrench 703 in the present embodiment.
Referring to fig. 6, the first industrial camera system collects images of the digital display screen of the digital torque wrench 703 in real time and sends the images to the control and display all-in-one machine 4.
In the automated certification software system, the torque wrench display type is selected: digital, standard torque meter display type: and (4) a digital expression. The digital torque wrench 703 range, the setpoint, and the sampling frame rate are set.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the automated verification software system is started, and the image processing method includes the following steps:
step one, collecting image information
Starting a first industrial camera system 101 and a second industrial camera system 102, synchronously triggering and acquiring images of a digital display screen of a digital torque wrench 703 and images of a digital display screen of a precision secondary instrument 5, and uploading the images to a control display integrated machine 4;
step two, preprocessing the collected image information
Firstly, converting a color image into a gray image by adopting a gray processing algorithm, filtering system and environmental noise by adopting an improved IMF filtering algorithm, and removing invalid information in the image by adopting an image corrosion and expansion method to highlight valid information;
step three, carrying out edge detection on the image information
Obtaining all edge contours in the image by using a Canny edge detection method;
step four, extracting the characteristics of the image information
Extracting 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by a digital display screen of the digital torque wrench 703 and the precise secondary instrument 5 by adopting a structural feature method based on digital form;
step five, identifying the instrument indication value in the image information
And training and identifying 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by the digital torque wrench 703 and the digital display screen of the precision secondary instrument 5 by adopting a neural network method, and splicing the digits and the decimal points into a torque value after identification is finished.
After the indication values of the digital torque wrench 703 and the standard torque meter 5 are obtained by the control and display integrated machine 4, the relative error, the repeatability and the relative resolution of the indication values are calculated, and the verification result is analyzed.
Claims (9)
1. The automatic calibrating device for the torque wrench comprises a standard torque meter and is characterized by further comprising an image acquisition device and a control and display integrated machine; the image acquisition device is used for acquiring instrument images of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter in real time and sending the instrument images to the control and display integrated machine, an automatic verification software system is loaded in the control and display integrated machine, the automatic verification software system processes image information and identifies the indicating values of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torquemeter, and then the relative error, the repeatability and the relative resolution of the indicating values of the two indicating values are calculated.
2. The automatic torque wrench verification device according to claim 1, wherein the image capture device comprises a first industrial camera system for capturing images of the torque wrench meter and a second industrial camera system for capturing images of the standard torque meter.
3. The automatic calibrating device for the torque wrench as claimed in claim 1, wherein the torque wrench is a pointer type torque wrench or a digital type torque wrench.
4. The automatic verification method of the torque wrench is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the image acquisition device acquires instrument images of the torque wrench to be verified and the standard torque meter in real time and sends the instrument images to the control and display integrated machine;
2) the control display integrated machine processes the acquired images and identifies the indicating values of the torque wrench to be detected and the standard torque meter;
2-1) preprocessing the acquired image information to highlight effective information;
2-2) carrying out edge detection on the image information;
2-3) extracting the characteristics of the image information;
2-4) identifying instrument indication values in the image information;
3) the control and display integrated machine calculates the relative error, repeatability and relative resolution of the indicating values of the two instruments and analyzes the verification result.
5. The automatic calibration method for the torque wrench as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 2-1), a gray processing algorithm is used to convert the color image into a gray image, an improved IMF filtering algorithm is used to filter out system and environmental noise, and an image corrosion and expansion method is used to remove invalid information in the image and highlight valid information.
6. The automatic verification method for torque wrenches according to claim 4, wherein in step 2-2), all edge contours in the image are obtained using Canny edge detection.
7. The automatic verification method for the torque wrench as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 2-3), for a digital instrument, a structural feature method based on digital form is adopted to extract 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by the instrument; for the pointer instrument, a global or local statistical characteristic method is adopted to extract the pointer and the scale mark on the meter.
8. The automatic verification method for the torque wrench as claimed in claim 4, wherein in the step 2-4), for the digital instrument, a neural network method is adopted to train and identify 0-9 digits and decimal points displayed by the instrument, and after identification is finished, the digits and the decimal points are spliced into a torque value; for the pointer instrument, a scale disc of the instrument is extracted by a Hough transform algorithm, the circle center of the disc is a pointer rotation center, the radius of the scale disc is determined to be the pointer rotation radius, and the pointer indication value is calculated by an angle method.
9. The automatic verification method for the torque wrench as claimed in claim 8, wherein in step 3), the verification result analysis comprises original record and verification certificate generation; and the control and display integrated machine automatically generates an original record table and a certificate/verification result notice according to a table form recommended by JJJG 707-2014 Torque wrench verification rules.
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| CN201911257382.5A CN110987292A (en) | 2019-12-10 | 2019-12-10 | Automatic calibrating device and method for torque wrench |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112518652A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-19 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Assembly line static torque detection method and system |
| CN112633291A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-09 | 上海精密计量测试研究所 | Automatic calibrating device and calibrating method for pressure instrument |
| CN113640531A (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2021-11-12 | 宁波市计量测试研究院(宁波新材料检验检测中心) | Alcohol detector metrological verification method capable of recording measurement results through photographing |
| CN114264407A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-01 | 江南大学 | Method for detecting measurement accuracy of pointer type pressure gauge, computer medium and computer |
| CN114279627A (en) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-04-05 | 陕西航空电气有限责任公司 | Synchronous metering instrument |
| WO2024045121A1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-07 | Apex Brands, Inc. | A torque tester for verifying multiple electronic torque wrenches |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113640531B (en) * | 2021-07-26 | 2024-01-12 | 宁波市计量测试研究院(宁波新材料检验检测中心) | Metering verification method for alcohol detector by photographing and recording measurement results |
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| CN114264407B (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2023-03-14 | 江南大学 | Method for detecting measurement accuracy of pointer type pressure gauge, computer medium and computer |
| WO2024045121A1 (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2024-03-07 | Apex Brands, Inc. | A torque tester for verifying multiple electronic torque wrenches |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |