CN107084698B - Rail vehicle wheel detection system and detection method - Google Patents
Rail vehicle wheel detection system and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107084698B CN107084698B CN201710284129.3A CN201710284129A CN107084698B CN 107084698 B CN107084698 B CN 107084698B CN 201710284129 A CN201710284129 A CN 201710284129A CN 107084698 B CN107084698 B CN 107084698B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
Abstract
The invention provides a rail vehicle wheel detection system and a detection method, wherein the detection system comprises a detection device and a control device, the detection device comprises a mounting part for driving a wheel to be detected to rotate, a first sensing element for detecting first position information of the wheel to be detected and a second sensing element for detecting second position information of the wheel to be detected, the control device generates contour surface information of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information, and the contour surface information is compared with standard information to judge whether the wheel to be detected has defects. The invention collects the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected through the probe, and the collected result can accurately reflect the actual wheel contour, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rail vehicle detection technology, in particular to a rail vehicle wheel detection system and a rail vehicle wheel detection method.
Background
The wheel of the rail train is one of main parts of the rail train, the service life of the wheel of the rail train is longer than that of other parts of the rail train, and the wheel of the rail train can be generally used continuously when the train reaches the service life, so that the wheel of the rail train can be reasonably recycled, and the manufacturing cost of the whole rail train can be reduced.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rail vehicle wheel detection system in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, the rail vehicle wheel detection system in the prior art mainly includes an illumination light source, a CCD imaging device and a data processing terminal, and a specific detection method thereof is as follows: the method comprises the steps of placing a wheel to be detected under an illumination light source, utilizing a CCD imaging device to collect images of the wheel to be detected, installing an image collection card containing image information in a data processing terminal after the images are collected to read the data, finally comparing the read image information with standard image information in the data processing terminal, and judging whether the wheel to be detected can be recycled.
However, in the prior art, the rail vehicle wheel detection method only depends on an image comparison mode for detection, so that the quality requirement on the image acquired by the CCD imaging device is high, and in actual operation, an error often exists between the actual image and the image of the image acquired by the CCD imaging device under the influence of illumination and a shooting angle, so that the final image information and the actual wheel to be detected have a large difference, and the detection result is not accurate enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a rail vehicle wheel detecting system and a detecting method thereof, so as to solve the problem of inaccurate detecting result in the prior art.
The invention provides a rail vehicle wheel detection system, comprising:
the detection device is in communication connection with the control device;
the detection device includes:
the mounting piece is used for mounting a wheel to be tested and driving the wheel to be tested to rotate, and a central shaft of the wheel to be tested is vertically arranged;
the first sensing element comprises a first probe, a first driving device and a first sensor, wherein the first probe is used for being in contact with the end face of the wheel to be detected, the first driving device is used for driving the first probe to move in the vertical direction, the first probe moves in a reciprocating mode with time T as a period, and the first sensor is used for collecting first position information of the first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected;
the second sensing element comprises a second probe, a second driving device and a second sensor, wherein the second probe is used for being in contact with the side face of the wheel of the vehicle to be detected, the second driving device is used for driving the second probe to move along a bus of the wheel to be detected, the second probe reciprocates with time T as a period, and the second sensor is used for acquiring second position information of the second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected;
the control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information which are collected in the T time period, and constructs the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected according to the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the first T time period and the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the Nth T time period in sequence; and N is a natural number.
In the above rail vehicle wheel detecting system, preferably, the first sensor and the second sensor are both position sensors, the first position information and the second position information are coordinate position information of all points acquired by the probe in a T period, the coordinate position information includes X coordinate information, Y coordinate information and Z coordinate information, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are two coordinates perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane, and the Z coordinate is a vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the first sensing element is internally provided with a third sensor, the second sensing element is internally provided with a fourth sensor, the third sensor and the fourth sensor are pressure sensors, the third sensor is connected with the first probe and is used for detecting the friction force and the positive pressure of the end face of the wheel to be detected, the fourth sensor is connected with the second probe and is used for detecting the friction force and the positive pressure of the side face of the wheel to be detected, and the control device can calculate the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected according to the friction force and the positive pressure.
The rail vehicle wheel detecting system as described above, preferably, the detecting device further includes a quality detecting device for measuring the quality of the wheel to be detected.
In the above-described rail vehicle wheel inspection system, it is preferable that the inspection device further includes a flaw detection device for performing an internal flaw detection on the wheel to be inspected.
The invention also provides a rail vehicle wheel detection method based on the system, which comprises the following steps:
a sensing element of a first sensor collects first position information of a first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the first probe is in contact with the surface of the wheel to be detected, and the first probe is driven by a first driving device to reciprocate along the vertical direction with time T as a period;
a sensing element of a second sensor acquires second position information of a second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the second probe is in contact with the surface of the wheel to be detected, and the second probe reciprocates along a bus of the wheel to be detected by taking time T as a period under the driving of a second driving device;
the control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be tested according to the first position information and the second position information which are collected in the T time period, and constructs the contour surface information of the wheel to be tested according to the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the first T time period and the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the Nth T time period in sequence;
comparing the contour surface information with standard information in the control device, and judging whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not; if the numerical value of the contour surface information is within the numerical value range of the standard information, determining that the wheel to be tested can be reused; and if the numerical value of the contour surface information is outside the numerical value range of the standard information, judging that the wheel to be measured cannot be reused.
In the rail vehicle wheel detecting system, preferably, the first position information and the second position information are coordinate position information of all points acquired by the probe in a T period, the coordinate position information includes X coordinate information, Y coordinate information and Z coordinate information, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are two coordinates perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane, and the Z coordinate is a vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
The rail vehicle wheel detection system as described above preferably further includes: detecting first force parameter information when the first probe passes through the end face of the wheel to be detected through a third sensor connected with the first probe, and detecting second force parameter information when the second probe passes through the side face of the wheel to be detected through a fourth sensor connected with the second probe;
the control device respectively generates a first friction coefficient and a second friction coefficient according to the first mechanical parameter information and the second mechanical parameter information, the first friction coefficient is in one-to-one correspondence with the first position information, and the second friction coefficient is in one-to-one correspondence with the second position information;
respectively comparing the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected with a standard surface friction coefficient prestored in the control device, wherein when the numerical values of the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient are within the numerical value range of the standard surface friction coefficient, the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected is qualified; and when the values of the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient are out of the value range of the standard surface friction coefficient, the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be measured is unqualified.
The rail vehicle wheel detection system as described above preferably further includes:
placing the wheel to be detected on a weight detection device to obtain the weight of the wheel to be detected; comparing the weight with a standard weight in the control device, and when the weight of the wheel to be measured is within the range of the standard weight, the weight of the wheel to be measured is qualified; and when the weight of the wheel to be measured is outside the range of the standard weight, the weight of the wheel to be measured is unqualified.
The rail vehicle wheel detection system as described above preferably further includes a flaw detection device for detecting flaws in the wheel to be measured to determine whether a flaw exists in the wheel to be measured.
The invention provides a rail vehicle wheel detection system and a detection method, wherein a sensing element of a first sensor is used for acquiring first position information of a first probe in the rotation process of a wheel to be detected, a sensing element of a second sensor is used for acquiring second position information of a second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the first position information and the second position information acquired in a T time period are integrated in a control device to generate an end surface vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected, N end surface vertical track lines and N wheel side track lines are combined in sequence to construct profile information of the wheel to be detected, and then the profile information is compared with standard profile information to judge whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not. The invention collects the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected through the probe, and the collected result can accurately reflect the actual wheel contour, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art rail vehicle wheel inspection system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rail vehicle wheel inspection system according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the detecting device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a rail vehicle wheel detection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example one
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the wheel inspection system of the rail vehicle according to the present embodiment; referring to fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a rail vehicle wheel detecting system, including:
the detection device is in communication connection with the control device;
the detection device comprises:
the mounting piece is used for mounting the wheel to be tested and driving the wheel to be tested to rotate, and the central shaft of the wheel to be tested is vertically arranged;
the first sensing element comprises a first probe, a first driving device and a first sensor, wherein the first probe is used for being in contact with the end face of the wheel to be measured, the first driving device is used for driving the first probe to move in the vertical direction, the first probe reciprocates with the time T as a period, and the first sensor is used for collecting first position information of the first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be measured;
the second sensing element comprises a second probe, a second driving device and a second sensor, wherein the second probe is used for being in contact with the side face of the wheel to be detected, the second driving device is used for driving the second probe to move along a bus of the wheel to be detected, the second probe reciprocates with the time T as a period, and the second sensor is used for collecting second position information of the second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected;
the control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information which are collected in the T time period, and sequentially combines the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated from the first T time period to the Nth T time period to construct the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected; n is a natural number.
Specifically, the mounting member includes a mounting platform capable of placing the wheel to be tested, the mounting platform can rotate or a rotatable platform is additionally arranged on the mounting platform, and the wheel to be tested is placed on the rotatable platform; a clamping device for clamping the wheel to be tested is also arranged on the mounting platform, so that the wheel to be tested cannot fly out of the platform when rotating along with the mounting platform, and the safety of testing personnel is ensured; the mounting part also comprises a driving motor for driving the mounting platform to rotate, and the driving motor is in communication connection with the control device so as to adjust the rotating speed of the driving motor according to needs.
The first sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform or may be disposed outside of the mounting platform. As a specific embodiment, the first sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform, and the first sensing element includes a first sensor, the first sensor is provided with a housing, and the housing is sleeved on a vertical axis perpendicular to the mounting platform and can move up and down along the vertical axis; the shell of the first sensor is also provided with a first probe, and the first probe is in communication connection with the first sensor so as to transmit the detected surface data of the wheel to be detected to the first sensor; the first sensor is also connected with a first driving device, preferably, the device is a stepping motor, and the stepping motor can be fixedly arranged on the vertical shaft; the first sensor and the first driving device are in communication connection with the control device so as to control the movement of the first sensor and timely transmit detected data to the control device. In actual detection, a detection period may be preset, and the time T of the detection period may be set as needed, which is not limited in this embodiment, and the first position information is a set of position information of the end surface of the wheel to be detected, which is collected at all time nodes in the period.
The second sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform or may be disposed outside of the mounting platform. As a specific implementation manner, the second sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform, the second sensing element includes a second sensor, the second sensor is provided with a housing, and the housing is sleeved on a horizontal shaft parallel to the mounting platform and can move left and right along the horizontal shaft; a shell of the second sensor is also provided with a second probe, and the second probe is in communication connection with the second sensor so as to transmit the detected surface data of the wheel to be detected to the second sensor; the second sensor is also connected with a second driving device, preferably, the device is a stepping motor, and the stepping motor can be fixedly arranged on the transverse shaft; the second sensor and the second driving device are in communication connection with the control device so as to control the movement of the second sensor and transmit detected data to the control device in time. In actual detection, a detection period may be preset, and the time T of the detection period may be set as needed, and is ensured to be the same as the detection period of the first sensing element, so that the two synchronously move.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the detecting device of the present invention; referring to fig. 3, further, the detection apparatus of this embodiment may be configured as the structure shown in fig. 3, and the detection apparatus in this embodiment includes a frame 1, a through hole for the rotating shaft 2 to pass through is formed in the frame 1, one end of the rotating shaft 2 is connected to the output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the mounting platform 3, so as to drive the mounting platform 3 to rotate in the horizontal direction; the frame 1 is also provided with a clamping device for clamping the wheel 4 to be measured; the clamping device comprises a fixing rod 11 and a chuck 12, the fixing rod 11 is vertically arranged on the rack 1, the chuck is connected with the fixing rod through a universal joint 13, and the universal joint 13 can rotate around the fixing rod 11 to drive the turn-over of the wheel to be tested. The waste wheel detection device is characterized in that a first sensing element and a second sensing element are arranged on the rack 1, the first sensing element comprises a first detection shaft 5, the first detection shaft 5 is perpendicular to the surface of the rack 1, a first sensor 6 is sleeved on the first detection shaft 5, a first probe 7 is arranged on a shell of the first sensor, and the first sensor 6 can move along the first detection shaft 5 to detect the vertical surface of the waste wheel 4; the second sensing element comprises a second detection shaft 8 arranged at the upper end of the first detection shaft 5, the second detection shaft 8 is parallel to the surface of the rack 1, a second sensor 9 is sleeved on the second detection shaft 8, the second sensor 9 is provided with a second probe 10, and the second probe 10 can move along the second detection shaft 8 to detect the side face of the waste wheel; the first sensor 6, the second sensor 9 and the driving motor are all in communication connection with the control device to control the movement of each detection element and receive detection data.
Of course, the specific implementation of the detecting device in this embodiment is not limited thereto, and a person skilled in the art may set any suitable detecting device to detect the wheel to be detected as needed, as long as the principle of the detecting device is the same as that of the present application, and the detecting device and the wheel to be detected fall within the scope of the present application.
And when the wheel to be detected is detected, the control device receives the detection electric signal fed back by the sensor at any time and restores the electric signal into a digital signal in the control device. The control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information acquired in the T time period, and constructs the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected according to the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line generated in the first T time period and the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line generated in the Nth T time period in sequence; wherein N is a natural number.
After the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected is generated, the information can be compared with standard contour surface information prestored in the control device (wherein, both the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected and the standard contour surface information can be numerical information), whether the contour of the wheel to be detected has defects is judged, and the specific comparison mode can be as follows: comparing the profile surface information of the wheel to be detected with the standard profile surface information one by one, marking if a certain position of the profile surface information of the wheel to be detected is inconsistent with the standard profile surface information, and further judging the marked profile surface information of the wheel to be detected after the comparison is finished, wherein the judgment standard in the embodiment can be as follows: if the numerical value of the marked position is larger than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a bulge; if the numerical value of the marked position is smaller than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a recess; if the marked position has no number of values, the surface of the marked position is judged to have cracks.
In the rail vehicle wheel detection system of this embodiment, the sensing element of the first sensor acquires first position information of the first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the sensing element of the second sensor acquires second position information of the second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, and the first position information and the second position information acquired in the T time period are integrated in the control device to generate the end surface vertical track line and the wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected, the N end surface vertical track lines and the wheel side track lines are sequentially combined to construct profile information of the wheel to be detected, and then the profile information is compared with standard profile information to determine whether the wheel to be detected can be reused. The invention collects the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected through the probe, and the collected result can accurately reflect the actual contour of the wheel, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.
Further, the first sensor and the second sensor are both position sensors, the first position information and the second position information are a set of coordinate position information of all points acquired by the probe in a T time period, the coordinate position information comprises X coordinate information, Y coordinate information and Z coordinate information, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are two mutually perpendicular coordinates in a horizontal plane, and a Z-direction coordinate is a vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected generated in the control device is three-dimensional graphic information, and the corresponding standard contour surface information is also three-dimensional graphic information, and the position and the type of the defect can be more intuitively reflected by using three-dimensional graphic comparison, and the specific detection method may be: the three-dimensional graph of the wheel to be detected and the three-dimensional graph of the standard wheel are overlapped (even if the central axes of the three-dimensional graph and the three-dimensional graph of the standard wheel are overlapped), and if a certain position on the three-dimensional graph of the wheel to be detected is not overlapped with the three-dimensional graph of the standard wheel, the system automatically marks the position, so that the defect type at the moment can be intuitively reflected to be concave or convex on the three-dimensional graph. It can be seen that the reaction of the defect is more intuitive in this way.
Because the friction coefficient of the surface of the material is difficult to directly react through images, on the basis of the above embodiment, a third sensor can be arranged in the first sensing element, a fourth sensor is also arranged in the second sensing element, the third sensor and the fourth sensor are both pressure sensors, the third sensor is connected with the first probe and is used for detecting the friction force and the positive pressure of the end face of the wheel to be detected, the fourth sensor is connected with the second probe and is used for detecting the friction force and the positive pressure of the side face of the wheel to be detected, the control device calculates the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected according to the friction force and the positive pressure, and the surface friction coefficient is equal to the quotient of the friction force and the positive pressure. The friction coefficient of the surface of the wheel to be detected corresponds to the position information (namely the first position information and the second position information) one by one, so that the defect position is searched by the square edge. The control device also stores the standard friction coefficient of the wheel surface, and the standard friction coefficient are compared to judge whether the wheel surface to be detected has galling or not.
Furthermore, the detection device also comprises a quality detection device for measuring the quality of the wheel to be detected, the quality detection device can be a weighing instrument such as an electronic scale, the quality detection device is in communication connection with the control device to compare the quality information of the wheel to be detected with the standard quality information in the control device, if the detected quality is within the standard quality range, the quality of the wheel to be detected meets the requirement, otherwise, the quality of the wheel to be detected does not meet the requirement.
More further, above-mentioned detection device still includes the device of detecting a flaw that is used for carrying out inside flaw detection to the wheel that awaits measuring, and the device of detecting a flaw can be ultrasonic inspection device or ray detection device (like X ray inspection device), and the device of detecting a flaw can detect the internal defect of wheel that awaits measuring, and the device of detecting a flaw is connected with controlling means communication, can transmit the image of detecting a flaw to controlling means in real time with detecting a flaw, and the image of detecting a flaw can be clear show whether there is a defect in the inside of wheel that awaits measuring.
The surface profile, the surface friction coefficient, the quality and the internal defects of the wheel to be detected are comprehensively detected, and whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not is judged according to the comprehensive detection result, so that the detection result is more accurate and reliable.
Example two
Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a rail vehicle wheel detection method according to an embodiment, please refer to fig. 4, the embodiment provides a rail vehicle wheel detection method implemented based on a detection apparatus according to the first embodiment, the method includes:
a sensing element of a first sensor collects first position information of a first probe in the rotation process of a wheel to be detected, the first probe is in contact with the surface of the wheel to be detected, and the first probe is driven by a first driving device to reciprocate along the vertical direction by taking time T as a period;
a sensing element of the second sensor acquires second position information of a second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the second probe is in contact with the surface of the wheel to be detected, and the second probe reciprocates along a bus of the wheel to be detected by taking time T as a period under the driving of a second driving device;
the control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information which are collected in the T time period, and sequentially combines the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated from the first T time period to the Nth T time period to construct the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected;
comparing the contour surface information with standard information in a control device, and judging whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not; if the numerical value of the contour surface information is within the numerical value range of the standard information, determining that the wheel to be detected can be reused; and if the numerical value of the contour surface information is out of the numerical value range of the standard information, judging that the wheel to be measured cannot be reused.
Specifically, the wheel to be tested is arranged on the mounting platform, the central shaft of the wheel to be tested is vertically arranged, the wheel to be tested keeps a rotating state during detection, and a clamping device for clamping the wheel to be tested is further arranged on the mounting platform, so that the wheel to be tested cannot fly out of the platform when rotating along with the mounting platform, and the safety of testing personnel is ensured; the mounting part also comprises a driving motor for driving the mounting platform to rotate, and the driving motor is in communication connection with the control device so as to adjust the rotating speed of the driving motor according to needs.
The first sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform or may be disposed outside of the mounting platform. As a specific embodiment, the first sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform, and the first sensing element includes a first sensor, the first sensor is provided with a housing, and the housing is sleeved on a vertical axis perpendicular to the mounting platform and can move up and down along the vertical axis; the shell of the first sensor is also provided with a first probe, and the first probe is in communication connection with the first sensor so as to transmit the detected surface data of the wheel to be detected to the first sensor; the first sensor is also connected with a first driving device, preferably, the device is a stepping motor, and the stepping motor can be fixedly arranged on the vertical shaft; the first sensor and the first driving device are in communication connection with the control device so as to control the movement of the first sensor and timely transmit detected data to the control device. In actual detection, a detection period may be preset, and the time T of the detection period may be set as needed, which is not limited in this embodiment, and the first position information is a set of position information of the end surface of the wheel to be detected, which is collected at all time nodes in the period.
The second sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform or may be disposed outside of the mounting platform. As a specific implementation manner, the second sensing element may be disposed on the mounting platform, the second sensing element includes a second sensor, the second sensor is provided with a housing, and the housing is sleeved on a horizontal shaft parallel to the mounting platform and can move left and right along the horizontal shaft; a shell of the second sensor is also provided with a second probe, and the second probe is in communication connection with the second sensor so as to transmit the detected surface data of the wheel to be detected to the second sensor; the second sensor is also connected with a second driving device, preferably, the device is a stepping motor, and the stepping motor can be fixedly arranged on the transverse shaft; the second sensor and the second driving device are in communication connection with the control device so as to control the movement of the second sensor and transmit detected data to the control device in time. In actual detection, a detection period may be preset, and the time T of the detection period may be set as needed, and is ensured to be the same as the detection period of the first sensing element, so that the two synchronously move.
The control device receives the detection electric signal fed back by the sensor at any time and restores the electric signal into a digital signal in the control device. The control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information acquired in the T time period, and constructs the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected according to the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line generated in the first T time period and the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line generated in the Nth T time period in sequence; wherein N is a natural number.
After the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected is generated, the information can be compared with standard contour surface information prestored in the control device (wherein, both the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected and the standard contour surface information can be numerical information), whether the contour of the wheel to be detected has defects is judged, and the specific comparison mode can be as follows: comparing the profile surface information of the wheel to be detected with the standard profile surface information one by one, marking if a certain position of the profile surface information of the wheel to be detected is inconsistent with the standard profile surface information, and further judging the marked profile surface information of the wheel to be detected after the comparison is finished, wherein the judgment standard in the embodiment can be as follows: if the numerical value of the marked position is larger than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a bulge; if the numerical value of the marked position is smaller than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a recess; if the marked position has no number of values, the surface of the marked position is judged to have cracks.
In the rail vehicle wheel detection method of the embodiment, the sensing element of the first sensor acquires first position information of the first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the sensing element of the second sensor acquires second position information of the second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the first position information and the second position information acquired in the T time period are integrated in the control device to generate the end surface vertical track line and the wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected, the N end surface vertical track lines and the wheel side track lines are sequentially combined to construct profile information of the wheel to be detected, and then the profile information is compared with standard profile information to judge whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not. The invention collects the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected through the probe, and the collected result can accurately reflect the actual contour of the wheel, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result.
Further, the first position information and the second position information are coordinate position information of all points acquired by the probe in a T time period, the coordinate position information comprises X coordinate information, Y coordinate information and Z coordinate information, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are two coordinates which are perpendicular to each other in a horizontal plane, and the Z coordinate is a vertical coordinate which is perpendicular to the horizontal plane. In this embodiment, the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected generated in the control device is three-dimensional graphic information, and the corresponding standard contour surface information is also three-dimensional graphic information, and the position and the type of the defect can be more intuitively reflected by using three-dimensional graphic comparison, and the specific detection method may be: the three-dimensional graph of the wheel to be measured and the three-dimensional graph of the standard wheel are overlapped (even if the central axes of the three-dimensional graph and the three-dimensional graph of the standard wheel are overlapped), and if a certain position on the three-dimensional graph of the wheel to be measured is not overlapped with the three-dimensional graph of the standard wheel, the system automatically marks the position, so that the defect type at the moment can be intuitively reflected to be concave on the surface or convex on the surface on the three-dimensional graph. It can be seen that the reaction of the defect is more intuitive in this way.
On the basis of the embodiment, the first force parameter information of the first probe passing through the end face of the wheel to be detected is detected by the third sensor connected with the first probe, and the second force parameter information of the second probe passing through the side face of the wheel to be detected is detected by the fourth sensor connected with the second probe; the first mechanical parameter information and the second mechanical parameter information at least comprise surface friction force information and positive pressure information;
the control device respectively generates a first friction coefficient and a second friction coefficient according to the first mechanical parameter information and the second mechanical parameter information, namely, the surface friction coefficient is obtained by calculating the quotient of the surface friction force and the positive pressure. The first friction coefficient corresponds to the first position information one by one, and the second friction coefficient corresponds to the second position information one by one;
respectively comparing the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient of the wheel to be tested with a standard surface friction coefficient prestored in the control device, and when the numerical values of the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient are within the numerical value range of the standard surface friction coefficient, the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be tested is qualified; and when the values of the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient are out of the value range of the standard surface friction coefficient, the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected is unqualified, namely the surface of the wheel to be detected has galling phenomenon.
Further, the method comprises the steps of placing the wheel to be detected on a weight detection device to obtain the weight of the wheel to be detected; comparing the weight with standard weight information in the control device, and when the weight of the wheel to be measured is within the range of the standard weight, the weight of the wheel to be measured is qualified; and when the weight of the wheel to be measured is out of the standard weight range, the weight of the wheel to be measured is unqualified.
Further, the method also comprises the step of detecting the flaw of the interior of the wheel to be detected by using a flaw detection device (such as an ultrasonic flaw detection device or a ray detection device), wherein a flaw detection image can clearly display whether the interior of the wheel to be detected has the defect or not.
The surface profile, the surface friction coefficient, the quality and the internal defects of the wheel to be detected are comprehensively detected, and whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not is judged according to the comprehensive detection result, so that the detection result is more accurate and reliable.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A rail vehicle wheel inspection system, comprising:
the detection device is in communication connection with the control device;
the detection device includes:
the mounting piece is used for mounting a wheel to be tested and driving the wheel to be tested to rotate, and a central shaft of the wheel to be tested is vertically arranged;
the first sensing element comprises a first probe, a first driving device and a first sensor, wherein the first probe is used for being in contact with the end face of the wheel to be detected, the first driving device is used for driving the first probe to move in the vertical direction, the first probe moves in a reciprocating mode with time T as a period, and the first sensor is used for collecting first position information of the first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected;
the second sensing element comprises a second probe, a second driving device and a second sensor, wherein the second probe is used for being in contact with the side face of the wheel of the vehicle to be detected, the second driving device is used for driving the second probe to move along a bus of the wheel to be detected, the second probe reciprocates with time T as a period, and the second sensor is used for acquiring second position information of the second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected;
the control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be detected according to the first position information and the second position information which are collected in the T time period, and constructs the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected according to the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the first T time period and the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the Nth T time period in sequence; the N is a natural number;
the wheel detection system is used for comparing the contour surface information with standard information in the control device and judging whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not; if the numerical value of the contour surface information is within the numerical value range of the standard information, determining that the wheel to be tested can be reused; if the numerical value of the contour surface information is outside the numerical value range of the standard information, determining that the wheel to be tested cannot be reused;
the wheel detection system is also used for comparing the contour surface information with standard information in the control device and judging whether the contour of the wheel to be detected has defects, and the specific comparison mode is as follows: comparing the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected with the standard contour surface information one by one, marking if a certain position of the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected is inconsistent with the standard contour surface information, further judging the marked contour surface information of the wheel to be detected after the comparison is finished, wherein the judgment standard is as follows: if the numerical value of the marked position is larger than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a bulge; if the numerical value of the marked position is smaller than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a recess; if the marked position has no number of values, judging that the surface of the marked position has cracks;
the first sensor and the second sensor are both position sensors, the first position information and the second position information are coordinate position information of all points acquired by the probe in a T time period, the coordinate position information comprises X coordinate information, Y coordinate information and Z coordinate information, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are two mutually perpendicular coordinates in a horizontal plane, and the Z coordinate is a vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane;
the first sensing element is internally provided with a third sensor, the second sensing element is internally provided with a fourth sensor, the third sensor and the fourth sensor are both pressure sensors, the third sensor is connected with the first probe and is used for detecting the friction force and the positive pressure of the end surface of the wheel to be detected, the fourth sensor is connected with the second probe and is used for detecting the friction force and the positive pressure of the side surface of the wheel to be detected, and the control device can calculate the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected according to the friction force and the positive pressure;
the control device generates a first friction coefficient according to the friction force and the positive pressure of the end face of the wheel to be detected, the control device generates a second friction coefficient according to the friction force and the positive pressure of the side face of the wheel to be detected, the first friction coefficient is in one-to-one correspondence with the first position information, and the second friction coefficient is in one-to-one correspondence with the second position information; the control device is also internally stored with a standard friction coefficient of the surface of the wheel, and the wheel detection system is also used for comparing the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient with the standard friction coefficient so as to judge whether galling exists on the surface of the wheel to be detected;
the detection device also comprises a quality detection device for measuring the quality of the wheel to be detected;
the detection device also comprises a flaw detection device for carrying out internal flaw detection on the wheel to be detected.
2. A rail vehicle wheel inspection method based on the system of claim 1, comprising:
a sensing element of a first sensor collects first position information of a first probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the first probe is in contact with the surface of the wheel to be detected, and the first probe is driven by a first driving device to reciprocate along the vertical direction with time T as a period;
a sensing element of a second sensor acquires second position information of a second probe in the rotation process of the wheel to be detected, the second probe is in contact with the surface of the wheel to be detected, and the second probe reciprocates along a bus of the wheel to be detected by taking time T as a period under the driving of a second driving device;
the control device respectively generates an end face vertical track line and a wheel side track line of the wheel to be tested according to the first position information and the second position information which are collected in the T time period, and constructs the contour surface information of the wheel to be tested according to the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the first T time period and the end face vertical track line and the wheel side track line which are generated in the Nth T time period in sequence;
comparing the contour surface information with standard information in the control device, and judging whether the wheel to be detected can be reused or not; if the numerical value of the contour surface information is within the numerical value range of the standard information, determining that the wheel to be tested can be reused; if the numerical value of the contour surface information is outside the numerical value range of the standard information, determining that the wheel to be tested cannot be reused;
and comparing the contour surface information with standard information in the control device to judge whether the contour of the wheel to be detected has defects, wherein the specific comparison mode is as follows: comparing the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected with the standard contour surface information one by one, marking if a certain position of the contour surface information of the wheel to be detected is inconsistent with the standard contour surface information, further judging the marked contour surface information of the wheel to be detected after the comparison is finished, wherein the judgment standard is as follows: if the numerical value of the marked position is larger than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a bulge; if the numerical value of the marked position is smaller than the numerical value of the corresponding standard contour surface information, judging that the surface of the marked position has a recess; if the marked position has no number of values, judging that the surface of the marked position has cracks;
the first position information and the second position information are coordinate position information of all points acquired by the probe in a T time period, the coordinate position information comprises X coordinate information, Y coordinate information and Z coordinate information, the X coordinate and the Y coordinate are two mutually perpendicular coordinates in a horizontal plane, and the Z coordinate is a vertical coordinate perpendicular to the horizontal plane;
further comprising: detecting first force parameter information when the first probe passes through the end face of the wheel to be detected through a third sensor connected with the first probe, and detecting second force parameter information when the second probe passes through the side face of the wheel to be detected through a fourth sensor connected with the second probe;
the control device respectively generates a first friction coefficient and a second friction coefficient according to the first mechanical parameter information and the second mechanical parameter information, the first friction coefficient is in one-to-one correspondence with the first position information, and the second friction coefficient is in one-to-one correspondence with the second position information; the control device is also internally stored with a standard friction coefficient of the surface of the wheel, and the first friction coefficient, the second friction coefficient and the standard friction coefficient are compared to judge whether galling exists on the surface of the wheel to be detected;
respectively comparing the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected with a standard surface friction coefficient prestored in the control device, wherein when the numerical values of the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient are within the numerical value range of the standard surface friction coefficient, the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be detected is qualified; when the values of the first friction coefficient and the second friction coefficient are out of the value range of the standard surface friction coefficient, the surface friction coefficient of the wheel to be measured is unqualified;
further comprising: placing the wheel to be detected on a weight detection device to obtain the weight of the wheel to be detected; comparing the weight with a standard weight in the control device, and when the weight of the wheel to be measured is within the range of the standard weight, the weight of the wheel to be measured is qualified; when the weight of the wheel to be measured is outside the range of the standard weight, the weight of the wheel to be measured is unqualified;
and detecting the flaw of the interior of the wheel to be detected by using a flaw detection device so as to judge whether the interior of the wheel to be detected has a defect.
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