CN110987259A - Measuring system and measuring method for measuring static torque based on magnetic focusing - Google Patents
Measuring system and measuring method for measuring static torque based on magnetic focusing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110987259A CN110987259A CN201911337594.4A CN201911337594A CN110987259A CN 110987259 A CN110987259 A CN 110987259A CN 201911337594 A CN201911337594 A CN 201911337594A CN 110987259 A CN110987259 A CN 110987259A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/02—Rotary-transmission dynamometers
- G01L3/04—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft
- G01L3/10—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating
- G01L3/101—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means
- G01L3/105—Rotary-transmission dynamometers wherein the torque-transmitting element comprises a torsionally-flexible shaft involving electric or magnetic means for indicating involving magnetic or electromagnetic means involving inductive means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring system and a measuring method for measuring static torque based on a magnetic focusing mode. Static torque sensor includes the axis of rotation, first magnetic conductance unit and second magnetic conductance unit, first magnetic conductance unit includes excitation device A and receiving coil A, excitation device A includes a magnetic guidance device A and a set of excitation coil A, receiving coil A is cup jointed to the one end outside of axis of rotation, three magnetic guidance device A of receiving coil A's outer end equipartition, every magnetic guidance device A sets up a set of excitation coil A outward, three excitation coil A dustcoat has housing A-1 and housing A-2, housing A-1 and housing A-2 cooperate and use and form an annular housing A, second magnetic conductance unit is the same with first magnetic conductance unit structure. The rotating shaft receives the starting signal and starts to start to the actual rotating stage, and the torque of the system resistance and other frictional resistance which needs to be overcome in the process can be measured by the sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of static torque measurement; in particular to a measuring system and a measuring method thereof based on a magnetic focusing type measuring static torque.
Background
Existing sensors are not based on static torque measurements under magnetic focusing. The signal transmission of the existing sensor is transmitted by wire bundles, and the requirement on the installation position of the sensor is strict.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that based on the measurement of static torque in a magnetic focusing mode, when a rotating shaft receives a starting signal and starts to an actual rotating stage, the torque of system resistance and other frictional resistance required to be overcome in the process of starting to the actual rotating stage can be measured by the sensor (the rotating shaft is in a static state in the period).
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a measuring system for measuring static torque based on a magnetic focusing mode comprises a rotating shaft 1, a first magnetic conductive unit and a second magnetic conductive unit, wherein the first magnetic conductive unit comprises an exciting device A and a receiving coil A4, the exciting device A comprises a magnetic guiding device A8 and a group of exciting coils A2, one end of the rotating shaft 1 is externally sleeved with the receiving coil A4, three magnetic guiding devices A8 are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the receiving coil A4, a group of exciting coils A2 are arranged outside each magnetic guiding device A8, three exciting coils A2 are externally covered with a cover A-15-1 and a cover A-25-2, and the cover A-15-1 and the cover A-25-2 are matched to form an annular cover A;
the second magnetic conduction unit comprises an excitation device B and a receiving coil B6, the excitation device B comprises a magnetic guide device B3 and a group of excitation coils B9, the receiving coil B6 is sleeved outside the other end of the rotating shaft 1, three magnetic guide devices B3 are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the receiving coil B6, a group of excitation coils B9 are arranged outside each magnetic guide device B3, an enclosure B-17-1 and an enclosure B-27-2 are covered outside the three excitation coils B9, and the enclosure B-17-1 and the enclosure B-27-2 are matched to form an annular enclosure B;
the receiving coil a4 comprises four groups of receiving coils, each group of receiving coils comprises a plurality of coils, a first group of coils 1.1 represents a coil number 1 which finally forms a receiving coil a4, a second group of coils 2.1 finally forms a coil number 2 of a receiving coil a4, a third group of coils 3.1 finally forms a coil number 3 of a receiving coil a4, a fourth group of coils 4.1 finally forms a coil number 4 of a receiving coil a4, a first group of coils 1.5 represents a coil number 5 which finally forms a receiving coil a4, a second group of coils 2.5 finally forms a coil number 6 of a receiving coil a4, a third group of coils 3.5 finally forms a coil number 7 of a receiving coil a4, a fourth group of coils 4.5 finally forms a coil number 8 of a receiving coil a4, a first group of coils 1.9 represents a coil number 9 which finally forms a receiving coil a4, a second group of coils 2.9 finally forms a coil number 10 of a receiving coil a4, a third group of coils 3.9 finally forms a receiving coil number 4, coil 4.9 of the fourth set eventually forms coil number 12 of receive coil a4, and so on;
1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 of the first group of coils are vacant, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 of the second group of coils are vacant, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 of the third group of coils are vacant, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 of the fourth group of coils are vacant, 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8 of the first group of coils are vacant, 2.6, 2.7 and 2.8 of the second group of coils are vacant, 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8 of the third group of coils are vacant, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 of the fourth group of coils are vacant, and so on, the number of receiving coils of each group on the receiving coils is finally set according to the radius of the rotating shaft 1.
Furthermore, each magnetic guiding device A8 is spaced from the rotating shaft 1 by a certain distance, the excitation coil a2 is arranged on the flexible circuit board 13, the flexible circuit board 13 is attached to the inner surface of the annular housing a, the magnetic guiding device A8 is connected with the annular housing a through the bracket a10, the upper end of the magnetic guiding device A8 is in a circular open-mouthed shape, the lower end of the magnetic guiding device A8 is a magnetic outlet, and the magnetic outlet is in a thin line shape;
each magnetic guide device B3 is spaced from the rotating shaft 1 by a certain distance, the excitation coil B9 is arranged on the flexible circuit board 15, the flexible circuit board 15 is attached to the inner surface of the annular housing B, the magnetic guide device B3 is connected with the annular housing B through a bracket B14, the upper end of the magnetic guide device B3 is in a circular open-mouthed shape, the lower end of the magnetic guide device B3 is provided with a magnetic outlet, and the magnetic outlet is in a thin line shape.
Further, a magnetic guide device A8 and a flexible circuit board containing an excitation coil are arranged on the inner sides of the casing A-15-1 and the casing A-25-2, a handle A-111-1 and a handle A-211-2 are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the casing A-15-1 and the casing A-25-2, a stator processing circuit is arranged in the handle A-111-1 and the handle A-211-2, and holes are formed in the handle A-111-1 and the handle A-211-2 to lead out lead wires;
the inner structures of the casing B-17-1 and the casing B-27-2 are the same as those of the casing A-15-1 and the casing A-25-2.
Further, the receiving coil a4 and the receiving coil B6 have the same structure, the receiving coil a4 is composed of a plurality of rectangular receiving coils, the length and width of each receiving rectangular coil of the sensor are m and n, respectively, the length of the focusing line is equal to the width of the receiving rectangular coil, and S is equal to m · n.
A measurement method based on a measurement system for measuring static torque in a magnetic focusing manner as described above, the measurement method comprising the steps of:
step 1: presetting the three excitation devices A at corresponding positions, wherein one excitation device corresponds to two receiving coils;
step 2: the exciting coil is introduced with high-frequency alternating current to generate an alternating magnetic field in space, and the spatial distribution of the exciting coil is designed to realize magnetic focusing;
and step 3: guiding the magnetic field to the rotating shaft through a guiding device to form a line segment, wherein two adjacent receiving coils on the line segment are equally divided into two adjacent receiving coils;
and 4, step 4: the positions of the three magnetic focusing line segments of the excitation device A are unchanged, and the positions of the three magnetic focusing line segments of the excitation device B relative to the rotating shaft are changed due to the deformation of the rotating shaft;
and 5: and 4, obtaining delta U by subtracting the induced voltage of one magnetic focusing line segment of the excitation device A and one magnetic focusing line segment of the corresponding excitation device B in the step 4, and ending the measurement.
Further, the step 1 specifically comprises: excitation device a corresponding to receiving coil a 4: first set of coils a1Produced byThe generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is divided into two adjacent coils or a second group of coils a2The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils or a third group of coils a3The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils;
the arrangement mode of the excitation device B corresponding to the receiving coil B6 is the same as that of the receiving coil A, namely, three groups of magnetic focusing line segments are respectively: b1，b2，b3。
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps: induced voltage U is
The change of phi at this time is mainly caused by B, which is the excitation magnetic field strength, and the changed electric field generates a magnetic field according to the law of electromagnetic induction, so B is generated by the change of the input excitation current,
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
is proportional to
It is known that the length and width of each receiving rectangular coil of the sensor are m and n, respectively, the focusing line segment is also n, S is m · n,
in view of the above, it can be seen that,
further, the step 5 specifically includes: when Δ U is 0, the rotating shaft is stationary; when the delta U is larger than 0, the rotating shaft has deformation in the positive direction; when the delta U is less than 0, the rotating shaft is deformed in the reverse direction; when the absolute value of the delta U is larger than 0, the rotating shaft has deformation in the axial direction, and the torque can be measured through the deformation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the torque measuring device can be applied to the measurement of various torque values, has good universality, can be used for testing static torque, and has wide application range.
2. The invention is simple to realize, and can increase or decrease the number of the receiving coils along with the change of the radius of the rotating shaft, thereby realizing the measurement of the torque.
3. The invention can measure each torque value under different deformation quantities when the static torque is at different time in real time.
4. The invention does not need to be externally connected with other devices on the rotating shaft, such as an angle sensor and the like, saves components, reduces the complexity of the measuring device and improves the reliability of measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional schematic view of the stationary torque sensor coil a of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the stationary torque sensor coil B of the present invention
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a receiver coil a and a receiver coil B of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the twist angle of the rotating shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention arranges two identical exciting and receiving devices at a certain distance above a rotating shaft to be measured, each exciting device comprises 3 groups of exciting coils, each group of exciting coils is arranged by a plurality of exciting coils in a mode of layer-by-layer superposition, each exciting coil is fixed, a magnetic guiding device is arranged below each exciting coil, and magnetic focusing is realized by the arrangement mode of the coils and the magnetic guiding device. And applying high-frequency sinusoidal current as the deformation quantity of the rotating shaft is continuously increased until the rotating shaft is in a static state in the period when the rotating shaft is about to rotate, wherein the current amplitude of each exciting coil is determined according to the position of the exciting coil. According to the principle of superposition of the magnetic field, the magnetic field is focused on a line segment on the surface of the rotating shaft to be measured, and the length of the line segment is equal to that of the short side of the rectangular receiving coil.
The invention adopts a rectangular exciting coil which is bent into an arc-shaped rectangle, the rectangular coils are overlapped layer by layer and arranged in a pyramid shape, and a device in a special funnel shape is arranged on a shell to guide a magnetic field to the surface of a rotating shaft, so that the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic field on the surface of the rotating shaft is far greater than that of other positions, and the specific form is shown in figure 2.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, a measuring system for measuring static torque based on a magnetic focusing method includes a rotating shaft 1, a first magnetic conductive unit and a second magnetic conductive unit, where the first magnetic conductive unit includes an excitation device a and a receiving coil a4, the excitation device a includes a magnetic guiding device A8 and a set of excitation coils a2, one end of the rotating shaft 1 is externally sleeved with the receiving coil a4, three magnetic guiding devices A8 are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the receiving coil a4, a set of excitation coils a2 is externally arranged on each magnetic guiding device A8, three excitation coils a2 are covered with a casing a-15-1 and a casing a-25-2, and the casing a-15-1 and the casing a-25-2 cooperate to form an annular casing a;
the second magnetic conduction unit comprises an excitation device B and a receiving coil B6, the excitation device B comprises a magnetic guide device B3 and a group of excitation coils B9, the receiving coil B6 is sleeved outside the other end of the rotating shaft 1, three magnetic guide devices B3 are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the receiving coil B6, a group of excitation coils B9 are arranged outside each magnetic guide device B3, an enclosure B-17-1 and an enclosure B-27-2 are covered outside the three excitation coils B9, and the enclosure B-17-1 and the enclosure B-27-2 are matched to form an annular enclosure B;
as shown in fig. 4, the receiver coil a4 includes four sets of receiver coils, each set of receiver coils including several coils, the first set of coil 1.1 representing coil number 1 which ultimately forms receiver coil a4, the second set of coil 2.1 ultimately forming coil number 2 of receiver coil a4, the third set of coil 3.1 ultimately forming coil number 3 of receiver coil a4, the fourth set of coil 4.1 ultimately forming coil number 4 of receiver coil a4, the first set of coil 1.5 representing coil number 5 which ultimately forms receiver coil a4, the second set of coil 2.5 ultimately forming coil number 6 of receiver coil a4, the third set of coil 3.5 ultimately forming coil number 7 of receiver coil a4, the fourth set of coil 4.5 ultimately forming coil number 8 of receiver coil a4, the first set of coil 1.9 representing coil number 9 which ultimately forms receiver coil a4, the second set of coil 2.9 ultimately forming coil number 10 of receiver coil a4, coil 3.9 of the third group finally forms coil number 11 of receiver coil a4, coil 4.9 of the fourth group finally forms coil number 12 of receiver coil a4, and so on.
1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 of the first group of coils are vacant, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 of the second group of coils are vacant, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 of the third group of coils are vacant, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 of the fourth group of coils are vacant, 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8 of the first group of coils are vacant, 2.6, 2.7 and 2.8 of the second group of coils are vacant, 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8 of the third group of coils are vacant, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 of the fourth group of coils are vacant, and so on, the number of receiving coils of each group on the receiving coils is finally set according to the radius of the rotating shaft 1.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, each of the magnetic guiding devices A8 is spaced from the rotating shaft 1 by a certain distance, the excitation coil a2 is disposed on the flexible circuit board 13, the flexible circuit board 13 is attached to the inner surface of the annular housing a, the magnetic guiding device A8 is connected to the annular housing a by a bracket a10, the bracket a10 is made of a material with insulation and extremely low magnetic permeability, the upper end of the magnetic guiding device A8 is in a circular open shape, the lower end of the magnetic guiding device A8 is a magnetic outlet, and the magnetic outlet is a thin line;
each magnetic guide device B3 is separated from the rotating shaft 1 by a certain distance, the excitation coil B9 is arranged on the flexible circuit board 15, the flexible circuit board 15 is attached to the inner surface of the annular housing B, the magnetic guide devices B3 are connected with the annular housing B through a support B14, the support B14 is made of an insulating material with extremely low magnetic permeability, the upper end of the magnetic guide device B3 is in a circular open-mouthed shape, the lower end of the magnetic guide device B3 is a magnetic outlet, and the magnetic outlet is a thin line.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, further, a magnetic guiding device A8 and a flexible circuit board containing an exciting coil are arranged inside the casing a-15-1 and the casing a-25-2, a handle a-111-1 and a handle a-211-2 are respectively arranged outside the casing a-15-1 and the casing a-25-2, a stator processing circuit is arranged inside the handle a-111-1 and the handle a-211-2, and openings are formed on the handle a-111-1 and the handle a-211-2 for leading out wires;
the inner structures of the casing B-17-1 and the casing B-27-2 are the same as those of the casing A-15-1 and the casing A-25-2.
The installation method of the static torque sensor comprises the steps of fixing the housing A-15-1, the housing A-25-2, the housing B-17-1 and the housing B-27-2, fixing the magnetic guide device A8 and a flexible circuit board containing an excitation coil in the housing, and arranging a stator processing circuit in the housing, wherein a lead is led out of the stator processing circuit. The flexible circuit board and the stator processing circuit are fixed through screws, and the receiving coil and the rotor processing circuit are directly adhered to the surface of the shaft.
Further, the receiving coil a4 and the receiving coil B6 have the same structure, the receiving coil a4 is composed of a plurality of rectangular receiving coils, the length and width of each receiving rectangular coil of the sensor are m and n, respectively, the length of the focusing line is equal to the width of the receiving rectangular coil, and S is equal to m · n.
If the No. 1 coil is connected with the No. 5 coil in series, the No. 5 coil is connected with the No. 9 coil in series, and so on; the No. 2 coil is connected with the No. 6 coil in series, the No. 6 coil is connected with the No. 10 coil in series, and the like; the No. 3 coil is connected with the No. 7 coil in series, and the No. 7 coil is connected with the No. 11 coil in series, and so on; no. 4 coil and No. 8 coil are connected in series, No. 8 coil is connected in series, then No. 12 coil is connected in series, and so on, and the final form is that 25 coils are connected in series to form a group, and four groups are in total.
The receiver coils are likewise printed using a flexible circuit board, and the signal processing circuit is also printed on this flexible circuit board. The signal processing circuit comprises signal acquisition, signal processing and the like. The flexible circuit board is a rotor, attached to the rotating shaft, and rotates together with the rotating shaft.
The rotating shaft 1 can be horizontally and stably arranged through a bracket, a support and the like, and the annular housing A and the annular housing B are relatively stable to the rotating shaft 1, namely the magnetic guiding device is not changed in position and distance relative to the receiving coil A or the receiving coil B.
One end of the rotating shaft 1, the receiving coil B side of the present application, is connected to the electrode output shaft.
A measurement method of the measurement system based on the magnetic focusing type static torque measurement as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the measurement method comprises the following steps:
step 1: presetting the three excitation devices A at corresponding positions, wherein one excitation device corresponds to two receiving coils;
step 2: the exciting coil is introduced with high-frequency alternating current to generate an alternating magnetic field in space, and the spatial distribution of the exciting coil is designed to realize magnetic focusing;
and step 3: guiding the magnetic field to the rotating shaft through a guiding device to form a line segment, wherein the line segment is positioned between two adjacent receiving coils and is divided into two adjacent receiving coils;
and 4, step 4: the positions of the three magnetic focusing line segments of the excitation device A are unchanged, and the positions of the three magnetic focusing line segments of the excitation device B relative to the rotating shaft are changed due to the deformation of the rotating shaft;
and 5: and 4, obtaining delta U by subtracting the induced voltage of one magnetic focusing line segment of the excitation device A and one magnetic focusing line segment of the corresponding excitation device B in the step 4, and ending the measurement.
Further, the step 1 specifically comprises: excitation device a corresponding to receiving coil a 4: first set of coils a1The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils or a second group of coils a2The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils or a third group of coils a3The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils;
the arrangement mode of the excitation device B corresponding to the receiving coil B6 is the same as that of the receiving coil A, namely, three groups of magnetic focusing line segments are respectively as follows: b1，b2，b3。
Further, the step 4 specifically includes: the induced voltage U is:
the change of phi at this time is mainly caused by B, which is the excitation magnetic field strength, and the changed electric field generates a magnetic field according to the law of electromagnetic induction, so B is generated by the change of the input excitation current,
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
is proportional to
It is known that the length and width of each receiving rectangular coil of the sensor are m and n, respectively, the focusing line segment is also n, S is m · n,
in view of the above, it can be seen that,
further, the step 5 specifically includes: the measurement method is explained by taking a2 magnetic focusing line segment and b2 magnetic focusing line segment as examples, and when the delta U is 0, the rotating shaft is static; when the delta U is larger than 0, the rotating shaft has deformation in the positive direction; when the delta U is less than 0, the rotating shaft is deformed in the reverse direction; when the absolute value of the delta U is larger than 0, the rotating shaft is deformed in the axial direction, and the torque can be measured through the deformation;
and (3) calculating the deformation size: due to A2And B2The excitation coils in (B) are identical and the change of the excitation power source is also identical, so that the magnetic induction B excited is considered to be identical. The generation of Δ U is entirely due to the distance travelled by the line segment, i.e. the length added in the coil, which may correspond to the angle by which the axis of rotation is rotated.
Derivation of a formula: induced voltage:
the difference between the corresponding induced voltages in the a2 and b2 positions is:
the two sides of the equation are integrated to obtain:
setting the magnetic induction intensity corresponding to the focusing line segment with the length of n/2 as B1Wherein the parameter K is the corresponding proportionality coefficient between the magnetic induction intensity and the length, the initial installation position is that the exciting coil is in the middle position of the two receiving coils, half of the line segment generated by the exciting coil is in the receiving coil 1, and half of the line segment is in the receiving coil 1In the receiving coil 2, then
Then the corresponding magnetic focusing line segment B under delta U2Length x in the receiving coil
Applying the arc length formula:
whereinrRadius of axis of rotation
The angle corresponding to the small deformation amount is as follows:
and then using theta corresponding to three magnetic focia、θb、θcPerforming an averaging operation
Calculating the angle corresponding to the micro deformation; the accuracy is improved by the method, and therefore errors are reduced.
The torsion angle corresponding to the small deformation between the two sensors is measured, as shown in fig. 5 (when the elastic transmission shaft with the length of L is subjected to a torque M, the transmission shaft deforms, and any two cross sections rotate relatively around the axis, so that the torsion angle is formed), and then the following formula is applied
In the formula: θ -the twist angle of the shaft; t is load torque; l is the effective length of the torsion bar; g-torsion bar material shear modulus; i isp-torsion bar section polar moment of inertia.
Ip＝πd4/32
In the formula: d is the diameter of the rotating shaft
Will be provided with
And IpBringing into the above formula yields:
Claims (8)
1. a measuring system for measuring static torque based on a magnetic focusing mode is characterized by comprising a rotating shaft (1), a first magnetic conductive unit and a second magnetic conductive unit, the first magnetic conductance unit comprises an excitation device A and a receiving coil A (4), the excitation device A comprises a magnetic guide device A (8) and a group of excitation coils A (2), a receiving coil A (4) is sleeved outside one end of the rotating shaft (1), three magnetic guiding devices A (8) are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the receiving coil A (4), a group of exciting coils A (2) are arranged outside each magnetic guiding device A (8), a housing A-1(5-1) and a housing A-2(5-2) are covered outside the three exciting coils A (2), the casing A-1(5-1) and the casing A-2(5-2) are matched to form an annular casing A;
the second magnetic conduction unit comprises an excitation device B and a receiving coil B (6), the excitation device B comprises a magnetic guide device B (3) and a group of excitation coils B (9), the receiving coil B (6) is sleeved outside the other end of the rotating shaft (1), three magnetic guide devices B (3) are uniformly distributed at the outer end of the receiving coil B (6), a group of excitation coils B (9) are arranged outside each magnetic guide device B (3), a housing B-1(7-1) and a housing B-2(7-2) are covered outside the three excitation coils B (9), and the housing B-1(7-1) and the housing B-2(7-2) are matched to form an annular housing B;
the receiving coil A (4) comprises four groups of receiving coils, each group of receiving coils comprises a plurality of coils, a first group of coils 1.1 represents a coil number 1 finally forming the receiving coil A (4), a second group of coils 2.1 finally forms a coil number 2 of the receiving coil A (4), a third group of coils 3.1 finally forms a coil number 3 of the receiving coil A (4), a fourth group of coils 4.1 finally forms a coil number 4 of the receiving coil A (4), a first group of coils 1.5 represents a coil number 5 finally forming the receiving coil A (4), a second group of coils 2.5 finally forms a coil number 6 of the receiving coil A (4), a third group of coils 3.5 finally forms a coil number 7 of the receiving coil A (4), a fourth group of coils 4.5 finally forms a coil number 8 of the receiving coil A (4), and a first group of coils 1.9 represents a coil number 9 finally forming the receiving coil A (4), coil 2.9 of the second set finally forms coil number 10 of receiver coil a (4), coil 3.9 of the third set finally forms coil number 11 of receiver coil a (4), coil 4.9 of the fourth set finally forms coil number 12 of receiver coil a (4), and so on;
1.2, 1.3 and 1.4 of the first group of coils are vacant, 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 of the second group of coils are vacant, 3.2, 3.3 and 3.4 of the third group of coils are vacant, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 of the fourth group of coils are vacant, 1.6, 1.7 and 1.8 of the first group of coils are vacant, 2.6, 2.7 and 2.8 of the second group of coils are vacant, 3.6, 3.7 and 3.8 of the third group of coils are vacant, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 of the fourth group of coils are vacant, and so on, the number of receiving coils on each group of receiving coils is finally set according to the radius of the rotating shaft (1).
2. The measuring system according to claim 1, wherein each of the magnetic guiding devices a (8) is spaced from the rotating shaft (1), the exciting coil a (2) is disposed on a flexible circuit board (13), the flexible circuit board (13) is attached to the inner surface of the annular housing a, the magnetic guiding devices a (8) and the annular housing a are connected by a bracket a (10), the upper end of the magnetic guiding device a (8) is in a circular open shape, the lower end of the magnetic guiding device a (8) is a magnetic outlet, and the magnetic outlet is in a fine line;
each magnetic guide device B (3) is separated from the rotating shaft (1) by a certain distance, the excitation coil B (9) is arranged on a flexible circuit board (15), the flexible circuit board (15) is attached to the inner surface of the annular housing B, the magnetic guide devices B (3) and the annular housing B are connected through a support B (14), the upper end of the magnetic guide device B (3) is in a circular open shape, the lower end of the magnetic guide device B (3) is a magnetic outlet, and the magnetic outlet is in a fine line shape.
3. The measuring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner sides of the casing A-1(5-1) and the casing A-2(5-2) are provided with a magnetic guiding device A (8) and a flexible circuit board containing an excitation coil, the outer parts of the casing A-1(5-1) and the casing A-2(5-2) are respectively provided with a handle A-1(11-1) and a handle A-2(11-2), a stator processing circuit is arranged in the handle A-1(11-1) and the handle A-2(11-2), and the handle A-1(11-1) and the handle A-2(11-2) are provided with openings for leading out lead wires;
the inner structures of the housing B-1(7-1) and the housing B-2(7-2) are the same as those of the housing A-1(5-1) and the housing A-2 (5-2).
4. The measuring system according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving coil A (4) and the receiving coil B (6) are identical in structure, the receiving coil A (4) is composed of a plurality of rectangular receiving coils, the length and width of each receiving rectangular coil of the sensor are respectively m and n, the length of the focusing line is equal to the width of the receiving rectangular coil, and S-m-n.
5. A measuring method of a measuring system based on a magnetic focusing type measuring static torque according to claim 1, characterized in that the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step 1: presetting the three excitation devices A at corresponding positions, wherein one excitation device corresponds to two receiving coils;
step 2: the exciting coil is introduced with high-frequency alternating current to generate an alternating magnetic field in space, and the spatial distribution of the exciting coil is designed to realize magnetic focusing;
and step 3: guiding the magnetic field to the rotating shaft through a guiding device to form a line segment, wherein the line segment is positioned between two adjacent receiving coils and is divided into two adjacent receiving coils;
and 4, step 4: the positions of the three magnetic focusing line segments of the excitation device A are unchanged, and the positions of the three magnetic focusing line segments of the excitation device B relative to the rotating shaft are changed due to the deformation of the rotating shaft;
and 5: and 4, obtaining delta U by subtracting the induced voltage of one magnetic focusing line segment of the excitation device A and one magnetic focusing line segment of the corresponding excitation device B in the step 4, and ending the measurement.
6. The measurement method according to claim 5, wherein the step 1 is specifically: excitation device a corresponding to reception coil a (4): first set of coils a1The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils or a second group of coils a2The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils or a third group of coils a3The generated magnetic focusing line segment is just positioned inside one of two receiving coils in the plurality of receiving coils and is equally divided into two adjacent coils;
the arrangement mode of the excitation device B corresponding to the receiving coil B (6) is consistent with that of the receiving coil A, namely three groups of magnetic focusing line segments are respectively as follows: b1，b2，b3。
7. The measurement method according to claim 5, wherein the step 4 is specifically: induced voltage U is
The change of phi at this time is mainly caused by B, which is the excitation magnetic field strength, and the changed electric field generates a magnetic field according to the law of electromagnetic induction, so B is generated by the change of the input excitation current,
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
is proportional to
It is known that the length and width of each receiving rectangular coil of the sensor are m and n, respectively, the focusing line segment is also n, S is m · n,
in view of the above, it can be seen that,
8. the measurement method according to claim 5, wherein the step 5 is specifically: when Δ U is 0, the rotating shaft is stationary; when the delta U is larger than 0, the rotating shaft has deformation in the positive direction; when the delta U is less than 0, the rotating shaft is deformed in the reverse direction; when the absolute value of the delta U is larger than 0, the rotating shaft has deformation in the axial direction, and the torque can be measured through the deformation.
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| CN114112138A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-01 | 东北林业大学 | Magnetic focusing type sensor with variable turns and rotating speed and torque calculation method |
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