CN110987188A - Little hourglass type polarization detection camera - Google Patents
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- CN110987188A CN110987188A CN201911156397.2A CN201911156397A CN110987188A CN 110987188 A CN110987188 A CN 110987188A CN 201911156397 A CN201911156397 A CN 201911156397A CN 110987188 A CN110987188 A CN 110987188A
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002493 microarray Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000609 electron-beam lithography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J4/00—Measuring polarisation of light
- G01J4/04—Polarimeters using electric detection means
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Abstract
The invention provides a micro hourglass type polarization detection camera which comprises the following components: the micro-polarization detection unit of the camera light-sensitive surface acquires polarization information, and the micro-polarization detection unit is divided into two layers: one layer is a pixel layer, the other layer is a detection layer, the detection layer is positioned above the pixel layer, and incident light irradiates the pixel layer through the detection layer; one of four pixel points in the pixel layer basic imaging unit is covered by the non-light-transmitting coating, so that only half of light can pass through; the detection layer may be formed by a local polarisation device such as PAF or a device with half wavelength phase retardation such as an S-wave plate, and when an S-wave plate is used as the detection layer, a linear polariser is added between the S-wave plate microarray and the camera pixel layer array. This enables the intensity distribution of the emitted light to conform to the Malus law after the polarized light strikes the detection layer; and decoupling according to the intensity information of the four pixel points in the pixel layer to obtain the polarization direction and the polarization degree of the incident light.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polarization detection, in particular to a micro hourglass-shaped polarization detection camera.
Background
The polarization detection method has the advantages that the polarization detection method can acquire information such as physical, biochemical and spatial distribution of the object by collecting the polarization state of light reflected or emitted by the object, so that the polarization detection method is widely applied to sky polarization navigation, polarization imaging, stress detection, optical active substance detection and the like, and the basic principle is realized by extracting polarization information reflected by a target. The basic physical principle for polarization detection is to convert polarization direction changes into light intensity changes using Malus' law. The principle of a typical polarization detection device is: the polarized light passes through the rotating polaroid, and the polarization direction of the polarized light is obtained by comparing the light intensity distribution of the emergent light with the Malus law; or the light to be measured is split, and the preset multi-angle polaroid replaces rotation to realize multi-channel measurement, so that the polarization detection based on the Malus law is completed. However, typical disadvantages of these devices are: the polarization direction can be obtained only by rotating the polarizing film for at least one circle when the polarization direction needs to be detected, so that the real-time performance is poor; although the multi-channel measurement scheme can improve the detection speed, the volume of the instrument is increased, and the spatial resolution of the detection for complex polarization states is insufficient. Another solution is to use a time or space modulation method to achieve mechanical rotation-free, but the corresponding technique is relatively complex and costly.
With the development of electron beam lithography technology in recent years, a bionic polarization imaging camera based on an insect compound eye structure appears, a pixelized micro-polarization array is obtained through electron beam lithography, and the pixelized micro-polarization array is integrated on a camera sensor and can be used for real-time polarization direction detection, so that the polarization detection aspect has great application potential and considerable development is achieved, but at present, polarization detection of the pixelized micro-polarization array used by the bionic polarization imaging camera is realized by arranging 4 micro-polarization plates with continuous phase difference of 45 degrees. The invention provides a micro hourglass type polarization detection camera, wherein a Polarization Axis Finder (PAF) or S-wave plate microarray is used in a micro polarization array, when the micro S-wave plate array is used, a linear polarizer is required to be added between the micro S-wave plate array and a camera sensor, intensity information acquired through pixel points on the camera is decoupled by using a corresponding method, and the detection of the polarization direction can be realized. Meanwhile, the PAF can also be a concentric circular ring polarizer, and the polarization direction is angular or radial; the S-waveplate can be replaced by devices with half-wavelength phase delay, such as liquid crystal polymer vortex wave plates, spatial variation sub-wavelength metal stripe gratings, spatial light modulators and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a micro hourglass-shaped polarization detection camera.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a micro hourglass type polarization detection camera, which is characterized in that: the micro-polarization detection unit of the camera light-sensitive surface is divided into two layers: one layer is a pixel layer, the other layer is a detection layer, the pixel layer comprises four pixel points, and the four pixel points are respectively marked as I, II, III and IV according to four quadrants in a rectangular coordinate system; the detection layer is positioned above the pixel layer, and incident light irradiates the pixel layer through the detection layer; one of four pixel points in the pixel layer basic imaging unit is covered by the non-light-transmitting coating, so that only half of light can pass through; the detection layer can be composed of PAF or S-wave plate microarray, when the S-wave plate microarray is used as the detection layer, a linear polarizer is required to be added between the S-wave plate microarray and the camera pixel layer array. This enables the intensity distribution of the emitted light after irradiation with polarized light to conform to the Malus law; and decoupling according to the intensity information of the four pixel points in the pixel layer to obtain the polarization direction and the polarization degree of the incident light. Meanwhile, the PAF can also be a concentric circular ring polarizer, and the polarization direction is angular or radial; the S-waveplate can be replaced by devices with half-wavelength phase delay, such as liquid crystal polymer vortex wave plates, spatial variation sub-wavelength metal stripe gratings, spatial light modulators and the like.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a decoupling method of the polarization information of the micro hourglass type polarization detection camera, which takes the S-wave plate as an example: after the incident light passes through the detection layer, the light intensity of the emergent light is as follows:
in the formula, K is the amplification factor, d is the polarization degree of incident light, theta is the azimuth angle of the incident light, and phi is the polarization angle of the incident light. The emergent light via the detection layer is collected by four pixel points on the pixel layer, and the light intensity collected by the four pixel points on the pixel layer of the imaging unit is as follows:
in the formula I1、I2、I3And I4The polarization degree d of the incident light and the polarization angle phi of the incident light can be obtained by solving the equation corresponding to the light intensity collected by the pixel points with numbers I, II, III and IV in the pixel layer, and when the PAF is used as the detection layer, only 2 theta-2 phi in the various formulas listed in the decoupling method needs to be changed into 2 theta-2 phi + pi.
Drawings
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, which are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way, and in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a camera for polarization direction detection according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is illustrated in detail below by means of 2 examples:
example 1
The schematic diagram of a micro hourglass type polarization detection camera provided by the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the core part of the schematic diagram lies in the design of a camera light-sensing surface and a decoupling method of polarization information. The micro-polarization detection unit of the camera light-sensitive surface is divided into two layers: one layer is a pixel layer, the other layer is a detection layer, the pixel layer comprises four pixel points, and the four pixel points are respectively marked as I, II, III and IV according to four quadrants in a rectangular coordinate system; the detection layer is positioned above the pixel layer, and incident light irradiates the pixel layer through the detection layer; one of the four pixel points in the pixel layer is covered by the non-light-transmitting coating, so that only half of light can pass through;
PAF (polarization axis finder) or S-wave plate can be used as a detection layer of a basic detection unit, the centers of the PAF and the S-wave plate should be arranged at the centers of areas where four pixel points are located in a pixel layer, when the S-wave plate microarray is used as the detection layer, a linear polarizer needs to be added between the S-wave plate microarray and a camera pixel layer array, so that after polarized light irradiation, the light intensity distribution of emergent light on space accords with Malus law, and when incident light passes through the detection layer, taking the S-wave plate as an example, the light intensity of the emergent light is shown as the following formula:
in the formula, K is the amplification factor, d is the polarization degree of incident light, theta is the azimuth angle of the incident light, and phi is the polarization angle of the incident light.
The emergent light via the detection layer is collected by four pixel points on the pixel layer, and the light intensity collected by the four pixel points on the pixel layer of the imaging unit is as follows:
in the formula I1And I3At the position ofA set of pixel points at diagonal positions, and I3Light intensity obtained for a pixel in the half-shielded area, I2And I4For a group of pixel points at the other diagonal position, the polarization degree d of the incident light and the polarization angle phi of the incident light can be obtained by solving the equation, and when the PAF is used as a detection layer, only 2 theta-2 phi in the formulas listed in the decoupling method needs to be changed into 2 theta-2 phi + pi.
Example 2
An embodiment 2 of the micro hourglass type polarization detection camera provided by the invention is shown in fig. 2, and the difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 is that a pixel layer of a micro polarization detection unit of a camera light-sensing surface only comprises three pixel points which are distributed in a shape of a Chinese character pin, and taking S-wave plate as an example, the light intensity of emergent light is shown as the following formula:
in the formula, K is the amplification factor, d is the polarization degree of incident light, theta is the azimuth angle of the incident light, and phi is the polarization angle of the incident light.
The light intensities collected by the three pixel points on the imaging unit pixel layers numbered i, ii and iii as shown in fig. 2 are as follows:
by solving the equation, the polarization degree d of the incident light and the polarization angle phi of the incident light can be obtained, and when the PAF is used as a detection layer, only 2 theta-2 phi in various formulas listed in the decoupling method needs to be changed into 2 theta-2 phi + pi.
Claims (3)
1. A little hourglass type polarization detection camera which characterized in that: the micro-polarization detection unit of the camera light-sensitive surface is divided into two layers: one layer is a pixel layer, the other layer is a detection layer, the pixel layer comprises four pixel points, and the four pixel points are respectively marked as I, II, III and IV according to four quadrants in a rectangular coordinate system; the detection layer is positioned above the pixel layer, and incident light irradiates the pixel layer through the detection layer;
the display device is further characterized in that one of the four pixel points in the pixel layer is covered by the non-light-transmitting coating, so that only half of light can pass through the display device;
the detection layer can be composed of a PAF or S-wave plate microarray, when the micro S-wave plate is used as the detection layer, a linear polarizer is required to be added between the S-wave plate microarray and the camera pixel layer array; the detection layer can enable the light intensity distribution of emergent light to accord with the Malus law after the polarized light is irradiated;
the method is further characterized in that the polarization direction and the polarization degree of incident light are obtained through decoupling according to the intensity information of the four pixel points in the pixel layer;
the PAF is also characterized in that the PAF can be a concentric circular ring polaroid, and the polarization direction is angular or radial; the S-waveplate can be replaced by devices with half-wavelength phase delay, such as liquid crystal polymer vortex wave plates, spatial variation sub-wavelength metal stripe gratings, spatial light modulators and the like.
2. The hourglass-shaped polarization detecting camera of claim 1, wherein the decoupling of polarization information is achieved using the following method: when an S-wave plate microarray is used, the intensity of emergent light after incident light passes through the detection layer is shown as follows:
in the formula, K is the magnification, d is the polarization degree of incident light, theta is the azimuth angle of incident light, phi is the polarization angle of incident light, and the emergent light via the detection layer is gathered by four pixel points on the pixel layer, and when the pixel point with the label III is covered by half, the light intensity that four pixel points on the pixel layer gathered is as follows various formulas:
in the formula I1、I2、I3And I4Respectively corresponding to the light intensity collected by the pixel points with numbers I, II, III and IV in the pixel layer, and solving the equation to obtain the polarization degree d of the incident light and the polarization angle phi of the incident light;
when PAF is used as a detection layer, 2 theta-2 phi in the listed formulas is changed into 2 theta-2 phi + pi, and then decoupling is carried out to obtain polarization information.
3. The hourglass-shaped polarization detection camera of claim 1, wherein the pixel layer comprises three pixels distributed in a shape of Chinese character 'pin', the three pixels start from a square shape above the Chinese character 'pin' counterclockwise and are respectively marked as I, II and III, and when an S-wave plate is used as an example, the light intensity of the emergent light is as follows:
in the formula, K is the amplification factor, d is the polarization degree of incident light, theta is the azimuth angle of the incident light, and phi is the polarization angle of the incident light;
the light intensity that three pixel points on the imaging unit pixel layer of serial numbers I, II and III gathered is as follows:
by solving the above equation, the polarization degree d of the incident light and the polarization angle phi of the incident light can be obtained, and when PAF is used as the detection layer, 2 theta-2 phi in the listed formulas is changed into 2 theta-2 phi + pi.
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Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852614A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-10-06 | 大连理工大学 | Miniature polarized light detecting device of navigation sensor |
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| US20180309949A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Dartmouth College | Quanta Image Sensor with Polarization-Sensitive Jots |
| CN110207825A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-09-06 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of device and method based on S wave plate measurement radial polarisation optical purity |
| CN110332994A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-15 | 天津大学 | Full Stokes vector measurement method based on polarization camera and optimization wave plate |
-
2019
- 2019-11-22 CN CN201911156397.2A patent/CN110987188A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101852614A (en) * | 2010-06-10 | 2010-10-06 | 大连理工大学 | Miniature polarized light detecting device of navigation sensor |
| CN202420680U (en) * | 2012-01-18 | 2012-09-05 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Full-light-field all-Stokes parameter detecting device |
| CN202648799U (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2013-01-02 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Light beam Stokes parameter measuring device |
| CN104457995A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-03-25 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Fast polarization detector and detecting method |
| US20180309949A1 (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2018-10-25 | Dartmouth College | Quanta Image Sensor with Polarization-Sensitive Jots |
| CN110207825A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-09-06 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of device and method based on S wave plate measurement radial polarisation optical purity |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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