CN110986423B

CN110986423B - Water chilling unit

Info

Publication number: CN110986423B
Application number: CN201911338998.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张继亮
Original assignee: Taineng Natural Gas Co ltd
Current assignee: Taineng Natural Gas Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-23
Filing date: 2019-12-23
Publication date: 2021-08-24
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-23
Also published as: CN110986423A

Abstract

The invention discloses a water chilling unit, which belongs to the technical field of water chillers and comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a high-temperature generator, a low-temperature generator, a cooling device and a heating device; the invention is provided with the gas heating device, so that the water chilling unit can adapt to driving heat sources in different temperature ranges; the driving heat source containing a large amount of waste heat after heat exchange is recycled, and the heating device can increase the temperature of the driving heat source again only by providing a small amount of heat and is used for heating and concentrating the solution in the high-temperature generator; according to the invention, the internal circulation pipeline of the water chilling unit is optimized, four heat exchangers are added, the heat of the concentrated solution is utilized to preheat the dilute solution in the first circulation pipeline, meanwhile, the temperature of the solution to be cooled is also reduced, and the efficiency of the water chilling unit is improved; the invention is provided with the cooling device, thereby reducing the configuration requirement on the cooling tower, the cooling device is provided with the negative pressure device, water is evaporated and absorbs heat at a lower temperature in a low-pressure environment, and the cooling efficiency is improved.

Description

Water chilling unit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water coolers, in particular to a water chiller.

Background

The water chilling unit is also called a refrigerator, a refrigerating unit, a water chilling unit, a cooling device and the like, and in the prior art, Chinese invention patent (CN102748890B) discloses a water-cooling water chilling unit system which adopts a condenser heat exchange tube and an evaporator heat exchange tube to finish heat exchange in the condensation and evaporation processes of a refrigerant, and the heat exchange efficiency of the water-cooling water chilling unit is expected to be improved; water is adopted as a refrigerant, so that the heat exchange efficiency is low; in recent years, with the development of absorption refrigerators, lithium bromide is often used as a heat exchange medium.

The traditional lithium bromide absorption type water chilling unit comprises a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, a solution pump and the like, is the most common heat-driven refrigeration cycle system, takes external heat energy as a driving heat source, takes lithium bromide as a carrier for energy transfer, and carries out refrigeration through circulation. The basic working principle is that the interior of the evaporator is in a low-pressure environment, and the heat in cold water (air-conditioning water) is taken away by evaporating water in the low-pressure environment (the boiling point of the water is reduced in the low-pressure environment and the water can be evaporated at low temperature), so that the cold water is cooled; the absorber is communicated with the evaporator, high-concentration lithium bromide with strong water absorption is arranged in the absorber and used for absorbing water vapor generated in the evaporator, the lithium bromide is diluted and generates heat, the temperature of the lithium bromide is reduced by a cooling water pipeline, and after the temperature is reduced, the diluted lithium bromide solution enters the generator; a high-temperature steam pipeline is introduced into the generator and is used for heating and concentrating the diluted lithium bromide, the concentration is generally divided into two-stage concentration of a high-temperature generator and a low-temperature generator, and the concentrated lithium bromide returns to the absorber again; the condensed water vapor is condensed in the condenser, and the condensed water is circulated back to the evaporator to continue evaporation and heat absorption.

The lithium bromide absorption type water chiller in the prior art has the following problems that firstly, the lithium bromide absorption type water chiller has higher requirement on the grade of a high-temperature steam pipeline heat source, and a medium-low temperature heat source cannot be used, which means that the energy utilization rate is greatly reduced; secondly, after lithium bromide in the water chilling unit is circularly concentrated, the lithium bromide enters the absorber with temperature, and is cooled by cooling water in the absorber, so that heat is not fully utilized; in addition, the condenser of the existing water chiller cools the internal condensed water through cooling water, and the cooling mode needs to be provided with a large cooling tower, so that the problems of large occupied area, high cost and the like are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a water chilling unit, aiming at improving the utilization rate of a driving heat source and efficiently utilizing heat sources in different temperature ranges; by optimizing the structure of the water chilling unit, the efficiency of the water chilling unit is improved, and the configuration requirement on the cooling tower is reduced.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

the improved water chilling unit is characterized in that a high-temperature radiating tube is arranged in the high-temperature generator, a water inlet tube and a water outlet tube are arranged at two ends of the high-temperature radiating tube, a heating coil is arranged on the water outlet tube, and a heating device is arranged below the heating coil; the high-temperature generator is also provided with a high-temperature condensate pipe, the low-temperature generator is provided with a low-temperature condensate pipe, and the high-temperature condensate pipe and the low-temperature condensate pipe are converged in a circulating condensate pipe after passing through the low-temperature generator; the first circulating pipeline comprises a first heat exchange branch and a second heat exchange branch, and a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are arranged on the first heat exchange branch; the water outlet pipe of the high-temperature radiating pipe is communicated with the heating coil pipe after passing through the second heat exchanger, and the third circulating pipeline is communicated with the absorber after passing through the first heat exchanger; a third heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger are arranged on the second heat exchange branch; the second circulating pipeline is communicated with the low-temperature generator after passing through the fourth heat exchanger, and the circulating condensate pipeline is communicated to the evaporator after sequentially passing through the third heat exchanger and the cooling device.

Further, cooling device includes the cooling tank, be equipped with cooling coil in the cooling tank, the cooling coil both ends are located the cooling tank outside, the cooling tank top is equipped with the gas vent, gas vent department installs the fan, cooling tank side bottom is equipped with the air inlet, the cooling tank bottom is equipped with the water tank, it is equipped with the gondola water faucet to be located the cooling coil top in the cooling tank, the water tank through spray the pipeline with the gondola water faucet intercommunication, spray the pipeline and still be equipped with first water pump.

Further, a negative pressure device is arranged at an air inlet of the cooling device and comprises an L-shaped bent pipe, an annular baffle, a sealing ball and a return spring are arranged inside the L-shaped bent pipe, the periphery of the annular baffle is welded on the inner wall of the L-shaped bent pipe, one end of the return spring is fixed below the sealing ball, and the other end of the return spring is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the L-shaped bent pipe; the sealing ball is pressed against the center of the annular baffle under the action of the return spring.

Furthermore, a second water pump is arranged on the cooling water pipe, and two ends of the second water pump are communicated with the cooling coil in the cooling device.

Furthermore, the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe of the high-temperature radiating pipe are both provided with a temperature sensor.

Further, heating device includes the combustor, the combustor passes through the gas pipe and communicates with external natural gas.

Furthermore, the one end and the inlet tube intercommunication of high temperature cooling tube are kept away from to the outlet pipe, be equipped with the third water pump on the inlet tube, still be equipped with the fluid infusion mouth on the inlet tube.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the gas heating device is arranged, so that the water chilling unit can adapt to driving heat sources in different temperature ranges, and when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the driving heat source is lower, the heating device is started to heat; secondly, the driving heat source containing a large amount of waste heat after heat exchange is recycled, and the heating device can increase the temperature of the driving heat source again only by providing a small amount of heat for heating and concentrating the solution in the high-temperature generator. In addition, the heating device adopts gas heating, so that fuel is easy to obtain, and combustion products are cleaner. The invention optimizes the pipeline of the traditional lithium bromide absorption type water chilling unit, adds a plurality of heat exchangers, preheats the dilute solution in the first circulation pipeline by utilizing the heat of the concentrated solution, simultaneously reduces the temperature of the solution to be cooled, and improves the efficiency of the water chilling unit. The invention improves the cooling device, replaces the traditional condenser, reduces the configuration requirement on the cooling tower, ensures the low-pressure environment in the cooling tank by matching the cooling device with the negative pressure device, reduces the boiling point of water, ensures that the water is evaporated and absorbs heat at lower temperature, and improves the cooling efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a water chiller according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cooling apparatus of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a water chiller according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a water chiller according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "back", "inner", "outer", "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

It is known that a lithium bromide absorption type water chilling unit is the most common heat-driven refrigeration cycle system, and uses external heat energy as a driving heat source, uses lithium bromide as a carrier for energy transfer, and performs refrigeration through energy circulation. The application is improved on the basis of the traditional lithium bromide absorption type water chilling unit, and firstly, a driving heat source (steam is adopted in the prior art) is improved, so that the driving heat source can be suitable for using heat sources with different temperature ranges as the driving heat source, and the used driving heat source with heat is recycled; secondly, the structure of the internal pipeline of the water chilling unit is changed, a plurality of internal heat exchangers are added, the utilization efficiency of energy is improved, and finally, a cooling device is improved to replace a traditional condenser, so that the configuration requirement on a cooling tower is reduced; the following is a detailed explanation by means of three examples.

Implementation 1:

as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a water chilling unit, which includes an evaporator 1, an absorber 2, a high temperature generator 3, a low temperature generator 4, and a cooling device 5, and the specific structure of the water chilling unit is that the evaporator 1 is located inside the absorber 2, and the evaporator 1 is communicated with the absorber 2.

The absorber 2 of the water chilling unit is communicated with the high-temperature generator 3 through a first circulating pipeline 6, the high-temperature generator 3 is communicated with the low-temperature generator 4 through a second circulating pipeline 7, the low-temperature generator 4 is communicated with the absorber 2 through a third circulating pipeline 8, and a lithium bromide solution circulating pipeline is formed through circulation.

Specifically, a cold water pipe 9 is communicated with the evaporator 1, a cooling water pipe 10 is communicated with the absorber 2, the cold water pipe is communicated with external cold water to be cooled, and the cooling water pipe 10 is used for cooling the lithium bromide solution in the absorber 2 and is communicated with an external cooling tower.

Be equipped with high temperature cooling tube 11 in the high temperature generator 3, the both ends of high temperature cooling tube 11 are equipped with inlet tube 12 and outlet pipe 13, still are equipped with heating coil 14 on wherein the outlet pipe 13, are equipped with heating device 15 in heating coil 14's below, and this heating device 15 includes combustor 16, and combustor 16 passes through gas pipe 17 and outer natural gas intercommunication, and heating device 15 heats heating coil 14 through burning natural gas. In addition, temperature sensors are arranged on the water inlet pipe 12 and the water outlet pipe 13 of the high-temperature radiating pipe 11 for monitoring the temperature in the water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe. The during operation, the high temperature heat source gets into high temperature cooling tube 11 by inlet tube 12, heats the concentration to low concentration solution in the high temperature generator 3, flows through outlet pipe 13 at last, and at this moment, the high temperature heat source has carried out the heat exchange, but still contains a large amount of waste heat, and direct emission can cause the energy extravagant, and in this embodiment, it can be through heating device 15 heating, absorbs a small amount of heats and can heat up into usable high temperature heat source.

More specifically, the high-temperature generator 3 is also provided with a high-temperature condensate pipe 19, the low-temperature generator 4 is provided with a low-temperature condensate pipe 20, and the high-temperature condensate pipe 19 passes through the low-temperature generator 14 and then is collected with the low-temperature condensate pipe 20 into a circulating condensate pipe 21; the first circulation pipeline 6 can be divided into a first heat exchange branch 22 and a second heat exchange branch 23, wherein the first heat exchange branch 22 is provided with a first heat exchanger 24 and a second heat exchanger 25; the water outlet pipe 13 of the high-temperature radiating pipe 11 is communicated with the heating coil 14 after passing through the second heat exchanger 25, and the third circulating pipeline 8 is communicated with the absorber 2 after passing through the first heat exchanger 24; the second heat exchange branch 23 is provided with a third heat exchanger 26 and a fourth heat exchanger 27; the second circulating pipeline 7 is communicated with the low-temperature generator 4 after passing through a fourth heat exchanger 27, and the circulating condensate pipeline 21 is communicated with the evaporator 1 after sequentially passing through a third heat exchanger 26 and the cooling device 5.

To be further explained: in the water chilling unit, water in a water outlet pipe 13 of a high-temperature radiating pipe 11 still has heat after heat exchange is carried out by a high-temperature generator 3; the water in the circulating condensation water pipeline 21 is condensed into water by water vapor generated in the heating and concentrating process, and the water also has heat; the second circulation pipeline 7 and the third circulation pipeline 8 are heated and concentrated solution and also carry heat; the traditional water chilling unit is cooled by cooling water supplied by an external cooling tower, so that heat waste is caused, and the efficiency of the water chilling unit is lower. The principle of the embodiment is as follows: the heat of the liquid in the third circulation pipeline 8 and the water outlet pipe 13 is respectively exchanged to the first heat exchange branch 22 through the first heat exchanger 24 and the second heat exchanger 25, so that the dilute solution in the first heat exchange branch 22 is preheated; the third heat exchanger 26 and the fourth heat exchanger 27 respectively exchange heat of the liquid in the circulating condensate pipeline 21 and the liquid in the second circulating pipeline 7 to the second heat exchange branch 23, so as to preheat the dilute solution in the first heat exchange branch 23; so far, through retrieving the heat in the corresponding pipeline, make the weak solution in the first circulation pipeline 6 obtain preheating, reduced the heat that the concentration needs in the high temperature generator 3, improved the efficiency of cooling water set, in addition, also reduced cooling tower load.

As shown in fig. 2, the cooling device 5 includes a cooling tank 27, a cooling coil 28 is disposed in the cooling tank 27, two ends of the cooling coil 28 are located outside the cooling tank 27, wherein an exhaust port 29 is disposed at the top of the cooling tank 27, a fan 30 is installed at the exhaust port 29, an air inlet 31 is disposed at the bottom of the side surface of the cooling tank 27, a water tank 32 is further disposed at the bottom of the cooling tank 27, a shower head 33 is disposed above the cooling coil 28 in the cooling tank, the water tank 32 is communicated with the shower head 33 through a shower pipeline 34, and the shower pipeline 34 is further provided with a first water pump 35; in the present embodiment, the cooling device 5 is connected in series to the circulating condensate line 21 through the cooling coil 28 at both ends thereof.

More specifically, a negative pressure device is arranged at the air inlet 31 of the cooling device 5, the negative pressure device comprises an L-shaped elbow 36, an annular baffle 37, a sealing ball 38 and a return spring 39 are arranged inside the L-shaped elbow 36, wherein the periphery of the annular baffle 37 is welded on the inner wall of the L-shaped elbow 36, one end of the return spring 39 is fixed below the sealing ball 38, and the other end of the return spring is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the L-shaped elbow 36; the return spring 39 is in compression and the sealing ball 38 acts as a seal in the action of the return spring 39 against the annular flap 37.

The working principle of the cooling device 5 is that two ends of the cooling coil 28 are communicated with the liquid to be cooled in the circulating condensate pipeline 21, when the cooling device works, the first water pump 35 is started, the first water pump 35 pumps water in the water tank 32 to the shower head 33, the shower head 33 sprays the cooling coil 28 for cooling, the fan 30 is started, gas in the cooling tank 27 is reduced by exhaust air pressure, and when the pressure generated by the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cooling tank 27 is greater than the elastic force of the return spring 39, the sealing ball 38 presses down the return spring 39 under the action of the pressure difference to supplement air in the cooling tank 27; the pressure of the cooling tank 27 is always ensured to be lower than the external atmospheric pressure, the boiling point of water under low pressure is reduced, and further the evaporation heat absorption efficiency is improved, and the cooling is accelerated.

In addition, it should be particularly pointed out that, because a gas heating device is adopted, in other embodiments, a safety alarm device can be added, and further description of other prior arts is omitted, and the following briefly describes the basic working principle of the water chilling unit in this embodiment:

the refrigerant water in the evaporator 1 is evaporated to take away the heat in the cold water pipe 9, so that the cold water in the cold water pipe 9 is cooled; because the evaporator 1 is communicated with the absorber 2, refrigerant water enters the absorber 2 after being evaporated and is absorbed by a lithium bromide solution in the absorber 2, the lithium bromide solution is diluted and then releases heat, the diluted lithium bromide solution is cooled (the water absorption capacity of the lithium bromide solution can be increased after being cooled) through cooling water circulation in the cooling water pipe 10, the diluted lithium bromide solution flows through the first heat exchange branch 22 and the second heat exchange path 23 of the first circulation pipeline 6, is preheated through the first heat exchanger 24, the second heat exchanger 25, the third heat exchanger 26 and the fourth heat exchanger 27, and then enters the high-temperature generator 3 for first-stage concentration;

first-stage concentration: a high-temperature radiating pipe 11 is arranged in the high-temperature generator 3, a driving heat source in the high-temperature radiating pipe 11 heats and concentrates the lithium bromide solution, and after concentration, the driving heat source with waste heat preheats the lithium bromide solution in the first heat exchange branch 22 through a second heat exchanger 25 in a water outlet pipe 13; the lithium bromide solution with heat enters the second circulation pipeline 7, and the lithium bromide solution in the second heat exchange branch 23 is preheated in the second circulation pipeline 7 through the fourth heat exchanger 27, and then enters the low-temperature generator 4 for second-stage concentration.

And (3) second-stage concentration: high-temperature steam generated by the first-stage concentration flows through the low-temperature generator 4 through the high-temperature condensation water pipeline, further heats and concentrates lithium bromide solution in the low-temperature condensation water pipeline 20, finally is collected to the circulating condensation water pipeline 21 together with the low-temperature condensation water pipeline, preheats the lithium bromide solution in the first heat exchange branch 22 through the third heat exchanger 26 in the circulating condensation water pipeline 21, is cooled by the cooling device 5, flows back to the evaporator 1, and continues to be used as refrigerant water for evaporation and heat absorption; the concentrated lithium bromide solution enters the third circulation pipeline 8, and the lithium bromide solution in the first heat exchange branch 22 is preheated in the third circulation pipeline 8 through the first heat exchanger 24.

Finally, the lithium bromide solution after two-stage concentration flows back to the absorber 2 through the third circulating pipeline 8 to continuously absorb the water vapor from the evaporator 1.

Example 2

On the basis of embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a set of cooling devices is connected to both ends of the cooling water pipe 10 for cooling the cooling water. The water chilling unit can be ensured to continue working under the condition of no large-scale cooling tower.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a second water pump 40 is added to the cooling water pipe 10, and both ends of the second water pump are respectively communicated with the cooling coil 28 of the cooling device 5.

It is known that the lithium bromide solution in the absorber 2 absorbs water and is diluted to generate a large amount of heat, the water absorption effect of the lithium bromide solution is reduced in a high-temperature environment, the cooling water pipe 10 is used for cooling the diluted lithium bromide solution, and in this embodiment, after absorbing heat, the water in the cooling water pipe 10 circulates to the cooling device 5 to be cooled, and a large cooling tower does not need to be configured.

Example 3

On the basis of embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 4, this embodiment is suitable for the working condition without external heat source, and the heat supply pipeline is set as the circulation pipeline, and is heated by the heating device 15. The method comprises the following specific steps:

in addition to embodiment 2, one end of the water outlet pipe 13 away from the high temperature radiating pipe 11 is communicated with the water inlet pipe 12, the water inlet pipe 12 is provided with a third water pump 41, and the water inlet pipe 12 is further provided with a fluid infusion port 18.

The principle is that when water is short, liquid is added to the pipeline through the liquid supplementing port 42, liquid flows in through the water inlet pipe 12, is dissipated at the high-temperature radiating pipe 11, dilute solution in the high-temperature generator 3 is heated and concentrated, the dilute solution flows through the second heat exchanger 25 to carry out heat exchange, finally, the dilute solution flows through the heating device on the water outlet pipe 13 to complete heating, and then the dilute solution circulates to the high-temperature generator 3 again to be heated.

While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are illustrative and not restrictive, and that the following embodiments are merely illustrative of the improvements which have been made thereon and are intended to be in accordance with the principles and configurations set forth in the foregoing embodiments, and that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that such changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations are to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water chilling unit comprises an evaporator, an absorber, a high-temperature generator, a low-temperature generator and a cooling device, wherein the evaporator is located inside the absorber, the evaporator is communicated with the absorber, the absorber is communicated with the high-temperature generator through a first circulation pipeline, the high-temperature generator is communicated with the low-temperature generator through a second circulation pipeline, the low-temperature generator is communicated with the absorber through a third circulation pipeline, a cold water pipe is communicated with the evaporator, and a cooling water pipe is communicated with the absorber; the high-temperature generator is also provided with a high-temperature condensate pipe, the low-temperature generator is provided with a low-temperature condensate pipe, and the high-temperature condensate pipe and the low-temperature condensate pipe are converged in a circulating condensate pipe after passing through the low-temperature generator; the first circulating pipeline comprises a first heat exchange branch and a second heat exchange branch, and a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger are arranged on the first heat exchange branch; the water outlet pipe of the high-temperature radiating pipe is communicated with the heating coil pipe after passing through the second heat exchanger, and the third circulating pipeline is communicated with the absorber after passing through the first heat exchanger; a third heat exchanger and a fourth heat exchanger are arranged on the second heat exchange branch; the second circulating pipeline is communicated with the low-temperature generator after passing through the fourth heat exchanger, and the circulating condensate pipeline is communicated to the evaporator after sequentially passing through the third heat exchanger and the cooling device.

2. The water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the cooling device includes a cooling tank, a cooling coil is disposed in the cooling tank, two ends of the cooling coil are located outside the cooling tank, an exhaust port is disposed at the top of the cooling tank, a fan is mounted at the exhaust port, an air inlet is disposed at the bottom of the side face of the cooling tank, a water tank is disposed at the bottom of the cooling tank, a shower head is disposed above the cooling coil in the cooling tank, the water tank is communicated with the shower head through a spraying pipeline, and the spraying pipeline is further provided with a first water pump.

3. The water chilling unit according to claim 2, wherein a negative pressure device is arranged at an air inlet of the cooling device, the negative pressure device comprises an L-shaped bent pipe, an annular baffle, a sealing ball and a return spring are arranged inside the L-shaped bent pipe, the periphery of the annular baffle is welded on the inner wall of the L-shaped bent pipe, one end of the return spring is fixed below the sealing ball, and the other end of the return spring is fixed at the bottom of the inner wall of the L-shaped bent pipe; the sealing ball is pressed against the center of the annular baffle under the action of the return spring.

4. The water chilling unit according to claim 2, wherein a second water pump is provided on the cooling water pipe, and both ends of the second water pump are communicated with the cooling coil in the cooling device.

5. The water chilling unit according to claim 1, wherein the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of the high temperature radiating pipe are provided with temperature sensors.

6. The water chilling unit according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the heating device includes a burner that communicates with the outside natural gas through a gas pipe.

7. The water chilling unit according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein an end of the water outlet pipe away from the high temperature heat dissipation pipe is communicated with the water inlet pipe, the water inlet pipe is provided with a third water pump, and the water inlet pipe is further provided with a liquid supplementing port.