CN110985143A - Organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder - Google Patents
Organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110985143A CN110985143A CN201911366398.XA CN201911366398A CN110985143A CN 110985143 A CN110985143 A CN 110985143A CN 201911366398 A CN201911366398 A CN 201911366398A CN 110985143 A CN110985143 A CN 110985143A
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- cylinder
- turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/26—Double casings; Measures against temperature strain in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/30—Exhaust heads, chambers, or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder, which comprises: the turbine exhaust device comprises an inner layer cylinder, an outer layer cylinder and an exhaust pipeline communicating pipe, wherein a cylinder interlayer is arranged between the inner layer cylinder and the outer layer cylinder, the cylinder interlayer is communicated with a turbine exhaust port, turbine exhaust can enter the cylinder interlayer, the inlet end of the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe is communicated with the cylinder interlayer, and the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe can exhaust turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer to the outside of the cylinder interlayer, so that the flow of the turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer is maintained. The double-layer cylinder structure is adopted, and turbine exhaust steam is introduced into the cylinder interlayer between the inner-layer cylinder and the outer-layer cylinder, so that the heat exchange thermal resistance between the external environment and working gas in the inner-layer cylinder is improved, the heat insulation layer is realized, the heat transfer temperature difference between the inner-layer cylinder and the external environment and the heat loss outside the turbine can be effectively reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cylinders, in particular to an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder.
Background
The organic working medium centripetal turbine (namely, the centripetal turbine) can effectively utilize gas at 70-200 ℃ to do work through expansion, and because the organic working medium centripetal turbine utilizes a low-temperature heat source, although the temperature of the gas is not high, the cylinder wall is a single-layer cylinder and is made of metal materials, obvious heat exchange can be still generated between the organic working medium centripetal turbine and the external environment, so that the gas with lower energy grade generates heat dissipation loss in the process of not doing work or doing work, and the working capacity of the gas is weakened, wherein the higher the temperature is, the higher the energy grade is, the lower the temperature is, and the lower the energy grade is, and when the temperature is consistent with the environmental temperature, the energy has no heat utilization value.
Therefore, how to provide a feasible turbine cylinder heat preservation measure becomes a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention discloses an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder, which is used for realizing heat preservation of the turbine cylinder, effectively reducing the heat transfer temperature difference between an inner cylinder and the external environment, and effectively reducing the external heat dissipation loss of a turbine.
An organic working medium radial inflow turbine cylinder, comprising: the inner layer cylinder, the outer layer cylinder and the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe;
a cylinder interlayer is arranged between the inner layer cylinder and the outer layer cylinder, and the cylinder interlayer is communicated with a turbine exhaust port and can enable turbine exhaust to enter the cylinder interlayer;
the inlet end of the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe is communicated with the cylinder interlayer, and the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe is used for discharging turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer to the outside of the cylinder interlayer.
Preferably, the inner layer cylinder and the outer layer cylinder are cylinder bodies made of different materials.
From the above technical solution, the present invention discloses an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder, comprising: the turbine exhaust device comprises an inner layer cylinder, an outer layer cylinder and an exhaust pipeline communicating pipe, wherein a cylinder interlayer is arranged between the inner layer cylinder and the outer layer cylinder, the cylinder interlayer is communicated with a turbine exhaust port, turbine exhaust can enter the cylinder interlayer, the inlet end of the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe is communicated with the cylinder interlayer, and the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe can exhaust turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer to the outside of the cylinder interlayer, so that the flow of the turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer is maintained. The double-layer cylinder structure is adopted, and turbine exhaust steam is introduced into the cylinder interlayer between the inner-layer cylinder and the outer-layer cylinder, so that the heat exchange thermal resistance between the external environment and working gas in the inner-layer cylinder is improved, the heat insulation layer is realized, the heat transfer temperature difference between the inner-layer cylinder and the external environment and the heat loss outside the turbine can be effectively reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the disclosed drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder disclosed in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For ease of understanding, some terms referred to in this application will now be explained, in particular as follows:
organic working medium: organic, for the purposes of this application, are halogenated hydrocarbon and alkane refrigerants. Such as: r123, R245fa, butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane, and the like.
Organic Rankine cycle: the method is characterized in that low-boiling organic working medium absorbs heat from a heat source with lower temperature in an evaporator to vaporize the organic working medium, steam works in a turbine, the turbine drives a generator to generate electricity, turbine exhaust steam (namely, exhaust working medium) enters a condenser to release heat to become liquid, and the liquid working medium is boosted by a working medium pump to enter the evaporator to absorb heat again to form circulation.
Turbine: also known as steam turbines, are composed of a stationary blade cascade (nozzle cascade) and a moving blade cascade. In which the performance of the stationary blade cascade has a decisive influence on the steam turbine.
Radial inflow turbines are also referred to as radial axial turbines.
The organic Rankine cycle technology can be effectively applied to recycling of low-temperature (less than 200 ℃) heat sources, such as solar thermal power generation, geothermal power generation, industrial waste heat power generation and the like. In the aspect of surface characteristics, the organic Rankine cycle technology utilizes low-boiling-point organic working media which are easy to vaporize to absorb heat from a low-temperature (less than 200 ℃) heat source, so that the heat is totally vaporized into gas, and then the gas enters an expansion machine to apply work to drive a generator to rotate and generate electricity. An expander is a device for converting heat energy into mechanical energy, and is functionally identical to a gasoline and diesel engine, but has different structures and specific processes. Therefore, the organic working medium expander is one of the key points of the organic Rankine cycle technology, is more in types, and is most commonly used as a centripetal turbine at present.
The existing organic working medium centripetal turbine is a single-layer cylinder centripetal turbine, and the cylinder wall is made of metal materials, so that obvious heat exchange can be generated between the organic working medium centripetal turbine and the external environment, and therefore, the gas with lower energy grade generates heat dissipation loss when no work is applied or in the work applying process, and the working capacity of the gas is weakened.
Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention discloses an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder, which is used for realizing the heat preservation of the turbine cylinder, effectively reducing the heat transfer temperature difference between an inner cylinder and the external environment and the external heat dissipation loss of a turbine, and improving the energy conversion efficiency.
Referring to fig. 1, a cross-sectional view of an organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder disclosed by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 1, wherein a nozzle 11, a movable vane 12 and a cylinder are shown;
wherein:
the nozzle 11 refers to: the steam flow channel formed by two blades with certain bending (consistent bending degree) has the function of accelerating airflow with certain pressure and temperature to enable high-speed airflow to impact the movable blade to rotate and do work; the speed of the air flow at the outlet of the nozzle of the organic working medium turbine usually exceeds the sonic speed (the sonic speed is the sonic speed of the organic working medium, generally more than one hundred meters per second and lower than the sonic speed in the air); the turbine does not rotate when working; one blade is called a stationary blade or a nozzle blade, a steam flow passage between two blades is called a nozzle, and a circle (one circle) of blades is called a nozzle cascade or a stationary blade cascade.
The moving blade 12: one blade is called a movable blade, a steam flow channel between two blades is called a movable blade steam flow channel, and one circle of blades is called a movable blade grid; the movable vane is installed on the pivot, and the high-speed air current that the nozzle flows out strikes the movable vane, and the movable vane drives the pivot rotation, accomplishes the air current kinetic energy and transmits to pivot mechanical energy.
A cylinder: the function and function of the engine are basically equal to those of a cylinder of an automobile engine, and the engine is a metal shell with certain shape and rigidity, and the shell covers the moving part inside so that the moving part operates according to the design.
The invention is to improve the cylinder, which comprises the following concrete steps:
the organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder includes:
an inner cylinder 13, an outer cylinder 14 and an exhaust pipe communicating pipe 15;
a cylinder interlayer 16 is arranged between the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 14, and the cylinder interlayer 16 is communicated with a turbine exhaust port and can enable turbine exhaust to enter the cylinder interlayer 16;
the inlet end of the exhaust pipe communicating pipe 15 communicates with the cylinder sandwich 16, and the exhaust pipe communicating pipe 15 is used for discharging the turbine exhaust gas in the cylinder sandwich 16 to the outside of the cylinder sandwich 16.
The invention aims at an organic working medium centripetal turbo expander, a common single-layer cylinder structure is changed into a double-layer cylinder structure, a small part of turbine exhaust gas enters a cylinder interlayer 16 in the actual operation of an expanding agent, and the temperature of most of organic working medium at a turbine exhaust port is higher than the ambient temperature, which is generally 40-70 ℃ due to the characteristics of the organic working medium, so the turbine exhaust gas entering the cylinder interlayer 16 can effectively reduce the temperature difference between the internal and external heat exchanges of the turbine of the original single-layer cylinder structure. The turbine exhaust enters the cylinder interlayer 16 and is in a slow flowing state, the flowing state of the turbine exhaust can be maintained through the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe 15, specifically, the turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer 16 is discharged out of the cylinder interlayer 16 through the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe 15, specifically, the turbine exhaust can be discharged to a condenser for condensation and heat release, and therefore the turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer 16 flows.
Although the turbine exhaust has certain heat, the actual utilization degree is low, and the heat loss outside the turbine can be effectively reduced by utilizing the part of the exhaust heat, so that the energy conversion efficiency is improved. Although the heat is not directly recovered in the application, the heat loss is replaced by the traditional heat loss, namely the heat loss of the working steam is reduced through exhaust.
In summary, the turbine exhaust steam is introduced into the cylinder interlayer 16 between the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 14 by adopting the double-layer cylinder structure, so that the heat exchange thermal resistance between the external environment and the working gas in the inner cylinder 13 is improved, the heat insulation layer is realized, the heat transfer temperature difference between the inner cylinder 13 and the external environment and the heat loss outside the turbine can be effectively reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is improved.
In addition, compared with the traditional scheme that the heat-insulating layer is directly covered on the original single-layer cylinder, the invention has the following advantages compared with the method that the heat-insulating layer is directly covered:
the insulating layer is covered by a material which can radiate heat very slowly from the perspective of heat transfer, and the power of heat radiation or heat exchange depends on two factors: for the turbine, the heat exchange thermal resistance comes from the thickness and the material of the cylinder wall, when the cylinder wall and the heat-insulating layer are determined to be completely installed, the heat exchange thermal resistance is a fixed value, the larger the temperature difference between the inner heat exchange and the outer heat exchange of the turbine is, the larger the heat dissipation loss is, and if the heat-insulating layer is thickened (the thermal resistance is increased), the surface area of the heat-insulating layer surrounding the turbine is increased, so that the heat exchange is further increased; if the double-layer cylinder structure is adopted, the two aspects of increasing the thermal resistance and reducing the heat exchange temperature difference are substantially started at the same time, for the double-layer cylinder structure, the temperature difference between the two sides of the inner-layer cylinder 13 and the outer-layer cylinder 14 is less than the heat exchange temperature difference of the original single-layer cylinder, and if the inner-layer cylinder 13 and the outer-layer cylinder 14 made of different materials are adopted, the effect of increasing the thermal resistance can be easily achieved.
Preferably, the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 14 can be made of different materials, so as to achieve the purpose of saving materials and providing economy.
Further, the cylinder walls of the inner cylinder 13 and the outer cylinder 14 of the double-cylinder turbine can be made thinner than the single-cylinder turbine, which can save some material cost.
Finally, it should also be noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (2)
1. An organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder is characterized by comprising: the inner layer cylinder, the outer layer cylinder and the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe;
a cylinder interlayer is arranged between the inner layer cylinder and the outer layer cylinder, and the cylinder interlayer is communicated with a turbine exhaust port and can enable turbine exhaust to enter the cylinder interlayer;
the inlet end of the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe is communicated with the cylinder interlayer, and the exhaust pipeline communicating pipe is used for discharging turbine exhaust in the cylinder interlayer to the outside of the cylinder interlayer.
2. The organic working medium radial turbine cylinder according to claim 1, wherein the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are made of different materials.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911366398.XA CN110985143A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder |
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| CN201911366398.XA CN110985143A (en) | 2019-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Organic working medium centripetal turbine cylinder |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3012415A1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-27 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Turbo machine with thermal expansion control and method for operating such turbo machine |
| CN205779049U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-12-07 | 西安索能动力科技有限公司 | A kind of can the organic working medium turbo-expander of cascade utilization low temperature exhaust heat |
| CN205779031U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-12-07 | 西安索能动力科技有限公司 | A kind of organic rankine cycle system axial exhaust axial-flow expansion turbine |
| CN206860242U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-01-09 | 北京全三维能源科技股份有限公司 | Heat-insulated closure assembly and the super-pressure reheating turbine for including it |
-
2019
- 2019-12-26 CN CN201911366398.XA patent/CN110985143A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3012415A1 (en) * | 2014-10-20 | 2016-04-27 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Turbo machine with thermal expansion control and method for operating such turbo machine |
| CN205779049U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-12-07 | 西安索能动力科技有限公司 | A kind of can the organic working medium turbo-expander of cascade utilization low temperature exhaust heat |
| CN205779031U (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-12-07 | 西安索能动力科技有限公司 | A kind of organic rankine cycle system axial exhaust axial-flow expansion turbine |
| CN206860242U (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-01-09 | 北京全三维能源科技股份有限公司 | Heat-insulated closure assembly and the super-pressure reheating turbine for including it |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |
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