CN110984961A - Two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device and method thereof - Google Patents
Two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
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Abstract
The invention relates to a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device and a method thereof, belonging to the field of oil and gas exploitation. The invention can simulate the temperature distribution of the gas-water co-production horizontal well during production under different lithological characters, rock parameters and reservoir pressure, thereby finding out the influence law of the rock parameters and the gas-water ratio distribution on the temperature profile of the two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well, separating gas and liquid through a heating furnace and a condensing tube, then re-entering the intermediate container under the action of a booster pump, controlling the outflow and inflow of the fluid in the closed chamber to be equal by utilizing a flow control valve, so that the gas and water are recycled, opening the lower end cover by clockwise rotating a core rotating disk by the core holder, thereby completing the opening of the core holder once, and closing the core holder by counterclockwise rotating, and greatly improving the working efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas exploitation, and particularly relates to a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device and a method thereof.
Background
At present, horizontal wells are widely used in oil and gas field development at home and abroad. Due to the influences of pressure drop, heterogeneity, bottom water content and the like in the stratum, the horizontal well output section is uneven in distribution and large in difference, and therefore the measurement difficulty is large. With the development of measurement technology, distributed optical fiber temperature measurement (DTS) is gradually introduced into oil and gas well tests at home and abroad, the technology can provide continuous, real-time and accurate bottom hole temperature and pressure data of a horizontal well, and the bottom hole flow condition can be known by explaining the data. However, for horizontal wells, the temperature profile distribution is affected by many factors including gas-water ratio, permeability, and pressure, and therefore, it is important to correctly interpret the temperature test data for horizontal well production profile interpretation.
For the study of the temperature profile, scholars at home and abroad carry out a great deal of research, and Yoshioka et al establish a temperature model to simulate the temperature and the pressure distribution of a shaft of a horizontal well in an oil reservoir. Duru and Horne, Sui established a thermal model for the unsteady flow of wellbores and reservoirs primarily in a vertical well. Muradov and Davies propose a horizontal well unsteady state analytic temperature model in single-phase fluid production. Zhu et al, Zhu changed and established an oil-water two-phase temperature prediction model to predict the temperature distribution of the horizontal well, and the model is successfully applied to the interpretation of the inflow profile according to the temperature distribution measurement.
In summary, most of the researchers are currently developing theoretical researches on temperature models. But is also limited by the idealized assumptions, making it a difficult problem to interpret the yield profile based on DTS data.
Therefore, it is particularly necessary to establish a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device and a method thereof for researching the relationship between the horizontal well temperature profile and the gas-water ratio and rock parameter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device to make up for the defects of the prior art and theoretical research.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device comprises: the device comprises a raw material gas bottle, a valve, a booster pump, a one-way valve, a gas supply pipeline, a liquid supply pipeline, a flow control valve, a gas flowmeter, a liquid flowmeter, a raw material liquid bottle, an intermediate container, a sealing chamber, a pressure gauge, a differential pressure sensor, a rock core holder, a rock core rotating disk, a three-way valve, a simulation shaft, a temperature sensing optical fiber, a laser light source, a signal receiver, a heating furnace, a condenser pipe, an exhaust pipeline and a drainage pipeline.
The middle container controls the gas flow and the liquid flow entering the middle container by adjusting the flow control valve, so that different sealing chambers in the middle container have different pressures and different gas-water ratios, cores (such as carbonate rock, sandstone, shale and the like) with different lithologies can be placed in the core holder, and the temperature profiles of a plurality of groups of permeability schemes of the horizontal well under different pressures and gas-water ratios under various lithologies are simulated.
In order to convert water in a gas-water mixture into water vapor, the water vapor can be liquefied into water beads after passing through a condensing tube with enough length, the gas flows into a booster pump from an exhaust pipeline due to low density and high flow speed, the gas enters an intermediate container from a one-way valve and a pressure regulating valve under the action of the booster pump, liquid flowing out of a liquid discharge pipeline is pumped into the intermediate container from the booster pump, during the pumping, the gas flow and the liquid flow flowing out of each core holder need to be determined, the gas flow and the liquid flow initially entering a single closed chamber in the intermediate container are respectively Qg, Qw and P1, after the time is t and before the gas and the liquid are not returned to the intermediate container, the pressure of the intermediate container is observed to be reduced to be P11, and the pressure is determined by an initial gas state equation (1):
P1V1＝Zn1RT (1)
in the formula: p1 — initial intermediate vessel gas pressure, atm;
v1 — seal chamber volume, L;
n 1-amount of initial gaseous species, mol/L;
t-temperature, K;
r-common modulus, 8.314J-1.k-1；
Z-coefficient of variation;
equation of state before gas and liquid return
P11V1＝Zn11RT (2)
In the formula: p11 — gas pressure of the intermediate vessel after time t, atm;
v1 — seal chamber volume, L;
n 11-amount of gaseous substance in the intermediate container after time t, mol/L;
t-temperature, K;
r-common modulus, 8.314J-1.k-1；
From equations (1), (2) the gas flow can be determined
Qg1＝(n1-n11)*22.4/t (3)
In the formula: qg 1-gas flow out of the intermediate container, ml/min;
n 1-amount of initial gaseous species, mol/L;
n 11-amount of gaseous substance in the intermediate container after time t, mol/L;
t is experimental time, min;
the liquid flow rate is:
in the formula: qg 1-gas flow out of the intermediate container, ml/min;
qg-initial gas flow, ml/min;
qw 1-flow rate of liquid from intermediate container, ml/min;
qw-initial liquid flow, ml/min;
after the gas flow and the liquid flow are determined, the flow entering the intermediate container is consistent with the consumed flow by adjusting the flow control valve, the recycling of the gas and the liquid fluid is completed, and the phenomenon that the gas-water ratio in the intermediate container is changed due to the inflow and outflow of the fluid to influence the experiment is avoided.
The rock core holder comprises an ejector rod, an upper plug, a compression bow, an upper end cover, an upper stop plug, a barrel, a confining pressure chamber, a liquid inlet, a lower stop plug, a lower end cover and a torque rod.
The method for simulating the experiment device of the temperature of the two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well comprises the following specific steps:
(1) rotating the core rotating disc clockwise, opening the core holder, assembling cores with different permeabilities in the core holder, rotating the core holder anticlockwise, connecting all experimental devices, and starting the experiment, wherein the experiment time is 5 min;
(2) measuring the temperature and the differential pressure at the rock core through a signal receiver and a differential pressure sensor in a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor (DTS), and recording and storing data in a test system after the temperature and differential pressure data are stable;
(3) opening a raw material gas bottle and a raw material liquid bottle, respectively pressing gas and water into an intermediate container under the action of pressurization treatment and a flow control valve of a booster pump, recording the flow rates of the gas flow meter and the liquid flow meter, namely Qg1, Qg2, Qg3, Qg4, water flow rate Qw1, Qw2, Qw3 and Qw4 of the gas and water entering the intermediate container, determining the gas-water ratio of each sealing chamber in the intermediate container, wherein the pressure in each sealing chamber in the intermediate container is P1, P2, P3 and P4;
(4) opening the heating furnace and the condensing pipe, gasifying water into vapor after the gas-water mixture passes through the heating furnace, then cooling the vapor by the condensing pipe, wherein the condensing pipe is long enough, the vapor is gasified into water drops after the gas is fully condensed, the water drops move downwards to the container under the action of gravity, and the gas can flow out from the top of the container due to low density and high flow rate;
(5) calculating the flow rates of gas and liquid, recording the pressure of each sealing chamber in the intermediate container in real time by a pressure gauge, gradually reducing the pressure when one cycle is completed, recording the pressure as P11, P22, P33 and P44, calculating the gas flow rate by using a gas state equation, and calculating the flow rate of water by using a gas-water ratio under the known gas flow rate;
(6) the water and gas from the condenser pipe respectively flow into the booster pump again through the exhaust and drainage pipelines to flow into the intermediate container, so as to complete the recycling of the gas and the water, and the flow control valve is adjusted according to the water-gas ratio consumed by each intermediate container, so that the front flow and the rear flow can not be changed, and the experimental conditions are kept consistent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device according to the present invention.
In the figure: the system comprises a raw material gas cylinder 1, a raw material valve 2, a booster pump 3, a one-way valve 4, a gas supply pipeline 5, a liquid supply pipeline 6, a flow control valve 7, a gas flowmeter 8, a liquid flowmeter 9, a raw material liquid bottle 10, an intermediate container 11, a sealing chamber 12, a pressure gauge 13, a differential pressure sensor 14, a core holder 15, a core rotating disc 16, a three-way valve 17, a simulated shaft 18, a temperature sensing optical fiber 19, a laser light source 20, a signal receiver 21, a heating furnace 22, a condenser 23, a gas exhaust pipeline 24 and a water exhaust pipeline 25.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a core holder according to the present invention.
In the figure: 151-ejector rod, 152-upper plug, 153-compaction bow, 154-upper end cover, 155-upper stop plug, 156-cylinder, 157-confining chamber, 158-liquid inlet, 159-lower stop plug, 160-lower end cover, 161-torque rod, 162-core, 163-lower plug and 164-air inlet.
Detailed Description
Example 1
An indoor simulation experiment device for a temperature profile of a two-phase gas reservoir fracturing horizontal well is shown in figure 1 and comprises a raw material gas cylinder 1, a valve 2, a booster pump 3, a one-way valve 4, a gas supply pipeline 5, a liquid supply pipeline 6, a flow control valve 7, a gas flowmeter 8, a liquid flowmeter 9, a raw material liquid bottle 10, an intermediate container 11, a sealing chamber 12, a pressure gauge 13, a differential pressure sensor 14, a rock core holder 15, a rock core rotating disc 16, a three-way valve 17, a simulation shaft 18, a temperature sensing optical fiber 19, a laser light source 20, a signal receiver 21, a heating furnace 22, a condensing pipe 23, an exhaust pipeline 24 and a drainage pipeline 25.
The middle container 11 adjusts the flow control valve 7 to control the gas flow and the liquid flow entering the middle container, so that different sealing chambers 12 in the middle container have different pressures and different gas-water ratios, cores (such as carbonate rock, sandstone, shale and the like) with different lithologies can be placed in the core holder 15, and temperature profiles of multiple groups of permeability schemes of the horizontal well under different pressures and gas-water ratios under various lithologies can be simulated.
In order to convert water in the gas-water mixture into water vapor, the water vapor is liquefied into water droplets after passing through a condenser 23 with a sufficient length, the gas flows into the booster pump 3 from the exhaust pipe 24 due to low density and high flow rate, the gas enters the intermediate container 11 from the check valve and the pressure regulating valve under the action of the booster pump, the liquid flowing out of the liquid discharge pipe 25 is pumped into the intermediate container 11 from the booster pump 3, during the pumping, the gas flow and the liquid flow flowing out of each core holder 15 need to be determined, the gas flow initially entering a single closed chamber in the intermediate container is Qg, the liquid flow is Qw, the pressure is P1, after time t, before the gas and the liquid return to the intermediate container, the pressure of the intermediate container is observed to be reduced to P11, which is determined by an initial gas state equation (1):
P1V1＝Zn1RT (1)
in the formula: p1 — initial intermediate vessel gas pressure, atm;
v1 — seal chamber volume, L;
n 1-amount of initial gaseous species, mol/L;
t-temperature, K;
r-common modulus, 8.314J-1.k-1；
Z-coefficient of variation;
equation of state before gas and liquid return
P11V1＝Zn11RT (2)
In the formula: p11 — gas pressure of the intermediate vessel after time t, atm;
v1 — seal chamber volume, L;
n 11-amount of gaseous substance in the intermediate container after time t, mol/L;
t-temperature, K;
r-common modulus, 8.314J-1.k-1；
From equations (1), (2) the gas flow can be determined
Qg1＝(n1-n11)*22.4/t (3)
In the formula: qg 1-gas flow out of the intermediate container, ml/min;
n 1-amount of initial gaseous species, mol/L;
n 11-amount of gaseous substance in the intermediate container after time t, mol/L;
t is experimental time, min;
the liquid flow rate is:
in the formula: qg 1-gas flow out of the intermediate container, ml/min;
qg-initial gas flow, ml/min;
qw 1-flow rate of liquid from intermediate container, ml/min;
qw-initial liquid flow, ml/min;
after the gas flow and the liquid flow are determined, the flow entering the intermediate container is consistent with the consumed flow by adjusting the flow control valve, the recycling of the gas and the liquid fluid is completed, and the phenomenon that the gas-water ratio in the intermediate container is changed due to the inflow and outflow of the fluid to influence the experiment is avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, the core holder includes a top rod 151, an upper plug 152, a compression bow 153, an upper end cover 154, an upper stop plug 155, a cylinder 156, a confining pressure chamber 157, a liquid inlet 158, a lower stop plug 159, a lower end cover 160, a torque rod 161, a core 162, a lower plug 163 and an air inlet 164, and by rotating the core rotating disk 16 clockwise, the torque rod 161 is connected to rotate clockwise, so that the lower end cover rotates clockwise, the core holder 15 is opened, the core 162 is put in, and all the core holders can be opened or closed in one rotation, so that the operation is convenient and fast.
Example 2
Embodiment 1 provides a method for simulating an experimental apparatus for a two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) rotating the core rotating disc 16 clockwise, opening the core holder 15, assembling cores 162 with different permeabilities in the core holder 15, rotating the core holder counterclockwise to close the core holder, connecting the experimental devices, and starting the experiment, wherein the experimental time is 5 min;
(2) measuring the temperature and the differential pressure at the rock core through a signal receiver 21 and a differential pressure sensor 14 in a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor (DTS), and recording and storing data in a test system after the temperature and differential pressure data are stable;
(3) opening the raw material gas bottle 1 and the raw material liquid bottle 10, respectively pressing gas and water into an intermediate container 11 under the action of pressurization treatment of a booster pump 3 and a flow control valve 7, recording the flow rates of the gas, Qg1, Qg2, Qg3 and Qg4, water flow rates, Qw1, Qw2, Qw3 and Qw4 of the entering gas by a gas flow meter 8 and a liquid flow meter 9, determining the gas-water ratio of each sealing chamber 12 in the intermediate container, and determining the pressure in each sealing chamber in the intermediate container to be P1, P2, P3 and P4;
(4) the heating furnace 22 and the condensing pipe 23 are opened, water can be gasified into water vapor after the gas-water mixture passes through the heating furnace, then the water vapor passes through the condensing pipe, the condensing pipe is long enough, the gas is fully condensed, the water vapor is gasified into water drops, the water drops move downwards to the container under the action of gravity, and the gas can be discharged from the top of the container due to low density and high flow rate;
(5) calculating the flow rates of gas and liquid, recording the pressure of each sealing chamber 12 in the intermediate container in real time by a pressure gauge 13, gradually reducing the pressure of each sealing chamber when completing one cycle, recording the pressure as P11, P22, P33 and P44, calculating the gas flow rate by a gas state equation, and calculating the flow rate of water by a gas-water ratio under the known gas flow rate;
(6) the water and gas from the condenser 23 flow into the booster pump 3 again through the exhaust 24 and the drain line 25 to flow into the intermediate container 11, completing the recycling of the gas and water, and the flow control valve 7 is adjusted according to the water-gas ratio consumed by each intermediate container, so that the front and rear flow rates are not changed, and the experimental conditions are kept consistent.
Claims (5)
1. A two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device and a method thereof are characterized in that the two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device comprises: the device comprises a raw material gas bottle 1, a valve 2, a booster pump 3, a one-way valve 4, a gas supply pipeline 5, a liquid supply pipeline 6, a flow control valve 7, a gas flowmeter 8, a liquid flowmeter 9, a raw material liquid bottle 10, an intermediate container 11, a sealing chamber 12, a pressure gauge 13, a differential pressure sensor 14, a core holder 15, a core rotating disc 16, a three-way valve 17, a simulation shaft 18, a temperature sensing optical fiber 19, a laser light source 20, a signal receiver 21, a heating furnace 22, a condensing pipe 23, a gas exhaust pipeline 24 and a water exhaust pipeline 25.
2. The two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the intermediate container 11 is used for adjusting the flow control valve 7 to control the gas flow and the liquid flow entering the intermediate container, so that different seal chambers 12 in the intermediate container have different pressures and different gas-water ratios, cores (such as carbonate rock, sandstone, shale and the like) with different lithologies can be placed in the core holder 15, and temperature profiles of multiple groups of permeability schemes of the horizontal well under different pressures and gas-water ratios under various lithologies are simulated.
3. The two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the heating furnace 22 is configured to liquefy water vapor in a gas-water mixture into water vapor after passing through the condensation pipe 23 with a sufficient length, the water vapor is liquefied into water droplets, the gas flows into the booster pump 3 from the exhaust pipe 24 due to low density and high flow rate, the gas enters the intermediate container 11 from the one-way valve and the pressure regulating valve under the action of the booster pump, the liquid flowing out from the liquid discharge pipe 25 is pumped into the intermediate container 11 from the booster pump 3, during the pumping, the gas flow and the liquid flow flowing out from each core holder 15 are determined, the gas flow initially entering the single closed chamber of the intermediate container is Qg, the liquid flow is Qw, the pressure is P1, after the time t, before the gas and the liquid return to the intermediate container, the pressure of the intermediate container is observed to drop to P11, from the initial gas state equation (1):
P1V1＝Zn1RT (1)
in the formula: p1 — initial intermediate vessel gas pressure, atm;
v1 — seal chamber volume, L;
n 1-amount of initial gaseous species, mol/L;
t-temperature, K;
r-common modulus, 8.314J-1.k-1；
Z-coefficient of variation;
equation of state before gas and liquid return
P11V1＝Zn11RT (2)
In the formula: p11 — gas pressure of the intermediate vessel after time t, atm;
v1 — seal chamber volume, L;
n 11-amount of gaseous substance in the intermediate container after time t, mol/L;
t-temperature, K;
r-common modulus, 8.314J-1.k-1；
Z-coefficient of variation;
from equations (1), (2) the gas flow can be determined
Qg1＝(n1-n11)*22.4/t (3)
In the formula: qg 1-gas flow out of the intermediate container, ml/min;
n 1-amount of initial gaseous species, mol/L;
n 11-amount of gaseous substance in the intermediate container after time t, mol/L;
t is experimental time, min;
the liquid flow rate is:
in the formula: qg 1-gas flow out of the intermediate container, ml/min;
qg-initial gas flow, ml/min;
qw 1-flow rate of liquid from intermediate container, ml/min;
qw-initial liquid flow, ml/min;
after the gas flow and the liquid flow are determined, the flow entering the intermediate container is consistent with the consumed flow by adjusting the flow control valve, the recycling of the gas and the liquid fluid is completed, and the phenomenon that the gas-water ratio in the intermediate container is changed due to the inflow and outflow of the fluid to influence the experiment is avoided.
4. The two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well temperature simulation experiment device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the core holder comprises a top rod 151, an upper plug 152, a compression bow 153, an upper end cover 154, an upper stop plug 155, a cylinder 156, a confining pressure chamber 157, a liquid inlet 158, a lower stop plug 159, a lower end cover 160, a torque rod 161, a core 162, a lower plug 163 and a gas inlet 164, the core rotating disc 16 is rotated clockwise, the torque rod 161 is connected to rotate clockwise, the lower end cover is driven to rotate clockwise, the core holder 15 is opened, the core 162 is placed in, the core holder is closed by rotating counterclockwise, and all the core holders can be opened or closed by rotating in one step, so that the operation is convenient and rapid.
5. The method for simulating the experiment device of the temperature of the two-phase gas reservoir horizontal well according to the claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) rotating the core rotating disc 16 clockwise, opening the core holder 15, assembling cores 162 with different permeabilities in the core holder 15, rotating the core holder counterclockwise to close the core holder, connecting the experimental devices, and starting the experiment, wherein the experimental time is 5 min;
(2) measuring the temperature and the differential pressure at the rock core through a signal receiver 21 and a differential pressure sensor 14 in a distributed optical fiber temperature sensor (DTS), and recording and storing data in a test system after the temperature and differential pressure data are stable;
(3) opening the raw material gas bottle 1 and the raw material liquid bottle 10, respectively pressing gas and water into an intermediate container 11 under the action of pressurization treatment of a booster pump 3 and a flow control valve 7, recording the flow rates of the gas, Qg1, Qg2, Qg3 and Qg4, water flow rates, Qw1, Qw2, Qw3 and Qw4 of the entering gas by a gas flow meter 8 and a liquid flow meter 9, determining the gas-water ratio of each sealing chamber 12 in the intermediate container, and determining the pressure in each sealing chamber in the intermediate container to be P1, P2, P3 and P4;
(4) the heating furnace 22 and the condensing pipe 23 are opened, water can be gasified into water vapor after the gas-water mixture passes through the heating furnace, then the water vapor passes through the condensing pipe, the condensing pipe is long enough, the gas is fully condensed, the water vapor is gasified into water drops, the water drops move downwards to the container under the action of gravity, and the gas can be discharged from the top of the container due to low density and high flow rate;
(5) calculating the flow of gas and liquid, recording the pressure of each sealing chamber 12 in the intermediate container in real time by a pressure gauge 13, gradually reducing the pressure when completing one cycle, recording the pressure as P11, P22, P33 and P44, calculating the gas flow by a gas state equation, and calculating the flow of water by a gas-water ratio under the known gas flow;
(6) the water and gas from the condenser 23 flow into the booster pump 3 again through the exhaust 24 and the drain line 25 to flow into the intermediate container 11, completing the recycling of the gas and water, and the flow control valve 7 is adjusted according to the water-gas ratio consumed by each intermediate container, so that the front and rear flow rates are not changed, and the experimental conditions are kept consistent.
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| CN111504856A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-07 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass fracture gas-liquid two-phase seepage experiment device and method |
| CN113487115A (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2021-10-08 | 长江大学 | Prediction method and system for steam flooding reservoir temperature field |
| US20230083972A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2023-03-16 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method and system for downhole steam generation using laser energy |
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