CN110983143B - PDC matrix drill bit powder formula - Google Patents
PDC matrix drill bit powder formula Download PDFInfo
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- CN110983143B CN110983143B CN201910275524.4A CN201910275524A CN110983143B CN 110983143 B CN110983143 B CN 110983143B CN 201910275524 A CN201910275524 A CN 201910275524A CN 110983143 B CN110983143 B CN 110983143B
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000020610 powder formula Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron nickel Chemical compound [Fe].[Ni] UGKDIUIOSMUOAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 24
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000599 Cr alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001182 Mo alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
- C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
Abstract
The invention discloses a PDC matrix drill bit powder formula which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32-40% of crystalline tungsten powder, 45-55% of iron-nickel powder and 13-15% of nickel powder in balance. The matrix drill bit manufactured by changing the component composition of the drill bit not only ensures that the processing technology of the drill bit matrix and the performance of the whole drill bit meet the drilling requirement, but also reduces the production cost of enterprises, obtains obvious economic benefit, meets the development requirement of the enterprises and greatly enhances the competitiveness of the enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas drill bits, in particular to a PDC matrix drill bit powder formula.
Background
PDC bits are short for polycrystalline diamond compact bits. Is a well drilling tool commonly used in the geological drilling industry. The matrix type PDC drill bit is a cutting type drill bit which welds diamond composite sheets on a drill bit matrix in a brazing mode. The drill bit matrix is formed by sintering tungsten carbide powder, and the artificial polycrystalline diamond compact is brazed on the tungsten carbide matrix and the diameter of the tungsten carbide matrix is protected by natural diamond; the steel PDC drill bit is formed by quenching and tempering nickel, chromium and molybdenum alloy steel, sampling and machining according to three-dimensional calculation. After the wear-resistant material is surfacing-welded, the artificial polycrystalline diamond compact is pressed into the drill bit body (tight fit), and the diameter is protected by columnar tungsten carbide.
The main component of the sintered matrix of the wear-resistant matrix drill bit used in petroleum geological drilling engineering is tungsten carbide, and in the production process, in order to meet the requirements of the technological process, the matrix powder is divided into two types, one type is high-strength non-machinable A powder, and the other type is relatively low-strength machinable B powder.
FIG. 1 is a sintered bit body in which the crown portion of the bit is required to have high wear resistance, and powder A is used, while the approach joint portion is machined, and powder B is used.
A. The B powder is naturally transited from bottom to top, and in the sintering and dipping process, the low-melting-point copper alloy can smoothly pass through an A.B powder interface area, and is uniformly dipped from top to bottom without forming any sintering defect in the interface area, so that the integral integrity of the strength of the matrix of the drill bit is ensured. When the next process mating is performed, the B powder portion of the bit body is cut with the mating steel core at a 45 ° conical shape (as shown in fig. 2), whereby it is seen that cuttable matrix powder B is essential in matrix bit manufacture.
At present, the formula of the B powder comprises more than 80 percent of crystalline tungsten powder, and the crystalline tungsten powder has high price, so that the manufacture cost of the matrix drill bit is high, and the expensive B powder has to be used for ensuring the processing technology of the matrix of the drill bit and the performance of the whole drill bit.
Contents of the invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that in order to ensure the processing technology of a bit matrix and the performance of an integral bit, only expensive B powder can be selected for use in the manufacturing of the traditional PDC matrix bit, so that the production cost of an enterprise is high.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the PDC matrix drill bit powder formula consists of the following components in percentage by weight:
32-40% of crystalline tungsten powder, 45-55% of iron-nickel powder and 13-15% of nickel powder in balance.
The main component of the sintered matrix of the existing wear-resistant matrix drill bit used in petroleum geological drilling engineering is tungsten carbide, and in the production process, in order to meet the requirements of the technological process, the matrix powder is divided into two types, one type is high-strength non-machinable A powder, and the other type is relatively low-strength machinable B powder. Because the crown part of the drill bit of the sintered drill bit body requires high wear resistance, powder A is adopted, and the part close to the joint does not have large contact with the rock, so that the wear resistance requirement is not high, and the part is made of powder B. Although the B powder is not in direct contact with the rock, it is still required to meet the corresponding requirements when drilling is carried out as a constituent part of the drill bit, so that the machinable matrix powder B powder is indispensable for matrix bit manufacture and cannot be replaced at will.
In the whole drill bit manufacturing industry at present, in order to meet the requirements of a drill bit matrix processing technology and the whole drill bit performance on drilling, the formula of B powder is more than 80% of crystalline tungsten powder, and the crystalline tungsten powder belongs to the coarsest specification of the tungsten powder. The crystalline tungsten powder is bright gray powder and has better fluidity, and is mainly applied to surface spraying, petroleum perforation, hard surface materials, high temperature resistant coatings, high temperature coatings sprayed on combustion chambers and other wear-resistant and high temperature resistant component coatings, and tungsten gunning of intermediate frequency furnaces. The crystalline tungsten powder is composed by a large specific gravity, the processing technology of a drill bit matrix and the performance of the whole drill bit meet the drilling requirement after sintering, but the price of the crystalline tungsten powder on the market is very high, the matrix drill bit is high in manufacturing cost due to the large proportion of the crystalline tungsten powder, and expensive B powder has to be used for ensuring the processing technology of the drill bit matrix and the performance of the whole drill bit. The method is also a difficulty encountered by current drill bit manufacturers, aims at the problem of high cost of the machinable tire body powder, and is researched and researched for many years, on the premise of not reducing the physical properties (mainly machinability and wear resistance) of the tire body, a plurality of reasonable formula tests are adopted for comparative screening, a new formula is finally selected, the proportion of the crystalline tungsten powder is reduced, a large amount of iron-nickel powder is used for replacing the crystalline tungsten powder, the iron-nickel powder refers to iron-nickel alloy powder, and the iron-nickel alloy is a low-frequency soft magnetic material with high magnetic conductivity and low coercive force in a weak magnetic field. One of the main components of the so-called iron-nickel alloy is nickel as the name implies, and the nickel content of the iron-nickel alloy is generally in the range of 30% -90%. The performance advantage of the iron-nickel alloy is that the magnetic permeability is high, and is particularly obvious under weak and medium magnetic fields. In addition, because the noble metal nickel is added, the iron-nickel alloy has extremely low coercive force and very good processing performance, and has more excellent antirust performance compared with other alloys. In addition, if the iron-nickel alloy is subjected to special processing, excellent magnetic performance can be obtained. The relative price of the iron-nickel powder is much lower than that of the crystalline tungsten powder, and the invention adopts 32-40% of the crystalline tungsten powder, 45-55% of the iron-nickel powder and 13-15% of the rest of the nickel powder. The used component materials are all the existing materials, and after the composition is prepared according to the components, the cost of the machinable matrix powder is reduced by 65 percent and the cost of the whole bit body is reduced by 35 percent on the premise of ensuring the machinable type and good sintering performance, and the composition has good effect on the premise of not changing the manufacturing process, meets the development requirements of enterprises and greatly enhances the competitiveness of the enterprises.
Further, 34-38% of crystalline tungsten powder, 49-51% of iron-nickel powder and 13-15% of the rest nickel powder are adopted. The PDC matrix powder formed according to the component ratio has the cutting performance slightly better than that of the original cut matrix after sintering and forming, the sintering process is the same as that of the original cut matrix, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, and the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cut matrix.
Preferably, 36% of the crystalline tungsten powder, 50% of the iron-nickel powder and the balance of 14% of the nickel powder are used. The components with the fixed proportion have the best effect, the cutting performance of the matrix which can be cut by the drill bit is slightly better than that of the original cut matrix according to a plurality of tests in a factory and during drilling, the sintering process of the matrix is the same as that of the original cut matrix, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cut matrix, the quality problem does not occur in the test process of a plurality of drilling projects, the manufacturing cost is obviously reduced, and obvious economic benefits are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects: the matrix drill bit manufactured by changing the component composition of the drill bit not only ensures that the processing technology of the drill bit matrix and the performance of the whole drill bit meet the drilling requirement, but also reduces the production cost of enterprises, obtains obvious economic benefit, meets the development requirement of the enterprises and greatly enhances the competitiveness of the enterprises.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a bit body structure after sintering has been completed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a bit body configuration after mating.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-bit crown, 2-adapter steel core, 3-adapter, 4-weld.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1:
FIG. 1 shows a finished sintered bit body in which the crown 1 of the bit is required to have high wear resistance using powder A and the shank is used near the joint portion using powder B of the present embodiment. A. The B powder is naturally transited from bottom to top, and in the sintering and dipping process, the low-melting-point copper alloy can smoothly pass through an A.B powder interface area, and is uniformly dipped from top to bottom without forming any sintering defect in the interface area, so that the integral integrity of the strength of the matrix of the drill bit is ensured. When the joint is matched in the next process, the B powder part of the bit body and the joint steel core 2 are cut into a 45-degree conical shape (as shown in figure 2), the joint 3 is arranged on the top surface of the joint steel core 2, and the bottom of the joint 3 is welded to generate a welding seam on the top surface of the joint steel core 2, so that the cut matrix powder B powder is essential in the manufacture of the matrix drill bit.
Aiming at the problem of high cost of machinable matrix powder, through research and research for many years, on the premise of not reducing the physical properties (mainly machinability and wear resistance) of the matrix, a plurality of reasonable formula tests are adopted for comparative screening, and a new formula is finally selected, wherein the PDC matrix drill bit powder formula in the embodiment comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
32% of crystalline tungsten powder, 55% of iron-nickel powder and the balance of 13% of nickel powder.
After sintering the components according to the embodiment, the obtained machinable tire body with the new formula has the following properties:
| bending strength | Impact strength | Hardness of | Machinability property | Sintering temperature | |
| Original formula matrix | 600MPA | 4J | 30HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
| Novel formula matrix | 630MPA | 4J | 28HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
From the table above, it can be seen that the cuttable performance of the cuttable tire body of the new formulation is consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the hardness is not affected basically, the drilling requirement can be met, the bending strength is also enhanced slightly, the impact strength and the sintering temperature are the same as those of the original process, namely the sintering process is the same as that of the original cuttable tire body, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the quality problem does not occur in the process of multiple drilling engineering tests, the manufacturing cost is reduced remarkably, and obvious economic benefit is obtained.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the PDC matrix drill bit powder formula consists of the following components in percentage by weight:
40% of crystalline tungsten powder, 45% of iron-nickel powder and the balance 15% of nickel powder.
After sintering, the components according to the embodiment are measured, and the obtained machinable tire body with the new formula is compared with the original machinable tire body in performance:
| bending strength | Impact strength | Hardness of | Machinability property | Sintering temperature | |
| Original formula matrix | 600MPA | 4J | 30HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
| Novel formula matrix | 632MPA | 4J | 29HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
From the table above, it can be seen that the cuttable performance of the cuttable tire body of the new formulation is consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the hardness is not affected basically, the drilling requirement can be met, the bending strength is also enhanced slightly, the impact strength and the sintering temperature are the same as those of the original process, namely the sintering process is the same as that of the original cuttable tire body, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the quality problem does not occur in the process of multiple drilling engineering tests, the manufacturing cost is reduced remarkably, and obvious economic benefit is obtained.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the PDC matrix drill bit powder formula consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 34% of crystalline tungsten powder, 51% of iron-nickel powder and the balance 15% of nickel powder.
After sintering, the components according to the embodiment are measured, and the obtained machinable tire body with the new formula is compared with the original machinable tire body in performance:
| bending strength | Impact strength | Hardness of | Machinability property | Sintering temperature | |
| Original formula matrix | 600MPA | 4J | 30HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
| Novel formula matrix | 635MPA | 4J | 30HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
From the table above, it can be seen that the cuttable performance of the cuttable tire body of the new formulation is consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the hardness is not affected basically, the drilling requirement can be met, the bending strength is also enhanced slightly, the impact strength and the sintering temperature are the same as those of the original process, namely the sintering process is the same as that of the original cuttable tire body, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the quality problem does not occur in the process of multiple drilling engineering tests, the manufacturing cost is reduced remarkably, and obvious economic benefit is obtained.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the PDC matrix drill bit powder formula consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 38% of crystalline tungsten powder, 49% of iron-nickel powder and the balance of 13% of nickel powder.
After sintering, the components according to the embodiment are measured, and the obtained machinable tire body with the new formula is compared with the original machinable tire body in performance:
| bending strength | Impact strength | Hardness of | Machinability property | Sintering temperature | |
| Original formula matrix | 600MPA | 4J | 30HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
| Novel formula matrix | 632MPA | 4J | 29HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
From the table above, it can be seen that the cuttable performance of the cuttable tire body of the new formulation is consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the hardness is not affected basically, the drilling requirement can be met, the bending strength is also enhanced slightly, the impact strength and the sintering temperature are the same as those of the original process, namely the sintering process is the same as that of the original cuttable tire body, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the quality problem does not occur in the process of multiple drilling engineering tests, the manufacturing cost is reduced remarkably, and obvious economic benefit is obtained.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1 except that: the PDC matrix drill bit powder formula consists of the following components in percentage by weight: 36% of crystalline tungsten powder, 50% of iron-nickel powder and the balance of 14% of nickel powder.
After sintering, the components according to the embodiment are measured, and the obtained machinable tire body with the new formula is compared with the original machinable tire body in performance:
| bending strength | Impact strength | Hardness of | Machinability property | Sintering temperature | |
| Original formula matrix | 600MPA | 4J | 30HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
| Novel formula matrix | 638MPA | 4J | 31HRC | Good effect | 1170℃ |
From the above table, it can be seen that the cuttable performance of the cuttable tire body with the new formula is consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the hardness is slightly enhanced, the drilling requirement can be still met, meanwhile, the bending strength is slightly enhanced, the impact strength and the sintering temperature are the same as those of the original process, namely, the sintering process is the same as that of the original cuttable tire body, the production and the manufacture are not difficult, the continuous performance is basically consistent with that of the original cuttable tire body, the quality problem does not occur in the process of multiple drilling engineering tests, the manufacturing cost is obviously reduced, and obvious economic benefits are obtained.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- The PDC matrix drill bit powder formula is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:36% of crystalline tungsten powder, 50% of iron-nickel powder and the balance of 14% of nickel powder; wherein the iron-nickel powder is iron-nickel alloy, and the nickel content in the iron-nickel alloy is 30-90%.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4641976A (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1987-02-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Copper-based spinodal alloy bearings |
| CN101338441A (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2009-01-07 | 兰桥昌 | Matrix for electroplating diamond products and electroplating process thereof |
| CN105364063A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-03-02 | 河北金曼金刚石钻头科技发展有限公司 | A high-strength drill bit matrix formula |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1006613B (en) * | 1987-11-28 | 1990-01-31 | 国家建筑材料工业局人工晶体研究所 | Welding-type polycrystal composite with synthetic diamond and its manufacturing method |
| EP1777313B1 (en) * | 2004-06-30 | 2012-08-01 | Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. | Ni BASE ALLOY MATERIAL TUBE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF |
| US7776256B2 (en) * | 2005-11-10 | 2010-08-17 | Baker Huges Incorporated | Earth-boring rotary drill bits and methods of manufacturing earth-boring rotary drill bits having particle-matrix composite bit bodies |
-
2019
- 2019-04-08 CN CN201910275524.4A patent/CN110983143B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4641976A (en) * | 1984-02-09 | 1987-02-10 | Smith International, Inc. | Copper-based spinodal alloy bearings |
| CN101338441A (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2009-01-07 | 兰桥昌 | Matrix for electroplating diamond products and electroplating process thereof |
| CN105364063A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-03-02 | 河北金曼金刚石钻头科技发展有限公司 | A high-strength drill bit matrix formula |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| "结晶钨粉的工艺探讨及工业化生产";德志强;《第十一次中国硬质合金学术会议论文》;20150531;第100-105页 * |
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