CN110982191A - Shape memory material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Shape memory material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110982191A CN110982191A CN201911236262.7A CN201911236262A CN110982191A CN 110982191 A CN110982191 A CN 110982191A CN 201911236262 A CN201911236262 A CN 201911236262A CN 110982191 A CN110982191 A CN 110982191A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/12—Shape memory
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Abstract
The invention discloses a shape memory material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of high polymer materials, wherein the material comprises the following raw materials: trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, acrylate rubber, a surfactant, a thermally reversible crosslinking agent, acetic acid, sodium stearate, polynorbornene, a styrene-butadiene block copolymer, dioctyl phthalate, tribasic lead sulfate, polyethylene wax, polyvinyl chloride, polylysine, silicon dioxide, a silane coupling agent, silicon oxynitride and zinc oxide. The shape memory material provided by the invention has strong self-repairing capability, high recovery rate and excellent stability, and the shape memory capability of the product prepared by the invention is unchanged along with the increase of recovery times, and the product can be repeatedly utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, in particular to a shape memory material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Shape memory materials are composite materials that exhibit at least two forms, one form being a distinct permanent shape and the other form being a temporary or fixed shape. The temporary or fixed shape forms or attenuates the most common thermal transitions, such as glass transition or melting. The temporary shape is achieved by exposing the shape memory material to an external stimulus (most commonly heat) such that the components of the shape memory material are present above their transition temperature (rubbery or molten state). Deformation in the rubbery or molten state and subsequent cooling at the transition temperature under an applied stress fixes the temporary shape by vitrification or crystallization of the rubbery or molten shape memory material component. Subsequent exposure to an external stimulus causes the shape memory material to return to the original permanent shape.
Most shape memory materials exhibit dual shape memory properties with two form factors (permanent and temporary); however, some shape memory materials have more than one temporary shape, referred to as triple shape memory. This is particularly useful for medical and aerospace applications where the ability to work in confined spaces is highly desirable. Furthermore, shape memory materials have the unique ability to be remotely activated to avoid damage to the surrounding environment during actuation and deployment. Heat, IR and UV light, electrical current, magnetic fields, chemicals and moisture contact can be the stimuli that trigger shape recovery.
A balance between the weight ratio of the memory and switching networks is necessary to produce a shape memory material with good shape fixation and good shape recovery. The high hardness segment component produces good recovery; however, the shape fixing property is affected. Therefore, there is always a compromise between shape fixation and recovery. Current shape memory polymers are typically copolymers specifically synthesized for use as shape memory materials. This requires a deep, time consuming, solvent intensive process to produce the shape memory material, after which additional solvents are typically used to cast or coat the film of shape memory material. These treatments involve the use of large amounts of flammable and toxic organic solvents, which are often expensive. Furthermore, these solvents are expensive not only in purchase but also in placement of the last part of the shape memory material processing. In many cases, solvent costs (including initial solvent purchase, solvent processing equipment, and solvent disposal equipment and processes) are significant costs for the manufacture of polymers for shape memory applications.
The copolymers used are generally based on polyurethanes, polyethers and polyesters; however, the combination of co-agglomerated masses for shape memory polymers is endless, large quantities of shape memory materials are not produced in large quantities and/or are not commercially available, resulting in expensive manufacturing processing costs.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to provide a shape memory material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a shape memory material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2-4 parts of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, 1-3 parts of acrylate rubber, 1-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-2 parts of thermally reversible cross-linking agent, 1-3 parts of acetic acid, 0.1-1.5 parts of sodium stearate, 5-15 parts of polynorbornene, 15-30 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 0.5-1 part of dioctyl phthalate, 1-3 parts of tribasic lead sulfate, 5-10 parts of polyethylene wax, 30-50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-5 parts of polylysine, 3-6 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 4-10 parts of silicon oxynitride and 0.4-1.0 part of zinc oxide.
Further, the thermal reversible cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of dicyclopentadiene carboxylic acid sodium salt, dicyclopentadiene carboxylic acid potassium salt and dicyclopentadiene derivative carboxylic acid salt.
Further, the thermal reversible cross-linking agent is sodium dicyclopentadiene diformate or/and potassium dicyclopentadiene diformate.
Furthermore, the type of the polyvinyl chloride is one or more of SG-1, SG-2, SG-3, SG-4 and SG-5.
Further, the silica is fumed silica.
Further, the surfactant is any one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecylaminopropionate.
Further, the zinc oxide is nano zinc oxide.
Further, the silane coupling agent is KH-602.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the shape memory material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting sodium stearate, adding a thermally reversible cross-linking agent, and uniformly mixing;
(2) under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding acrylate rubber, a surfactant, silicon dioxide, acetic acid, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, polylysine, octyl phthalate and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the addition interval of each is 2 min;
(3) adding the rest raw materials, mixing uniformly, and placing in a vacuum oven to remove bubbles;
(4) adding the mixture into an internal mixer, mixing the mixture in the internal mixer at the mixing temperature of 150 ℃ and 170 ℃ for 6-12 min;
(5) banburying, pulverizing, granulating, extruding at 160 deg.C under 150-.
Further, the vacuum degree in the vacuum oven in the step (3) is 10-100 Pa.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the shape memory material provided by the invention has strong self-repairing capability, high recovery rate and excellent stability, and the shape memory capability of the product prepared by the invention is unchanged along with the increase of recovery times, and the product can be repeatedly utilized. The addition of the nano zinc oxide can prolong the service life of the high polymer material and can play a certain role in antibiosis. The shape memory material has multiple rapid self-repairing performance due to the entanglement between molecular chains of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber and a styrene-butadiene block copolymer and the creeping at high temperature, and the addition of the polynorbornene not only improves the thermal shock resistance of the material, but also improves the low-temperature impact performance of the material; the dioctyl phthalate has certain plasticizing performance, is matched with silicon oxynitride for use, not only improves the elasticity and the thermal stability of the material, but also improves the wear resistance, the fatigue resistance and the aging resistance of the material.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The "parts" in the present invention are all parts by mass unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
A shape memory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
3 parts of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, 2 parts of acrylate rubber, 3 parts of surfactant, 1 part of thermally reversible cross-linking agent, 2 parts of acetic acid, 0.9 part of sodium stearate, 10 parts of polynorbornene, 23 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 0.8 part of dioctyl phthalate, 2 parts of tribasic lead sulfate, 8 parts of polyethylene wax, 40 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 3 parts of polylysine, 4 parts of silicon dioxide, 3 parts of silane coupling agent, 7 parts of silicon oxynitride and 0.7 part of zinc oxide.
The thermal reversible cross-linking agent is dicyclopentadiene sodium diformate which can react with active chlorine to cross-link the material at low temperature, so that the deformation recovery rate of the material is easily improved, and the cross-linking is released at high temperature, so that the material obtains processing fluidity again, the cyclic utilization of the cross-linked material is realized, and the energy is saved.
The thermal reversible cross-linking agent can also perform esterification reaction with acrylate rubber to generate an interpenetrating network structure, thereby further effectively playing a role in shape memory.
The polyvinyl chloride is SG-3.
The surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
The preparation method of the shape memory material comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting sodium stearate, adding a thermally reversible cross-linking agent, and uniformly mixing;
(2) under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding acrylate rubber, a surfactant, silicon dioxide, acetic acid, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, polylysine, octyl phthalate and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the addition interval of each is 2 min;
(3) adding the rest raw materials, mixing, and placing in a vacuum oven to remove bubbles with vacuum degree of 60 Pa;
(4) adding into an internal mixer, mixing in the internal mixer at 160 deg.C for 9 min;
(5) banburying, pulverizing, granulating, extruding at 155 deg.C for 4 hr, solidifying at 60 deg.C, and cooling in water.
Example 2
A shape memory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2 parts of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, 3 parts of acrylate rubber, 1 part of surfactant, 2 parts of thermally reversible cross-linking agent, 1 part of acetic acid, 1.5 parts of sodium stearate, 5 parts of polynorbornene, 30 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 0.5 part of dioctyl phthalate, 3 parts of tribasic lead sulfate, 5 parts of polyethylene wax, 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1 part of polylysine, 6 parts of silicon dioxide, 1 part of silane coupling agent, 10 parts of silicon oxynitride and 0.4 part of zinc oxide.
The thermal reversible cross-linking agent is dicyclopentadiene dimethyl potassium.
The polyvinyl chloride is SG-1.
The surfactant is cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide.
The preparation method of the shape memory material comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting sodium stearate, adding a thermally reversible cross-linking agent, and uniformly mixing;
(2) under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding acrylate rubber, a surfactant, silicon dioxide, acetic acid, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, polylysine, octyl phthalate and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the addition interval of each is 2 min;
(3) adding the rest raw materials, mixing, and placing in a vacuum oven to remove bubbles with a vacuum degree of 100 Pa;
(4) adding into an internal mixer, mixing in the internal mixer at 170 deg.C for 6 min;
(5) banburying, pulverizing, granulating, extruding at 160 deg.C in extruder, solidifying at 60 deg.C for 3 hr, and cooling in water.
Example 3
A shape memory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
4 parts of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, 1 part of acrylate rubber, 5 parts of surfactant, 0.5 part of thermally reversible crosslinking agent, 3 parts of acetic acid, 0.1 part of sodium stearate, 15 parts of polynorbornene, 15 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 1 part of dioctyl phthalate, 1 part of tribasic lead sulfate, 10 parts of polyethylene wax, 30 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 5 parts of polylysine, 3 parts of silicon dioxide, 5 parts of silane coupling agent, 4 parts of silicon oxynitride and 1.0 part of zinc oxide.
The thermal reversible cross-linking agent is dicyclopentadiene diformic acid sodium.
The polyvinyl chloride is SG-5.
The surfactant is sodium dodecyl aminopropionate.
The preparation method of the shape memory material comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting sodium stearate, adding a thermally reversible cross-linking agent, and uniformly mixing;
(2) under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding acrylate rubber, a surfactant, silicon dioxide, acetic acid, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, polylysine, octyl phthalate and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the addition interval of each is 2 min;
(3) adding the rest raw materials, mixing, and placing in a vacuum oven to remove bubbles with vacuum degree of 10 Pa;
(4) adding into an internal mixer, mixing in the internal mixer at the mixing temperature of 150 ℃ for 12 min;
(5) banburying, pulverizing, granulating, extruding at 150 deg.C in extruder, solidifying at 60 deg.C for 5 hr, and cooling in water.
Example 4
A shape memory material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
3 parts of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, 23 parts of acrylate rubber, 45 parts of surfactant, 0.7 part of thermally reversible crosslinking agent, 2 parts of acetic acid, 0.3 part of sodium stearate, 14 parts of polynorbornene, 18 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 0.9 part of dioctyl phthalate, 2 parts of tribasic lead sulfate, 6 parts of polyethylene wax, 45 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 2 parts of polylysine, 4 parts of silicon dioxide, 4 parts of silane coupling agent, 5 parts of silicon oxynitride and 0.9 part of zinc oxide.
The thermal reversible cross-linking agent is dicyclopentadiene dimethyl potassium.
The polyvinyl chloride is SG-4.
The surfactant is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
The preparation method of the shape memory material comprises the following steps:
(1) heating and melting sodium stearate, adding a thermally reversible cross-linking agent, and uniformly mixing;
(2) under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding acrylate rubber, a surfactant, silicon dioxide, acetic acid, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, polylysine, octyl phthalate and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the addition interval of each is 2 min;
(3) adding the rest raw materials, mixing, and placing in a vacuum oven to remove bubbles with vacuum degree of 30 Pa;
(4) adding into an internal mixer, mixing in the internal mixer at the mixing temperature of 155 ℃ for 10 min;
(5) banburying, pulverizing, granulating, extruding at 150 deg.C in extruder, solidifying at 60 deg.C for 4 hr, and cooling in water.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that a thermoreversible crosslinking agent is not added.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that polylysine was not added.
Test examples
The materials described in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were formed into a sheet, bent into a U-shape, and then tested for deformation at 60 ℃ to obtain the results shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Shape recovery rate% | A fixed rate of% | Tensile strength, MPa | Recovery time, s | |
Example 1 | 100% | 95% | 25 | 1 |
Example 2 | 99.5% | 90% | 23 | 2 |
Example 3 | 98% | 93% | 22 | 1 |
Example 4 | 95% | 89% | 23 | 1 |
Comparative example 1 | 79% | 72% | 13 | 4 |
Comparative example 2 | 76% | 75% | 15 | 5 |
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The shape memory material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
2-4 parts of trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, 1-3 parts of acrylate rubber, 1-5 parts of surfactant, 0.5-2 parts of thermally reversible cross-linking agent, 1-3 parts of acetic acid, 0.1-1.5 parts of sodium stearate, 5-15 parts of polynorbornene, 15-30 parts of styrene-butadiene block copolymer, 0.5-1 part of dioctyl phthalate, 1-3 parts of tribasic lead sulfate, 5-10 parts of polyethylene wax, 30-50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 1-5 parts of polylysine, 3-6 parts of silicon dioxide, 1-5 parts of silane coupling agent, 4-10 parts of silicon oxynitride and 0.4-1.0 part of zinc oxide.
2. A shape memory material in accordance with claim 1, wherein said thermoreversible cross-linking agent is selected from one or more of sodium salt of dicyclopentadiene carboxylic acid, potassium salt of dicyclopentadiene carboxylic acid, salt of dicyclopentadiene derivative carboxylic acid.
3. A shape memory material in accordance with claim 2, wherein said thermoreversible cross-linking agent is sodium dicyclopentadiene diformate or/and potassium dicyclopentadiene diformate.
4. The shape memory material of claim 1, wherein the polyvinyl chloride is one or more of SG-1, SG-2, SG-3, SG-4, and SG-5.
5. A shape memory material in accordance with claim 1, wherein said silica is fumed silica.
6. A shape memory material in accordance with claim 1, wherein said surfactant is any one of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecylaminopropionate.
7. A shape memory material in accordance with claim 1, wherein said zinc oxide is nano zinc oxide.
8. The shape memory material of claim 1, wherein the silane coupling agent is KH-602.
9. A method of preparing a shape memory material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
(1) heating and melting sodium stearate, adding a thermally reversible cross-linking agent, and uniformly mixing;
(2) under the condition of stirring, sequentially adding acrylate rubber, a surfactant, silicon dioxide, acetic acid, trans-1, 4-polyisoprene rubber, polylysine, octyl phthalate and polyvinyl chloride, wherein the addition interval of each is 2 min;
(3) adding the rest raw materials, mixing uniformly, and placing in a vacuum oven to remove bubbles;
(4) adding the mixture into an internal mixer, mixing the mixture in the internal mixer at the mixing temperature of 150 ℃ and 170 ℃ for 6-12 min;
(5) banburying, pulverizing, granulating, extruding at 160 deg.C under 150-.
10. The method for preparing a shape memory material according to claim 9, wherein the vacuum degree in the vacuum oven in the step (3) is 10 to 100 Pa.
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CN111534025A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 江苏格瑞林家居科技有限公司 | Shape memory material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |