CN110981126B - Waste ash curing agent, preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing - Google Patents
Waste ash curing agent, preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110981126B CN110981126B CN201911195551.7A CN201911195551A CN110981126B CN 110981126 B CN110981126 B CN 110981126B CN 201911195551 A CN201911195551 A CN 201911195551A CN 110981126 B CN110981126 B CN 110981126B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/008—Sludge treatment by fixation or solidification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention discloses a waste ash curing agent, a preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing, wherein the waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of modified waste ash, 25-35 parts of modified fly ash, 5-10 parts of slaked lime, 3-8 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 1-3 parts of an active exciting agent. The invention relates to a waste ash curing agent, a preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering, in particular to a waste ash curing agent, a preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing.
Background
The class I and II fly ash of a thermal power plant is widely applied, but a large amount of ash slag with poor quality is not utilized, a large amount of stockpiles not only occupy the land, but also can generate serious dust in dry weather. Therefore, the method is two main pollution sources influencing urban environment, and the ecological environment material produced by the method accords with the development direction of circular economy. The method has the advantages of reasonably utilizing solid waste resources such as the fly ash and the ash slag, improving the added value of the waste ash slag, changing waste into valuable, reducing occupied land and pollution, bringing great economic benefits to society and enterprises, greatly mobilizing the enthusiasm of the enterprises for deep utilization of the waste ash slag and promoting deep recycling of the waste ash slag.
At present, a lot of plots or river channels in cities are deposited due to untimely dredging, and meanwhile, the sludge is in the states of saturated flow plastic, high water content and high compressibility and weak, and the geological conditions easily cause construction difficulty of upper-layer buildings of the plots and uneven settlement of the plots and need to be treated. The traditional method is to dig out sludge and then to bury the sludge, so that the problem of sludge deposition can be solved, but the sludge also contains some harmful components such as toxic chemical substances, pathogenic organisms and the like, and the direct burying not only occupies a large amount of cultivated land, but also pollutes the environment. When the sludge solidification treatment, particularly the engineering construction is carried out on the dredger fill sludge soft foundation, a large amount of mountain soil, cement or sand resources are needed. However, with the increase of environmental protection, natural resources are increasingly tense, and mountain soil and sandstone materials are in short supply, especially for cement production, a large amount of energy is needed, and certain environmental pollution is caused.
The curing agent is added into the sludge for curing treatment, the water content of the sludge is high, and the curing agent has better water absorption performance, so that the strength of the sludge is improved. The curing agent in the prior art has poor water absorption effect and poor sludge strength after curing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a waste ash curing agent, a preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing, wherein the waste ash is modified, the curing agent is prepared from the modified waste ash, the obtained curing agent has a remarkable sludge curing effect, the cured sludge has good freeze-thaw resistance and large internal friction angle, and the requirement of engineering soil determination for building rolling can be met.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of modified waste ash, 25-35 parts of modified fly ash, 5-10 parts of slaked lime, 3-8 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 1-3 parts of an active exciting agent.
The activator excitant is one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium chloride and calcium chloride.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding the waste ash from the power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and drying at 95-105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (0.5-1.5), ball milling at 60-100 revolutions per minute for 60-90 minutes, calcining at 500-800 ℃ for 1-3 hours, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding an activating agent 4-8 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water 6-10 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring at 60-70 ℃ at 100-300 revolutions per minute for 6-10 hours, stirring at 3000-6000 revolutions per minute for 8-12 minutes, and drying the precipitate at 95-105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.8-1.2%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of (0.08-0.12): 1, stirring at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ at 300 revolutions per minute of 100-6000 revolutions per minute for 2-4 hours, centrifuging at the temperature of 3000-6000 revolutions per minute for 8-12 minutes, depositing, keeping the temperature at 95-105 ℃ for 40-60 minutes, calcining at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, naturally cooling to the temperature of 20-30 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 95-105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 10-15 wt% of hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: (5-10) mL, stirring at 60-70 ℃ for 60-90 minutes at 100-;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (0.5-1.5), mixing, ball-milling at 60-100 r/min for 60-90 min, calcining at 500-800 ℃ for 1-3 h, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding an activating agent 4-8% of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water 6-10 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring at 60-70 ℃ at 100-300 r/min for 6-10 h, stirring at 3000-6000 r/min for 8-12 min, and drying the precipitate at 95-105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.8-1.2%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of (0.1-0.2): 1, stirring at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ at 300 revolutions per minute of 100-6000 revolutions per minute for 2-4 hours, centrifuging at the temperature of 3000-6000 revolutions per minute for 8-12 minutes, depositing, keeping the temperature at 95-105 ℃ for 40-60 minutes, calcining at the temperature of 500-800 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, naturally cooling to the temperature of 20-30 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is calcium hydroxide and/or sodium silicate.
The activating agent is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1: (2-4).
The modifier is ferric nitrate and/or magnesium chloride.
Preferably, the modifier is a mixture of ferric nitrate and magnesium chloride, and the mass ratio of the ferric nitrate to the magnesium chloride is (2-5): 1.
the modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 4-8 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: (5-10) mL, stirring at 20-30 ℃ for 20-40 minutes at 300 r/min at 100-.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the waste ash curing agent, which comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active exciting agent, and stirring for 20-40 minutes at 300-500 r/m to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The invention also provides application of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 8-20% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure, wherein the water content of the sludge is 40-85%.
The invention relates to a waste ash curing agent, a preparation method and application thereof in sludge curing.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, all the equipment and materials are commercially available or commonly used in the art, and the methods in the following examples are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The waste ash can be desulfurized and denitrified ash sold in the market, and can also be prepared by self with reference to the existing technical specifications, for example, with reference to the application manual of flue gas desulfurization and denitration technical standards of thermal power plants. The waste ash in the embodiment is provided by a thermal power plant in Nanchang city, and the main chemical components are shown in the following table:
table of main chemical components of ash of power plant
| Item | SiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3 | CaO | MgO | Na2O | K2O | Ti2O | LOI |
| Power plant ash | 56.21 | 25.37 | 3.22 | 1.36 | 1.39 | 0.25 | 1.68 | 0.14 | 10.32 |
The fly ash provided by the Suzhou power plant meets the F-class and II-class standards in GB/T1596-2005 fly ash for cement and concrete.
Basic physical indexes of the sludge in the examples: the water content is 73.6%, the plastic limit is 28.1%, the liquid limit is 62.9%, the pH value is 6.4, and the organic matter content is 1.6%.
Hydrated lime, purchased from chaste tree chemical ltd, wuhan, industrial grade, 400 mesh.
Sodium lignosulfonate, Shanghai Yunji New Material science and technology Co.
Potassium carbonate, produced by Qinghai salt lake Industrial Co., Ltd.
Sodium carbonate, purchased from Suzhou, Teddy chemical technology, Inc.
Calcium hydroxide, purchased from Shanghai Michelin Biotech, Inc.
Sodium silicate, sodium silicate nonahydrate was used and purchased from Dalian Melam Biotechnology Ltd.
Ferric nitrate, purchased from shanghai hernantanian chemical ltd.
Magnesium chloride, purchased from Shanghai Maxin Biotechnology, Inc.
Sodium lignosulfonate, available from tianjin Zhongjin chemical Co., Ltd.
Hydrated lime provided by Suzhou ordinary Kun calcium industry Co., Ltd., calcium hydroxide content of more than 90%, granularity of 100 meshes and whiteness of 75.
The ball mill is a PBM-2A planetary ball mill provided by crystallizing industrial machinery, Inc. in Changsha, and is ball-milled by zirconia balls with the diameter of 0.2 mm.
Example 1
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding the waste ash from the power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball-milling for 80 minutes at the speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min, centrifuging for 10 minutes at the speed of 4000 r/min, and drying the precipitate at the temperature of 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, depositing, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is calcium hydroxide.
The modifier is ferric nitrate.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 2
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until the washing liquor is neutral, and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball-milling for 80 minutes at the speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min, centrifuging for 10 minutes at the speed of 4000 r/min, and drying the precipitate at the temperature of 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, keeping the temperature of the precipitate at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activator is calcium hydroxide.
The modifier is ferric nitrate.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 3
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until the washing liquor is neutral, and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing the pretreated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, depositing, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The modifier is ferric nitrate.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 4
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until washing liquor is neutral and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball milling for 80 minutes at 80 rpm, calcining for 2 hours at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at 65 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, drying the precipitate at 100 ℃ to constant weight, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is calcium hydroxide.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 5
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until the washing liquor is neutral, and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball-milling for 80 minutes at the speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min, centrifuging for 10 minutes at the speed of 4000 r/min, and drying the precipitate at the temperature of 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, depositing, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is sodium silicate.
The modifier is ferric nitrate.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the activity excitant, and stirring for 30 minutes at 400 r/m to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 6
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until the washing liquor is neutral, and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball-milling for 80 minutes at the speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min, centrifuging for 10 minutes at the speed of 4000 r/min, and drying the precipitate at the temperature of 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, keeping the temperature of the precipitate at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1: 3.
the modifier is ferric nitrate.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 7
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of slaked lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until the washing liquor is neutral, and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball-milling for 80 minutes at the speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, then adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min, centrifuging for 10 minutes at the speed of 4000 r/min, precipitating, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, depositing, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1: 3.
the modifier is magnesium chloride.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Example 8
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of modified waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of hydrated lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding the waste ash from the power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, and drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing to obtain a ball-milling raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the ball-milling raw material to zirconia balls is 1: ball-milling for 80 minutes at the speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at the temperature of 65 ℃ at the speed of 200 r/min, centrifuging for 10 minutes at the speed of 4000 r/min, and drying the precipitate at the temperature of 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, depositing, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 100 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 12 wt% hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the mixture is mixed, stirred for 80 minutes at 65 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, and the precipitate is washed by deionized water until washing liquor is neutral and dried to constant weight at 100 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 1, mixing, ball-milling for 80 minutes at a speed of 80 r/min, calcining for 2 hours at a temperature of 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, adding an activating agent accounting for 6 percent of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water accounting for 8 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring for 8 hours at a speed of 200 r/min at a temperature of 65 ℃, centrifuging for 10 minutes at a speed of 4000 r/min, and drying the precipitate to constant weight at a temperature of 100 ℃ to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of 0.15: 1, stirring for 3 hours at 25 ℃ at 200 revolutions per minute, centrifuging for 10 minutes at 4000 revolutions per minute, depositing, keeping the temperature at 100 ℃ for 50 minutes, calcining for 80 minutes at 650 ℃, naturally cooling to 25 ℃, grinding, and sieving by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified waste ash.
The activating agent is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1: 3.
the modifier is a mixture of ferric nitrate and magnesium chloride, and the mass ratio of the ferric nitrate to the magnesium chloride is 4: 1.
the modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Comparative example 1
The waste ash curing agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of waste ash, 30 parts of modified fly ash, 8 parts of slaked lime, 5 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 2 parts of an activity excitant.
The activator is potassium carbonate.
The modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 6 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: 8mL of the modified fly ash is mixed, stirred for 30 minutes at 25 ℃ at 200 rpm, centrifuged for 10 minutes at 4000 rpm, precipitated at 700 ℃ and calcined for 80 minutes, naturally cooled to 25 ℃, ground and sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to obtain the modified fly ash.
The preparation method of the waste ash curing agent comprises the following steps: mixing the waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active activator, and stirring at 400 r/m for 30 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
The application method of the waste ash curing agent in sludge curing comprises the following steps: and adding a curing agent accounting for 13% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
Test example 1
The curing agent in the examples and the comparative examples is added into the sludge, 15 percent of the mass of the sludge is added, the mixture is uniformly stirred, the mixture is put into a steel mould with the inner diameter, and a layer of vaseline is coated on the inner wall of the test membrane for demoulding. And (3) placing the soil sample into a mold, wrapping and sealing the soil sample by using a polyethylene plastic bag, placing the mold in a curing box with the temperature of (20 +/-2) DEG C and the humidity of more than 90%, curing for 24h, demolding, wrapping the sealed sample by using the plastic bag after demolding, continuing curing for 28d, preparing a sample with the length of 100mm multiplied by 100mm, performing a non-confined compressive strength test, and taking 28d of solidified soil to measure the internal friction angle value.
All tests are carried out according to the standard of geotechnical test methods (GB/T50123-1999), and the unconfined compressive strength tester adopts a SJ-1A.G type strain type triaxial shear tester produced by Nanjing electric power automation equipment factories, and the compression rate is 0.83 mm/min. Each of the examples and comparative examples tested 3 replicates, the mean of which was taken as the unconfined compressive strength of the set of samples, and when the difference between the test value of the sample and the mean exceeded ± 20% of the mean, the test value of the sample was rejected and the mean was calculated from the test values of the remaining samples, and the specific test results are shown in table 1.
Table 128 days unconfined compression strength test result table
Test example 2
The solidified sludge in the embodiment is used as a road foundation filler for simulation construction. The method is characterized in that an unconfined pressure gauge (model YYYW-1, of North Hebei Hongyu instruments and equipment Co., Ltd.) is adopted, the unconfined compressive strength of the road subgrade under the conditions of normal health preservation and freeze-thaw cycle of the simulated construction is tested according to the provisions of T0858-2009 in JTG E51-2009 (Highway engineering inorganic binder stabilizing material test regulation), the BDR evaluation index is the ratio of the unconfined compressive strength of the test piece after the freeze-thaw cycle to the strength of the normal health preservation test piece, and the specific test result is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 test result table of freezing cycle test
| BDR index,% | |
| Example 1 | 62.3 |
| Example 2 | 66.8 |
| Example 3 | 52.4 |
| Example 4 | 54.9 |
| Example 5 | 67.3 |
| Example 6 | 72.4 |
| Example 7 | 71.9 |
| Example 8 | 75.8 |
| Comparative example 1 | 48.4 |
Claims (7)
1. The waste ash curing agent is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of modified waste ash, 25-35 parts of modified fly ash, 5-10 parts of slaked lime, 3-8 parts of sodium lignosulfonate and 1-3 parts of an active exciting agent;
the preparation method of the modified waste ash comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment: grinding waste ash from a power plant, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve, drying at 95-105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain ground ash, and mixing the ground ash with 10-15 wt% of hydrochloric acid according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: (5-10) mL, stirring for 60-90 minutes at 60-70 ℃, centrifuging for 8-12 minutes, washing the precipitate with deionized water until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying to constant weight at 95-105 ℃ to obtain pretreated ash;
(2) and (3) activation: the pre-treated ash and sodium carbonate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (0.5-1.5), mixing, ball-milling at 60-100 r/min for 60-90 minutes, calcining at 500-800 ℃ for 1-3 hours, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, adding an activating agent 4-8% of the mass of the pretreated ash, adding water 6-10 times of the mass of the pretreated ash, stirring at 60-70 ℃ for 6-10 hours, centrifuging for 8-12 minutes, and drying the precipitate at 95-105 ℃ to constant weight to obtain activated ash;
(3) modification: adding a modifier into deionized water to obtain a modifier aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.8-1.2%, and then mixing the activated ash and the modifier aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of (0.1-0.2): 1, mixing, stirring for 2-4 hours at 20-30 ℃, centrifuging for 8-12 minutes, keeping the temperature of the precipitate at 95-105 ℃ for 40-60 minutes, calcining at 800 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, and grinding to obtain modified waste ash;
the activating agent is a mixture of calcium hydroxide and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the sodium silicate is 1: (2-4);
the modifier is ferric nitrate and/or magnesium chloride.
2. The waste ash curing agent of claim 1, comprising the steps of: the activity excitant is one or more of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium chloride and calcium chloride.
3. The waste ash curing agent according to claim 1, wherein the modifier is a mixture of ferric nitrate and magnesium chloride, and the mass ratio of the ferric nitrate to the magnesium chloride is (2-5): 1.
4. the waste ash curing agent of claim 1, wherein the modified fly ash is prepared by the following method: mixing fly ash and 4-8 wt% of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1 g: (5-10) mL, stirring for 20-40 minutes at 20-30 ℃, centrifuging for 8-12 minutes, calcining the precipitate at 600-800 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, naturally cooling to 20-30 ℃, and grinding to obtain the modified fly ash.
5. The method for preparing a waste ash curing agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of: mixing the modified waste ash, the modified fly ash, the hydrated lime, the sodium lignin sulfonate and the active excitant, and stirring for 20-40 minutes to obtain the waste ash curing agent.
6. Use of a waste ash curing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the curing of sludge.
7. The method of applying the waste ash curing agent in curing sludge according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: and adding a curing agent accounting for 8-20% of the mass of the sludge into the sludge, uniformly mixing, and rolling to form a compact soil body structure.
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