CN110977098B - Welding operation method for transition layer and multiple layer of composite steel plate - Google Patents
Welding operation method for transition layer and multiple layer of composite steel plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110977098B CN110977098B CN201911273840.4A CN201911273840A CN110977098B CN 110977098 B CN110977098 B CN 110977098B CN 201911273840 A CN201911273840 A CN 201911273840A CN 110977098 B CN110977098 B CN 110977098B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/025—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for rectilinear seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Abstract
The invention introduces a welding operation method of a transition layer and a multiple layer of a composite steel plate, which is used for a vertical welding seam and a spherical end socket upgrad welding seam of a cylinder body, and the groove type is as follows: the side of the base layer is provided with a V-shaped groove, and the stripping width of each side of the multilayer is not less than 12 mm; welding the transition layer by a sectional transverse welding method, stripping the width of a welding seam by more than 25mm, and transversely welding from one side of the groove to the other side; the welding line is divided into 150-plus-200 mm small sections, welding is started once in the first section, welding is started once in the second section after arc stopping, and 4-6 sections are continuously started and welded; then, carrying out second circulation until welding is finished; the next section of welding line is divided into a plurality of sections with the thickness of 150 plus 200mm, and the next cycle is carried out until the welding of the transition layer is completed; and (5) performing cover surface welding by repeating the above processes until the welding is completed. The invention reduces the welding difficulty, and improves the post rate, the construction efficiency and the welding shooting qualification rate; the waste of welding rod length and heat input are reduced, the dilution rate of alloy elements is low, the welding seam structure is uniform, and the performance is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding operation, in particular to a welding operation method for a transition layer and a multiple layer of a composite steel plate.
Background
With the upgrading of oil refining chemical devices, the demand for high corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance and high alloy stainless steel products, nickel-based alloys and other materials is continuously increased, meanwhile, if a large amount of high corrosion resistance alloys are adopted, the production cost is increased and the corrosion resistance alloy materials are wasted, and the traditional single material is difficult to meet the development requirement of a refining chemical device. The bimetal composite steel greatly reduces the manufacturing cost on the basis of meeting the use performance, has obvious advantages of performance and cost, is more and more widely applied to petrochemical equipment, and increases the operation difficulty of welding construction.
The groove type of the multiple layer stripping is beneficial to controlling the components of the transition layer and the multiple layer, the corrosion resistance of the side contacting with a corrosive medium is ensured, and the welding workload is increased. Meanwhile, the nickel-based welding rod has large resistance, when the welding rod is used for half the length due to resistance heat generated in the welding process, the electric arc loses blowing power, the stiffness is poor, the transition is difficult, when the cylinder body and the welding line are assembled on site and are welded in a vertical welding mode or an upward slope welding mode, the transition difficulty is increased by the gravity of molten drops, the operability is poor, the welding is performed by adopting a conventional operation method, a welder with medium skill level is difficult to perform, the duty ratio of a team welder is not more than 40%, the operation can be performed by the welder with medium skill by adopting the technology, the duty ratio of the team can reach 100%, and the working efficiency can be greatly improved; meanwhile, when the conventional operation method is adopted for welding, the blowing force is lost when the welding rod is used for a half, the operation difficulty is very high, the welding defect is easily generated, only the welding rod is discarded, the nickel-based welding material is expensive (phi 3.2 welding rod is about 30 yuan/root), the welding material is seriously wasted, and when the technology is adopted for operation, the operation difficulty is reduced, the normal operation can be still carried out when the welding rod loses the blowing force until the welding rod uses the normal allowance, and the consumption of the expensive welding material is greatly saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a welding operation method of a transition layer and a clad layer of a composite steel plate, which solves the operation problems of vertical welding and upward slope welding of nickel-based difficult-to-weld materials when the transition layer and the clad layer of the clad layer stripping type groove are welded.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a welding operation method for a transition layer and a multiple layer of a composite steel plate is suitable for a cylinder vertical welding seam and a spherical head upward slope welding seam which are subjected to field assembly welding;
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), groove type: the side of the base layer is provided with a V-shaped groove, the stripping width of each side of the multilayer is not less than 12mm, and the upper limit width is not limited;
step (2), welding the transition layer by adopting a sectional transverse welding operation method, wherein the process is as follows: the width of the stripped welding line is more than 25mm, the upper limit width is not limited, the width is wider than that of other groove types under the same thickness, and the transverse welding operation from one side of the groove to the other side is used in the vertical welding line and the upward slope welding line;
step (3), dividing the welding line into a plurality of sections with the length of about 150-;
performing second circulation after starting welding for 4-6 sections, and performing second welding from the lowest section, and circulating in sequence until welding of the 150-and-200 mm-thick welding seams of the 4-6 sections is completed;
step (5), dividing the next section of welding line into a plurality of sections with the length of about 150 and 200mm, and entering the next cycle until the transition layer is completely welded;
and (6) repeating the processes of the step (1), the step (2), the step (3), the step (4) and the step (5) until the welding is completely finished.
Through 4-6 sections of welding seam circulation, overheating, fusion depth increase and heat input increase of the welding seam caused by continuous welding are avoided; the fusion ratio of the parent metal can be effectively controlled by the circular welding, the alloy elements of the welding line are not diluted in a transition way, and the corrosion resistance of the composite layer is ensured.
The traditional vertical welding is divided from bottom to top, and the sectional transverse welding method of the welding operation method of the transition layer and the compound layer of the composite steel plate is compared with the sectional transverse welding method of the welding operation method of the transition layer and the compound layer of the composite steel plate, and is shown in figures 1-2.
The welding operation method of the transition layer and the multiple layer of the composite steel plate is suitable for vertical welding seams of a cylinder body and upward slope welding seams of a spherical seal head in field assembly welding.
More specifically, the invention provides a welding operation method of a transition layer and a multiple layer of a composite steel plate, wherein a silicon rectification inversion direct current power supply is selected, and the direct current polarity is reversed; SMAW operation; compounding steel plates; welding technological parameters are as follows: the current is 80-95A, the voltage is 20-24V, and the welding speed is 80-100 mm/min.
Other problems to be explained and the technical principle of the present invention are:
A. if the welding line is a traditional V-shaped groove instead of the stripping type groove in the step 2, the width of the welding line is less than 25mm, transverse welding operation cannot be carried out, and the welding line is not suitable for the working condition of the invention.
B. When the step (4) is replaced by 3 traditional vertical welding operations, as shown in fig. 1, because the molten drop of the nickel-based welding rod has large gravity and high viscosity, the middle part of the nickel-based welding rod is easy to drop to form a convex welding line with a high middle part and two sides with deep included angles, the smooth transition of the welding line forming is difficult to control, the polishing treatment is required to be smooth after one welding, otherwise, the defects of slag inclusion and incomplete fusion are easily generated; the welding is carried out by adopting a sectional transverse welding method, as shown in figure 2, the difficult problems can be effectively solved, the transverse welding operation only needs to walk along each welding direction, the welding seam does not need to swing and fall down due to the support of the welding seam in the front, the welding seam is formed smoothly, the welding defect is not easy to generate, and the welding seam qualification rate is easy to ensure.
C. When the step (4) is replaced by the traditional 3-pass swing continuous welding operation, the viscosity of the nickel-based welding rod is high, the welding seam is easy to drop, the requirement on the skill of a welder is high, the swing width can be increased for the welder who cannot reach the skill to control the forming, the heat input is increased, the fusion depth is increased, the fusion ratio is increased, the alloy elements of the welding seam are diluted to reduce the corrosion resistance, and the crack defect is easy to generate;
the welding method adopts a segmented transverse welding method, and the welding method can walk along each welding direction in a straight line without carrying out large-amplitude zigzag swing for controlling the formation of a welding seam, so that the operation difficulty is obviously reduced, welders with medium skill level can be competent, the post rate of workers is improved, and the working efficiency is obviously improved.
D. When the step (4) is replaced by the traditional swing continuous welding operation method, the welding speed is slow (5-8 cm/min), the heat input is large, the penetration is increased, the fusion of the base metal is increased, the alloy elements of the welding rod are diluted, the corrosion resistance of the welding line is poor, and the hardening structure and the cracks are easy to harden; the sectional transverse welding method is adopted for operation, the transverse welding speed is high and can reach 10-20cm/min, other parameters are unchanged, the heat input is reduced by more than half, the dilution rate of alloy elements is low, and the structural performance of a welding seam is excellent.
E. If the step (3) is replaced by a common continuous transverse welding method, the continuous welding causes no cooling time of a local welding seam, the heat input is increased due to the continuous increase of the temperature, and the fusion depth of a welding area is increased and the structure is deteriorated; the welding seam is divided into a plurality of sections of 150mm, so that the welding can be performed in a circulating and alternating mode, and the temperature distribution is uniform.
F. When the welding line is divided into 3 sections or less in one cycle period, the welding line cannot be sufficiently cooled, the heat input cannot be controlled in a proper interval, and when the welding line is divided into 6 sections or more, the reasonable control range of a human body is exceeded, so that the working efficiency is reduced; the welding line is divided into 4-6 sections, the total one-time welding length is 600-900mm, the temperature distribution is uniform, and in a proper range where a welder does not move to operate, the cyclic alternate welding is facilitated, and the working efficiency is improved.
G. When the traditional swing continuous welding method is adopted to replace the steps (2) to (6), because the resistivity of the nickel-based welding material is high, when the welding rod is left 1/3, the welding rod turns red due to resistance heat, the coating loses blowing power, the transition is very difficult, when the welding rod swings transversely, the welding seam forming cannot be controlled, the welding defects such as unfused welding and the like are easily caused, only the remaining welding rod can be discarded, a new welding rod is replaced for welding, the price of the nickel-based welding rod is over 400 yuan/Kg, each phi 3.2 welding rod is approximately 30 yuan, and great waste is caused; when the sectional transverse welding method is adopted, because the linear bar conveying method is adopted, the welding seam forming is not required to be controlled by transverse swinging, the requirement on the skill is lower, the welding rod can still be welded after the blowing force is lost, only the welding rod can be saved by 33 percent compared with the traditional method, the welding speed, the personnel on duty rate, the welding qualification rate, the construction period and other factors are accumulated, and great economic benefit is generated.
The traditional divided continuous welding has the welding defects that the welding seam forming is difficult to control, the middle is easy to drop, the edges on two sides are undercut, the fusion is not performed, the welding seam heat input is increased, the welding seam structure is deteriorated, the fusion ratio of the base metal is increased, the alloy elements are diluted and the like, and a large amount of nickel-based welding rods are wasted. By adopting the sectional transverse welding method to carry out welding operation, the working efficiency can be improved, the heat input can be reduced, the fusion ratio of the base material and the weaving composition of the transition layer and the multiple layers are easy to control, and the corrosion resistance of a welding joint is improved; meanwhile, the welding operation difficulty is effectively reduced, the welding defects are greatly reduced, and a welder with medium skills can take the job; the utilization rate of the welding rod is improved, and the waste of expensive welding materials is reduced.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) compared with the traditional method operation, under the condition that the skill level of team personnel is not changed, the welding operation difficulty is reduced, the post rate of team welders can be greatly improved, and the construction efficiency is further improved.
2) Compared with the traditional method, the method can greatly improve the qualified rate of welding shooting, reduce the generation of welding defects and reduce the secondary repair caused by disqualification.
3) Welding rod deposition rate: the traditional method wastes 1/3 the length of the welding rod to only remain the normal welding rod head, thereby saving a large amount of expensive nickel-based welding materials and improving the economic benefit.
4) Transition layer and multiple layer composition performance: compared with the traditional method, the heat input is reduced, the dilution rate of alloy elements is low, the weld joint structure is uniform, and the performance is excellent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an operation diagram of 3 welding passes in a conventional vertical welding operation.
FIG. 2 is an operational schematic of the segmented cross-welding process operation of the present invention.
And (3) welding sequence: A01-A05-B01-B05-completion.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples. The scope of protection of the patent is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Example 1
The material of certain engineering equipment of the company is 15CrMoR +0Cr13 composite steel plate, and the thickness is (16 + 3) mm; the nickel-based welding rod Ni337 with the diameter phi of 3.2 is used, and the traditional method is adopted for welding, so that the welding rod operation difficulty is high, the weld forming is difficult to control, and the crack defect of a transition layer occurs.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) and groove type: adopting a V-shaped groove on the base layer side, wherein the stripping width of each side of the multilayer is 15 mm;
(2) and welding the transition layer by adopting a sectional transverse welding operation method: the width of the stripped weld joint is 33 mm;
(3) dividing the welding line into a plurality of sections with the length of about 180mm, starting welding at the lower part of the first section by a transverse welding operation method for one time, starting welding at the lower part of the second section by the transverse welding operation method for one time after the arc is stopped, and repeating the steps, and continuously starting welding 6 sections by the transverse welding operation method;
(4) after 6 sections of welding are started, performing second round of circulation, starting from the lowest section, performing second welding, and circulating in sequence until the welding of 6 sections of 180mm welding seams is completed;
(5) the next section of welding line is divided into a plurality of sections with the length of about 180mm, and the next cycle is carried out until the transition layer is completely welded;
(6) and (3) repeating the processes of the step (1), the step (2), the step (3), the step (4) and the step (5) until the welding is completely finished.
By applying the operation method, outstanding performances are achieved in the aspects of ensuring quality, improving efficiency, reducing cost and the like. The comparative results are as follows:
(1) the skill level of the team personnel is not changed, and the post rate is improved to 100 percent from 40 percent operated by the traditional method;
(2) the qualified rate of the welding shooting is improved to 100 percent from 70 percent of the operation of the traditional method; and creates 100% qualification rate of B tower equipment;
(3) welding rod deposition rate: the traditional method wastes 1/3 of the length of the welding rod to only remain a normal 30mm welding rod head, thereby saving a large amount of expensive nickel-based welding materials;
(4) transition layer and multiple layer composition performance: compared with the traditional method, the heat input is reduced, the dilution rate of alloy elements is low, the weld joint structure is uniform, and the performance is excellent.
Claims (3)
1. A welding operation method for a transition layer and a multiple layer of a composite steel plate is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
step (1), groove type: the side of the base layer is provided with a V-shaped groove, the stripping width of each side of the multilayer is not less than 12mm, and the upper limit width is not limited;
step (2), welding the transition layer by adopting a sectional transverse welding operation method, wherein the process is as follows: the width of the stripped welding line is more than 25mm, the upper limit width is not limited, the width is wider than that of other groove types under the same thickness, and the transverse welding operation from one side of the groove to the other side is used in the vertical welding line and the upward slope welding line;
step (3), dividing the welding line into 4-6 sections with the length of 150-;
performing second circulation after 4-6 sections of starting welding, and performing second welding from the lowest section, and circulating in sequence until the welding seam is welded;
step (5), dividing the next layer of welding line into a plurality of sections with the length of 150-200mm, and entering the next cycle until the transition layer is completely welded;
and (6) repeating the processes of the step (1), the step (2), the step (3), the step (4) and the step (5) until the welding is completely finished.
2. The method for welding the transition layer and the clad layer of the clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: the method is suitable for the vertical welding seam of the cylinder body and the upward slope welding seam of the spherical seal head which are assembled and welded on site.
3. The method for welding the transition layer and the clad layer of the clad steel plate according to claim 1, wherein: the operation method selects silicon rectification inversion direct current power supply, and the direct current is connected with the reverse polarity; SMAW operation; compounding steel plates; welding technological parameters are as follows: the current is 80-95A, the voltage is 20-24V, and the welding speed is 80-100 mm/min.
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| CN106624403A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-10 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Bimetallic composite plate welding method |
| CN108581139A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-09-28 | 四川石油天然气建设工程有限责任公司 | A kind of welding method of oil and gas transmission bimetal compound pipeline |
| CN109048012A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-21 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | A kind of welding method and its application of titanium steel composite board |
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2019
- 2019-12-12 CN CN201911273840.4A patent/CN110977098B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1513638A (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2004-07-21 | 吕天军 | New method of using low hydorgew sodium type welding bar to weld cast iron material |
| CN103785962A (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2014-05-14 | 南京理工大学 | Full penetration welding method for titanium-steel composite board |
| CN106180985A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2016-12-07 | 郑州科源耐磨防腐工程有限公司 | A kind of titanium plate automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding technique |
| CN106624403A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-05-10 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | Bimetallic composite plate welding method |
| CN108581139A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-09-28 | 四川石油天然气建设工程有限责任公司 | A kind of welding method of oil and gas transmission bimetal compound pipeline |
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