CN110976895A - Production device and production method of metal powder - Google Patents
Production device and production method of metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110976895A CN110976895A CN201911389319.7A CN201911389319A CN110976895A CN 110976895 A CN110976895 A CN 110976895A CN 201911389319 A CN201911389319 A CN 201911389319A CN 110976895 A CN110976895 A CN 110976895A
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 105
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material production, and particularly discloses a production device and a production method of metal powder. The present invention provides a production apparatus for metal powder, comprising: the device comprises an open container for containing molten metal, a rotating wheel positioned at the opening of the open container and a driving mechanism capable of driving the rotating wheel to rotate; wherein the rotating wheel is used for enabling the molten metal liquid in the open container to be thrown out of the open container in the form of liquid drops when rotating. Utilize this apparatus for producing can solve the metal powder that current utilization high-pressure gas atomization method made and have hollow powder, granule surface smoothness difference, powder particle size distribution inequality and the not good problem of granule sphericity, reach the purpose that reduces metal powder voidage, improves metal powder particle diameter homogeneity and sphericity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material production, in particular to a production device and a production method of metal powder.
Background
With the innovation of technology, especially with the rapid development of 3D printing technology, the demand for metal powder in the manufacturing field is more urgent, and the application of metal powder in fields such as automobiles, aerospace/aviation, biomedicine, etc. is more and more extensive. The high-performance metal powder in the field of metal 3D printing generally has the granularity of 15-53 mu m, and is required to have the characteristics of good fluidity, narrow granularity range, uniform components and the like, and can be obtained by adopting an advanced preparation technology.
At present, the main mode for producing metal spherical powder at home and abroad is a high-pressure gas atomization method. The method utilizes high-pressure airflow to disperse molten metal flow into small droplets, and the droplets are cooled and solidified into metal powder, and the defects that a certain amount of hollow powder exists in the prepared metal powder and pits exist on the surface of the particles and the like exist in the prepared metal powder due to the high-pressure airflow, and the metal powder prepared by the method is uneven in particle size distribution and poor in powder sphericity, so that the development of the domestic metal 3D printing additive manufacturing industry is severely restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a production device and a production method of metal powder, which are used for solving the problems of hollow powder, poor smoothness of particle surfaces, uneven powder particle size distribution and poor particle sphericity of the existing metal powder prepared by a high-pressure gas atomization method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a production apparatus for metal powder, comprising:
an open vessel for containing a molten metal bath,
a rotating wheel located at the opening of the open container, an
The driving support mechanism can drive the rotating wheel to rotate;
wherein the rotating wheel is used for enabling the molten metal liquid in the open container to be thrown out of the open container in the form of liquid drops when rotating.
Further, from the opening surface of the open container to the bottom surface of the open container, the radial dimension of the open container is gradually reduced.
Furthermore, a rotating platform used for adjusting the inclination angle of the open container is arranged at the bottom of the open container.
Further, the rotating wheel comprises a wheel body and a coating layer arranged on the circumferential surface of the wheel body, and the melting point of the coating layer is higher than the temperature of the molten metal in the open container.
Further, the production apparatus comprises a cooling assembly comprising a first cooling conduit and a second cooling conduit;
a cooling passage is arranged in the rotating wheel and comprises a cooling passage inlet and a cooling passage outlet which are respectively arranged at two sides of a rotating shaft of the rotating wheel;
the first cooling pipeline is connected with the cooling passage inlet in a rotating and sealing mode, and the second cooling pipeline is connected with the cooling passage outlet in a rotating and sealing mode.
Further, a first bearing is arranged between the first cooling pipeline and the cooling passage inlet, the first bearing and the first cooling pipeline rotate and are in sealed connection, the first bearing and the rotating wheel are fixedly connected, and a sealed channel is formed among the first cooling pipeline, the first bearing and the cooling passage inlet;
and a second bearing is arranged between the second cooling pipeline and the cooling passage outlet, the second bearing is in rotating and sealing connection with the second cooling pipeline, the second bearing is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel, and a sealing channel is formed between the second cooling pipeline and the cooling passage outlet.
Further, the drive support mechanism includes:
the supporting frame is used for fixing the rotating wheel, the rotating driving assembly is used for driving the rotating wheel to rotate, and the vertical displacement driving assembly is used for driving the rotating wheel to be close to or far away from the open container.
Further, the rotary drive assembly includes: and the rotary driving motor drives the rotating wheel to rotate through the transmission assembly.
Further, the vertical displacement driving assembly comprises a vertical displacement driving part and a vertical driving rod connected with the vertical displacement driving part; the vertical driving rod is connected to the supporting frame.
Furthermore, a heat insulation plate is arranged between the rotary driving motor and the rotary wheel.
Further, the production device comprises a material collecting plate or a material collecting barrel.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing a metal powder, comprising the steps of:
the molten metal liquid in the open container is thrown out of the open container in the form of liquid drops under the rotating action of a rotating wheel to form metal liquid drops;
the metal droplets solidify to form metal powder.
Further, the outer peripheral surface of the rotating wheel is in contact with the molten metal, and the contact length is less than 5 mm.
Further, the radius of the rotating wheel is 15-50cm, and the rotating speed of the rotating wheel during production is 50000-100000 rpm.
Further, the rotating wheel firstly rotates above the molten metal at a rotating speed of 5-100rpm, is contacted with the molten metal after being heated to the temperature of the molten metal, and then rotates at a rotating speed of 50000-100000rpm, so that the molten metal is thrown out in the form of droplets to form the metal droplets.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a production device of metal powder, which comprises an open container, a rotating wheel and a driving mechanism, wherein the rotating wheel can enable molten metal liquid in the open container to be thrown out in a droplet form when rotating. In the process of producing the metal powder by using the production device, because the molten metal liquid leaves the open container in the form of liquid drops, the formed metal liquid drops are cooled and then solidified into the metal powder. In the process, because high-pressure gas does not exist, bubbles do not exist in the formed metal liquid drops, and when the metal liquid drops are solidified, the problem of hollowness does not occur in the metal liquid drops. In addition, after the metal liquid drops are thrown out, the metal liquid drops are free from the action of any external force, and the temperature is instantly reduced after the metal liquid drops are thrown out, so that the formed metal powder has better sphericity and high surface smoothness, and the problem of unevenness is avoided. Moreover, when the production device is used for producing metal powder, when the rotating speed of the rotating wheel is fixed, the particle size of the thrown metal liquid drops is more uniform, and therefore the particle size distribution of the obtained metal powder is more uniform.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a metal powder production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a metal powder production apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal powder production apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal powder production apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1. a drive support mechanism; 101. a support frame; 102. a screw rod; 103. a motor; 2. a rotating wheel; 21. a cooling passage; 3. melting a molten metal; 4. an open container; 5. the motion track of the metal liquid drop; 6. rotating the platform; 11. a first cooling duct; 12. a second cooling conduit; 13. a first bearing; 14. a second bearing; 15. a cooling channel inlet duct; 16. a cooling channel outlet conduit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention is a metal powder production apparatus including:
an open vessel 4 for containing a molten metal 3,
a rotation wheel 2 located at an opening of the open container 4, an
The driving mechanism 1 can drive the rotating wheel 2 to rotate;
wherein the rotating wheel 2 is adapted to rotate such that the molten metal 3 placed in the open container 4 is thrown out of the open container 4 in the form of droplets.
The open vessel 4 is used for containing the molten metal 3, and the open vessel 4 has good high temperature resistance. The rotating wheel 2 is positioned at the opening of the open container 4 and can rotate under the driving action of the driving mechanism 1, and the rotating wheel 2 rotates at a speed which can enable the molten metal liquid 3 in the open container 4 to be thrown out in the form of liquid drops when preparing the metal powder. Therefore, in the production apparatus, the specific position of the rotary wheel 2 is adjusted according to the interface of the molten metal 3 in the open vessel 4, and the rotary wheel 2 is brought into contact with the surface of the molten metal 3 so that the molten metal 3 is thrown out in the circumferential direction of the rotary wheel 2. The particle size of the metal droplets thrown out depends on the contact area and contact depth between the rotor 2 and the surface of the molten metal 3, and the rotation speed of the rotor 2. The thrown metal droplets move in a parabolic path, first move to a certain height along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel 2, and then gradually move downwards and forwards, as shown by the motion trajectory 5 of the metal droplets in the dotted line in fig. 1. During this movement, the metal droplets are gradually cooled and solidified to form metal powder.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the rotating wheel 2 is not too large compared with the opening size of the open container 4, otherwise, when the liquid level of the molten metal 3 is lowered, the formed metal droplets are easily blocked by the side wall of the open container 4. The open container 4 is for example a crucible.
It is understood that the production apparatus of the present invention may further include a plurality of metal powder collecting members. The collecting member may be, for example, a material collecting plate or a material collecting barrel, etc., and is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present invention. In the invention, metal powder is formed before the metal droplets fall into the material collecting plate or the material collecting barrel, and the formed metal powder falls into the material collecting plate or the material collecting barrel.
Therefore, the device for producing metal powder provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with the open container 4, the rotating wheel 2 and the driving mechanism 1, so that the rotating wheel 2 can enable the molten metal liquid 3 in the open container 4 to be thrown out in the form of liquid drops when rotating. In the process of producing metal powder by using the production device, as the molten metal 3 leaves the open container 4 in the form of droplets, the formed metal droplets are cooled and then solidified into metal powder. In the process, because high-pressure gas does not exist, bubbles do not exist in the formed metal liquid drops, and when the metal liquid drops are solidified, the problem of hollowness does not occur in the metal liquid drops. In addition, after the metal liquid drops are thrown out, the metal liquid drops are free from the action of any external force, and the temperature is instantly reduced after the metal liquid drops are thrown out, so that the formed metal powder has better sphericity and high surface smoothness, and the problem of unevenness is avoided. Furthermore, when the production device is used for producing metal powder, the particle size of the thrown metal liquid drops is more uniform when the rotating speed of the rotating wheel 2 is fixed, and therefore, the particle size distribution of the obtained metal powder is more uniform.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the radial dimension of the open container 4 gradually decreases from the open face of the open container 4 to the bottom face of the open container 4.
In this structure, the open container 4 has a large opening and a small bottom. Since the rotating wheel 2 needs to be in contact with the liquid level of the molten metal 3 in the open container 4 during the rotation process, and the contact depth is not too deep, at this time, in order to prevent the open container 4 from forming a blocking effect on thrown-out metal droplets, the opening of the open container 4 can be designed to be relatively large, and the solution placed at the bottom of the open container 4 is not easily utilized, so the size of the bottom of the open container 4 is designed to be relatively small.
The shape of the opening of the open container 4 is not limited in particular, and may be, for example, circular, square, or oval.
Specifically, the longitudinal section of the open container 4 may be trapezoidal, for example. Wherein, the longitudinal section refers to a section perpendicular to the bottom surface of the open container 4, and the section passes through the long edge or the long diameter of the bottom surface. For convenience of processing, the longitudinal section of the open container 4 in the embodiment of the invention is isosceles trapezoid.
Referring to fig. 2, in a further embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the open container 4 is provided with a rotating platform 6 for adjusting the inclination angle of the open container 4.
As the metal powder is continuously generated, the molten metal 3 in the open container 4 is continuously reduced, and the liquid level of the molten metal 3 is continuously lowered. Without any change in the position of the open vessel 4, there will be a large amount of molten metal 3 that cannot be thrown out of the open vessel 4. The rotary platform 6 is arranged on the bottom plate of the open container 4, so that the open container 4 can be driven to incline, and the liquid level of the molten metal 3 in the open container 4 can be always kept near the opening of the open container 4. In this way, most of the molten metal 3 in the open vessel 4 can be thrown out to form metal powder.
Wherein the rotating platform 6 can be deflected by a motor, for example, to deflect the open container 4. The deflection of the rotating platform 6 can be controlled either manually or by means of a motor.
It will be appreciated that the rotor wheel 2 in the embodiments of the present invention may be made of the same material. When the same material is selected to manufacture the rotating wheel 2, the material with a melting point higher than that of the prepared molten metal 3 is required to be selected to manufacture the rotating wheel 2, for example, when low-melting-point metal powder is prepared, the rotating wheel 2 made of high-melting-point metal with good heat conductivity can be selected; when preparing the high melting point metal powder, the rotating wheel 2 made of an inorganic material such as boron nitride, alumina, or the like may be preferably used.
Besides, the rotating wheel 2 can be made of a composite structure, so that the application range of the material is widened.
In one embodiment of the invention, the rotating wheel 2 comprises a wheel body and a coating layer arranged on the circumferential surface of the wheel body, wherein the melting point of the coating layer is higher than the temperature of the molten metal 3 in the open container 4.
The wheel body may not be in contact with the molten metal 3 when producing the metal powder, and thus, the wheel body may be manufactured using a metal material having good heat dissipation properties when manufacturing the rotating wheel 2 of this structure. The coating layer is used for contacting with the molten metal 3, and therefore, the coating layer can be made of a high-temperature resistant material such as an inorganic material such as boron nitride or alumina.
In order to control the temperature of the rotating wheel to be maintained within a proper range of values during the production process so that the rotating wheel does not solidify the molten metal when contacting the molten metal and at the same time, to ensure that the metal droplets carried by the rotating wheel can be thrown out, in one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the production apparatus includes a cooling assembly including a first cooling pipe 11 and a second cooling pipe 12;
a cooling passage 21 is provided inside the rotor 2, and the cooling passage 21 includes a cooling passage inlet and a cooling passage outlet respectively provided on both sides of a rotation shaft of the rotor 2;
the first cooling pipe 11 is connected with the cooling passage inlet in a rotating and sealing manner, and the second cooling pipe 12 is connected with the cooling passage outlet in a rotating and sealing manner.
As an implementation manner, a first bearing 13 is arranged between the first cooling duct and the cooling passage inlet, the first bearing 13 is rotatably and hermetically connected with the first cooling duct 11, the first bearing 13 is fixedly connected with the rotary wheel 2, and a sealed channel is formed among the first cooling duct 11, the first bearing 13 and the cooling passage inlet;
a second bearing 14 is arranged between the second cooling pipeline 12 and the cooling passage outlet, the second bearing 14 is connected with the second cooling pipeline 12 in a rotating and sealing mode, the second bearing 12 is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel 2, and a sealing channel is formed among the second cooling pipeline 12, the second bearing 14 and the cooling passage outlet.
In the above embodiment, the first cooling duct 11 and the second cooling duct 12 are equivalently provided on both sides of the rotary wheel 2, one side serving as an input duct for the cooling medium, and the other side serving as an output duct for the cooling medium. Wherein the docking of the first cooling duct 11 and the second cooling duct 12 to the rotor wheel 2 is performed by means of bearings.
Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the rotary wheel 2 is symmetrically provided with protruding pipes protruding from the surface of the rotary wheel on both sides of the central axis thereof as a cooling passage inlet pipe 15 and a cooling passage outlet pipe 16, respectively. The periphery of the cooling channel inlet duct 15 and the cooling channel outlet duct 16 is provided with a first groove and a second groove for mounting bearings, respectively, wherein the first bearing 13 is mounted in the first groove and the second bearing 14 is mounted in the second groove. After installation, the cooling channel inlet pipe 15 is inserted into the first cooling pipe 11, the cooling channel outlet pipe 16 is inserted into the second cooling pipe 12, and after insertion, a sealing state is maintained between the first cooling pipe 11 and the cooling channel inlet pipe 15, and a sealing state is maintained between the second cooling pipe 12 and the cooling channel outlet pipe 16. Meanwhile, after the fixing, the first bearing 13 is in rotary connection with the first cooling pipeline 11, and the first bearing 13 is in fixed connection with the rotating wheel 2; the second bearing 14 is rotatably connected to the second cooling duct 12, and the second bearing 14 is fixedly connected to the rotor wheel 2. During the rotation, the driving support mechanism drives the rotary wheel 2 to rotate by driving the first bearing 13, and the cooling channel inlet pipeline 15 and the cooling channel outlet pipeline 16 rotate along with the rotary wheel 2 because the cooling channel inlet pipeline 15 and the cooling channel outlet pipeline 16 are fixedly connected with the rotary wheel 2. During the rotation, the first cooling duct 11 and the second cooling duct 12 are kept stationary, the cooling passage inlet duct 15 rotates in the first cooling duct 11, the cooling passage outlet duct 16 rotates in the second cooling duct 12, meanwhile, the joint of the cooling passage inlet duct 15 and the first cooling duct 11 is kept in a sealed state, the joint of the cooling passage outlet duct 16 and the second cooling duct 12 is kept in a sealed state, and cooling medium flows into the cooling passage inlet duct 15 from the first cooling duct 11, then flows through the cooling passages 21 in the rotary wheel, and flows into the second cooling duct 12 from the cooling passage outlet duct 16.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive support mechanism 1 includes: the supporting frame 101 is used for fixing the rotating wheel 2, the rotating driving assembly is used for driving the rotating wheel 2 to rotate, and the vertical displacement driving assembly is used for driving the rotating wheel 2 to be close to or far away from the open container 4.
When no cooling channels are provided inside the rotary wheel, the rotary drive assembly comprises: the rotary driving motor is connected with a driving shaft, and the driving shaft is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel 2. In this mode, the driving motor directly drives the driving shaft to rotate, and the driving shaft drives the rotating wheel to rotate. The rotary wheel 2 can be driven to rotate by arranging a rotary driving component.
When no cooling channels are provided inside the rotary wheel, the rotary drive assembly comprises: and the rotary driving motor is connected to the first bearing through a transmission assembly to drive the rotating wheel to rotate.
In this mode, the rotation driving motor drives the first bearing to rotate through the transmission assembly, and the first bearing drives the rotating wheel to rotate. Wherein, the rotating assembly comprises a hollow transmission rod sleeved on the first bearing and a transmission belt or a transmission chain connected between the hollow transmission rod and the output shaft of the rotary driving motor.
In one embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 4, the vertical displacement drive assembly comprises a vertical displacement drive component and a vertical drive rod connected to the vertical drive component; the vertical driving rod is connected to the supporting frame.
In this embodiment, the vertical driving rod is a screw rod 102, the screw rod 102 is connected to the supporting frame 101, and the supporting frame 101 and the rotating wheel 2 fixed on the supporting frame 101 can move up and down along the screw rod 102 under the action of the vertical driving component. In this embodiment, the vertical driving means is a motor 103.
In addition, the vertical driving rod can be a guide rod besides a screw rod. When the vertical driving rod is a guide rod, the vertical driving part may be a cylinder.
The rotary wheel 2 can be driven to rotate by arranging a rotary driving component. Through setting up vertical displacement drive assembly, can realize swiveling wheel 2's upper and lower height-adjustable's function. The height of the rotor 2 is adjusted to ensure that the outer circumferential surface of the rotor 2 is always in contact with the molten metal 3. Wherein, the rotating wheel 2 can be adjusted in the range of 0-100000rpm under the action of the rotary driving component. When the rotation wheel 2 is preheated, the rotation wheel 2 can be rotated at a low speed; the rotating wheel 2 can be made to rotate at high speed while in the production process.
The specific process for producing metal powder by using the production device with the structure shown in FIG. 1 in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
s11) preparing a molten metal 3 of the metal powder in an open container 4, wherein the heating method adopted when preparing the molten metal 3 may be, for example, induction coil heating or resistance heating;
s12) roughly adjusting the rotating wheel 2 to the liquid level of the molten metal 3 through a vertical displacement driving assembly in the driving mechanism 1, but not contacting the liquid level of the molten metal 3;
s13) driving the rotor 2 to rotate at a low speed by the rotation driving assembly of the driving mechanism 1, and making the rotor 2 obtain an initial temperature by heat radiation to prevent the rotor 2 from cooling and crusting on the surface due to a large temperature difference when contacting the molten metal 3;
s14) after the molten metal 3 is uniformly smelted, the temperature of the rotating wheel 2 does not greatly rise any more, the rotating wheel 2 is driven to rotate at high height by the rotating driving assembly, the rotating wheel 2 is finely adjusted by the vertical displacement driving assembly until the rotating wheel 2 just contacts the liquid level of the molten metal 3, and the molten metal 3 is thrown out at high speed along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel 2 to form metal drops;
s15), the thrown metal droplets are contracted and solidified under the action of surface tension through a certain flight distance, and metal powder is formed;
s16), the liquid level is gradually lowered along with the molten metal 3 being thrown out, and the rotating wheel 2 is finely adjusted to just contact the liquid level of the molten metal 3 continuously by the vertical displacement driving assembly, so as to continuously prepare metal powder.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention provides a production method of metal powder, which comprises the following steps:
s21) the molten metal liquid in the open container is thrown out of the open container in the form of liquid drops under the rotating action of the rotating wheel and forms metal liquid drops;
s22) solidifying the metal droplets to form metal powder.
The open container in the embodiment of the invention is used for containing molten metal, and the open container has better high-temperature resistance. The rotating wheel is positioned at the opening of the open container and can rotate under the driving action of the driving mechanism, and the rotating speed of the rotating wheel can enable the molten metal liquid in the open container to be thrown out in the form of liquid drops when the metal powder is prepared. Therefore, in the production method, the specific position of the rotating wheel is adjusted according to the interface of the molten metal in the open vessel, and the rotating wheel should be in contact with the surface of the molten metal so that the molten metal is thrown out in the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel. The particle size of the metal droplets thrown out depends on the contact area and contact depth between the rotating wheel and the surface of the molten metal and the rotation speed of the rotating wheel. The thrown metal drops move in a parabolic path, firstly move to a certain height along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel, and then gradually move downwards and forwards. During this movement, the metal droplets are gradually cooled and solidified to form metal powder.
Therefore, in the production method of the metal powder provided by the embodiment of the invention, the molten metal liquid leaves the open container in the form of liquid drops, and the formed metal liquid drops are cooled and then solidified into the metal powder. In the process, because high-pressure gas does not exist, bubbles do not exist in the formed metal liquid drops, and when the metal liquid drops are solidified, the problem of hollowness does not occur in the metal liquid drops. In addition, after the metal liquid drops are thrown out, the metal liquid drops are free from the action of any external force, and the temperature is instantly reduced after the metal liquid drops are thrown out, so that the formed metal powder has better sphericity and high surface smoothness, and the problem of unevenness is avoided. Furthermore, when the production method is used for producing the metal powder, the particle size of the thrown metal liquid drops is more uniform when the rotating speed of the rotating wheel is fixed, so that the particle size distribution of the obtained metal powder is more uniform.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer circumferential surface of the rotating wheel is in contact with the molten metal, and the contact length is less than 5 mm. The contact length is a length of the molten metal in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotor, and the length is perpendicular to the width of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor.
The contact length of the outer peripheral surface of the rotating wheel and the molten metal is defined, so that the depth of the rotating wheel in the molten metal is indirectly defined, and the forming amount and the forming size of the metal drops can be optimized.
In a preferred embodiment, the outer peripheral surface of the rotating wheel is tangent to the molten metal. In the case of tangency, metal droplets of smaller size can be obtained.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the radius of the rotating wheel is 15-50cm, and the rotating speed of the rotating wheel during production is 50000-100000 rpm. By optimizing the radial size and the rotating speed of the rotating wheel, the particle size of the formed metal powder can be further optimized, so that the obtained particle size of the metal powder meets the requirement of 3D printing on the performance of the metal powder material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the rotating wheel is first rotated above the molten metal at a rotation speed of 5-100rpm, heated to the temperature of the molten metal and then contacted with the molten metal, and then rotated at a rotation speed of 50000-100000rpm, so that the molten metal is thrown out in the form of droplets to form the metal droplets.
In this process, when the rotary wheel is rotated at a low speed of 5 to 100rpm, the preheating treatment of the rotary wheel is performed and the temperature of the rotary wheel is made more uniform. During production, the rotating wheel is operated at a high speed of 50000-100000rpm, the molten metal adhered to the circumferential surface of the rotating wheel forms metal droplets under the action of centrifugal force, and the molten metal is gradually cooled and solidified to form metal powder after being thrown out.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (15)
1. A production apparatus for metal powder, characterized by comprising:
an open vessel for containing a molten metal bath,
a rotating wheel located at the opening of the open container, an
The driving support mechanism can drive the rotating wheel to rotate;
wherein the rotating wheel is used for enabling the molten metal liquid in the open container to be thrown out of the open container in the form of liquid drops when rotating.
2. The production device according to claim 1, wherein the radial dimension of the open container gradually decreases from the open face of the open container to the bottom face of the open container.
3. The production device according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the open container is provided with a rotating platform for adjusting the inclination angle of the open container.
4. The manufacturing apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotating wheel comprises a wheel body and a coating layer provided on a circumferential surface of the wheel body, the coating layer having a melting point higher than a temperature of the molten metal in the open container.
5. The production device of claim 1, wherein the production device comprises a cooling assembly comprising a first cooling conduit and a second cooling conduit;
a cooling passage is arranged in the rotating wheel and comprises a cooling passage inlet and a cooling passage outlet which are respectively arranged at two sides of a rotating shaft of the rotating wheel;
the first cooling pipeline is connected with the cooling passage inlet in a rotating and sealing mode, and the second cooling pipeline is connected with the cooling passage outlet in a rotating and sealing mode.
6. The production device according to claim 5, wherein a first bearing is provided between the first cooling duct and the cooling passage inlet, the first bearing is rotatably and sealingly connected to the first cooling duct, the first bearing is fixedly connected to the rotating wheel, and the first cooling duct forms a sealed channel with the cooling passage inlet;
and a second bearing is arranged between the second cooling pipeline and the cooling passage outlet, the second bearing and the second cooling pipeline rotate and are in sealing connection, the second bearing is fixedly connected with the rotating wheel, and a sealing channel is formed between the second bearing and the cooling passage outlet.
7. The production device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the drive support mechanism includes:
the supporting frame is used for fixing the rotating wheel, the rotating driving assembly is used for driving the rotating wheel to rotate, and the vertical displacement driving assembly is used for driving the rotating wheel to be close to or far away from the open container.
8. The production device of claim 7, wherein the rotary drive assembly comprises: and the rotary driving motor drives the rotating wheel to rotate through the transmission assembly.
9. The production device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the vertical displacement drive assembly comprises a vertical displacement drive component and a vertical drive rod connected to the vertical drive component; the vertical driving rod is connected to the supporting frame.
10. The production apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein a heat insulating plate is provided between said rotary drive motor and said rotary wheel.
11. A production device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the production device comprises a material collecting plate or a material collecting barrel.
12. A method of producing metal powder, comprising the steps of:
the molten metal liquid in the open container is thrown out of the open container in the form of liquid drops under the rotating action of a rotating wheel to form metal liquid drops;
the metal droplets solidify to form metal powder.
13. The production method according to claim 12, wherein an outer peripheral surface of the rotating wheel is in contact with the molten metal liquid over a contact length of less than 5 mm.
14. The production method as claimed in claim 12, wherein the radius of the rotating wheel is 15-50cm, and the rotation speed of the rotating wheel during production is 50000-100000 rpm.
15. The method as claimed in any one of claims 12 to 14, wherein the rotating wheel is rotated above the molten metal at a speed of 5 to 100rpm, heated to the temperature of the molten metal, and then contacted with the molten metal, and then rotated at a speed of 50000-100000rpm, so that the molten metal is thrown out in the form of droplets to form the metal droplets.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911389319.7A CN110976895A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Production device and production method of metal powder |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201911389319.7A CN110976895A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Production device and production method of metal powder |
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| CN110976895A true CN110976895A (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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| CN201911389319.7A Pending CN110976895A (en) | 2019-12-27 | 2019-12-27 | Production device and production method of metal powder |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113118448A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-16 | 杭州泛索能超声科技有限公司 | Novel rotatory supersound metal powder process equipment |
| CN114192790A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-18 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院股份有限公司 | Device and method for preparing spherical titanium and titanium alloy powder |
| CN114603148A (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-06-10 | 成都大学 | Preparation device and preparation method of spherical alloy powder |
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| CN114603148B (en) * | 2022-05-11 | 2022-07-05 | 成都大学 | Preparation device and preparation method of spherical alloy powder |
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Application publication date: 20200410 |