CN110975463A - Preparation process of environment-friendly air purification material - Google Patents
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- CN110975463A CN110975463A CN201911288030.6A CN201911288030A CN110975463A CN 110975463 A CN110975463 A CN 110975463A CN 201911288030 A CN201911288030 A CN 201911288030A CN 110975463 A CN110975463 A CN 110975463A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
- B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation process of an environment-friendly air purification material, and belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly materials. The method comprises the steps of firstly, carrying out carboxylation modification on absorbent cotton, then homogenizing to obtain nano-cellulose, then preparing a pretreated porous carbon microsphere blank by utilizing chitosan and silicon dioxide, carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blank, then sequentially reacting the carbonized porous carbon microsphere blank with epoxy resin and ethanolamine under the action of isocyanate, covering a microcapsule layer of chitosan and sodium lignosulfonate on the surface under the action of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate to obtain an adsorption material, finally, mixing the adsorption material with the nano-cellulose and bamboo fibers to prepare a pretreated nano-fiber membrane, and reacting the pretreated nano-fiber membrane with halohydrocarbon to obtain the environment-friendly air purification material. The environment-friendly air purification material prepared by the invention has excellent purification performance and can be recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environment-friendly materials, in particular to a preparation process of an environment-friendly air purification material.
Background
In recent years, the problem of indoor environmental pollution is increasingly prominent, and the existence of pollutants can harm human health, reduce the quality of life, influence work efficiency and reduce human immunity. Accordingly, environmental purification materials are receiving increasing attention.
The air purifying material is used for adsorbing and decomposing harmful substances in the air in physical, chemical and other modes, and the air purifying material is used for effectively controlling an air pollution source. Patent CN201511029041.4 discloses an algae-calcium mineral air purification medium and a preparation method thereof, namely the algae-calcium mineral air purification medium consists of algae mineral micro powder, calcium micro powder, catalytic micro powder, a mineral modifier, a liquid phase medium and a photocatalyst, has excellent adsorption and purification performance, but is easy to passivate under the purification of continuous concentration; patent CN201010112863.X discloses a composite air purifying agent containing nano-minerals and a preparation method thereof, namely the composite air purifying agent is composed of natural minerals, a molecular sieve, a photocatalyst, a modifier, a foaming agent and a surfactant, and has high decomposition efficiency on organic pollutants in the air, and the defects that the purifying material is a selective adsorption material and the purification type is not wide; patent CN201310142911.3 discloses a photocatalyst multifunctional diatom purification particle and its preparation method, i.e. the purification particle is composed of diatom, attapulgite, zeolite powder, sepiolite, anion powder, far infrared ceramic powder, kaolin, and nano photocatalyst, can decompose harmful substances such as formaldehyde, etc., and solves the technical disadvantage that products such as active carbon, etc. only adsorb and do not decompose, but has disadvantages in efficiency and fine particle adsorption.
The common characteristics of the known patent technologies are that the porous environment mineral powder and the photocatalytic component are fully utilized for granulation, the adsorption and decomposition amount is limited, and the removal and decomposition speed is slow. Patent CN1021101008A discloses that the effect of improving the purification effect is achieved by soaking an inorganic adsorbing material in a 5-20% inorganic oxidant aqueous solution for 18-36 h and then drying. However, the method of loading the oxidizing agent by soaking only has the disadvantage that the loading is insufficient and weak, and the purification performance is not durable. Therefore, the research on the environment-friendly air purification material which can be repeatedly used and has high adsorption capacity has wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shape-preserving air purification material and a preparation process thereof, and aims to solve the problems of low repeatable utilization rate of purification particles and low purification efficiency in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the environment-friendly air purification material is characterized by mainly comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of nano cellulose, 10-12 parts of bamboo fiber and 5-8 parts of halohydrocarbon solution, the nano cellulose membrane prepared from the nano cellulose and the bamboo fiber can improve the filtering effect of the filtering membrane, and the added bamboo fiber can improve the mechanical property of the membrane, so that the service life of the membrane is prolonged.
The environment-friendly air purification material is characterized by also comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of adsorbing material, the adding of adsorbing material can be fixed in the pore of nano cellulose membrane to reduce the content of macropore in the nano cellulose membrane, improve the filter effect of membrane, and adsorbing material can adsorb gas, further improve the purifying effect of membrane.
The nano-cellulose is prepared by taking absorbent cotton as a raw material and performing carboxymethylation modification, has better chemical activity, and can improve the filtering effect of the membrane by increasing the molecular chain segment.
As optimization, the adsorption material contains porous carbon microspheres, chitosan, sodium lignin sulfonate and a hydroxyl-containing flexible chain segment, wherein the hydroxyl-containing flexible chain segment is prepared from isocyanate, epoxy resin and ethanolamine, the air purification effect of the membrane can be improved by adding the porous carbon microspheres, and under the action of the hydroxyl-containing flexible chain segment, the binding force between the adsorption material and the membrane can be further improved, so that the recycling rate of the membrane is improved.
As optimization, the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight: 55 parts of nano-fiber, 12 parts of bamboo fiber, 8 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon solution and 24 parts of adsorbing material.
As optimization, the preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) modifying the degreased cotton by carboxylation and then homogenizing;
(2) mixing chitosan and a pore-foaming agent, removing the pore-foaming agent after a crosslinking reaction to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, mixing the porous chitosan microspheres with tetraethoxysilane, performing hydrolysis reaction under an alkaline condition, filtering, drying and carbonizing to obtain pretreated porous carbon microspheres, reacting the pretreated porous carbon microspheres with epoxy resin and ethanolamine in sequence under the action of isocyanate, filtering, washing and drying;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) with a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution, filtering to obtain a pretreated adsorbing material, sequentially mixing the pretreated adsorbing material with a chitosan solution and a sodium lignosulfonate solution, filtering, washing and drying;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) in water, adding bamboo fibers, performing suction filtration to obtain a pretreated nanofiber membrane, mixing the pretreated nanofiber membrane with a halogenated hydrocarbon solution, adding potassium iodide and water, reacting under an alkaline condition, filtering, washing and drying;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
As optimization, the preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) the absorbent cotton and chloroacetic acid solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 3-1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture under high pressure, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration, and drying;
(2) mixing chitosan and acetic acid solution according to a mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 10, mixing, adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 0.3-0.4 time of that of the chitosan and an emulsifier with the mass of 0.01-0.04 time of that of the chitosan, stirring and mixing to obtain a chitosan mixed solution, mixing the chitosan mixed solution with epoxy chloropropane according to the volume ratio of 50: 1-55: 1, mixing, stirring and reacting under an alkaline condition, filtering to obtain chitosan microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the chitosan microspheres to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, and mixing the porous chitosan microspheres with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-1: 8, mixing, adding an ethanol solution with the mass 40-50 times that of the porous chitosan, adjusting the pH value to 8-10, stirring and reacting, filtering, drying to obtain a pretreated porous carbon microsphere blank, carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blank to obtain the pretreated porous carbon microsphere, and mixing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere and anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-1: 20, adding toluene diisocyanate with the mass of 0.5-1.0 times of that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres and epoxy resin solution with the mass of 1-2 times of that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres, stirring and reacting under the inert gas atmosphere, filtering to obtain porous carbon microsphere blanks, and mixing the porous carbon microsphere blanks with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 12-1: 15, adding ethanolamine with the mass of 0.4-1.0 times of that of the porous carbon microsphere blank, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 10, mixing, stirring and dispersing, and filtering to obtain a pretreatment adsorbing material, wherein the pretreatment adsorbing material and the chitosan solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 12, mixing, stirring for reaction, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and mixing the filter cake and the sodium lignosulfonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 10, mixing, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) according to a mass ratio of 2: 1-3: 1, mixing, adding bamboo fibers with the mass of 0.1-0.2 time of that of the substances obtained in the step (1) and water with the mass of 100-120 times of that of the substances obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing, performing suction filtration to obtain a pretreated nanofiber membrane, and mixing the pretreated nanofiber membrane with a halogenated hydrocarbon solution according to the mass ratio of 18: 1-20: 1, mixing, adding potassium iodide accounting for 0.1-0.2 time of the mass of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and water accounting for 5-10 times of the mass of the pretreated nanofiber membrane, stirring and reacting under the condition that the pH value is 10-11, filtering, washing and drying;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4), namely detecting the purification rate of the product and the purification rate after washing.
And (3) optimizing, wherein the emulsifier in the step (2) is any one of span-80, span-60 or tween-80.
Preferably, the epoxy resin solution in the step (2) is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 10 to obtain the epoxy resin solution.
Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon solution in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 1, 6-dibromohexane and absolute ethyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing to obtain a halogenated hydrocarbon solution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adds the adsorption material when preparing the environment-friendly air purification material, firstly, the adsorption material contains porous carbon microspheres, after being added into the product, the adsorption material can adsorb the polluted gas contained in the air, thereby improving the purification efficiency of the product, secondly, the adsorption material uses chitosan and sodium lignosulfonate to coat the surfaces of the porous carbon microspheres, thereby forming a micro-capsule structure with stimulus responsiveness on the surfaces of the porous carbon microspheres, and the content of large-aperture pores in the membrane can be reduced in the using process of the product, thereby improving the adsorption effect of the product on fine particles, simultaneously, because of the existence of the micro-capsule layer on the surfaces of the porous carbon microspheres, the harmful gas adsorbed by the porous carbon can be prevented from being secondarily released in the using process of the product, thereby improving the purification effect of the product, and because the adsorption material also contains flexible chain segments containing hydroxyl, after being mixed with the nano-cellulose along with the adsorption material, can produce the hydrogen bond effort with between the nanometer cellulose to produce the physics winding with between the nanometer cellulose, thereby make the cohesion between adsorption material and the membrane improve, and then make the product still contain a large amount of adsorption particles after the washing, improve the reusability rate of product, finally, add halohydrocarbon solution and can form three-dimensional crosslinked network with the sodium lignosulfonate on porous carbon microsphere surface under the effect of potassium iodide in the product preparation process, thereby make the cohesion between adsorption material and the nanometer cellulose membrane further improve, thereby make the purification efficiency and the reusability rate of product further improve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present invention, the following examples are given, and the method for testing each index of the environment-friendly air purification material prepared in the following examples is as follows:
purification rate: the rings obtained in each exampleThe shape-preserving air purification material and the comparative product are placed in a place where the concentration of formaldehyde is 1.5ppm and the PM2.5 is 100mg/m3Has a volume of 1m3In the sealed glass cabinet, the formaldehyde removal rate and the PM2.5 removal rate of the product after being used for 2 hours are measured;
the lasting effect is as follows: washing each sample after the purification rate test in pH 9 water solution for 3 times, and placing in formaldehyde concentration of 1.5ppm and PM2.5 of 100mg/m3Has a volume of 1m3The formaldehyde removal rate and the removal rate of PM2.5 after 2 hours of use were measured.
Example 1:
an environment-friendly air purification material mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of nano-fiber, 12 parts of bamboo fiber, 8 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon solution and 24 parts of adsorbing material.
The preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing absorbent cotton with a chloroacetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 12% according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture in a high-pressure homogenizer at high pressure for 30 minutes, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration at the temperature of 80 ℃, the rotation speed of 180r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(2) mixing chitosan and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 2% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 00.4 times of that of the chitosan and an emulsifier with the mass of 0.04 time of that of the chitosan into a mixture of the chitosan and an acetic acid solution, stirring and mixing for 50min under the conditions that the temperature is 40 ℃ and the rotating speed is 400r/min to obtain a chitosan mixed solution, mixing the chitosan mixed solution with epoxy chloropropane according to the volume ratio of 50: 1, mixing the chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane in a beaker, controlling the pH of materials in the beaker to be 8.0, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain chitosan microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the chitosan microspheres for 24 hours by using petroleum ether to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, and mixing the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 70% and the mass of 50 times that of the porous chitosan into a mixture of the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane, adjusting the pH to 8, stirring and reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering, drying for 1 hour at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks, carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microspheres, and mixing the pretreated porous carbon microspheres with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, mixing the mixture in a reaction kettle, adding toluene diisocyanate with the mass of 0.5 of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres and epoxy resin solution with the mass of 2 times that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres into the reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle at the speed of 60mL/min, stirring and reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain porous carbon microsphere blanks, and mixing the porous carbon microsphere blanks with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, adding ethanolamine which is 0.8 time of the mass of the porous carbon microsphere blank into the mixture of the porous carbon microsphere blank and the anhydrous acetone, stirring and reacting for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering to obtain filter residue, washing the filter residue for 8 times by using anhydrous ethanol and acetone respectively, and drying for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) with a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution with the mass fraction of 10% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and dispersing for 20min at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 350r/min, filtering to obtain a pretreatment adsorbing material, and mixing the pretreatment adsorbing material with a chitosan solution with the concentration of 5g/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and mixing the filter cake with a sodium lignosulfonate solution with the concentration of 5g/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain an adsorbing material blank, washing the adsorbing material blank for 8 times by using water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, mixing, adding bamboo fibers with the mass being 0.2 time of that of the substances obtained in the step (1) and water with the mass being 120 times of that of the substances obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, performing suction filtration to obtain a pretreated nanofiber membrane, and mixing the pretreated nanofiber membrane with a halogenated hydrocarbon solution according to the mass ratio of 18: 1, adding potassium iodide with the mass being 0.1 time of that of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and water with the mass being 10 times of that of the pretreated nanofiber membrane into a mixture of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and a halohydrocarbon solution, stirring and reacting for 8 hours under the conditions of pH 11, temperature of 50 ℃ and rotating speed of 360r/min, filtering to obtain an environment-friendly air purification material blank, washing the environment-friendly air purification material blank with water for 6 times, and drying for 4 hours under the temperature of 60 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
And (3) optimally, the emulsifier in the step (2) is span-80.
Preferably, the epoxy resin solution in the step (2) is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 10 to obtain the epoxy resin solution.
Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon solution in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 1, 6-dibromohexane and absolute ethyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing to obtain a halogenated hydrocarbon solution.
Example 2:
an environment-friendly air purification material mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of nano-fiber, 12 parts of bamboo fiber, 8 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon solution and 24 parts of adsorbing material.
The preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing absorbent cotton with a chloroacetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 12% according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture in a high-pressure homogenizer at high pressure for 30 minutes, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration at the temperature of 80 ℃, the rotation speed of 180r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(2) mixing chitosan and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 2% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 00.4 times of that of the chitosan and an emulsifier with the mass of 0.04 time of that of the chitosan into a mixture of the chitosan and an acetic acid solution, stirring and mixing for 50min under the conditions that the temperature is 40 ℃ and the rotating speed is 400r/min to obtain a chitosan mixed solution, mixing the chitosan mixed solution with epoxy chloropropane according to the volume ratio of 50: 1, mixing the chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane in a beaker, controlling the pH of materials in the beaker to be 8.0, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain chitosan microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the chitosan microspheres for 24 hours by using petroleum ether to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, and mixing the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 70 percent, which is 50 times of the mass of the porous chitosan, into the mixture of the porous chitosan microspheres and the tetraethoxysilane, adjusting the pH to 8, stirring and reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering, drying for 1 hour at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks, and carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) with a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution with the mass fraction of 10% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and dispersing for 20min at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 350r/min, filtering to obtain a pretreatment adsorbing material, and mixing the pretreatment adsorbing material with a chitosan solution with the concentration of 5g/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and mixing the filter cake with a sodium lignosulfonate solution with the concentration of 5g/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain an adsorbing material blank, washing the adsorbing material blank for 8 times by using water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, mixing, adding bamboo fibers with the mass being 0.2 time of that of the substances obtained in the step (1) and water with the mass being 120 times of that of the substances obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, performing suction filtration to obtain a pretreated nanofiber membrane, and mixing the pretreated nanofiber membrane with a halogenated hydrocarbon solution according to the mass ratio of 18: 1, adding potassium iodide with the mass being 0.1 time of that of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and water with the mass being 10 times of that of the pretreated nanofiber membrane into a mixture of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and a halohydrocarbon solution, stirring and reacting for 8 hours under the conditions of pH 11, temperature of 50 ℃ and rotating speed of 360r/min, filtering to obtain an environment-friendly air purification material blank, washing the environment-friendly air purification material blank with water for 6 times, and drying for 4 hours under the temperature of 60 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
And (3) optimally, the emulsifier in the step (2) is span-80.
Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon solution in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 1, 6-dibromohexane and absolute ethyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing to obtain a halogenated hydrocarbon solution.
Example 3:
an environment-friendly air purification material mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of nano-fiber, 12 parts of bamboo fiber, 8 parts of halogenated hydrocarbon solution and 24 parts of adsorbing material.
The preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing absorbent cotton with a chloroacetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 12% according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture in a high-pressure homogenizer at high pressure for 30 minutes, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration at the temperature of 80 ℃, the rotation speed of 180r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(2) mixing chitosan and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 2% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 00.4 times of that of the chitosan and an emulsifier with the mass of 0.04 time of that of the chitosan into a mixture of the chitosan and an acetic acid solution, stirring and mixing for 50min under the conditions that the temperature is 40 ℃ and the rotating speed is 400r/min to obtain a chitosan mixed solution, mixing the chitosan mixed solution with epoxy chloropropane according to the volume ratio of 50: 1, mixing the chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane in a beaker, controlling the pH of materials in the beaker to be 8.0, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain chitosan microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the chitosan microspheres for 24 hours by using petroleum ether to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, and mixing the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 70% and the mass of 50 times that of the porous chitosan into a mixture of the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane, adjusting the pH to 8, stirring and reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering, drying for 1 hour at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks, carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microspheres, and mixing the pretreated porous carbon microspheres with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, mixing the mixture in a reaction kettle, adding toluene diisocyanate with the mass of 0.5 of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres and epoxy resin solution with the mass of 2 times that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres into the reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle at the speed of 60mL/min, stirring and reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain porous carbon microsphere blanks, and mixing the porous carbon microsphere blanks with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, adding ethanolamine which is 0.8 time of the mass of the porous carbon microsphere blank into the mixture of the porous carbon microsphere blank and the anhydrous acetone, stirring and reacting for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering to obtain filter residue, washing the filter residue for 8 times by using anhydrous ethanol and acetone respectively, and drying for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) with a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution with the mass fraction of 10% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and dispersing for 20min at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 350r/min, filtering to obtain an adsorbing material blank, washing the adsorbing material blank for 8 times by using water, and drying for 2h at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, mixing, adding bamboo fibers with the mass being 0.2 time of that of the substances obtained in the step (1) and water with the mass being 120 times of that of the substances obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, performing suction filtration to obtain a pretreated nanofiber membrane, and mixing the pretreated nanofiber membrane with a halogenated hydrocarbon solution according to the mass ratio of 18: 1, adding potassium iodide with the mass being 0.1 time of that of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and water with the mass being 10 times of that of the pretreated nanofiber membrane into a mixture of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and a halohydrocarbon solution, stirring and reacting for 8 hours under the conditions of pH 11, temperature of 50 ℃ and rotating speed of 360r/min, filtering to obtain an environment-friendly air purification material blank, washing the environment-friendly air purification material blank with water for 6 times, and drying for 4 hours under the temperature of 60 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
And (3) optimally, the emulsifier in the step (2) is span-80.
Preferably, the epoxy resin solution in the step (2) is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 10 to obtain the epoxy resin solution.
Preferably, the halogenated hydrocarbon solution in the step (4) is prepared by mixing 1, 6-dibromohexane and absolute ethyl alcohol in a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing to obtain a halogenated hydrocarbon solution.
Example 4:
an environment-friendly air purification material mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of nano-fiber, 12 parts of bamboo fiber and 24 parts of adsorbing material.
The preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing absorbent cotton with a chloroacetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 12% according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture in a high-pressure homogenizer at high pressure for 30 minutes, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration at the temperature of 80 ℃, the rotation speed of 180r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(2) mixing chitosan and an acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 2% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, adding ethyl acetate with the mass of 00.4 times of that of the chitosan and an emulsifier with the mass of 0.04 time of that of the chitosan into a mixture of the chitosan and an acetic acid solution, stirring and mixing for 50min under the conditions that the temperature is 40 ℃ and the rotating speed is 400r/min to obtain a chitosan mixed solution, mixing the chitosan mixed solution with epoxy chloropropane according to the volume ratio of 50: 1, mixing the chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane in a beaker, controlling the pH of materials in the beaker to be 8.0, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain chitosan microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the chitosan microspheres for 24 hours by using petroleum ether to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, and mixing the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, adding an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 70% and the mass of 50 times that of the porous chitosan into a mixture of the porous chitosan microspheres and tetraethoxysilane, adjusting the pH to 8, stirring and reacting for 12 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering, drying for 1 hour at the temperature of 80 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks, carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blanks for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain pretreated porous carbon microspheres, and mixing the pretreated porous carbon microspheres with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 20, mixing the mixture in a reaction kettle, adding toluene diisocyanate with the mass of 0.5 of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres and epoxy resin solution with the mass of 2 times that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres into the reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen into the reaction kettle at the speed of 60mL/min, stirring and reacting for 24 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering to obtain porous carbon microsphere blanks, and mixing the porous carbon microsphere blanks with anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 15, adding ethanolamine which is 0.8 time of the mass of the porous carbon microsphere blank into the mixture of the porous carbon microsphere blank and the anhydrous acetone, stirring and reacting for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 280r/min, filtering to obtain filter residue, washing the filter residue for 8 times by using anhydrous ethanol and acetone respectively, and drying for 4 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) with a sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution with the mass fraction of 10% according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and dispersing for 20min at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 350r/min, filtering to obtain a pretreatment adsorbing material, and mixing the pretreatment adsorbing material with a chitosan solution with the concentration of 5g/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 12, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 320r/min, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and mixing the filter cake with a sodium lignosulfonate solution with the concentration of 5g/L according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, stirring and reacting at the temperature of 35 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, filtering, adsorbing material blanks, washing the adsorbing material blanks for 8 times by using water, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) according to a mass ratio of 3: 1, mixing, adding bamboo fiber with the mass 0.2 time of that of the substance obtained in the step (1) and water with the mass 120 time of that of the substance obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, performing suction filtration, and drying for 4h at the temperature of 60 ℃;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
And (3) optimally, the emulsifier in the step (2) is span-80.
Preferably, the epoxy resin solution in the step (2) is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 10 to obtain the epoxy resin solution.
Comparative example:
an environment-friendly air purification material mainly comprises the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of nano fibers and 12 parts of bamboo fibers.
The preparation process of the environment-friendly air purification material comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing absorbent cotton with a chloroacetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 12% according to the mass ratio of 1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotation speed of 300r/min to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture in a high-pressure homogenizer at high pressure for 30 minutes, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration at the temperature of 80 ℃, the rotation speed of 180r/min and the pressure of 600kPa until the water content is 0.1%, and drying for 2 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
(2) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and bamboo fiber according to a mass ratio of 5: 1, mixing, adding water with the mass 120 times of that of the substance obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing for 40min at the temperature of 40 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300r/min, performing suction filtration, and drying for 4h at the temperature of 60 ℃;
(3) and (3) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (2).
Example of effects:
table 1 below shows the index analysis results of the environment-friendly air purification materials and the preparation processes thereof using examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative examples.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1: the adsorption material is added into the product, so that the purification rate of the nano cellulose membrane on fine particles in the air can be effectively improved, and the adsorption quantity of the product on harmful gas can be improved, as can be obtained from the comparison between the example 1 and the example 2, when the flexible chain segment containing hydroxyl is not added into the product, the product still has better adsorption on harmful formaldehyde gas and good adsorption on fine particles, but after washing treatment, the removal rate of the product on the harmful gas and the fine particles is obviously reduced, because the reduction of the flexible chain segment containing hydroxyl reduces the binding force between the adsorption material and the nano cellulose membrane; as can be seen from comparison between examples 1 and 3, when the adsorption material does not contain a microcapsule layer of chitosan and sodium lignosulfonate, the removal rate of the product to fine particles and harmful gases is better at the beginning, but after washing, the removal rate of the product to fine particles and harmful gases is seriously reduced because the pore diameter of pores in the nano cellulose membrane is increased due to the disappearance of the microcapsule layer, and the adsorption material is seriously lost after washing; comparing example 1 with example 4, it can be seen that when no halohydrocarbon solution is added to the product, the removal rate of formaldehyde and fine particles from the beginning of the product is better, but after washing, the three-dimensional network of halohydrocarbon and sodium lignosulfonate disappears due to no halohydrocarbon solution, so that the pore diameter of the product in the washed nano cellulose membrane is increased, the adsorption material is partially lost, and the removal rate of formaldehyde and fine particles from the washed product is slightly reduced.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein, and any reference thereto is therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation process of an environment-friendly air purification material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the absorbent cotton and chloroacetic acid solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 3-1: 4, mixing, stirring and reacting to obtain a carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture, homogenizing the carboxymethyl modified absorbent cotton mixture under high pressure, carrying out rotary evaporation and concentration, and drying;
(2) mixing chitosan and acetic acid solution according to a mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 10, mixing, and adding ethyl acetate which is 0.3-0.4 time of the mass of the chitosan and an emulsifier which is 0.01-0.04 time of the mass of the chitosan, wherein the emulsifier is any one of span-80, span-60 or tween-80; stirring and mixing to obtain a chitosan mixed solution, wherein the chitosan mixed solution and epoxy chloropropane are mixed according to the volume ratio of 50: 1-55: 1, mixing, stirring and reacting under an alkaline condition, filtering to obtain chitosan microspheres, performing Soxhlet extraction on the chitosan microspheres to obtain porous chitosan microspheres, and mixing the porous chitosan microspheres with tetraethoxysilane according to a mass ratio of 1: 5-1: 8, mixing, adding an ethanol solution with the mass 40-50 times that of the porous chitosan, adjusting the pH value to 8-10, stirring and reacting, filtering, drying to obtain a pretreated porous carbon microsphere blank, carbonizing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere blank to obtain the pretreated porous carbon microsphere, and mixing the pretreated porous carbon microsphere and anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 10-1: 20, adding toluene diisocyanate with the mass of 0.5-1.0 time of that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres and an epoxy resin solution with the mass of 1-2 times of that of the pretreated porous carbon microspheres, wherein the epoxy resin solution is prepared by mixing epoxy resin E-44 and xylene according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing to obtain an epoxy resin solution; stirring and reacting under the inert gas atmosphere, filtering to obtain porous carbon microsphere blank, and mixing the porous carbon microsphere blank and anhydrous acetone according to the mass ratio of 1: 12-1: 15, adding ethanolamine with the mass of 0.4-1.0 times of that of the porous carbon microsphere blank, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying;
(3) mixing the substance obtained in the step (2) and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate solution according to the mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 10, mixing, stirring and dispersing, and filtering to obtain a pretreatment adsorbing material, wherein the pretreatment adsorbing material and the chitosan solution are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 12, mixing, stirring for reaction, filtering to obtain a filter cake, and mixing the filter cake and the sodium lignosulfonate solution according to a mass ratio of 1: 8-1: 10, mixing, stirring for reaction, filtering, washing and drying;
(4) mixing the substance obtained in the step (1) and the substance obtained in the step (3) according to a mass ratio of 2: 1-3: 1, mixing, adding bamboo fibers with the mass of 0.1-0.2 time of that of the substances obtained in the step (1) and water with the mass of 100-120 times of that of the substances obtained in the step (1), stirring and mixing, performing suction filtration to obtain a pretreated nanofiber membrane, and mixing the pretreated nanofiber membrane with a halogenated hydrocarbon solution according to the mass ratio of 18: 1-20: 1, and mixing the halogenated hydrocarbon solution with 1, 6-dibromohexane and absolute ethyl alcohol according to a mass ratio of 2: 1, mixing to obtain a halogenated hydrocarbon solution; adding potassium iodide accounting for 0.1-0.2 time of the mass of the pretreated nanofiber membrane and water accounting for 5-10 times of the mass of the pretreated nanofiber membrane, stirring and reacting under the condition that the pH value is 10-11, filtering, washing and drying;
(5) and (4) performing index analysis on the product obtained in the step (4).
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Application publication date: 20200410 |