CN110975150B - Method for determining transition point and related product - Google Patents
Method for determining transition point and related product Download PDFInfo
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- CN110975150B CN110975150B CN201911306390.4A CN201911306390A CN110975150B CN 110975150 B CN110975150 B CN 110975150B CN 201911306390 A CN201911306390 A CN 201911306390A CN 110975150 B CN110975150 B CN 110975150B
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- A61N2/00—Magnetotherapy
- A61N2/004—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy
- A61N2/006—Magnetotherapy specially adapted for a specific therapy for magnetic stimulation of nerve tissue
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- A61B5/316—Modalities, i.e. specific diagnostic methods
- A61B5/369—Electroencephalography [EEG]
- A61B5/377—Electroencephalography [EEG] using evoked responses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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- A61M21/00—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis
- A61M2021/0005—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus
- A61M2021/0055—Other devices or methods to cause a change in the state of consciousness; Devices for producing or ending sleep by mechanical, optical, or acoustical means, e.g. for hypnosis by the use of a particular sense, or stimulus with electric or electro-magnetic fields
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a method for determining transition points and related products. The method comprises the following steps: performing transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain for k times after visual stimulation to obtain a reaction result set, wherein the reaction result in the reaction result set is the reaction result of the brain on target visual stimulation under the action of any one TMS in the k times of TMS, and k is an integer larger than 1; and determining transition points according to reaction results in the reaction result set, wherein the transition points are turning points of the brain on the attention selection process and the attention inhibition process of the disturbance items after the visual stimulus appears, the visual stimulus comprises the disturbance items, and the disturbance items are visual stimuli different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus. The TMS stimulus is given while the visual search task is carried out, and the TMS stimulus randomly appears at different time points, so that the influence on different attention processing processes is detected, and the effect of regulating and controlling the attention enhancing or attention inhibiting effect generated by TMS is realized by controlling the time points of TMS intervention.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a method for determining transition points and related products.
Background
Along with the rapid development of modern science and technology, the life rhythm of people becomes faster and faster, so that the working and life pressures are increased, the symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia and the like are also frequently caused, and the symptoms cause great harm to the body, including memory deterioration, anxiety pain, mental weakness, weak attention and the like, so that great trouble is brought to the daily life of people. At present, the therapeutic effects of the medicines for treating the diseases or symptoms have different side effects, which can cause adverse reactions of human bodies and cause heavy economic burden to people, so that patients need more effective treatment modes. With the development of technology, a non-invasive brain regulation technology, namely transcranial magnetic stimulation (transcranial magnetic stimulation, TMS) inoculation, mainly achieves the treatment purpose through different frequencies, the high frequency mainly plays a role of excitation, the low frequency plays a role of inhibition, and the technology is expected to realize painless and non-invasive improvement of advanced brain cognitive functions.
According to research, when the brain searches one target graphic item in a plurality of non-target graphic items, the disturbance item needs to be ignored, the TMS stimulation is continuously performed on the right rear top area of the brain before the searching task is performed, the disturbance effect generated by the disturbance item can be reduced, and the forehead area on the right side of the brain is stimulated during the searching task, so that similar conclusion can be obtained. According to brain electricity research, when the brain is doing search tasks, the processing of the interference item mainly comprises two continuous processes of attention selection processing and attention inhibition processing, wherein the attention selection processing is mainly for enhancing the attention of the interference item, the attention inhibition processing is mainly for inhibiting the attention of the interference item, the transition points of the two processes are about 200-350ms, and the current TMS stimulation cannot find the transition points so as to specifically act on different processing processes to realize the effect of accurately regulating the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition of the brain.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application discloses a method for determining transition points and related products. In the method, TMS stimulation is given while a visual search task is carried out, and the TMS stimulation randomly occurs at different time points, so that the influence on different attention processing processes is detected, and the effect of regulating and controlling the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition effect generated by TMS is realized by controlling the time point of TMS intervention.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a transition point, where the method includes:
performing transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain for k times after visual stimulation occurs to obtain a reaction result set, wherein the reaction result set comprises at least two reaction results, the reaction results in the reaction result set are the reaction results of the brain on target visual stimulation under the action of any one TMS in the k TMS, the visual stimulation comprises the target visual stimulation, and k is an integer greater than 1;
and determining transition points according to the reaction results in the reaction result set, wherein the transition points are turning points of the brain for the attention selection process and the attention inhibition process of the interference items after the visual stimulus appears, the visual stimulus comprises the interference items, and the interference items are visual stimuli different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus.
In the implementation mode, TMS stimulation is given while the visual search task is carried out, and the TMS stimulation randomly occurs at different time points, so that the influence on different attention processing processes is detected, and the effect of regulating and controlling the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition effect generated by TMS is realized by controlling the time point of TMS intervention.
In an alternative implementation, the performing the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulation occurs includes:
and at least equally dividing a period of time after the visual stimulus appears into k equal parts, taking any equal part as the initial time point of the first TMS action in the k TMS, wherein the time interval of any two adjacent TMS in the k TMS is consistent with any equal part in the k equal parts.
In the implementation manner, a plurality of time points with theoretical basis of TMS action are determined according to the existing electroencephalogram result, so that different processing stages of the action are distinguished, the coverage time of each action is shortened, the action presenting effect is more accurate, the setting of a plurality of action time points is also facilitated, the setting of a plurality of action time points also covers the two processes of attention selection process and attention suppression process, and the TMS action efficiency is higher.
In an optional implementation manner, the determining the transition point according to the reaction result in the reaction result set includes:
respectively calculating interference effect values of N reaction results in the reaction result set to obtain an interference effect value set, wherein the interference effect value set comprises N interference effect values, the N interference effect values are in one-to-one correspondence with the N reaction results, the N interference effect values comprise target interference effect values, the N reaction results comprise target reaction results, the target interference effect values represent the difference between the target reaction results and reference reaction results, the reference reaction results are reaction results obtained under the condition that the visual stimulus does not comprise the interference item, and the N is an integer greater than 1;
generating an interference effect curve according to the change condition of the N interference effect values along with the time points of the k TMS actions, wherein the ordinate value of a target point on the interference effect curve is the target interference effect value, the target interference effect value is calculated at the time points of the k TMS actions, and the abscissa of the target point is the time points of the target TMS actions;
And determining a time point corresponding to the minimum value point on the interference effect curve as the transition point.
In the implementation manner, by calculating the reaction result obtained under the action of TMS each time, the interference effect value under the action of TMS each time can be obtained, the interference effect value is reflected under the action of TMS each time, the difference between the reaction results obtained under the two conditions that the visual stimulus contains the interference item and the visual stimulus does not contain the interference item is large, the N interference effect values and the TMS action are in one-to-one corresponding function relation, so that an interference effect curve can be generated according to the function relation, the shape of the interference effect curve is similar to that of two connected milk peaks, the minimum point between the two connected milk peaks is a transition point, the transition points of the two processes of the attention selection process and the attention inhibition process are represented, and the transition point is obtained in the curve fitting mode, so that the result is more accurate and reliable.
In an alternative implementation, any one of the set of reaction results includes a reaction time that characterizes a time taken for the brain to appear from the visual stimulus until the target visual stimulus is identified, and a reaction accuracy that characterizes a probability that the brain correctly identified the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus; the calculating the interference effect values of the N reaction results in the reaction result set respectively comprises:
Calculating an interference effect value of the target reaction result to obtain the target interference effect value, wherein the target reaction result comprises target reaction time and target reaction accuracy, the target interference effect value is a weighted sum of a first difference value and a second difference value, the first difference value represents the difference between the target reaction time and reference reaction time, the second difference value represents the difference between the target reaction accuracy and reference reaction accuracy, and the reference reaction result comprises the reference reaction time and the reference reaction accuracy.
In the implementation manner, the reaction result obtained under the action of TMS each time is further limited, the calculation mode of the interference effect value obtained under the action of TMS each time is further optimized, specifically, two indexes of reaction time and reaction accuracy are taken as main basis of the reaction result, the reaction result can be more conveniently obtained, the presented reaction result is more objective, the calculation mode of the interference effect value is also obtained by weighting and summing according to the two indexes, and therefore the calculated interference effect value is more scientific and accurate.
In an alternative implementation, after performing the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulation occurs, the method further includes:
If the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus within the target time, displaying the next visual stimulus;
and if the brain does not correctly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time, displaying an error prompt, wherein the error prompt is used for prompting the brain to incorrectly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time.
In the implementation mode, whether the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus or not is judged to make different display, if the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus, the next visual stimulus is displayed, multiple visual stimulus training can be performed continuously, reaction results under the action of a plurality of TMSs are obtained, the results are more universal, if the brain is not correctly recognized, the brain is prompted to recognize the error, and the accuracy of subsequent training is improved.
In an alternative implementation, before performing the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulation occurs, the method further includes:
the visual stimulus is displayed, the visual stimulus being used to indicate that the brain correctly identified the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus.
In this implementation, the visual stimulus is mainly displayed by the visual presentation system, and the visual presentation system can have various implementation forms, and in this implementation form, the visual presentation system is a device with a high refresh rate and an attention test task presented on the device, and is used for the attention test task, and the visual search task is presented in a visual stimulus manner, and the task mainly focuses on the difference between the response time and the response accuracy obtained under the condition that the interference item appears and does not appear.
In the embodiment of the application, the TMS stimulus is given while the visual search task is performed, and the TMS stimulus randomly appears at different time points, so that the influence on different attention processing processes is detected, and the effect of regulating and controlling the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition effect generated by TMS is realized by controlling the time point of TMS intervention.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
a TMS unit, which is used for performing transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain for k times after visual stimulation appears to obtain a reaction result set, wherein the reaction result set comprises at least two reaction results, the reaction results in the reaction result set are the reaction results of the brain on target visual stimulation under the action of any one TMS in the k times of TMS, the visual stimulation comprises the target visual stimulation, and k is an integer larger than 1;
the determining unit is used for determining transition points according to the reaction results in the reaction result set, wherein the transition points are turning points of the brain to the attention selection process and the attention inhibition process of the interference items after the visual stimulus appears, the visual stimulus comprises the interference items, and the interference items are visual stimuli different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus.
In an alternative implementation, the TMS unit is specifically configured to divide the period of time after the appearance of the visual stimulus into at least k equal parts, and take any one of the equal parts as the starting time point of the first TMS action in the k TMS, where the time interval between any two adjacent TMS in the k TMS is consistent with any one of the k equal parts.
In an alternative implementation, the determining unit includes:
the computing unit is used for respectively computing interference effect values of N reaction results in the reaction result set to obtain an interference effect value set, wherein the interference effect value set comprises N interference effect values, the N interference effect values are in one-to-one correspondence with the N reaction results, the N interference effect values comprise target interference effect values, the N reaction results comprise target reaction results, the target interference effect values represent the difference between the target reaction results and reference reaction results, the reference reaction results are reaction results obtained under the condition that the visual stimulus does not comprise the interference item, and the N is an integer greater than 1;
the generating unit is used for generating an interference effect curve according to the change condition of the N interference effect values along with the time points of the k TMS actions, wherein the ordinate value of a target point on the interference effect curve is the target interference effect value, the target interference effect value is calculated at the time points of the target TMS actions in the k TMS actions, and the abscissa of the target point is the time points of the target TMS actions;
The determining unit is specifically configured to determine a time point corresponding to a minimum point on the interference effect curve as the transition point.
In an alternative implementation, any one of the set of reaction results includes a reaction time that characterizes a time taken for the brain to appear from the visual stimulus until the target visual stimulus is identified, and a reaction accuracy that characterizes a probability that the brain correctly identified the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus;
the calculation unit is specifically configured to calculate an interference effect value of the target reaction result to obtain the target interference effect value, where the target reaction result includes a target reaction time and a target reaction accuracy, the target interference effect value is a weighted sum of a first difference value and a second difference value, the first difference value characterizes a difference between the target reaction time and a reference reaction time, the second difference value characterizes a difference between the target reaction accuracy and a reference reaction accuracy, and the reference reaction result includes the reference reaction time and the reference reaction accuracy.
In an alternative implementation, the apparatus further includes:
the display unit is used for displaying the next visual stimulus if the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus within the target time after the TMS unit performs the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulus appears; and if the brain does not correctly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time, displaying an error prompt, wherein the error prompt is used for prompting the brain to incorrectly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time.
In an alternative implementation, the display unit is further configured to display the visual stimulus before the TMS unit performs the transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain k times after the visual stimulus occurs, where the visual stimulus is used to indicate that the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for determining a transition point, including a processor and a memory; the processor is configured to support the audio processing device to perform the respective functions of the first aspect and the method of the optional implementation manner of the first aspect. The memory holds programs (instructions) and data necessary for the audio processing device. Optionally, the audio processing device may further comprise an input/output interface for supporting communication between the audio processing device and other devices.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing one or more instructions adapted to be loaded by the processor and to perform a method as in the first aspect and optional implementations of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the first aspect and any of its alternative implementations.
In the application, TMS action is given when visual search tasks are carried out, the TMS action randomly appears at different time points, so that the influence on different attention processing processes is detected, the TMS action is carried out at different time points after the visual search tasks appear by controlling the time points of TMS intervention, and the effect of regulating and controlling the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition effect generated by TMS is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the background art of the present application, the following description will briefly explain the drawings needed in the embodiments or the background art, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining transition points according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of another method for determining transition points according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of visual stimulus provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a visual search task according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining transition points according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments.
The terms first, second, third and the like in the description and in the claims of the present application and in the above-described figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or priority. The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description embodiments and claims of the present application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such as a series of steps or elements. The method, system, article, or apparatus is not necessarily limited to those explicitly listed but may include other steps or elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
The embodiment of the application provides a transition point determining method, and the scheme of the application is described more clearly. Some knowledge related to determining transition points is first described below.
Transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS: the non-invasive stimulation of brain tissue is achieved through the skull by generating a varying magnetic field through a high voltage large capacitance transient discharge. TMS is a noninvasive, stimulation technique focused on specific cerebral cortex, capable of modulating the excitability of cerebral cortex. It can not only cause biological effects, but it can also produce biological effects that persist until after stimulation ceases. Thus, the action of TMS on a particular cerebral cortex can affect brain processing mechanisms (e.g., cognition, emotion, etc.). TMS is currently increasingly used in psychological or psychiatric therapies and cognitive research due to its safety and noninvasiveness.
Visual search tasks: the functions noted can be substantially divided into two categories: attention enhancement to current task related information and attention suppression to task independent information. Visual search tasks are important task paradigms for research attention. In a visual search task, a picture typically contains a plurality of graphical items, one of which is a search target and the others of which are non-targets, and if they contain very striking non-targets, interference items (e.g., green apples book searches for an apple, other green leaves are non-targets, and very striking red birds on the tree are interference items). The test needs to search for a target pattern, ignoring the interference term. It has been found that continuous TMS stimulation of the right posterior apical area of the brain (right PPC) prior to the search task reduces the disturbing effects (response time or accuracy differences with and without disturbance) produced by the interfering term. Recent 2019 studies have found that in a visual search task, the forehead area on the right side of the brain is stimulated during the task, and similar conclusions can be obtained. Specifically, the effect of disturbance can be reduced by performing TMS stimulation 3 consecutive times at a frequency of 10hz after each search picture appears, at the right forehead area at the location of stimulation.
Embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a transition point according to an embodiment of the present application.
101. The TMS stimulation system carries out transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after visual stimulation appears to obtain a reaction result set, wherein k is an integer larger than 1.
After the visual presentation system displays the visual stimulus, the brain needs to identify the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus within the target time. And (3) continuously performing TMS action on the brain for k times at a certain frequency by using a TMS stimulation system, recording the response time and the response accuracy of the brain under each TMS action, and obtaining a plurality of response time and response accuracy as a response result set, wherein the response result in the response result set is the response result of the brain to target visual stimulation under any one TMS action in the k TMS actions. The TMS may be performed at a frequency of between 10hz and 20hz, and in this embodiment, at a frequency of 10 hz. The k TMS actions on the brain may be specifically performed by dividing at least equal parts of a period of time after the occurrence of the visual stimulus into k equal parts, and performing the TMS action by taking any one of the equal parts as the initial time point of the first TMS action of the k TMS actions.
The visual presentation system and the TMS stimulation system are two systems which are independent and work cooperatively and can run on the same terminal equipment, the processor of the terminal equipment executes the operation of the visual presentation system and the TMS stimulation system, and the display screen displays each visual stimulation chart presented by the visual presentation system; the visual presentation system and the TMS stimulation system can also respectively operate on two different terminal devices which can mutually perform network communication, for example, the terminal devices operated by the visual presentation system can be display devices used for displaying contents on devices such as computers, mobile phones, intelligent wearing devices, liquid crystal displays, projectors and the like.
102. And determining a transition point by the TMS stimulation system according to the reaction result in the reaction result set.
After the TMS stimulation system obtains the reaction result set, the interference effect value of the reaction result in the reaction result set is calculated respectively, the interference effect value is mainly calculated according to two indexes of reaction time and reaction accuracy, a specific calculation mode is obtained according to a weighted sum of the two indexes, in addition, the two indexes can be calculated according to a mathematical relation other than the weighted sum to obtain a corresponding interference effect value, the interference effect value is reflected under the same TMS effect, and the difference between the reaction results obtained under the two conditions that the visual stimulation contains the interference item and does not contain the interference item is the difference of the reaction time and the reaction accuracy.
N interference effect values can be obtained according to the calculation mode of the interference effect values, the N interference effect values and TMS are in one-to-one corresponding function relation, so that an interference effect curve can be generated according to the function relation, the shape of the interference effect curve is similar to that of two connected milk peaks, the minimum value point between the two connected milk peaks is determined to be a transition point, the transition point represents the transition point of the two processes of the attention selection process and the attention suppression process, the transition point is obtained through the curve fitting mode, and the result can be more accurate and reliable.
After the transition point is determined, the attention selection process and the attention inhibition process can be clearly distinguished, so that the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition effect generated by TMS can be regulated and controlled by controlling the time point of the TMS effect and accurately acting on different processing processes. For example, after a series of visual stimulus tests and TMS action tests, the transition point of the brain of the tested person on the processing process of the disturbance item is determined to be near 280ms after the visual stimulus appears, so that the attention inhibition capability of the brain of the tested person on the disturbance item can be enhanced by enhancing the TMS action on the attention inhibition process after 280ms, the attention of the tested person can be gradually improved by scientifically controlling the TMS intervention time of transcranial magnetic stimulation, and the effect of painless and non-traumatic improvement of the brain advanced cognitive function is realized.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating another method for determining a transition point according to an embodiment of the present application.
201. The visual presentation system displays visual stimuli for visual search tasks.
The visual stimulus is mainly displayed by a visual presentation system, and the visual stimulus is used for performing various cognitive tests, and the visual presentation system can have various presentation forms, in this embodiment, a terminal device with a high refresh rate and attention test tasks presented on the terminal device are used for the attention test tasks, and the attention test tasks are visual search tasks which are presented in a visual stimulus mode, and mainly focus on the difference between response time and response accuracy obtained under the condition that interference items appear and do not appear.
Specific visual stimuli are shown in fig. 2a, and fig. 2a is a schematic view of visual stimuli provided in an embodiment of the present application. The schematic diagram comprises four visual stimulus diagrams, each visual stimulus diagram consists of a circle of six diagrams, each diagram is provided with a horizontal or vertical line segment, each circle of diagrams can consist of a plurality of circles and a diamond, or consists of a plurality of diamonds and a circle, the diagram with different shapes in one circle is a target visual stimulus, the visual search task is to instruct the brain to find the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus diagrams, and whether the line segment in the target visual stimulus is horizontal or vertical is judged. The color of the above-mentioned circle of patterns is randomly changed, possibly red or green, and in the circle of patterns in fig. 2a, the line graph shows that the pattern is red, the blank graph shows that the pattern is green, and the color of the non-target visual stimulus other than the target visual stimulus may appear in two cases: the color of the non-target visual stimulus is the same as the color of the target visual stimulus; one of the non-target visual stimuli is a different color than the target visual stimulus, and the non-target visual stimulus of the different color is an distractor (e.g., the color of the target visual stimulus is red, one of the non-target visual stimuli is green, and the other remaining non-target visual stimuli are red, and the green non-target visual stimulus is the distractor). As further described with reference to fig. 2a, in the 1 st visual stimulus diagram, six areas a, b, c, d, e, f are used to display six graphics respectively, and as can be seen from the above description, the graphics displayed in the areas a, b, and f are all red diamonds, the line segments in the graphics are vertical, the graphics displayed in the areas e and c are red diamonds, the line segments in the graphics are horizontal, the graphics displayed in the area d are red circles, the line segments in the graphics are horizontal, in the visual stimulus diagram, the graphics displayed in the area d are target visual stimulus, and the other graphics are non-target visual stimulus, without any interference. In the 3 rd visual stimulus diagram, the graph displayed in the area a is a red diamond, the line segments in the graph are vertical, the graphs displayed in the areas f and b are green diamond, the line segments in the graph are vertical, the graphs displayed in the areas e and d are green diamond, the line segments in the graph are horizontal, the graph displayed in the area c is a green circle, the line segments in the graph are horizontal, wherein the graph displayed in the area c is a target visual stimulus, the graph displayed in the area a is an interference item, and other graphs are all non-target visual stimuli. The specific information of six graphics contained in the 2 nd visual stimulus diagram and the 4 th visual stimulus diagram can be obtained by the same method.
The specific flow of the visual search task is shown in fig. 2b, and fig. 2b is a schematic diagram of the visual search task provided in the embodiment of the present application. The schematic diagram comprises three visual stimulus diagrams which are respectively important expressions of different stages of visual search tasks, the 1 st visual stimulus diagram is blank content, only a cross indication icon is displayed in the center position, the cross indication icon is a fixation point, the fixation point and the center connecting line of the eyes of a tested person are positioned at the same horizontal position, and the distance between the visual stimulus diagram and the eyes of the tested person is controlled in an auxiliary mode by a forehead bracket. The 2 nd visual stimulus diagram is a visual stimulus diagram in the process of performing a visual search task, and indicates that a tested person is performing a corresponding visual search task, the 3 rd visual stimulus diagram and the 1 st visual stimulus diagram display the same content, and indicate that the visual search task is finished, and blank content is redisplayed. Each time the visual search task starts, a specific visual stimulus diagram is presented, the tested person needs to identify the target visual stimulus within the target time and judge whether the line segment in the target visual stimulus is vertical or horizontal, the target time is possibly different under different application scenes, the target time is defined as 2s, and the visual stimulus diagram appearing each time is presented in front of the eyes of the tested person until the tested person reacts or the duration exceeds 2s. After each stimulus appears, the tested person enters the next test time if answering is correctly performed within the target time, if the answer is wrong, the system can send out a white noise prompt, if the tested person does not respond within 2 seconds after the stimulus appears, the system can prompt that the response is too slow, and the test is invalid.
202. The TMS stimulation system performed 2 consecutive TMS actions on the brain at a frequency of 10hz after visual stimulation.
The time point of TMS action is an important factor affecting the attention process, and in this embodiment, after the visual stimulus appears, the TMS stimulus system performs 2 continuous actions on the subject at a frequency of 10hz, and the time point of TMS action start may be 50ms, 150ms, 250ms, 350ms, or 450ms after the visual stimulus appears. Since it is known from electroencephalogram studies that the transition point between the attention selection process and the attention suppression process for the disturbance item is approximately between 200ms and 350ms after the appearance of visual stimulus, whereas the current technology performs TMS action only for one time point, namely 100ms after the start of visual stimulus, even if the TMS action is performed continuously 3 times with a frequency of 10hz, the processing stage of the TMS production action cannot be determined finely, since the time range of 100ms to 300ms after the appearance of visual stimulus is covered with the continuous 3 times of TMS action, which is just the transition point for the attention selection process and the attention suppression process for the disturbance item. Thus, this example allows to distinguish between the different processing stages of the effect by determining a number of theoretical TMS effect time points. The coverage time of each action is shortened by adopting 10hz of continuous 2 TMS actions, so that the action range is more accurate. After each time of TMS action time is shortened, setting of a plurality of TMS action time points is facilitated, and setting of 5 action time points is performed between 50ms and 550ms after visual stimulus appears in the embodiment, so that two possible processing procedures of an interference item including an attention selection process and an attention suppression process are covered.
203. The TMS stimulation system records the response time and response accuracy of the brain under each TMS effect after stimulation.
After visual stimulation occurs, the time spent by the brain in response to each TMS is recorded by a timing tool, which may be an external timer or a timer carried by the TMS stimulation system. The TMS stimulation system also judges whether the response of the brain is correct, the brain needs to identify the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus and correctly judges whether the line segment in the target visual stimulus is vertical or horizontal, and the response accuracy of the tested person is counted after the judgment result under the effect of TMS is obtained each time.
204. The TMS stimulation system calculates the disturbance effect values, respectively.
The interference effect value under each TMS action can be obtained by calculating the reaction result obtained under each TMS action, the interference effect value is reflected under the same TMS action, the difference between the reaction results obtained under the two conditions that the visual stimulus contains the interference item and does not contain the interference item can be further limited, the calculation mode of the interference effect value obtained under each TMS action can be further optimized, specifically, the two indexes of the reaction time and the reaction accuracy are taken as the main basis of the reaction result, the calculation mode of the interference effect value is also obtained by weighting and summing the two indexes, besides, the corresponding interference effect value can be obtained by calculating the two indexes through a mathematical relationship other than the weighted sum, so that the obtained interference effect value is more scientific and accurate, and the presented reaction result is more objective.
205. And generating an interference effect curve by the TMS stimulation system, and determining a transition point.
As can be seen from the above step 204, a reaction result is obtained under each TMS action, and according to the reaction result, an interference effect value under the TMS action can be calculated, so that a plurality of interference effect values can be obtained, each interference effect value is calculated under the corresponding TMS action, the interference effect value and the TMS action are in a one-to-one corresponding function relationship, therefore, a time point after the visual stimulus appears can be represented by an abscissa, the interference effect value calculated under the TMS action can be represented by an ordinate, a rectangular coordinate system is established, the time point of the TMS action corresponding to each interference effect value is represented by a dot in the coordinate system, the curves are simulated into a curve, the curve is a curve of the interference effect, the shape of the curve can be found by fitting to be similar to two connected milk peaks, a minimum point between the two connected milk peaks is determined as a turning point, the turning point of the two processes of the attention selecting process and the attention suppressing process is represented by an ordinate, and the curve can be more accurately obtained by the curve. After the transition point is determined, the attention selection process and the attention inhibition process can be clearly distinguished, so that the attention enhancement or the attention inhibition effect generated by TMS can be regulated and controlled by controlling the time point of the TMS effect and accurately acting on different processing processes.
The foregoing details the method of embodiments of the present application, and the apparatus of embodiments of the present application is provided below.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining a transition point according to an embodiment of the present application, where the device includes: a TMS unit 31 and a determination unit 32. Wherein:
a TMS unit 31, configured to perform transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on a brain k times after visual stimulation occurs, to obtain a reaction result set, where the reaction result set includes at least two reaction results, a reaction result in the reaction result set is a reaction result of the brain on a target visual stimulus under any one TMS of the k times TMS, the visual stimulus includes the target visual stimulus, and k is an integer greater than 1;
and a determining unit 32, configured to determine a transition point according to a reaction result in the reaction result set, where the transition point is a turning point of the brain for a disturbance item attention selection process and an attention suppression process after the visual stimulus, the visual stimulus includes the disturbance item, and the disturbance item is a visual stimulus different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus.
Further, the TMS unit 31 is specifically configured to divide the period of time after the occurrence of the visual stimulus into at least k equal parts, and take any one of the equal parts as the starting time point of the first TMS action in the k TMS, where the time interval between any two adjacent TMS in the k TMS is identical to any one of the k equal parts.
Further, the above-mentioned determination unit 32 includes:
a calculating unit 321, configured to calculate interference effect values of N reaction results in the reaction result set, respectively, to obtain an interference effect value set, where the interference effect value set includes N interference effect values, the N interference effect values are in one-to-one correspondence with the N reaction results, the N interference effect values include a target interference effect value, the N reaction results include a target reaction result, the target interference effect value indicates a difference between the target reaction result and a reference reaction result, and the reference reaction result is a reaction result obtained when the visual stimulus does not include the interference item, and the N is an integer greater than 1;
a generating unit 322, configured to generate an interference effect curve according to a variation situation of the N interference effect values along with the time points of the k TMS actions, where an ordinate value of a target point on the interference effect curve is the target interference effect value, the target interference effect value is calculated at the time points of the k TMS actions, and an abscissa of the target point is the time points of the target TMS actions;
The determining unit 32 is specifically configured to determine a time point corresponding to a minimum point on the interference effect curve as the transition point.
Further, any one of the set of reaction results includes a reaction time indicative of a time taken for the brain to appear from the visual stimulus until the target visual stimulus is identified, and a reaction accuracy indicative of a probability that the brain correctly identified the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus;
the calculating unit 321 is specifically configured to calculate an interference effect value of the target reaction result to obtain the target interference effect value, where the target reaction result includes a target reaction time and a target reaction accuracy, the target interference effect value is a weighted sum of a first difference value and a second difference value, the first difference value represents a difference between the target reaction time and a reference reaction time, the second difference value represents a difference between the target reaction accuracy and a reference reaction accuracy, and the reference reaction result includes the reference reaction time and the reference reaction accuracy.
Further, the apparatus further includes:
a display unit 33, configured to display a next visual stimulus if the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus within a target time after performing the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulus occurs by the TMS unit 31; and if the brain does not correctly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time, displaying an error prompt, wherein the error prompt is used for prompting the brain to incorrectly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time.
Further, the display unit 33 is further configured to display the visual stimulus for indicating that the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus before the TMS unit 31 performs the transcranial magnetic stimulation on the brain k times after the visual stimulus occurs.
According to an embodiment of the present application, each step involved in the method performed by the terminal device in fig. 1 to 2 may be performed by each unit in the apparatus shown in fig. 3. For example, 101 shown in fig. 1 is performed by 31 shown in fig. 3; as another example, 201 shown in fig. 2 is performed by 33 shown in fig. 3.
According to the embodiment of the application, each unit in the apparatus shown in fig. 3 may be separately or all combined into one or several other units, or some (some) units may be further split into a plurality of units with smaller functions to form the unit, which may achieve the same operation without affecting the implementation of the technical effects of the embodiment of the application. The above units are divided based on logic functions, and in practical applications, the functions of one unit may be implemented by a plurality of units, or the functions of a plurality of units may be implemented by one unit. In other embodiments of the present application, the server may also include other units, and in practical applications, these functions may also be implemented with assistance of other units, and may be implemented by cooperation of multiple units.
Based on the description of the method embodiment and the apparatus embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device, referring to fig. 4, as shown in fig. 4, the terminal device 400 may include: at least one processor 401, such as a CPU, at least one network interface 404, a user interface 403, a memory 405, at least one communication bus 402. Wherein communication bus 402 is used to enable connected communications between these components. The user interface 403 may include a display (display), an input device, and the optional user interface 403 may also include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface, among others. The network interface 404 may optionally include a standard wired interface, a wireless interface (e.g., WI-FI interface). The memory 405 may be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The memory 405 may also optionally be at least one storage device located remotely from the aforementioned processor 401. As shown in fig. 4, an operating system, a network communication module, a user interface module, and a device control application may be included in the memory 405, which is one type of computer storage medium.
In the terminal 400 shown in fig. 4, the network interface 404 is mainly used for connecting to a server; while user interface 403 is primarily an interface for providing input to a user; and processor 401 may be used to invoke a device control application stored in memory 405 to implement: performing transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain for k times after visual stimulation to obtain a reaction result set, wherein the reaction result set comprises at least two reaction results, the reaction results in the reaction result set are the reaction results of the brain on target visual stimulation under the action of any one TMS in the k TMS, the visual stimulation comprises the target visual stimulation, and k is an integer larger than 1; and determining transition points according to the reaction results in the reaction result set, wherein the transition points are turning points of the brain on the attention selecting process and the attention suppressing process of the disturbance items after the visual stimulus appears, the visual stimulus comprises the disturbance items, and the disturbance items are visual stimuli different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus.
Furthermore, it should be noted here that: the embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer storage medium, in which a computer program executed by the aforementioned terminal device is stored, and the computer program includes program instructions, when the processor executes the program instructions, the description of the method for determining the transition point in the embodiment corresponding to fig. 1 or fig. 2 can be executed, and therefore, the description will not be repeated here. In addition, the description of the beneficial effects of the same method is omitted. For technical details not disclosed in the embodiments of the computer storage medium according to the present invention, please refer to the description of the method embodiments of the present invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described methods may be accomplished by way of computer programs, which may be stored on a computer-readable storage medium, and which, when executed, may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random-access memory (random access memory, RAM), or the like.
The foregoing disclosure is illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method for determining a transition point, comprising:
performing transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain for k times after visual stimulation occurs to obtain a reaction result set, wherein the reaction result set comprises at least two reaction results, the reaction results in the reaction result set are the reaction results of the brain on target visual stimulation under the action of any one TMS in the k TMS, the visual stimulation comprises the target visual stimulation, and k is an integer greater than 1;
Respectively calculating interference effect values of N reaction results in the reaction result set to obtain an interference effect value set, wherein the interference effect value set comprises N interference effect values, the N interference effect values are in one-to-one correspondence with the N reaction results, the N interference effect values comprise target interference effect values, the N reaction results comprise target reaction results, the target interference effect values represent the difference between the target reaction results and reference reaction results, the reference reaction results are reaction results obtained under the condition that no interference item is contained in the visual stimulus, and the N is an integer greater than 1;
generating an interference effect curve according to the change condition of the N interference effect values along with the time points of the k TMS actions, wherein the ordinate value of a target point on the interference effect curve is the target interference effect value, the target interference effect value is calculated at the time points of the k TMS actions, and the abscissa of the target point is the time points of the target TMS actions;
determining a time point corresponding to the minimum value point on the interference effect curve as the transition point, wherein the transition point is a turning point of the brain to an attention selection process and an attention suppression process of interference items after the visual stimulus appears, the visual stimulus comprises the interference items, and the interference items are visual stimuli different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus;
Any one of the set of reaction results comprises a reaction time that characterizes a time taken for the brain to appear from the visual stimulus to identify the target visual stimulus, and a reaction accuracy that characterizes a probability that the brain correctly identifies the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus; the calculating the interference effect values of the N reaction results in the reaction result set respectively comprises:
calculating an interference effect value of the target reaction result to obtain the target interference effect value, wherein the target reaction result comprises target reaction time and target reaction accuracy, the target interference effect value is a weighted sum of a first difference value and a second difference value, the first difference value represents the difference between the target reaction time and reference reaction time, the second difference value represents the difference between the target reaction accuracy and reference reaction accuracy, and the reference reaction result comprises the reference reaction time and the reference reaction accuracy.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein performing the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulation occurs comprises:
And at least equally dividing a period of time after the visual stimulus appears into k equal parts, taking any equal part as the initial time point of the first TMS action in the k TMS, wherein the time interval of any two adjacent TMS in the k TMS is consistent with any equal part in the k equal parts.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein after performing the transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain k times after the visual stimulation occurs, further comprising:
if the brain correctly recognizes the target visual stimulus within the target time, displaying the next visual stimulus;
and if the brain does not correctly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time, displaying an error prompt, wherein the error prompt is used for prompting the brain to incorrectly recognize the target visual stimulus within the target time.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the k transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS of the brain after the visual stimulation occurs is preceded by:
the visual stimulus is displayed, the visual stimulus being used to indicate that the brain correctly identified the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus.
5. An apparatus for determining a transition point, comprising:
A TMS unit, which is used for performing transcranial magnetic stimulation TMS on the brain for k times after visual stimulation appears to obtain a reaction result set, wherein the reaction result set comprises at least two reaction results, the reaction results in the reaction result set are the reaction results of the brain on target visual stimulation under the action of any one TMS in the k times of TMS, the visual stimulation comprises the target visual stimulation, and k is an integer larger than 1;
the computing unit is used for respectively computing interference effect values of N reaction results in the reaction result set to obtain an interference effect value set, wherein the interference effect value set comprises N interference effect values, the N interference effect values are in one-to-one correspondence with the N reaction results, the N interference effect values comprise target interference effect values, the N reaction results comprise target reaction results, the target interference effect values represent the difference between the target reaction results and reference reaction results, the reference reaction results are reaction results obtained under the condition that the visual stimulus does not comprise the interference item, and the N is an integer greater than 1;
the generating unit is used for generating an interference effect curve according to the change condition of the N interference effect values along with the time points of the k TMS actions, wherein the ordinate value of a target point on the interference effect curve is the target interference effect value, the target interference effect value is calculated at the time points of the target TMS actions in the k TMS actions, and the abscissa of the target point is the time points of the target TMS actions;
The determining unit is used for determining a time point corresponding to the minimum value point on the interference effect curve as the transition point, wherein the transition point is a turning point of the brain to an attention selection process and an attention suppression process of interference items after the visual stimulus appears, the visual stimulus comprises the interference items, and the interference items are visual stimuli different from the target visual stimulus in the visual stimulus;
any one of the set of reaction results comprises a reaction time that characterizes a time taken for the brain to appear from the visual stimulus to identify the target visual stimulus, and a reaction accuracy that characterizes a probability that the brain correctly identifies the target visual stimulus from the visual stimulus;
the calculation unit is specifically configured to calculate an interference effect value of the target reaction result to obtain the target interference effect value, where the target reaction result includes a target reaction time and a target reaction accuracy, the target interference effect value is a weighted sum of a first difference value and a second difference value, the first difference value characterizes a difference between the target reaction time and a reference reaction time, the second difference value characterizes a difference between the target reaction accuracy and a reference reaction accuracy, and the reference reaction result includes the reference reaction time and the reference reaction accuracy.
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the TMS unit is specifically configured to divide the time interval after the visual stimulus is present into at least equal k aliquots, wherein any one of the aliquots is used as the starting time point for the first TMS action in the k TMS, and wherein the time interval between any two adjacent TMS in the k TMS is identical to any one of the k aliquots.
7. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores program instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 4.
8. A computer readable storage medium storing one or more instructions adapted to be loaded by a processor and to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| AU4505599A (en) * | 1999-06-02 | 2000-12-28 | Medinova Medical Consulting Gmbh | Transcranial magnetic stimulation (tms) for improving vision in humans |
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