CN110975089A - Tidal volume calculation method and device, storage medium and breathing machine - Google Patents
Tidal volume calculation method and device, storage medium and breathing machine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a tidal volume calculation method of a breathing machine, which comprises the following steps: step 1: acquiring instantaneous flow rate F of interval time delta t by a flow sensor at the end of a respirator, and carrying out median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F; step 2: calculating an instantaneous flow rate F and a baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Wherein the base line flow rate F1I.e. the average value of the instantaneous flow rate F over the period T; and step 3: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2Integrating to obtain inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and measuring flow rate F in expiratory phase2The integration is performed to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve. The invention provides a tidal volume calculation method and device of a breathing machine, a storage medium and the breathing machine, which can accurately calculate the tidal volume of a user in the process of using the breathing machine, thereby improving the treatment effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a tidal volume calculation method and device of a breathing machine, a storage medium and the breathing machine.
Background
The breathing machine is a device which can replace, control or change the normal physiological respiration of a person, increase the ventilation capacity of the lung, improve the respiratory function, reduce the consumption of the respiratory function and save the heart reserve capacity, and oxygen is continuously provided for the user through given pressure so as to improve the oxygen deficiency problem of the user during sleep. Tidal Volume (TV) refers to the volume of each inhalation or exhalation during a quiet breath. It is related to age, sex, volume, respiratory habit, and metabolism.
The working modes of the existing breathing machine mainly comprise a pressure control ventilation mode and a volume control ventilation mode, wherein the pressure control is that the breathing machine delivers air to reach preset pressure and an inspiratory phase maintains the pressure level, and at the moment, the tidal volume is mainly determined by the difference between the airway pressure and the positive end expiratory pressure and the inspiratory time and is influenced by the compliance of a breathing system and the resistance of the airway; the volume control ventilation mode is that the ventilator manages ventilation with a preset ventilation volume, namely, the ventilator stops air supply after reaching the preset volume and passively exhales by means of the elastic retraction force of the lung and the thorax.
In the volume control ventilation mode, parameters that are usually required to be set include tidal volume, trigger sensitivity, pressure rise time, and the like, so that the user's tidal volume needs to be accurately calculated during the use of the ventilator. Since the ventilator is used, an intentional air leakage, such as an air outlet at the end of the mask, and an unintentional air leakage, such as the loosening of the mask, are inevitable, which will result in the calculation of the tidal volume being distorted, and thus, the treatment effect of the ventilator is not ideal. .
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a tidal volume calculation method and device of a breathing machine, a storage medium and the breathing machine, which can accurately calculate the tidal volume of the breathing machine in the using process, thereby improving the treatment effect.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a tidal volume calculation method of a breathing machine, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: acquiring instantaneous flow rate F of interval time delta t by a flow sensor at the end of a respirator, and carrying out median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F; step 2: calculating an instantaneous flow rate F and a baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Wherein the base line flow rate F1I.e. the average value of the instantaneous flow rate F over the period T; and step 3: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2The integration is performed to obtain the inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and the integration is performed to the flow rate F2 in the expiratory phase to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve.
Preferably, the above method for calculating tidal volume of a ventilator further comprises the fourth step of: meterCalculating the baseline flow rate F1Is used to correct tidal volume calculation errors.
Preferably, the correction factor Q = Vi/Ve in step four, and the updated baseline flow rate is
。
Preferably, the correction factor in step four
The updated baseline is
。
Preferably, the interval Δ t in the step one is 10-100ms, an excessively long interval causes data distortion, the calculated tidal volume is not accurate enough, an excessively short interval causes a large calculation amount, the workload of the processor is increased, and the system requirement is higher.
Preferably, the baseline flow rate F in step two1The acquisition period T of the method is 8-40s, so that the baseline flow rate can be updated quickly, and the baseline flow rate can be calculated accurately.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a ventilator tidal volume calculation apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the data acquisition module acquires the instantaneous flow rate F of the interval time delta t through a flow sensor at the end of the respirator; a data processing module for performing median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F and calculating the instantaneous flow rate F and the baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Wherein the base line flow rate F1I.e. the average value of the instantaneous flow rate F over the period T; a tidal volume calculation module: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2Integrating to obtain inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and measuring flow rate F in expiratory phase2The integration is performed to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve.
Preferably, the tidal volume calculation device of the ventilator further comprises a tidal volume calculation and correction module for calculating the baseline flow rate F1Is used to correct tidal volume calculation errors.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that the readable storage medium stores the method of any one of the above.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, there is also provided a ventilator comprising a ventilator tidal volume calculation device as described in any one of the above.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the tidal volume calculation method of the breathing machine can accurately calculate the tidal volume of the user under different air leakage conditions of different masks, can quickly respond to changes when the air leakage changes, recalculates the correct tidal volume, provides accurate basis for the treatment of the breathing machine, and greatly improves the treatment effect and the use comfort level.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of calculating tidal volume of a ventilator according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a tidal volume calculation device of a ventilator according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the tidal volume calculation method of the ventilator according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the principle of the tidal volume calculation method of the ventilator according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method for calculating tidal volume of a ventilator according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly, and therefore are only examples, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
It is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a tidal volume calculation method for a ventilator, comprising the following steps: step 1: acquiring instantaneous flow rate F of interval time delta t by a flow sensor at the end of a respirator, and carrying out median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F; step 2: calculating an instantaneous flow rate F and a baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Wherein the base line flow rate F1I.e. the average value of the instantaneous flow rate F over the period T; and step 3: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2Integrating to obtain inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and measuring flow rate F in expiratory phase2The integration is performed to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve.
Further, in the above embodiment, the instantaneous flow velocity F is subjected to median filtering in step 1, so as to eliminate isolated noise points and protect the edges of the signal from being blurred. Of course, in other embodiments, other filtering methods, such as average filtering, which may be easily conceived by those skilled in the art, may be used instead, and are also within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the respirator mainly comprises a respirator main body 1, a humidifier 2, a connecting pipe 3 and a breathing mask 4, wherein a flow sensor and a pressure sensor are arranged at the end of the respirator main body 1, and respectively measure the instantaneous flow rate F, but the end of the mask has air leakage, and the air leakage at the end of the mask comprises intentional air leakage and unintentional air leakage, the intentional air leakage is air leakage generated by an air leakage hole on the breathing mask 4, and the purpose is to avoid the re-inhalation of carbon dioxide, and the unintentional air leakage is air leakage caused by the fact that a user mask is worn and loosened.
As shown in fig. 3, when the ventilator provides bi-level pressure support during use, the patient (user) respiratory flow is in the inspiratory phase above the zero line and the respiratory flow is in the expiratory phase below the zero line. The respirator can provide bi-level pressure support for a user in the using process, namely when the user is in an inspiration phase, the output pressure of the respirator is the inspiration pressure, and when the user is in an expiration phase, the respirator outputs expiration pressure, so that on the basis of ensuring enough tidal volume, the inspiration force support and alveolar ventilation volume are enhanced by increasing pressure difference, the carbon dioxide level is reduced, the respiratory muscle load is relieved, the expiration pressure can maintain the upper airway open, the obstructive sleep apnea is eliminated, the functional residual capacity is increased, and the alveoli are prevented from collapsing.
Further, in the use process of the breathing machine, intentional air leakage inevitably exists, namely the standard air outlet of the face mask, in addition, the face mask comprises various types such as a whole face mask, a nose mask and a nasal pillow, the sizes of the air outlets are different, and the sizes of the air outlets designed by different manufacturers are also different, so that the intentional air leakage value is different when the breathing machine is worn on different face masks.
As shown in FIG. 4, when the user is in the inspiratory phase, the flow rate F is higher than the (original) baseline flow rate F because the inspiratory positive pressure output by the user and the ventilator is higher than the expiratory positive pressure1Wherein the flow rate F includes the user's true inspiratory flow and the inspiratory flow generated by the ventilator, and when the user is in the expiratory phase, the user exhales outwards, the expiratory positive pressure provided by the ventilator is smaller, and the flow rates are opposite, so that the flow rate is lower than the baseline flow rate F1When the user is in apnea (no respiratory flow), then flow rate F coincides with baseline flow rate F1. As is readily apparent from FIG. 4, the baseline flow rate F is due to the presence of intentional air leaks1Above the X-axis, and further, although tidal volume varies from person to person, the inspiratory and expiratory tidal volumes for a single breath are substantially equal for the same user, i.e., baseline flow rate F in fig. 41The shaded area of the upper inspiratory phase is equal to the shaded area of the lower expiratory phase at the limiting flow rate F1.
Further, the method for calculating the tidal volume of the breathing machine further comprises the following step four: a correction factor Q for the baseline flow rate F1 is calculated to correct for tidal volume calculation errors. As shown in fig. 5, when the ventilator is in use and air leakage changes occur, for example, the mask is released to cause an unintended air leakage increase, and the original baseline flow rate is still used as the standard air leakage value in calculating the inspiration tidal volume or the expiration tidal volume, the inspiration tidal volume value is larger, and the expiration tidal volume value is smaller, so the baseline after air leakage change needs to be corrected.
Further, in the present embodiment, the correction factor in step fourQ = Vi/Ve, updated baseline flow rate of
. For example, when the air leakage suddenly increases during the use of the ventilator, in order to maintain the pressure at the mask end at the pressure level before the air leakage increases, the ventilator main machine compensates the pressure according to the air leakage, for example, the fan rotating speed is increased, so as to provide a larger pressure, and the new baseline flow rate is inevitably increased at this time, and the original baseline flow rate F is based on1When calculating the tidal volume, the inspiratory tidal volume is larger than the real value, the expiratory tidal volume is smaller than the real value, a correction factor Q = Vi/Ve is defined, if the inspiratory tidal volume Vi is larger than the expiratory tidal volume Ve, the correction factor Q is larger than 1, the new base line flow rate is increased to be
It is readily apparent that the greater the sudden leak, the greater the correction factor Q, and the greater the correction factor Q, the greater the new baseline flow rate, and therefore the faster the correct baseline flow rate is captured. Otherwise, the user reduces or disappears from larger unintended air leakage to unintended air leakage, when the tidal volume is calculated based on the original baseline flow rate, the inspiration tidal volume is smaller than the real value, the expiration tidal volume is larger than the real value, the correction factor Q is smaller than 1, the new baseline flow rate is smaller than the original baseline flow rate, and the baseline flow rate is stable until the inspiration tidal volume is equal to the respiration tidal volume, namely Q is equal to 1, so that the correct inspiration tidal volume and expiration tidal volume are calculated.
Preferably, the correction factor in the fourth step is the updated baseline
For example, when the ventilator is in use, the leakage air suddenly increases, and in order to maintain the pressure at the mask end at the pressure level before the leakage air increases, the ventilator main machine compensates the pressure according to the size of the leakage air, for example, the fan rotating speed is increased, so as to provide a larger pressure, and then the new baseline flow rate is inevitably increased, and based on the original baseline flow rate F1When calculating the tidal volume, the inspiration tidal volume is larger than the true value, and the expiration tidal volume is largerDefining correction factors with smaller true values
If the inspiratory tidal volume Vi is greater than the expiratory tidal volume Ve, the correction factor Q is greater than 1, and the new baseline flow rate is increased to
It is readily apparent that the greater the sudden leak, the greater the correction factor Q, and the greater the correction factor Q, the greater the new baseline flow rate, and therefore the faster the correct baseline flow rate is captured. Otherwise, the user reduces or disappears from larger unintended air leakage to unintended air leakage, when the tidal volume is calculated based on the original baseline flow rate, the inspiration tidal volume is smaller than the real value, the expiration tidal volume is larger than the real value, the correction factor Q is smaller than 1, the new baseline flow rate is smaller than the original baseline flow rate, and the baseline flow rate is stable until the inspiration tidal volume is equal to the respiration tidal volume, namely Q is equal to 1, so that the correct inspiration tidal volume and expiration tidal volume are calculated.
Further, the interval time Δ t in the first step is 10-100ms, the data distortion is caused by too long interval time, the calculated tidal volume accuracy is not sufficient, the calculated amount is large due to too short interval time, the workload of the processor is increased, and the system requirement is higher.
Preferably, in the second step, the acquisition period T of the baseline flow rate F1 is 8-40s, the acquisition period is too short, and the calculated baseline flow rate F is1It is unstable, for example, if the user has a breathing cycle of 4s, the calculated baseline flow rate with a collection cycle lower than 4s will be distorted, the collection cycle is too long, the calculated baseline flow rate takes longer, the update time for calculating the correct tidal volume takes longer, which is not good for reflecting the real-time breathing condition of the user, and thus affects the pressure regulation and the comfort of the user.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the acquisition period T of the baseline flow rate F1 in the above step two is 10s, which can quickly update the baseline flow rate, and meanwhile, it is ensured that the baseline flow rate is calculated accurately, but in other embodiments, the acquisition period T may be N times (N is a positive integer greater than 2) of the respiratory period of the user, for example, the respiratory period of the user is 3s, the acquisition period may be 6s, 9s, and so on, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a ventilator tidal volume calculation apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the data acquisition module acquires the instantaneous flow rate F of the interval time delta t through a flow sensor at the end of the respirator; a data processing module for performing median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F and calculating the instantaneous flow rate F and the baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Where baseline flow rate F1 is the average of instantaneous flow rate F over period T; a tidal volume calculation module: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2Integrating to obtain inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and measuring flow rate F in expiratory phase2The integration is performed to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve.
Furthermore, the tidal volume calculation device of the breathing machine further comprises a tidal volume calculation and correction module for calculating the baseline flow rate F1Is used to correct tidal volume calculation errors.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the steps of the above method.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is also provided a ventilator comprising a ventilator tidal volume calculation apparatus as described in any one of the above.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. A tidal volume calculation method, comprising the steps of:
step 1: acquiring instantaneous flow rate F of interval time delta t by a flow sensor at the end of a respirator, and carrying out median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F;
step 2: calculating an instantaneous flow rate F and a baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Wherein the base line flow rate F1I.e. the average value of the instantaneous flow rate F over the period T;
and step 3: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2Integrating to obtain inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and measuring flow rate F in expiratory phase2The integration is performed to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve.
2. The tidal volume calculation method of claim 1, further comprising the fourth step of: calculating a baseline flow rate F1Is used to correct tidal volume calculation errors.
3. The tidal volume calculation method of claim 2, wherein the correction factor Q = Vi/Ve in step four, and the updated baseline flow rate is
。
4. The tidal volume calculation method of claim 2, wherein the correction factor in step four
The updated baseline is
。
5. The tidal volume calculation method of claim 1, wherein the interval Δ t in the first step is 10-100 ms.
6. The tidal volume calculation method of claim 1, wherein the baseline flow rate F in step two1The acquisition period T of (2) is 8-40 s.
7. A ventilator tidal volume calculation device, the device comprising: the data acquisition module acquires the instantaneous flow rate F of the interval time delta t through a flow sensor at the end of the respirator; a data processing module for performing median filtering on the instantaneous flow rate F and calculating the instantaneous flow rate F and the baseline flow rate F1Difference F of2Wherein the base line flow rate F1I.e. the average value of the instantaneous flow rate F over the period T; a tidal volume calculation module: flow velocity F in the gas adsorption phase2Integrating to obtain inspiratory tidal volume Vi, and measuring flow rate F in expiratory phase2The integration is performed to obtain the expiratory tidal volume Ve.
8. The ventilator tidal volume calculation device of claim 7, further comprising a tidal volume calculation correction module that calculates a baseline flow rate F1Is used to correct tidal volume calculation errors.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that the readable storage medium stores the method according to any one of claims 1-6.
10. A ventilator characterized in that it comprises a ventilator tidal volume calculation device according to any one of claims 7-8.
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| CN111658918A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-15 | 山东大学 | Multi-respiration index synchronous measurement system and method |
| CN112133421A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-12-25 | 广州和普乐健康科技有限公司 | Airflow limitation detection method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN112843408A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-28 | 河北谊安奥美医疗设备有限公司 | Volume ventilation control method and system of turbine ventilator |
| CN113769217A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-10 | 北华大学 | Tidal volume control method, device and equipment for respiratory system |
| CN114404753A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-29 | 湖南比扬医疗科技有限公司 | Breathing machine inspiration detection method and device and computer readable storage medium |
| WO2022199128A1 (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2022-09-29 | 湖南万脉医疗科技有限公司 | No-lag oxygen supply ventilator system |
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