CN110974192A - Intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessel - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels, which comprises: the pulse condition acquisition device is used for acquiring pulse wave data; the pulse condition analysis unit is used for performing time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data to acquire blood vessel characteristic parameters, acquiring blood vessel elasticity coefficients according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters, and evaluating the elasticity of blood vessels, so that the problem that the existing method has the characteristics of strong operation specificity, high price, invasiveness and the like, and is not suitable for screening for preventing cardiovascular diseases is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of intelligent terminals, in particular to an intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels.
Background
Vascular elasticity, also known as "compliance," refers to the ability of the vessel wall to cushion, and is an intrinsic property of the arterial vessel wall. It is the best clinical index reflecting the function of artery buffering system and the function state of artery endothelium to some extent and may be affected by several factors. Detecting and increasing vascular elasticity will help prevent and arrest the development of cardiovascular disease and its complications. As known from cardiovascular physiology and the circulatory system of the human body, the heart intermittently shoots blood to the aorta through continuous pulsation (i.e., contraction and relaxation) and flows to the whole body through the arteries, so that arterial hypoelasticity is a comprehensive expression of early damage of various cardiovascular risk factors to the vascular wall, is a specificity and sensitivity index of early vascular diseases, and is a high risk factor of cardiovascular diseases.
The current methods for evaluating vascular elasticity studies are mainly: angiography, nuclear magnetic resonance angiography, ultrasound techniques, and the like.
1) Angiography
Angiography is a new technology widely applied to clinical X-ray examination in the past 90 years, and is characterized in that an access artery is selected, a right femoral artery is generally selected, an arterial sheath is placed through the right femoral artery, different catheters are selected through the arterial sheath, an artery to be displayed is selected under the guidance of a guide wire, and an iodine-containing contrast agent is injected. The blood vessel track passed by the contrast agent is continuously photographed, and is imaged into a blood vessel Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA) through an electronic computer-aided imaging. Angiography can accurately and intuitively measure parameters of the elastic function of the blood vessels of different sections, and meanwhile, whether certain lesions, such as atheromatous plaque, exist in the blood vessels can be observed. But its clinical application value is greatly limited due to its traumatic nature and high price.
2) Magnetic resonance angiography
The Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), which is a physical process in which nuclei with non-zero magnetic moments undergo zeeman splitting at their spin levels under the action of an external magnetic field and resonate to absorb radio-frequency radiation of a certain frequency. Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) is widely used in diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases, and is widely used for examination of blood vessels of the head, neck, chest, abdomen, and limbs, and also for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, evaluation of sequelae of myocardial infarction, and observation after coronary artery bypass surgery.
3) Ultrasound technology
With the development of ultrasonic and Doppler technologies, the high-resolution ultrasonic probe can be used for visually and clearly observing the vascular morphology of superficial arteries such as carotid artery, brachial artery, radial artery and the like, the existence of plaque formation and the condition of blood vessel pulsation in the cardiac cycle process, and can also be used for accurately measuring the change of artery calibre and blood flow velocity in blood vessels in the systolic period and the diastolic period. By using the indexes, a plurality of indexes quantitatively measuring the elasticity of the blood vessel can be calculated, such as an artery expansibility coefficient, an artery compliance coefficient, a pulsatility index and the like.
These methods focus on morphological changes. Although the methods of vascular ultrasound, magnetic resonance and the like can also obtain the functional status of artery elasticity by observing the change of the artery lumen diameter in the systolic period and the diastolic period, and play an irreplaceable role in clinic, the changes detected by the methods are always in the state of irreversible damage to blood vessels with relatively obvious organic lesions, so that the effect of the blood vessels on preventing cardiovascular diseases is limited. Meanwhile, the examination has the characteristics of strong operation specificity, high price, invasiveness and the like, so that the examination is not suitable for screening for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides an intelligent pulse feeling system for blood vessel elasticity detection, and solves the problem that the existing method has the characteristics of strong operation specificity, high price, invasiveness and the like, so that the existing method is not suitable for screening for preventing cardiovascular diseases.
The application provides an intelligence pulse feeling system for blood vessel elasticity detects includes:
the pulse condition acquisition device is used for acquiring pulse wave data;
and the pulse condition analysis unit is used for carrying out time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data, acquiring blood vessel characteristic parameters, acquiring blood vessel elasticity coefficients according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters and evaluating the elasticity of the blood vessels.
Preferably, the pulse condition acquisition device is a portable pulse condition acquisition device and is used for acquiring pulse wave data in real time.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the pulse wave data acquired in real time are sent to the pulse wave analysis unit by the pulse wave acquisition device.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the pulse wave data is transmitted between the pulse wave acquisition device and the pulse wave analysis unit through wireless or Bluetooth.
Preferably, the pulse condition analyzing unit is configured to perform time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data to acquire a blood vessel characteristic parameter, and obtain a blood vessel elasticity coefficient according to the blood vessel characteristic parameter, and includes:
performing time domain analysis on the obtained pulse wave data to obtain a plurality of characteristic parameters on a pulse wave curve; the characteristic parameters comprise: the main wave amplitude, the main isthmus amplitude, the dicrotic wave amplitude, the descending isthmus amplitude, the dicrotic wave amplitude, and the time value from the pulse wave starting point to each wave crest and wave valley point;
the dominant wave amplitude and the wave amplitude before the dicrotic pulse are selected as main parameters of a blood vessel elastic system, the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel is calculated, the formula is as follows,
p≡kh3/h1+a
wherein p is the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel, k is the correction coefficient, and a is the correction constant.
Preferably, the pulse condition analyzing unit is configured to perform time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data, and includes:
and performing time domain analysis on the pulse wave data acquired by the pulse wave acquisition device to acquire the relation between the amplitude of the pulse wave amplitude and the pulse time phase.
Preferably, the amplitude of the pulse wave amplitude includes:
dominant wave amplitude, dominant isthmus amplitude, counterpulsation pre-wave amplitude, descending isthmus amplitude, and counterpulsation wave amplitude.
Preferably, the first and second liquid crystal materials are,
the amplitude of the main wave is the height from the peak of the main wave to the baseline of the pulse wave chart, and reflects the ejection function of the left ventricle and the compliance of the aorta;
the dominant channel amplitude is the amplitude of a valley between the dominant wave and the prepulse waveform, and reflects the elasticity and peripheral resistance state of the arterial vessel;
the amplitude of the counterpulsation front wave is the height from the top of the counterpulsation front wave to the baseline of the pulse wave chart, and reflects the elasticity and peripheral resistance states of the artery;
the amplitude of the descending isthmus is the height from the bottom of the descending isthmus to the baseline of the pulse wave diagram, and reflects the peripheral resistance of the arterial vessel;
the dicrotic wave amplitude, which is the height between the parallel lines of the baseline from the top of the dicrotic wave to the bottom of the descending isthmus valley, reflects the elasticity of the aorta.
Preferably, the pulsation phase includes:
the time value from the starting point of the pulse diagram to the main wave peak point;
the chronaxy from the starting point of the pulse pattern to the main channel;
the chronaxy value between the starting point of the pulse diagram and the wave before the dicrotic pulse;
the chronaxy between the starting point of the pulse diagram and the descending isthmus;
descending the chron to the time between the termination of the pulse pattern.
Preferably, the elasticity of the blood vessel is evaluated, comprising:
dividing the numerical range of the blood vessel elasticity coefficient into different intervals, wherein each interval corresponds to different grades;
and determining the elasticity grade of the blood vessel according to the elasticity coefficient of the blood vessel, and finishing the evaluation of the elasticity of the blood vessel.
The application provides an intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels, which is used for acquiring pulse wave data through a pulse condition acquisition device; the pulse condition analysis unit is used for performing time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data to acquire blood vessel characteristic parameters, acquiring blood vessel elasticity coefficients according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters, and evaluating the elasticity of blood vessels, so that the problem that the existing method has the characteristics of strong operation specificity, high price, invasiveness and the like, and is not suitable for screening for preventing cardiovascular diseases is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels provided by the present application;
FIG. 2 is a basic block diagram of a pulse diagram to which the present application relates;
FIG. 3 is a graph of magnitude and duration of a pulse map to which the present application relates;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the operation of the intelligent pulse diagnosis system for detecting vascular elasticity according to the present application;
Detailed Description
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is capable of implementation in many different ways than those herein set forth and of similar import by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of this application and is therefore not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels according to the present application, and the system according to the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The application provides an intelligence pulse feeling system for blood vessel elasticity detects, includes:
the pulse condition acquisition device is used for acquiring pulse wave data;
and the pulse condition analysis unit is used for carrying out time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data, acquiring blood vessel characteristic parameters, acquiring blood vessel elasticity coefficients according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters and evaluating the elasticity of the blood vessels.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the pulse wave collecting device can be worn on the wrist, is a portable pulse wave collecting device, and can collect pulse wave data in real time by a non-invasive means, and then send the pulse wave data collected in real time to the pulse wave analyzing unit. The pulse condition analysis APP is installed on a smart phone or other energy-aware equipment to form a pulse condition analysis unit. The pulse condition acquisition device and the pulse condition analysis unit can be connected through wireless or Bluetooth and the like, and pulse wave data are transmitted between the pulse condition acquisition device and the pulse condition analysis unit through wireless or Bluetooth. Finally, the pulse condition analysis unit outputs the result of the blood vessel elasticity analysis.
The pulse condition acquisition device sends acquired pulse wave data to the pulse condition analysis unit, the pulse condition analysis unit receives the pulse wave data to perform time domain analysis, blood vessel characteristic parameters are obtained, and a blood vessel elasticity coefficient is obtained according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters.
The pulse waveform is the trace of the artery pulse and mainly integrates the heart blood ejection activity and various information carried by the pulse wave in the process of propagating along the blood vessel, so that the curve and the inflection point on the pulse chart in fig. 2 have certain significance. The pulse diagram interpretation method mainly comprises two types of time domain analysis and frequency domain analysis. The pulse condition acquisition device adopts a time domain analysis method.
And time domain analysis is used for acquiring the relation between the amplitude of the pulse wave amplitude and the pulse time phase. The main content of the time domain analysis is reading parameters of wave, height (h) of isthmus, corresponding chronaxism (t) and the like of the pulse diagram. In the attached figure 1, 2, 3 and 4 are four main characteristic points of pulse waves, and the fluctuation changes of the four main characteristic points reflect different physiological and pathological changes of a human body.
Fig. 3 shows the amplitude and duration of a pulse waveform, where the amplitude of the pulse waveform includes:
the dominant wave amplitude h1 is the height from the peak of the dominant wave to the baseline of the pulse wave chart (when the baseline is parallel to the time axis), and reflects the ejection function of the left ventricle and the compliance of the aorta, i.e. the left ventricle has strong contractility, and in the state of good compliance of the aorta, h1 is large, otherwise, the height is small;
the main channel amplitude h2 is the amplitude of a valley between the main wave and the dicrotic forewave, the physiological significance of the amplitude is consistent with that of h3, and the pulse diagram can be omitted during analysis, so that the elasticity and peripheral resistance states of arterial vessels are reflected;
the amplitude h3 of the counterpulsation front wave is the height from the top of the counterpulsation front wave to the baseline of the pulse wave chart, and reflects the elasticity and peripheral resistance states of the artery; for example, the amplitude of h3 is increased when the tension of the artery wall is high, or the artery is hardened, or the peripheral resistance is increased. The elevation of the pulse wave is generally accompanied with the advance of the time phase, which reflects the increase of the conduction speed of the pulse reflection wave in the state of high tension and high resistance of the artery vessel.
The amplitude h4 of the descending isthmus is the height from the bottom of the descending isthmus to the baseline of the pulse wave diagram, and reflects the peripheral resistance of the arterial vessel; as the peripheral resistance increases, it appears that h4 increases; and vice versa.
The dicrotic wave amplitude h5, the height between the parallel lines of the baseline made from the top of the dicrotic wave to the bottom of the descending isthmus, reflects the elasticity of the aorta. And aortic valve function, h5 decreases when aortic compliance decreases, or h5 may be 0 (the dicrotic crest is at the same level as the descending isthmus valley) or even negative (the dicrotic crest is below the descending isthmus valley level) when aortic valve sclerosis, atresia, is incomplete.
In fig. 3, the pulsatile phase includes:
a time value t1 from the start point of the pulse diagram to the main wave peak point;
a time t2 between the start point of the pulse map and the main channel;
the time t3 between the pulse map start point and the dicrotic wave;
the time t4, t4 between the start of the pulse map and the descending isthmus corresponds to the systolic phase of the left ventricle;
the time t5, t5 between the descending isthmus and the end of the pulse map corresponds to the diastole of the left ventricle.
t is the value from the start point to the end point of the pulse diagram. Corresponding to one cardiac cycle of the left ventricle, also known as the pulsatile cycle. But when atrial fibrillation, or extrasystole, the pulse pattern does not coincide exactly with the cardiac cycle of the electrocardiogram.
Along with the change of physiological factors such as peripheral resistance of blood vessels, elasticity of blood vessel walls, blood viscosity and the like, the waveform characteristics of human pulse waves are changed regularly. The peripheral resistance is lower, the young and healthy people with better vessel wall elasticity have steeper ascending branches and descending branches of pulse waves, and form high and sharp main waves. Because the wave velocity of the reflected wave is low, the wave before the dicrotic pulse is not obvious, and the fluctuation intensity of the blood backflow impacting the aortic valve is high, so that the wave crest and the wave trough of the dicrotic pulse are obvious. With the age, the peripheral resistance increases and the vessel wall elasticity becomes worse, the velocity of the reflected wave gradually increases to make the tidal wave obvious from no obvious, the position of the tidal wave relative to the main wave also gradually increases, the tidal wave is close to the main wave from back to front, and fusion of different degrees occurs, even exceeds the main wave. Meanwhile, the positions of the wave crest and the wave trough of the heavy pulse relative to the main wave are gradually raised and are mixed into a whole, so that the whole pulse wave waveform is difficult to distinguish, and the shape of the steamed bun is changed. Therefore, the pulse waveform is reflected on the regular dynamic change of the wave height before the dicrotic pulse firstly along with the increase of the age and the deterioration of the cardiovascular physiological and pathological factors. When the elasticity of the artery is reduced, the height of the prepulse wave is gradually raised from low to high and approaches to the main wave, the height of the prepulse wave is an objective and important index for clinically reflecting the elasticity of the vessel wall, and animal experiments and clinical detection completely confirm the point.
The blood vessel characteristic parameters are obtained by a plurality of characteristic parameters on the pulse wave curve of fig. 3, and the characteristic parameters comprise: dominant wave amplitude h1, dominant isthmus amplitude h2, counterpulsation wave amplitude h3, descending isthmus amplitude h4, counterpulsation wave amplitude h5, and chronaxy t1, t2, t3, t4, t5, and pulse period t from the start of the pulse wave to each peak and valley point. Wherein, the height h3 of the dicrotic wave is an objective and important index for clinically reflecting the elasticity of the blood vessel wall. The positions of the dicrotic wave and the dicrotic notch relative to the main wave are gradually increased along with the variation of the elasticity of the blood vessel, so that the main wave amplitude h1 and the dicrotic wave amplitude h3 are selected as main parameters for calculating the elasticity coefficient of the blood vessel. The dominant wave amplitude and the wave amplitude before the dicrotic pulse are selected as main parameters of a blood vessel elastic system, the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel is calculated, the formula is as follows,
p≡kh3/h1+a
wherein p is the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel, k is the correction coefficient, and a is the correction constant.
After the blood vessel coefficient is obtained, dividing the numerical range of the blood vessel elastic coefficient into different intervals, wherein each interval corresponds to different grades; and determining the elasticity grade of the blood vessel according to the elasticity coefficient of the blood vessel, and finishing the evaluation of the elasticity of the blood vessel. Specifically, the numerical range of the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel may be divided into 4 intervals, the grade of each interval is shown in the following table, and then, the elastic grade of the blood vessel is determined according to the elastic system of the blood vessel, so as to complete the evaluation of the elasticity of the blood vessel.
The utility model provides an intelligence pulse diagnosis system for blood vessel elasticity detects's work flow is shown in fig. 4, at first utilizes pulse condition collection system to obtain pulse wave data, then on data transmission to cell-phone APP that will gather, APP utilizes correlation algorithm to carry out time domain analysis to pulse wave data, calculates and reachs each item characteristic parameter to select the relevant characteristic parameter of blood vessel elasticity to calculate and obtain the blood vessel elasticity coefficient. Finally, the elasticity evaluation of the vessel is done according to the vessel elasticity system.
The application provides an intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels, which is used for acquiring pulse wave data through a pulse condition acquisition device; the pulse condition analysis unit is used for performing time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data to acquire blood vessel characteristic parameters, acquiring blood vessel elasticity coefficients according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters, and evaluating the elasticity of blood vessels, so that the problem that the existing method has the characteristics of strong operation specificity, high price, invasiveness and the like, and is not suitable for screening for preventing cardiovascular diseases is solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent pulse feeling system for detecting elasticity of blood vessels, comprising:
the pulse condition acquisition device is used for acquiring pulse wave data;
and the pulse condition analysis unit is used for carrying out time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data, acquiring blood vessel characteristic parameters, acquiring blood vessel elasticity coefficients according to the blood vessel characteristic parameters and evaluating the elasticity of the blood vessels.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse condition acquisition device is a portable pulse condition acquisition device for acquiring pulse wave data in real time.
3. The system of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
the pulse wave data acquired in real time are sent to the pulse wave analysis unit by the pulse wave acquisition device.
4. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
the pulse wave data is transmitted between the pulse wave acquisition device and the pulse wave analysis unit through wireless or Bluetooth.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse condition analyzing unit is configured to perform a time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data to obtain a blood vessel characteristic parameter, and obtain a blood vessel elasticity coefficient according to the blood vessel characteristic parameter, and the system comprises:
performing time domain analysis on the obtained pulse wave data to obtain a plurality of characteristic parameters on a pulse wave curve; the characteristic parameters comprise: the main wave amplitude, the main isthmus amplitude, the dicrotic wave amplitude, the descending isthmus amplitude, the dicrotic wave amplitude, and the time value from the pulse wave starting point to each wave crest and wave valley point;
the dominant wave amplitude and the wave amplitude before the dicrotic pulse are selected as main parameters of a blood vessel elastic system, the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel is calculated, the formula is as follows,
p≡kh3/h1+a
wherein p is the elastic coefficient of the blood vessel, k is the correction coefficient, and a is the correction constant.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the pulse condition analyzing unit is configured to perform a time domain analysis on the acquired pulse wave data, and comprises:
and performing time domain analysis on the pulse wave data acquired by the pulse wave acquisition device to acquire the relation between the amplitude of the pulse wave amplitude and the pulse time phase.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the amplitude of the pulse amplitude comprises:
dominant wave amplitude, dominant isthmus amplitude, counterpulsation pre-wave amplitude, descending isthmus amplitude, and counterpulsation wave amplitude.
8. The system of claim 7,
the amplitude of the main wave is the height from the peak of the main wave to the baseline of the pulse wave chart, and reflects the ejection function of the left ventricle and the compliance of the aorta;
the dominant channel amplitude is the amplitude of a valley between the dominant wave and the prepulse waveform, and reflects the elasticity and peripheral resistance state of the arterial vessel;
the amplitude of the counterpulsation front wave is the height from the top of the counterpulsation front wave to the baseline of the pulse wave chart, and reflects the elasticity and peripheral resistance states of the artery;
the amplitude of the descending isthmus is the height from the bottom of the descending isthmus to the baseline of the pulse wave diagram, and reflects the peripheral resistance of the arterial vessel;
the dicrotic wave amplitude, which is the height between the parallel lines of the baseline from the top of the dicrotic wave to the bottom of the descending isthmus valley, reflects the elasticity of the aorta.
9. The system of claim 6, wherein the pulsatile phase comprises:
the time value from the starting point of the pulse diagram to the main wave peak point;
the chronaxy from the starting point of the pulse pattern to the main channel;
the chronaxy value between the starting point of the pulse diagram and the wave before the dicrotic pulse;
the chronaxy between the starting point of the pulse diagram and the descending isthmus;
descending the chron to the time between the termination of the pulse pattern.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the elasticity of the blood vessel is evaluated, comprising:
dividing the numerical range of the blood vessel elasticity coefficient into different intervals, wherein each interval corresponds to different grades;
and determining the elasticity grade of the blood vessel according to the elasticity coefficient of the blood vessel, and finishing the evaluation of the elasticity of the blood vessel.
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