CN110973376B - Feed additive for reducing calf diarrhea rate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed additive for reducing calf diarrhea rate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110973376B CN110973376B CN201911108117.0A CN201911108117A CN110973376B CN 110973376 B CN110973376 B CN 110973376B CN 201911108117 A CN201911108117 A CN 201911108117A CN 110973376 B CN110973376 B CN 110973376B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/60—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for weanlings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feed additive for reducing calf diarrhea rate and a preparation method thereof. The method utilizes pathogenic escherichia coli to attack the toxin of the calf, and researches the influence of different compatibilities of the independent lactoferrin and the lactoferrin with schizochytrium, spirulina, nannochloropsis and chlorella respectively on the growth and the health of the calf under the condition that the calf is in an enteritis state; the experimental result shows that the addition of the feed additive consisting of lactoferrin and schizochytrium in the feed of the lactating calves can greatly reduce the diarrhea rate of the lactating calves and obviously improve the antioxidant performance of the lactating calves. Therefore, the invention provides the feed additive which is prepared by combining lactoferrin and schizochytrium limacinum and is used for reducing the diarrhea rate of calves or improving the oxidation resistance of lactating calves. The invention further discloses a method for preparing the feed additive and application of the feed additive in reducing calf diarrhea rate and improving lactation calf oxidation resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a feed additive for preventing and treating livestock diarrhea, in particular to a feed additive for reducing calf diarrhea rate and improving the oxidation resistance of lactating calves and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of calf feed additives.
Background
The calf diarrhea refers to the symptoms of dehydration, acidosis and the like of calves in lactation due to intestinal hyperfunction, incomplete absorption or difficult absorption of intestinal contents, discharge of the intestinal contents and a large amount of water out of bodies, and the excrement is thin soup or water sample. The clinical manifestations are depression, high fever, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, poor appetite, shortness of breath, foul smell of feces, blackening, intermingled blood-streak bubbles, acute and massive watery diarrhea, progressive dehydration and acidosis symptoms.
Calf diarrhea is one of the major diseases causing calf growth and development badness and death. The disease can occur all the year round, and the highest morbidity and mortality of calves within one month of birth cause considerable economic loss to the cattle industry.
The existing medicines for treating the bovine diarrhea adopt a large amount of antibiotics, hormones and chemically synthesized medicines as raw materials, although the medicines can sterilize, the cattle can easily generate drug resistance, and the medicines have large toxic and side effects and much residue and can cause cancer, teratogenesis and mutation.
Therefore, there is a need for a feed additive capable of being added to calf feed, which not only can effectively reduce the diarrhea rate of calves without side effects, but also can effectively improve the growth performance of calves.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a feed additive for reducing the diarrhea rate of calves;
the second purpose of the invention is to provide a feed additive for improving the oxidation resistance of lactating calves;
it is a further object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing said feed additive.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the method utilizes pathogenic escherichia coli to attack the calf, and researches the influence of the independent Lactoferrin (Lactoferrin, LF) and Lactoferrin on the growth and health of the calf by respectively matching with Schizochytrium sp, SM, Spirulina (Spirolinia, SA), Nannochloropsis sp, NS and Chlorella (Chlorella, CA) under the condition that the calf is in an enteritis state; the experimental result shows that compared with other combinations, the feed additive (LF + SM) consisting of the lactoferrin and the schizochytrium limacinum is added into the feed for the lactating calves, so that the diarrhea rate of the lactating calves can be remarkably reduced, and the antioxidant performance of the lactating calves can be remarkably improved.
Therefore, the invention provides a feed additive for reducing calf diarrhea rate, which consists of lactoferrin and schizochytrium; wherein, in order to achieve better effect, the mass ratio of the lactoferrin to the schizochytrium limacinum is (0.5-2): (10-30); preferably, the mass ratio of the lactoferrin to the schizochytrium limacinum is 1: 20.
the invention further provides a feed additive for improving the oxidation resistance of lactating calves, which consists of lactoferrin and schizochytrium; wherein, in order to achieve better effect, the mass ratio of the lactoferrin to the schizochytrium limacinum is (0.5-2): (10-30); preferably, the mass ratio of the lactoferrin to the schizochytrium limacinum is 1: 20.
the present invention further provides a method for preparing the feed additive, which comprises: drying schizochytrium limacinum, pulverizing, sieving, and mixing with lactoferrin.
The invention further provides a method for reducing calf diarrhea rate or improving lactation calf antioxidant performance by using the feed additive, which comprises the following steps: adding the feed additive into daily ration feed for calves; wherein, for reference, the feed additive is preferably added in an amount of 0.5-2g of lactoferrin and 10-30g of schizochytrium each day per calf; more preferably, the feed additive is added in an amount of 1g lactoferrin and 20g schizochytrium per day per calf.
Detailed description of the invention
According to the invention, 60 newborn Holstein male calves are selected and randomly divided into 6 groups (10 calves in each group), the CON group feeds basic diet, and the LF group feeds basic diet +1g/d LF; feeding basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d SM in the LF and SM group; the LF and SA group feeds basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d SA; the LF and NS group feeds basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d NS; the LF and CA group is fed with basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d CA. The calf is 7 days old and the test is finished until 14 days old. Feeding additives every day during the test period, and recording the feed intake and diarrhea condition of calves; weighing calves 7, 11 and 14 days old before feeding in the morning; 7. blood was collected from calves at 11 and 14 days of age before morning feeding.
The test result shows that: 1) the LF + SM group reduced stool scores very significantly compared to the other groups (P < 0.01); 2) at the age of 7 days, the CAT activity in the calf serum of the LF + SM group is obviously higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05); at 11 and 14 days of age, the CAT activity in calf serum was significantly higher in the LF, LF + SM, LF + SA, LF + NS and LF + CA groups than in the control group (P <0.05), and the LF + SM group was significantly higher than in the other groups (P < 0.05). 3) At 14 days of age, the SOD activity in the serum of calves in the LF + SM group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P <0.05), while the MDA activity in the serum was significantly lower than that in the other groups (P < 0.05).
According to the test results, compared with single LF and combination of LF + SA, LF + NS and LF + CA, addition of LF + SM in the feed of the lactating calf can greatly reduce the diarrhea rate of the lactating calf and greatly improve the antioxidant performance of the lactating calf.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments, the advantages and features of which will become apparent from the description. These examples are illustrative only and do not limit the scope of the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications may be within the scope of the invention.
Test example 1 Effect of dietary lactoferrin added to feed supplement in combination with different algae on calf diarrhea and growth Performance
1 materials and methods
1.1 design of the experiment
The test adopts a completely random test design, the test is divided into six groups in total, and the CON group feeds basic diet; the LF group is fed with basic diet +1g/d LF; the LF and SM group is used for feeding basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d SM; the LF and SA group feeds basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d SA; the LF and NS group feeds basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d NS; the LF and CA group is fed with basic diet +1g/d LF +20g/d CA. LF, LF + SM, LF + SA, LF + NS and LF + CA are fed from the day 2 of birth, mixed in milk and fed. The test was run to the end of 14 days.
1.2 test animals and diets
60 newborn Chinese Holstein male calves with healthy birth and similar weight (40 +/-5) kg are selected in the test. Randomized into 6 groups of 10 replicates each with 1 cow per replicate. Experimental calf drench colostrum 4L after postnatal 2h, drench colostrum 2L after postnatal 6 h. Regular milk was fed twice daily (7: 00 and 15:00) starting at day 2 of age.
Feeding amount: from day 2 to 7, 2.5L/time; from day 8 to 14, 4.5L/time. The starter feed for calves is fed from 3 days old and is taken freely. Before feeding on the 7 th morning of the test, each calf was orally administered with 10mL × 1010CFU/mL E.coli (strain number: CVCC 237, serotype: O101: K99, F41) was supplied by Chinese veterinary drug inspection.
1.3 sample Collection and measurement indices
1.3.1 growth Performance
Weighing before feeding in the morning at 7, 11 and 14 days, and weighing the weight of the calf with an electronic scale with the precision of 0.5kg and the measuring range of 200 kg.
Recording the starting feed feeding weight of each calf on the same day and the weight of the residual feed fed at the same time on the next day, and calculating the daily feed intake and feed-weight ratio of the calves according to the weight, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
the feed weight ratio (%) is [ feed intake (kg)/average daily gain (kg) ] × 100%.
1.3.2 stool Scoring
Calf was fed every morning while feces were observed, scored, and recorded. The scoring criteria were performed as in Table 1, using a 4-point stool scoring method, with a score of 3 or more scored as diarrhea.
TABLE 1 stool scores
1.3.3 blood Collection and measurement indices
20mL of blood was collected by jugular vein method 2 hours after morning feeding at 7, 11 and 14 days of age, and then left to stand until demixing (about 30min), and centrifuged at 4 ℃ and 3500r/min for 15min, and the supernatant was taken and dispensed into 6 2mL centrifuge tubes. Storing at-20 deg.C for testing. The method comprises the steps of determining the activity of total superoxide dismutase (SOD) by adopting a WST-1 method, determining the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in serum by adopting a thiobarbituric acid method, determining the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) by adopting a colorimetric method, and determining the activity of Catalase (CAT) by adopting an ammonium molybdate method. The reagent kit for measuring the indexes is purchased from Nanjing institute of bioengineering, and the specific operation method refers to the specification.
2 results of the test
2.1 Effect on growth Performance of lactating calves
As can be seen from Table 2, the addition of LF, LF + SM, LF + SA, LF + NS and LF + CA to the daily gain, feed intake, normal milk feed intake, total feed intake and feed-to-weight ratio of calves before and after Escherichia coli challenge had no significant effect (P > 0.05). Among these, the LF + SM group had a very significant reduction in stool score (P <0.01) compared to the other groups.
TABLE 2 Effect of daily ration addition of lactoferrin in combination with different algae on growth performance of lactating calves
2.2 Effect on antioxidant capacity of lactating calves
As can be seen from Table 3, at 7 days of age, CAT activity in calf serum of LF + SM group was significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05); at 11 and 14 days of age, the CAT activity in calf serum of LF, LF + SM, LF + SA, LF + NS and LF + CA groups is significantly higher than that of a control group (P <0.05), and the LF + SM group is significantly higher than that of other groups (P < 0.05); SOD activity in the serum of calves in the LF + SM group is obviously higher than that of other groups (P <0.05) at the age of 14 days; at 14 days of age, MDA activity in calf serum of LF + SM group was significantly lower than other groups (P < 0.05).
TABLE 3 Effect of daily ration addition of lactoferrin in combination with different algae on antioxidant capacity of lactating calves
Claims (9)
1. A feed additive for reducing calf diarrhea rate is characterized by comprising lactoferrin and schizochytrium; wherein the mass ratio of the lactoferrin to the schizochytrium limacinum is (0.5-2): (10-30).
2. The feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of lactoferrin to schizochytrium limacinum is 1: 20.
3. a feed additive for improving the oxidation resistance of lactating calves is characterized by consisting of lactoferrin and schizochytrium; wherein the mass ratio of the lactoferrin to the schizochytrium limacinum is (0.5-2): (10-30).
4. The feed additive according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of lactoferrin to schizochytrium limacinum is 1: 20.
5. a process for preparing the feed additive of any one of claims 1 to 4, which comprises: mixing Sclerochytrium biflorum with lactoferrin uniformly to obtain the final product.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the schizochytrium limacinum is dried, crushed, sieved and mixed with lactoferrin.
7. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1-4 for the preparation of a feed for reducing the diarrhoea rate of calves or for increasing the antioxidant properties of lactating calves.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises: incorporating the feed additive into calf ration; wherein the feed additive is added into calf by taking 0.5-2g lactoferrin and 10-30g Schizochytrium annuum per day.
9. Use according to claim 8, characterized in that it comprises: the feed additive is added in an amount of 1g lactoferrin and 20g schizochytrium per day per calf.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0295009A2 (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-14 | Baylor College Of Medicine | Lactoferrin as a dietary ingredient promoting the growth of the gastrointestinal tract |
| CN101011088A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-08 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Finite baby meal |
| CN102090558A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 上海交大昂立股份有限公司 | Composition containing probiotics, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and lactoferrin and applications thereof |
| CN106072670A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | 合肥赛为智慧医疗有限公司 | A kind of salt alga is combined Bovine Lactoferrin powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN107183372A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 石河子大学 | A kind of substitute breast milk weaned for meat calf |
| CN109770078A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-21 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of feed addictive preventing nursing period calf diarrhea and its application method |
-
2019
- 2019-11-13 CN CN201911108117.0A patent/CN110973376B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0295009A2 (en) * | 1987-06-03 | 1988-12-14 | Baylor College Of Medicine | Lactoferrin as a dietary ingredient promoting the growth of the gastrointestinal tract |
| CN101011088A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-08 | 中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所 | Finite baby meal |
| CN102090558A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-06-15 | 上海交大昂立股份有限公司 | Composition containing probiotics, DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) and lactoferrin and applications thereof |
| CN106072670A (en) * | 2016-06-13 | 2016-11-09 | 合肥赛为智慧医疗有限公司 | A kind of salt alga is combined Bovine Lactoferrin powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN107183372A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 石河子大学 | A kind of substitute breast milk weaned for meat calf |
| CN109770078A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-21 | 山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of feed addictive preventing nursing period calf diarrhea and its application method |
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| Title |
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| 乳铁蛋白在犊牛生产中的应用及其生物信息学分析;张蓉等;《乳业科学与技术》;20071231(第1期);39-42 * |
| 乳铁蛋白的营养生理功能及其在断奶幼畜中的应用;武艳军等;《广东饲料》;20091031;第18卷(第10期);25-27 * |
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