CN110971015A - Ground and vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC (lower control limit) resonant wireless charging system - Google Patents
Ground and vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC (lower control limit) resonant wireless charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110971015A CN110971015A CN201911317327.0A CN201911317327A CN110971015A CN 110971015 A CN110971015 A CN 110971015A CN 201911317327 A CN201911317327 A CN 201911317327A CN 110971015 A CN110971015 A CN 110971015A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
- H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
- H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
- B60L53/12—Inductive energy transfer
- B60L53/126—Methods for pairing a vehicle and a charging station, e.g. establishing a one-to-one relation between a wireless power transmitter and a wireless power receiver
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground and vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC (lower control carrier) resonant wireless charging system, which comprises a ground unit and a vehicle-mounted unit, wherein the ground unit comprises a full-bridge circuit, a ground adjustable LCC resonant network, a ground transmitting unit and a ground control unit, wherein the full-bridge circuit, the ground adjustable LCC resonant network and the ground transmitting unit are sequentially coupled; the vehicle-mounted unit comprises a vehicle-mounted receiving unit, a vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, a synchronous rectification circuit and a vehicle-mounted control unit, wherein the vehicle-mounted receiving unit, the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network and the synchronous rectification circuit are sequentially coupled with each other. The ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network comprises a variable capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value of the power tube, and the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit changes the capacitance value of the variable capacitor by controlling the duty ratio of the power tube, so that the ground/vehicle-mounted unit works in a magnetic coupling resonance state. The invention can ensure that the electric automobile is continuously and efficiently charged under the condition of large coil offset, input voltage and load change in the magnetic coupling wireless charging process, thereby reducing energy conversion loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless charging, in particular to a ground and vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant wireless charging system.
Background
With the increasing severity of energy and environmental problems, electric vehicles have the advantages of environmental protection and energy conservation, and are widely accepted and used by people. The wireless charging system of the electric automobile gradually introduces the sight of the public due to the advantages of safety and convenience. The vehicle-mounted unit and the ground unit of the wireless charging system of the electric automobile work in a magnetic coupling resonance state, and the wireless charging system has practical significance for improving the anti-deviation capability of the wireless charging system and improving the wireless power transmission efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ground and vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant wireless charging system, which adjusts parameters of a ground and vehicle-mounted compensation network according to the change of a load, the fluctuation of input voltage and the change of offset of a ground coil to a vehicle-mounted coil to realize magnetic coupling resonant efficient charging. The circuit adopted by the invention has the advantages of few required components, low cost and simple control algorithm, and has practical significance for large-scale application of the wireless charging system.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a ground and vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance wireless charging system comprises a ground unit and a vehicle-mounted unit, wherein the ground unit comprises a full-bridge circuit, a ground adjustable LCC resonance network and a ground transmitting unit which are sequentially coupled, and a ground control unit which is coupled with the full-bridge circuit and the ground adjustable LCC resonance network, the full-bridge circuit is used for being coupled with an external power supply to get electricity, the vehicle-mounted unit comprises a vehicle-mounted receiving unit, a vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network, a synchronous rectification circuit and a vehicle-mounted control unit which is coupled with the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network and the synchronous rectification circuit in sequence, the synchronous rectification circuit is used for being coupled with a load battery to charge, the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network comprises at least one variable capacitor which is used for adjusting the capacitance value of the power tube based on the external power supply, the voltage of the load battery and the change of the coil, the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit changes the capacitance value of the variable capacitor by controlling the duty ratio of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network power tube, and further adjusts the capacitive reactance of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network to enable the ground/vehicle-mounted unit to work in a magnetic coupling resonant state. The ground control unit is also used for adjusting the phase shifting angle of the full bridge circuit.
The duty ratio of a power tube in the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network is adjusted through the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit, and the capacitance value of a variable capacitor in the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network is adjusted, so that the capacitance value is adjusted, the ground/vehicle-mounted unit is matched in impedance, and the ground/vehicle-mounted unit works in a magnetic coupling resonance state.
Further, the ground tunable LCC resonant network includes an inductor Lp1, a capacitor Cp1, a variable capacitor Cp2, and power transistors Qp1 and Qp2, wherein one end of the inductor Lp1 and one end of the capacitor Cp1 are coupled to one input terminal of the ground transmitting unit, the other end of the inductor Lp1 is coupled to one output terminal of the full bridge circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cp1 is coupled to one end of the variable capacitor Cp2 and a drain of the power transistor Qp1, the other end of the variable capacitor Cp2 and a drain of the power transistor Qp2 are coupled to the other output terminal of the full bridge circuit and the other input terminal of the ground transmitting unit, sources of the power transistors Qp1 and Qp2 are coupled, and gates of the power transistors Qp1 and Qp2 are coupled to the ground control unit.
The ground control unit adjusts duty ratios of power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 according to impedance changes caused by coil offset distance changes, external power supply voltage fluctuation and load changes, so that the capacitance value of a variable capacitor Cp2 is adjusted, impedance matching of the vehicle-mounted unit is achieved, and the ground unit works in a resonance state.
Further, the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network includes an inductor Ls1, a capacitor Cs1, a variable capacitor Cs2, and power tubes Qs1 and Qs2, one end of the inductor Ls1 and one end of the capacitor Cs1 are coupled to one output end of the vehicle-mounted receiving unit, the other end of the inductor Ls1 is coupled to one input end of the synchronous rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cs1 is coupled to one end of the variable capacitor Cs2 and a drain of the power tube Qs1, the other end of the variable capacitor Cs2 and a drain of the power tube Qs2 are coupled to the other output end of the vehicle-mounted receiving unit and the other input end of the synchronous rectification circuit, sources of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 are coupled, and gates of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 are coupled to the vehicle-mounted control unit.
The vehicle-mounted control unit adjusts duty ratios of power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 according to impedance changes caused by coil offset distance changes and load changes, so that the capacitance value of the variable capacitor Cs2 is adjusted, impedance matching of the vehicle-mounted unit is achieved, and the vehicle-mounted unit works in a resonance state.
Further, the ground transmitting unit comprises a ground coil and a ground compensation network, wherein the ground compensation network comprises capacitors Cp3 and Cp4 which are connected in series at two ends of the ground coil; the ground control unit adjusts the capacitance value of Cs2 of the ground adjustable LCC resonant network such that:
wherein, ω is 2 pi f, f is resonance frequency; ω Lp1 is the impedance of the resonant inductor Lp 1;
the impedance of the capacitors Cp1 and Cp2 connected in series; ω Lp is the impedance of the ground coil;
the impedance of the ground coil impedance minus the series connection of the capacitors Cp3 and Cp 4.
Further, the vehicle-mounted receiving unit comprises a vehicle-mounted coil and a vehicle-mounted compensation network, wherein the vehicle-mounted compensation network comprises capacitors Cs3 and Cs4 which are connected to two ends of the vehicle-mounted coil in series; the vehicle-mounted control unit adjusts the capacitive reactance of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, so that:
wherein, ω is 2 pi f, f is resonance frequency; ω Ls1 is the impedance of the resonant inductor Ls 1;
is the impedance of the series connection of the capacitors Cs1 and Cs 2; omega Ls is the impedance of the vehicle-mounted coil;
subtracting vehicle coil impedanceThe impedance of the series connection of the capacitors Cs3 and Cs 4.
Furthermore, a ground coil of the ground transmitting unit in the wireless charging system is wound in a round or square insulating disc in a multi-strand litz wire series or parallel connection mode, the size of the ground coil can be adjusted according to different occasions, and insulating modes made of different materials are selected for winding.
Furthermore, a vehicle-mounted coil of a vehicle-mounted receiving unit in the wireless charging system is wound in a round or square insulating disc in a multi-strand litz wire series or parallel connection mode, the size of the vehicle-mounted coil can be adjusted according to different occasions, and insulating modes made of different materials are selected for winding.
Further, the full-bridge circuit in the wireless charging system comprises four power tubes and four capacitors, the phase-shifted full-bridge circuit is formed, the diodes are integrated in the power tubes, the ground control unit is coupled with the power tubes, the power tubes are adjusted to be conducted and cut off, and the phase shift angle of the full-bridge circuit is adjusted.
Further, a synchronous rectification circuit in the wireless charging system comprises power tubes Qs3 and Qs4, inductors Ls2 and Ls3 and a capacitor Ce1, one end of the inductor Ls2 and a drain of the power tube Qs3 are coupled to one output end of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, the other end of the inductor Ls2 is coupled to one end of the inductor Ls3 and one end of the capacitor Ce1 and used for coupling with an anode of a load battery, a source of the power tube Qs3 is coupled to a source of the power tube Qs4 and the other end of the capacitor Ce1 and used for coupling with a cathode of the load battery, a drain of the power tube Qs4 and the other end of the inductor Ls3 are coupled to the other output end of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, and gates of the power tubes Q3 and Q4 are coupled to the vehicle-mounted control unit.
The invention has the following technical advantages or beneficial effects:
according to the scheme, the ground control unit adjusts the size of the variable capacitor by adjusting the duty ratio of the ground adjustable LCC compensation network power tube according to the change of the load, the change of the coil offset and the fluctuation of an input power supply, so that the impedance of the ground unit is adjusted, the ground unit works in a resonance state, the vehicle-mounted control unit adjusts the size of the capacitor by adjusting the duty ratio of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network power tube according to the change of the coil offset distance and the impedance change caused by the change of the load, and further adjusts the impedance of the vehicle-mounted unit, so that the vehicle-mounted unit works in the resonance state. The two units work cooperatively, so that the whole wireless charging system realizes magnetic coupling resonance high-efficiency charging, and the energy conversion loss is greatly reduced. The circuit adopted by the invention has the advantages of few required components, low cost and simple control algorithm, and has practical significance for large-scale application of the wireless charging system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the module composition and connection relationship of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit schematic of an embodiment of the ground unit of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of an embodiment of the on-board unit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the invention for those skilled in the art, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are given by way of illustration only and do not limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the ground unit includes a full-bridge circuit, a ground-adjustable LCC resonant network ground transmitting unit, and a ground control unit respectively coupled to the full-bridge circuit and the ground-adjustable LCC resonant network. The vehicle-mounted unit comprises a vehicle-mounted receiving unit, a vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, a synchronous rectification circuit and a vehicle-mounted control unit, wherein the vehicle-mounted receiving unit, the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network and the synchronous rectification circuit are sequentially coupled, and the vehicle-mounted control unit is respectively coupled with the synchronous rectification circuit and the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network. The ground transmitting unit comprises a ground coil and a ground compensation network, and the vehicle-mounted receiving unit comprises a vehicle-mounted coil and a vehicle-mounted compensation network. And energy transmission is realized between the ground coil and the vehicle-mounted coil by applying a magnetic coupling resonance type principle.
The input end of the full-bridge circuit is coupled with an externally input direct current power supply, the ground control unit controls the conduction and the closing sections of a power tube of the full-bridge circuit to convert the direct current voltage into a periodically changing square wave voltage, the ground transmitting unit forms a current approximate to a sine wave under the excitation of the square wave voltage, the ground control unit adjusts the conduction and the closing of the power tube and can also adjust the phase shift angle of the full-bridge circuit, the ground control unit controls the duty ratio of the power tube of the ground adjustable LCC compensation network to adjust the impedance in the ground adjustable LCC compensation network so that the ground unit impedance is matched, the current forms a high-frequency resonant current, the high-frequency resonant current generates an alternating electromagnetic field, the vehicle-mounted receiving unit induces a high-frequency alternating current voltage, the energy is transmitted to the vehicle-mounted end from the ground end, the vehicle-mounted receiving unit forms a high-frequency current under the excitation of the, and adjusting the impedance in the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC compensation network to match the impedance of the vehicle-mounted unit to form high-frequency resonant current, and converting the high-frequency resonant current into direct current through the synchronous rectification circuit to charge the battery of the electric vehicle.
The ground and vehicle-mounted wireless charging system with adjustable LCC resonance parameters according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the specific embodiments shown in fig. 2 and 3.
The full-bridge circuit in the embodiment comprises power tubes Q1-Q4, diodes D1-D4 and capacitors C1-C4 which are respectively integrated in the power tubes Q1-Q4, and the phase-shifted full-bridge circuit is formed and is used for being coupled with an external direct-current charging power supply and converting direct current into high-frequency alternating current. The power tubes Q1 and Q2, the diodes D1 and D2, the capacitors C1 and C2 form a leading arm circuit, the power tubes Q3 and Q4, the diodes D3 and D4, the capacitors C3 and C4 form a lagging arm circuit, and the ground control unit adjusts the conduction and the disconnection of the power tubes Q1-Q4 to adjust the phase shift angle of the full bridge circuit. According to different requirements, the power tube and the capacitor are connected in parallel, so that hard switching-on and switching-off can be realized, and zero-voltage and zero-current switching-on and switching-off can also be realized. The gates of the power transistors Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 are controlled by a ground control unit to be turned on and off respectively. Preferably, FGH75T65SQD is adopted for power tubes Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 of the embodiment, and the capacitances of capacitors C1, C2, C3 and C4 are 1.2 nF/1000V.
The ground tunable LCC resonant network in the embodiment comprises an inductor Lp1, a capacitor Cp1, a capacitor Cp2, a power tube Qp1, a power tube Qp2, a source of a power tube Q3 of a full-bridge circuit at one end of the inductor Lp1 and a drain of the power tube Q4, the other end of the inductor Lp1 is coupled with one end of a capacitor Cp1 and one end of a Cp3 of a ground transmitting unit, and the other end of the capacitor Cp1 is coupled with one end of the capacitor Cp2 and one end of the power tube Q4The other end of the capacitor Cp2 is coupled to the drain of the power tube Qp2, one end of the capacitor Cp4 of the ground transmitting unit, the source of the full-bridge power tube Q1 and the drain of the full-bridge power tube Q2, the sources of the power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 are coupled, the gates of the power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 are coupled to the ground control unit, the ground tunable LCC resonant network adjusts the duty ratios of the power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 through the ground control unit according to the output load change, the coil offset distance and the fluctuation of the external input power, controls the on-time, indirectly adjusts the capacitance of the capacitor Cp2, enables the inductor Lp1, the capacitors Cp1 and the capacitor 2 to resonate in an optimal state, and enables the inductive reactance ω Lp1 and the capacitive reactance Cp in the circuit to be in an optimal state
Are equal. Preferably, in the present embodiment, the power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 adopt SPW55N80C3FKSA1, the inductance Lp1 of the ground tunable LCC resonant network is 20uH, the capacitance Cp1 is 390nF, and the tunable capacitance Cp2 is 330 nF.
The ground transmitting unit in the embodiment comprises a ground compensation network and a ground coil, wherein the ground compensation network comprises a capacitor Cp3 and a capacitor Cp4, one end of the capacitor Cp3 is coupled with one end of the ground coil Lp, the other end of the Lp is coupled with one end of the capacitor Cp4, the other end of the capacitor Cp3 is coupled with one end of an inductor Lp1 of the ground LCC resonant network, and the other end of the capacitor Cp4 is coupled with one end of a capacitor Cp2 of the ground LCC resonant network, wherein the capacitors Cp3 and Cp4 are connected with the ground coil Lp in series to form a series compensation network for compensating the impedance of the ground coil Lp changed by load change. Preferably, in this embodiment, the capacitances Cp3 and Cp4 are 100nF, and the inductance of the ground coil Lp is 47 uH. In order to equalize the resonance impedance of the ground unit, it is necessary to satisfy
As a preferred embodiment, the ground coil is formed by winding a plurality of litz wires in series or in parallel in a circular or square insulating disc, the size of the ground coil is adjusted according to different occasions, and insulating modes of different materials are selected for winding.
The vehicle-mounted receiving unit in the embodiment comprises a vehicle-mounted compensation network and a vehicle-mounted coil, wherein the vehicle-mounted compensation network comprises capacitors Cs3 and Cs4, one end of a capacitor Cs3 is coupled with one end of a vehicle-mounted coil Ls, the other end of an inductor Ls is coupled with one end of a capacitor Cs4, the other end of a capacitor Cs3 is coupled with one end of an inductor Ls1 of a vehicle-mounted LCC resonant network, and the other end of a capacitor Cs4 is coupled with one end of a capacitor Cs2 of a ground LCC resonant network, wherein the capacitors Cs3 and Cs4 are connected with the vehicle-mounted coil Ls in series to form a series compensation network for compensating the impedance of the vehicle-mounted coil Lp changed. Preferably, in this embodiment, the capacitances Cs3 and Cs4 are 47nF, and the inductance of the vehicle-mounted coil Ls is 120 uH.
As a preferred embodiment, the vehicle-mounted coil is wound in a round or square insulating disc in a mode of connecting a plurality of strands of litz wires in series or in parallel, the size of the vehicle-mounted coil is adjusted according to different occasions, and insulating modes made of different materials are selected for winding.
The vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network in the embodiment comprises an inductor Ls1, capacitors Cs1, Cs2 and power tubes Qs1 and Qs2, wherein one end of the inductor Ls1 is coupled to one ends of a capacitor Cs3 and a capacitor Cs1 of a vehicle-mounted receiving unit, the other end of the inductor Ls1 is coupled to one end of an inductor Ls2 and a drain of the power tube Qs3 of a synchronous rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cs1 is coupled to the drain of the power tube Qs1 and one end of a capacitor Cs2, a source of the power tube Qs1 is connected with a source of the power tube Qs2, the other end of the capacitor Cs2 and the drain of the power tube Qs2 are coupled to one ends of a capacitor Cs4 and a Ls3 of the synchronous rectification unit of the vehicle-mounted compensation network, and gates of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 are coupled to the vehicle-mounted control unit. When the load of the vehicle-mounted unit changes, the duty ratios of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 are adjusted through the vehicle-mounted control unit, the on-time of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 is controlled, and the capacitance value of the capacitor Cs2 is indirectly adjusted. Equalizing resonant impedances in the circuit, i.e.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, SPW55N80C3FKSA1 is adopted for power tubes Qs1 and Qs2, inductance Ls1 of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network is 10uH, capacitance Cs1 is 680nF, and capacitance Cs2 is 470 nF.
The synchronous rectification circuit in the embodiment comprises power tubes Qs3 and Qs4, energy storage inductors Ls2 and Ls3 and a capacitor Ce1, duty ratios of the power tubes Qs3 and Qs4 are adjusted through a vehicle-mounted control unit, the energy storage inductors Ls2 and Ls3 and the capacitor Ce1 filter, and direct current is output to charge a load battery B1. Preferably, in this embodiment, the power tubes Qs3 and Qs4 adopt IPW65R045C7, the inductors Ls2 and Ls3 are 220uH, and the filter capacitor Ce1 adopts 6 pieces of 470uH/500V in parallel connection.
The fixed frequency specified by the wireless charging of the electric automobile is 85KHz, the resonance frequency of the ground coil and the resonance frequency of the vehicle-mounted coil are both fixed at 85KHz, when the electric quantity of a lithium battery of the electric automobile is less, the charging current is larger, the duty ratio of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network is adjusted through the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit, so that the variable capacitance value is increased, the output power of the ground/vehicle-mounted unit is larger, the charging current required after the lithium battery of the electric automobile is fully charged is small, the duty ratio of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network is adjusted through the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit, the variable capacitance value of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonance network is reduced, the output power of the ground/vehicle-mounted unit is reduced, the load is changed in the charging process of the battery of the electric automobile, and, the ground/vehicle-mounted unit works in a resonance state, and the wireless charging system keeps high transmission efficiency.
The direction of the electric automobile moving back and forth is set as the X-axis direction, the direction of the electric automobile moving horizontally left and right is set as the Y-axis direction, and the direction vertical to the X-axis and the Y-axis is set as the Z-axis direction.
As a mode of the embodiment, when the offset of the ground coil and the vehicle coil is 0mm in the X-axis and Y-axis directions and 150mm in the Z-axis direction, the dc voltage for charging the battery of the electric vehicle is 390V, and according to the laboratory test result, the transmission energy efficiency is about 92%.
As another mode of the embodiment, when the offset of the ground coil and the vehicle-mounted coil is 0mm in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, the Z-axis direction is 210mm, the direct-current voltage for charging the battery of the electric vehicle is 420V, and the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit adjusts the duty ratio of the power tube of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network according to the offset distance of the coil and the change of the charging load, so that the ground unit and the vehicle-mounted unit are both in a magnetic coupling resonance state, and according to the laboratory test result, the transmission energy efficiency is about 91%.
It can be seen from the above data that, in the case that the offset distance is increased, the external input voltage fluctuates, and the load change is large, the wireless charging system in this embodiment adjusts the capacitance value of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, so that the ground/vehicle-mounted unit operates in the resonant state of impedance matching, and the wireless system still maintains the magnetic coupling resonance efficient charging, thereby reducing the energy conversion loss. The circuit adopted by the invention has the advantages of less required components, low cost, simple control algorithm and large-scale application.
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a wireless charging system of ground and on-vehicle adjustable LCC resonance, characterized by: the ground unit comprises a full-bridge circuit, a ground adjustable LCC resonant network, a ground transmitting unit and a ground control unit, wherein the full-bridge circuit, the ground adjustable LCC resonant network and the ground transmitting unit are sequentially coupled, the ground control unit is coupled with the full-bridge circuit and the ground adjustable LCC resonant network, and the full-bridge circuit is coupled with an external power supply; the vehicle-mounted unit comprises a vehicle-mounted receiving unit, a vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network and a synchronous rectification circuit which are sequentially coupled, and a vehicle control unit coupled to the vehicle adjustable LCC resonant network and a synchronous rectifier circuit for charging a load battery, the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network comprises at least one variable capacitor for adjusting the capacitance value thereof based on a power tube, the ground/vehicle-mounted control unit is based on the parameter change in the charging process, the capacitance value of the variable capacitor is changed by controlling the duty ratio of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network power tube, further adjusting the capacitive reactance of the ground/vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network to enable the ground/vehicle-mounted unit to work in a magnetic coupling resonant state, wherein the parametric variations in the charging process include variations in voltage of an external power source, a load battery, and/or coil offset; the ground control unit is also used for adjusting the phase shifting angle of the full bridge circuit.
2. The wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein: the ground adjustable LCC resonant network comprises an inductor Lp1, a capacitor Cp1, a variable capacitor Cp2 and power tubes Qp1 and Qp2, wherein one end of the inductor Lp1 and one end of the capacitor Cp1 are coupled to one input end of a ground transmitting unit, the other end of the inductor Lp1 is coupled to one output end of a full-bridge circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cp1 is coupled to one end of a variable capacitor Cp2 and a drain electrode of the power tube Qp1, the other end of the variable capacitor Cp2 and the drain electrode of the power tube Qp2 are coupled to the other output end of the full-bridge circuit and the other input end of the ground transmitting unit, source electrodes of the power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 are coupled, and gate electrodes of the power tubes Qp1 and Qp2 are.
3. The wireless charging system of claim 1, wherein: the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network comprises an inductor Ls1, a capacitor Cs1, a variable capacitor Cs2 and power tubes Qs1 and Qs 2; one end of an inductor Ls1 and one end of a capacitor Cs1 are coupled to one output end of the vehicle-mounted receiving unit, the other end of the inductor Ls1 is coupled to one input end of the synchronous rectification circuit, the other end of the capacitor Cs1 is coupled to one end of a variable capacitor Cs2 and a drain of a power tube Qs1, the other end of the variable capacitor Cs2 and a drain of the power tube Qs2 are coupled to the other output end of the vehicle-mounted receiving unit and the other input end of the synchronous rectification circuit, sources of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 are coupled, and gates of the power tubes Qs1 and Qs2 are coupled to the vehicle-mounted control unit.
4. The wireless charging system of claim 2, wherein: the ground transmitting unit comprises a ground coil and a ground compensation network, wherein the ground compensation network comprises capacitors Cp3 and Cp4 which are connected in series at two ends of the ground coil; the ground control unit adjusts the capacitive reactance of the ground-adjustable LCC resonant network based on the voltage of the external power supply, the voltage of the load battery and the coil offset change, so that:
wherein, ω is 2 pi f, f is resonance frequency; ω Lp1 is the impedance of inductor Lp 1;
the impedance of the capacitors Cp1 and Cp2 connected in series; ω Lp is the impedance of the ground coil;
the impedance of the ground coil impedance minus the series connection of the capacitors Cp3 and Cp 4.
5. The wireless charging system of claim 3, wherein: the vehicle-mounted receiving unit comprises a vehicle-mounted coil and a vehicle-mounted compensation network, wherein the vehicle-mounted compensation network comprises capacitors Cs3 and Cs4 which are connected to two ends of the vehicle-mounted coil in series; the vehicle-mounted control unit adjusts the capacitive reactance of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network based on the voltage change of the load battery, so that:
wherein, ω is 2 pi f, f is resonance frequency; ω Ls1 is the impedance of inductor Ls 1;
is the impedance of the series connection of the capacitors Cs1 and Cs 2; omega Ls is the impedance of the vehicle-mounted coil;
the impedance of the vehicle coil impedance minus the series connection of the capacitors Cs3 and Cs 4.
6. The wireless charging system of claim 4, wherein: the ground coil is formed by connecting a plurality of strands of litz wires in series or in parallel and is surrounded in a circular or square insulating disc.
7. The wireless charging system of claim 5, wherein: the vehicle-mounted coil is formed by connecting a plurality of strands of litz wires in series or in parallel and is surrounded in a circular or square insulating disc.
8. The wireless charging system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: the full-bridge circuit comprises four power tubes and four capacitors, a phase-shifted full-bridge circuit is formed, diodes are integrated in the power tubes, the ground control unit is coupled to the grids of the power tubes, and the phase-shifted angle of the phase-shifted full-bridge circuit is adjusted by adjusting the conduction and the turn-off of the power tubes.
9. The wireless charging system of claim 8, wherein: the synchronous rectification circuit comprises power tubes Qs3 and Qs4, inductors Ls2 and Ls3 and a capacitor Ce1, one end of the inductor Ls2 and the drain electrode of the power tube Qs3 are coupled with one output end of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, and the other end of the inductor Ls2 is coupled with one end of the inductor Ls3 and one end of the capacitor Ce1 and is used for being coupled with the anode of a load battery; the source of the power tube Qs3 is coupled with the source of the power tube Qs4 and the other end of the capacitor Ce1 and is used for being coupled with the negative electrode of the load battery, the drain of the power tube Qs4 and the other end of the inductor Ls3 are coupled with the other output end of the vehicle-mounted adjustable LCC resonant network, and the grids of the power tube Qs3 and the power tube Qs4 are coupled with the vehicle-mounted control unit.
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