CN110970941A - Method for accurately calculating reactive output range of double-fed wind generating set - Google Patents

Method for accurately calculating reactive output range of double-fed wind generating set Download PDF

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CN110970941A
CN110970941A CN201911367995.4A CN201911367995A CN110970941A CN 110970941 A CN110970941 A CN 110970941A CN 201911367995 A CN201911367995 A CN 201911367995A CN 110970941 A CN110970941 A CN 110970941A
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output range
side converter
grid
dfig
reactive
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CN110970941B (en
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华亮亮
刘明昌
李�赫
黄伟
郭天飞
郑明杨
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Tongliao Power Supply Co Of State Grid East Inner Mongolia Electric Power Co
North China Electric Power University
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Tongliao Power Supply Co Of State Grid East Inner Mongolia Electric Power Co
North China Electric Power University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

Abstract

The invention provides an accurate calculation method for a reactive output range of a double-fed wind generating set, which is based on a dynamic model of the double-fed wind generating set under the orientation of the voltage of a power grid, considers the reactive loss of a filter inductor of a grid-side converter, considers two factors of capacity limitation and maximum operating current of the grid-side converter in the reactive output range of the grid-side converter, considers the influence of three factors of capacity of a rotor-side converter, operating current of the rotor-side converter and DFIG (doubly-fed induction generator) capacity in the reactive output range of a stator, and realizes the accurate calculation of the reactive output range of the double-fed wind generating set. The method not only can realize the accurate calculation of the reactive output range of the whole wind power plant or the distributed wind turbine generator, but also can provide a basis for reasonably configuring reactive compensation equipment of the wind power plant, and reasonably adjusting the voltage of the reactive participation system of the generator and reasonably scheduling.

Description

Method for accurately calculating reactive output range of double-fed wind generating set
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to an accurate calculation method for a reactive power output range of a double-fed wind generating set.
Background
The reactive power output range calculation method of the existing doubly-fed wind generating set ignores the reactive power loss of the filter inductor of the grid-side converter, and considers that the reactive power output by the rotor winding is the reactive power transmitted to the power grid. In addition, the current calculation method only considers the current limit of the rotor-side converter and the capacity limit of the grid-side converter when finally determining the reactive output range of the unit, other limiting factors are only simply explained, and the reactive output range of the unit under the operation under the full working condition cannot be accurately disclosed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the reactive power loss of the filter inductance of the grid-side converter is considered based on a dynamic model of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator set under the grid voltage orientation, the two factors of the capacity limit and the maximum operating current of the grid-side converter are considered in the reactive output range of the grid-side converter, the influence of the three factors of the capacity of the rotor-side converter, the operating current of the rotor-side converter and the DFIG capacity is considered in the reactive output range of the stator, and the accurate calculation of the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator set under the full-working-.
A method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of a doubly-fed wind generating set comprises the following steps:
step 1), establishing a mathematical model of the DFIG under a dq coordinate system, and respectively deducing corresponding expressions under a grid-side converter and a rotor-side converter of the DFIG in a grid voltage orientation mode;
step 2), dividing the operation area of the DFIG by taking the wind speed as a horizontal coordinate according to the DFIG parameters to obtain the active output range of the DFIG;
step 3), the grid-side converter considers two factors of the capacity limit of the grid-side converter and the maximum operating current of the grid-side converter, and the stator considers three factors of the capacity of the rotor-side converter, the operating current of the rotor-side converter and the DFIG capacity to respectively deduce the reactive output range of the rotor-side converter;
and 4), calculating the reactive output range of the DFIG under the full working condition by combining the factors considered by the two parts of reactive components according to the running condition of the DFIG under the full working condition.
Further, the operating region of the DFIG includes CpConstant area, constant rotating speed area and constant power area, the lowest wind speed is cut-in wind speed, the highest wind speed is cut-out wind speed, and the wind speed is determined according to the conditions
Figure BDA0002338941500000021
Obtaining the active output range of the DFIG under all working conditions, wherein rho is 1.225kg/m3Air density, R is the wind turbine impeller radius, S is the cross-sectional area of the blade, vwIs the wind speed, CpIs the coefficient of wind energy utilization, PtFor mechanical power of wind turbines, PoFor wind turbine output power, Pt=Po
Further, the lower limit of the reactive output range of the grid-side converter is determined by the capacity of the grid-side converter, the upper limit is determined by the capacity of the converter when operating near the active output limit, and the maximum operating current is determined under the rest of the operating conditions.
Further, the upper limit of the stator reactive output range is determined by the DFIG capacity, the lower limit thereof is determined by the rotor-side converter capacity when the rotation speed is low, and the DFIG capacity when the rotation speed is high.
Further, the reactive output range of the grid-side converter is Ag=O1∩O2
O1={(-∞,Qg11)∪(Qg12,+∞)}∩(Qg21,Qg22)
O2Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002338941500000022
wherein, UsIs the grid voltage vector magnitude, LgFor filtering equivalent inductance, omega, of a grid-side convertersFor stator winding voltage-current angular frequency, SgNFor the rated capacity of the grid-side converter,
Figure BDA0002338941500000023
Figure BDA0002338941500000031
further, the exchange reactive power range of the DFIG stator and the power grid is As=O3∩O4∩O5
O3Comprises the following steps: o is3={(-∞,Qs21)∪(Qs22,+∞)}∩(Qs11,Qs12)
Figure BDA0002338941500000032
Figure BDA0002338941500000033
O4Comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002338941500000034
O5comprises the following steps:
Figure BDA0002338941500000035
wherein L ismFor exciting the inductance, SNIs the DFIG capacity, IrmaxThe maximum current is run for the rotor-side converter.
Further, the reactive output range of the DFIG under the full working condition is Ag+As
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method considers the influence of the network side filter inductance on the reactive power output range, is more suitable for the influence of the filter inductance when the wind turbine generator outputs the reactive power, and accurately calculates the reactive power output range of the wind turbine generator.
2. The invention provides a reactive power output range calculation model based on the full operating condition of a wind turbine generator, so that different influence factors can be considered according to different operating conditions of the wind turbine generator, the reactive power output range can be accurately calculated, the reactive power output range of the whole wind power plant or a distributed wind turbine generator can be accurately calculated, and a basis can be provided for reasonably configuring reactive power compensation equipment of the wind power plant, and reasonably adjusting the voltage of a reactive power participation system of the wind turbine generator and reasonably scheduling.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single doubly-fed wind turbine generator system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a current transformer circuit configuration;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the DFIG operating region and active power output range;
fig. 4 is a reactive output range of the grid-side converter;
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the results of calculating the net side reactive output range using the method of the present invention and the prior art method;
FIG. 6 is a stator side reactive output range;
fig. 7 is a comparison graph of the results of calculating the stator side reactive output range using the method of the present invention and the prior art method.
Detailed Description
The embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The method is based on a dynamic model of the doubly-fed wind generating set under the grid voltage orientation, the reactive loss of a filter inductor of a grid-side converter is considered, two factors of the capacity limit and the maximum operating current of the grid-side converter are considered in the reactive output range of the grid-side converter, the influence of three factors of the capacity of a rotor-side converter, the operating current of the rotor-side converter and the DFIG capacity is considered in the reactive output range of a stator, and the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind generating set under the full-working-condition operation condition is accurately calculated.
TABLE 1 calculation of parameters
Figure BDA0002338941500000051
The specific parameters of the single doubly-fed wind generating set shown in fig. 1 are shown in table 1, the current transformer model is shown in fig. 2 by a mathematical model under the existing dq coordinate system by adopting a motor convention, and the current transformer is oriented by the grid voltage, namely ugd=Us、ugqWhen the voltage on the ac side of the available grid-side converter is 0
Figure BDA0002338941500000052
Grid-side power, i.e. the power flowing into the grid is
Figure BDA0002338941500000061
AC side power, i.e. output power of grid side converter, is
Figure BDA0002338941500000062
Wherein, UsAs the grid voltage vector magnitude, ugd、ugqThe components of d and q axes of the grid voltage are obtained; v. ofgd、vgqThe components of the alternating-current side voltage d and q axis of the grid-side converter are obtained; i.e. igd、igqFor the current flowing into the d, q-axis components of the grid-side converter, Rg、LgThe equivalent resistance and the inductance of the filtering of the grid-side converter are disclosed.
The related expressions of the rotor-side converter are obtained in the same way, and the rotor voltage of the rotor-side converter is
Figure BDA0002338941500000063
Stator output power of
Figure BDA0002338941500000064
Rotor output power of
Figure BDA0002338941500000065
Wherein u issd、usq、urd、urqFor d, q-axis components of stator and rotor voltages, ird、irqIs the d, q axis component of the rotor current, Rs、RrIs stator and rotor winding resistance, Ls、Lr、LmStator, rotor, excitation inductance, omegasFor stator winding voltage current angular frequency, omegarIs the rotor winding voltage current angular frequency.
The output limit of the doubly-fed wind generator is researched, firstly, the operation area of the doubly-fed wind generator system is divided, and different operation areas correspond to different operation states. The operation area can be divided into three parts according to the operation state of the system under different wind speeds and rotating speeds: cpConstant zone, constant speed zone, constant power zone, with the lowest wind speed being the cut-in wind speed and the highest wind speed being the cut-out wind speed, as shown in FIG. 3, based on
Figure BDA0002338941500000071
The active output range of the DFIG under all working conditions can be obtained. Wherein rho is 1.225kg/m3R is the radius of the impeller of the wind turbine. S is the cross-sectional area of the blade, vwIs the wind speed, CpIs the coefficient of wind energy utilization, PtFor mechanical power of wind turbines, PoFor wind turbine output power, neglecting active and mechanical losses, Pt=Po
The reactive output range of the grid-side converter mainly considers two factors of the capacity limit and the maximum running current of the grid-side converter.
Limitation ① that the grid-side converter does not exceed its rated capacity is
Figure BDA0002338941500000072
Formula (1) is substituted for formula (3) to obtain
Figure BDA0002338941500000073
Neglecting the first derivative of equation (8) yields equation (9), where equation (9) represents the power loss of the filter resistor and inductor in the circuit structure.
Figure BDA0002338941500000074
Since the filter resistance is generally small, active loss, P, is ignoredg′=PgIn the vertical direction (2), (7) and (9) and because
Figure BDA0002338941500000075
To obtain
Figure BDA0002338941500000076
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002338941500000081
solving the inequality of a one-dimensional quadratic equation to obtain:
Figure BDA0002338941500000082
at the moment, the reactive power exchange range between the grid-side converter and the power grid is O1(where the above expression is real), when an imaginary solution exists for equation (10), the corresponding constraint is not considered.
O1={(-∞,Qg11)∪(Qg12,+∞)}∩(Qg21,Qg22) (12)
Wherein S isgNFor the rated capacity of the grid-side converter,
Figure BDA0002338941500000083
is the AC side current vector of the grid side converter.
Limit ② considering the maximum current of the GSC (typically 1.2 times the rated current) is
Figure BDA0002338941500000084
Wherein, IgmaxThe maximum operation current of the grid-side converter.
Formula (2) brings formula (13) to
Figure BDA0002338941500000085
Is marked as O2In conclusion, the reactive output range of the network-side converter is Ag=O1∩O2As shown in fig. 4. The comparison with the upper and lower limits of the existing calculation method is shown in fig. 5. As can be seen from fig. 5, the lower limit of the reactive output range of the grid-side converter is determined by the capacity of the grid-side converter, the upper limit is determined by the capacity of the converter when the grid-side converter is operated near the active output limit, and the maximum operating current is determined under the rest operating conditions, because the upper and lower limit values are higher than the range derived by the existing calculation method due to the grid-side filter inductance.
The DFIG stator reactive power is limited by the rotor-side converter capacity, the rotor-side converter operating current, and the DFIG capacity.
Limit ① rotor side converter Capacity Limit
Figure BDA0002338941500000091
Formula (4) is substituted for formula (6), and because of ωs=ωrS, can be obtained
Figure BDA0002338941500000092
Neglecting the first derivative of equation (16) to obtain
Figure BDA0002338941500000093
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002338941500000094
is the AC side current vector of the rotor side converter.
Neglecting active losses, i.e. Pr=-sPsAre connected vertically (5), (15) and (17), and
Figure BDA0002338941500000095
to obtain
Figure BDA0002338941500000096
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002338941500000097
can be solved to obtain:
Figure BDA0002338941500000101
when the above formulas are real numbers, the reactive power range O of the stator can be obtained3When the imaginary solution of equation (18) exists, it represents that the corresponding limitation is not considered.
O3={(-∞,Qs21)∪(Qs22,+∞)}∩(Qs11,Qs12) (20)
Limit ② rotor-side converter operating current limit (typically 1.2 times rated current), to get
Figure BDA0002338941500000102
Formula (5) is substituted for formula (21) to obtain
Figure BDA0002338941500000103
The stator reactive output range obtained by the arrangement is represented as the formula (23) and is marked as O4
Figure BDA0002338941500000104
Limiting ③ DFIG Capacity SNIs represented by the formula (24) and is represented by O5
Figure BDA0002338941500000105
Therefore, the exchange reactive power range of the DFIG stator and the power grid is As=O3∩O4∩O5Referring to fig. 7, it can be seen from fig. 7 that the stator reactive output range is determined by the rotor-side converter capacity and the DFIG capacity together, wherein the upper limit of the output range is determined by the DFIG capacity, the lower limit is determined by the rotor-side converter capacity at lower speeds, and the DFIG capacity at higher speeds, and the precise calculation method proposed by the present invention is more precise than the prior art under full operating conditions.
In conclusion, the reactive output range of the DFIG is as follows: a. theg+As
The reactive power output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator under the specific operation condition can be obtained through the analysis. The output range is calculated, taking the wind speed of 11m/s as an example. At the moment, the slip ratio is-0.2, and the maximum wind energy is tracked and controlled according to Ag、AsExpression is given as Qgmax=0.6360Mvar,Qgmin=-0.4239Mvar,Qsmax=1.1206Mvar,Qsmin-1.1206 Mvar. Namely, the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator is [ -1.5445, 1.7566 ] at the moment]Mvar。
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of a doubly-fed wind generating set comprises the following steps:
step 1), establishing a mathematical model of the DFIG under a dq coordinate system, and respectively deducing corresponding expressions under a grid-side converter and a rotor-side converter of the DFIG in a grid voltage orientation mode;
step 2), dividing the operation area of the DFIG by taking the wind speed as a horizontal coordinate according to the DFIG parameters to obtain the active output range of the DFIG;
step 3), the grid-side converter considers two factors of the capacity limit of the grid-side converter and the maximum operating current of the grid-side converter, and the stator considers three factors of the capacity of the rotor-side converter, the operating current of the rotor-side converter and the DFIG capacity to respectively deduce the reactive output range of the rotor-side converter;
and 4), calculating the reactive output range of the DFIG under the full working condition by combining the factors considered by the two parts of reactive components according to the running condition of the DFIG under the full working condition.
2. The method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the operation region of the DFIG comprises CpConstant area, constant rotating speed area and constant power area, the lowest wind speed is cut-in wind speed, the highest wind speed is cut-out wind speed, and the wind speed is determined according to the conditions
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000011
Obtaining the active output range of the DFIG under all working conditions, wherein rho is 1.225kg/m3Air density, R is the wind turbine impeller radius, S is the cross-sectional area of the blade, vwIs the wind speed, CpIs the coefficient of wind energy utilization, PtFor mechanical power of wind turbines, PoFor wind turbine output power, Pt=Po
3. The method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator set as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lower limit of the reactive output range of the grid-side converter is determined by the capacity of the grid-side converter, the upper limit is determined by the capacity of the converter when the doubly-fed wind turbine generator set is operated near the active output limit, and the maximum operating current is determined under the rest operating conditions.
4. The method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator set according to claim 1, wherein the upper limit of the reactive output range of the stator is determined by the capacity of the DFIG, the lower limit of the reactive output range is determined by the capacity of the rotor-side converter when the rotating speed is low, and the lower limit of the reactive output range is determined by the capacity of the DFIG when the rotating speed is high.
5. The method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind generating set according to claim 2, wherein the reactive output range of the grid-side converter is Ag=O1∩O2
O1={(-∞,Qg11)∪(Qg12,+∞)}∩(Qg21,Qg22)
O2Comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000021
wherein, UsIs the grid voltage vector magnitude, LgFor filtering equivalent inductance, omega, of a grid-side convertersFor stator winding voltage-current angular frequency, SgNFor the rated capacity of the grid-side converter,
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000022
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000023
6. the method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator system according to claim 5, wherein the reactive output range of the DFIG stator exchanged with a power grid is As=O3∩O4∩O5
O3Comprises the following steps: o is3={(-∞,Qs21)∪(Qs22,+∞)}∩(Qs11,Qs12)
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000031
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000032
O4Comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000033
O5comprises the following steps:
Figure RE-FDA0002369904420000034
wherein L ismFor exciting the inductance, SNIs the DFIG capacity, IrmaxThe maximum current is run for the rotor-side converter.
7. The method for accurately calculating the reactive output range of the doubly-fed wind turbine generator system according to claim 6, wherein the reactive output range of the DFIG under all working conditions is Ag+As
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