CN110967672A - Radar communication integrated design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information - Google Patents

Radar communication integrated design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information Download PDF

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CN110967672A
CN110967672A CN201911101802.0A CN201911101802A CN110967672A CN 110967672 A CN110967672 A CN 110967672A CN 201911101802 A CN201911101802 A CN 201911101802A CN 110967672 A CN110967672 A CN 110967672A
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communication
radar
constellation point
representing
signal
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CN110967672B (en
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曹运合
吴文华
刘玉涛
王徐华
王胜华
王蒙
王从思
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Xidian University
CETC 54 Research Institute
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/36—Means for anti-jamming, e.g. ECCM, i.e. electronic counter-counter measures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
    • H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a radar communication integrated design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information, and belongs to the technical field of radars. The method uses the communication technology for reference, performs constellation point mapping on the transmitting signal in the communication direction on the basis of the MIMO radar airspace transmitting wave beam forming, inserts the communication symbol into the signal phase information, and restricts the signal amplitude to ensure that the communication receiving end can perform effective symbol detection, thereby improving the communication error rate performance and the communication data rate of the communication system. The invention can respectively realize the radar and communication functions on the main lobe and the side lobe of the MIMO radar transmitting beam directional diagram, and the main lobe and the side lobe are separated in the airspace, thereby avoiding the mutual interference of the radar and the communication, and simultaneously modulating the communication data by adopting a constellation point mapping method, and improving the communication digital code rate.

Description

Radar communication integrated design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radar communication, and particularly relates to a radar communication integrated design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information.
Background
With the development of radar technology and communication technology, radar and communication systems have great similarity in hardware implementation and a great degree of overlap in spectrum resources. And modern single operation platform needs more electronic equipment when realizing electronic information tasks such as radar detection and communication transmission function, leads to having occupied too much space resource of operation platform, consequently realizes on single platform that radar communication is integrative becomes a development trend of modern electronic operation system. The radar communication integration is realized, the utilization rate of hardware resources and the utilization rate of frequency spectrum resources can be improved, the space cost is saved, and the radar communication integration system can be widely applied to platforms such as unmanned reconnaissance aircraft and no-load early warning aircraft.
At present, the main research direction for realizing radar communication integration is based on a system of shared signals, and most of traditional methods insert communication symbols into radar signals in a specific mode, so that the dual functions of radar detection and communication transmission are achieved simultaneously. However, the method inevitably causes mutual interference between the radar and the communication system, and preprocessing is needed to be performed in advance when the radar receives signals, so that the influence of communication symbols is eliminated, the cost of signal processing is increased to a certain extent, and the performance of the radar is lost to a certain extent. Therefore, how to insert communication information into radar signals under the condition of avoiding mutual interference of radar and communication is an important and challenging problem for the radar communication integration research.
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar compares in traditional phased array radar, has very high degree of freedom and flexibility in the waveform design, through the transmission waveform that designs to be fit for, can realize radar detection and communication transmission's function respectively in the mainlobe of radar transmission beam and sidelobe region to mutual interference between radar and the communication system has been avoided in the airspace. However, how to improve the communication data rate of the radar communication integrated system is an urgent problem to be solved by the method.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a radar communication integration design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information. The method uses the communication technology for reference, performs constellation point mapping on the transmitting signal in the communication direction on the basis of the MIMO radar airspace transmitting wave beam forming, inserts the communication symbol into the signal phase information, and restricts the signal amplitude to ensure that the communication receiving end can perform effective symbol detection, thereby improving the communication error rate performance and the communication data rate of the communication system.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
The radar communication integrated design method based on the constellation point mapping insertion information comprises the following steps:
step 1, giving an information symbol x to be transmitted of a radar communication integrated system, modulating the information symbol x to be transmitted by adopting M-PSK (phase shift keying), and obtaining a corresponding information symbol gamma to be inserted [ v ] v ═ v-1,…,vq,…,vQ]T；
Wherein, the element of x is 0 or 1, the length of x is Q multiplied by M, Q is the number of orthogonal base signals, and M is the number of constellation points; [. the]TRepresenting a vector transpose;
step 2, presetting the signal amplitude rho of the communication direction according to the communication distance, inserting the information symbol gamma to be inserted into the signal phase of the communication direction, and then carrying out transmitting beam optimization to obtain a weighting vector c 'of the orthogonal base signal'qQ is 1,2, …, Q, i.e. the MIMO radar transmit beam forming weight vector;
step 3, constructing an NcHadamard matrix H of order0Extracting the matrix H0As a set of discrete orthogonal basis signals u1,…uq,…,uQ；
Wherein N iscRepresenting the number of sub-pulses, u, within a radar pulseqQ is 1,2, …, Q represents H0The q-th row vector of the matrix;
step 4, forming a weight vector c 'according to the transmitting wave beam'qAnd quadrature base signal uqAnd carrying out weighted summation on the orthogonal base signals to obtain discrete transmitting signals on each antenna:
Figure BDA0002270089840000031
wherein s isp,p＝1,2,…,MtFor discrete transmission signals on the p-th antenna, MtIndicating the number of transmitting antennas;
respectively carrying out digital-to-analog conversion on discrete transmitting signals on each antenna to obtain corresponding continuous time transmitting signals
Figure BDA0002270089840000032
t is time, uq(t) is the quadrature base signal for successive times;
step 5, the continuous time transmitting signal reaches a receiving end of a base station after passing through a Gaussian white noise channel to obtain a communication receiving signal y (t); after the communication receiving signals are matched and filtered, the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signal is extractedq,q＝1,2,…,Q；
Step 6, adopting maximum likelihood criterion to extract information symbol yqMaking decision to obtain final information symbol
Figure BDA0002270089840000033
For the final information symbol
Figure BDA0002270089840000034
Performing M-PSK demodulation to obtain communication data transmitted by the radar communication integrated system, namely completing communication between the radar communication integrated system and the base stationThe letter is sent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts the constellation point mapping method to form the constellation point symbol in the communication direction of the transmitting wave beam, can improve the communication number code rate to a certain extent, and increase the communication capacity.
(2) The radar communication integration method based on information insertion can realize radar detection and communication transmission in the main lobe area and the side lobe area of the transmitted wave beam respectively, thereby avoiding mutual interference between radar and communication in an airspace.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a beam pattern corresponding to a weighting vector of each orthogonal basis signal in the embodiment of the present invention, where the abscissa is an angle and the ordinate is a normalized amplitude;
FIG. 3 is a synthesized transmit beam pattern for a MIMO radar in an embodiment of the present invention, where the abscissa is angle and the ordinate is normalized amplitude;
fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of communication error code characteristic curves at a communication receiving end in the embodiment of the present invention; wherein the abscissa is the signal-to-noise ratio and the ordinate is the bit error rate.
Detailed Description
The embodiments and effects of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the radar communication integrated design method based on constellation point mapping insertion information of the present invention includes the following steps:
step 1, an information symbol x to be transmitted of a radar communication integrated system is given, wherein the element of x is 0 or 1, the length of x is QxM, Q is the number of orthogonal base signals, M is the number of constellation points, and then the symbol represented by the mth constellation point is v(m)＝ej2πm/MM is 0,1, …, M-1; using M-PSK to modulate information symbol x to be transmitted to obtain corresponding information symbol gamma ═ v to be inserted1,…,vq,…,vQ]T；
Wherein [ ·]TRepresenting a vector transpose;
step 2, presetting the signal amplitude rho of the communication direction according to the communication distance, inserting the information symbol gamma to be inserted into the signal phase of the communication direction, and then carrying out transmitting beam optimization to obtain a weighting vector c 'of the orthogonal base signal'qQ is 1,2, …, Q, i.e. the MIMO radar transmit beam forming weight vector;
specifically, the objective function of the transmit beam optimization and its constraint conditions are:
Figure BDA0002270089840000051
Figure BDA0002270089840000052
Cat(θc)＝ρΓ
wherein, C ═ C1,…,cq,…,cQ]HA weight matrix consisting of Q weight vectors, which is a Q x M-dimensional variable in the complex domain, cqQ is 1,2, …, Q represents the weighting vector of the Q-th orthogonal basis signal [ · Q]HRepresenting a matrix conjugate transpose, at(theta) denotes a transmit steering vector, theta denotes a spatial angle, and theta denotescIndicates the communication direction angle, at(θc) Representing a transmitting guide vector corresponding to the communication direction angle; thetamlSet of angles, Θ, representing the main lobe regionslRepresenting the angle set of the side lobe region, | ·| non-woven phosphor22 norm representing the vector, F (-) represents the sum of all vector elements;
then, the optimal solution of the objective function is solved to obtain a corresponding optimal weighting matrix C '═ C'1,…,c'q,…,c'Q]HI.e. the MIMO radar transmit beamforming weight vector.
Step 3, constructing an NcHadamard matrix H of order0Extracting the matrix H0As a set of first Q row vectorsDiscrete quadrature base signal u1,…uq,…,uQ；
Wherein N iscRepresenting the number of sub-pulses, u, within a radar pulseqQ is 1,2, …, Q represents H0The q-th row vector of the matrix;
step 4, forming a weight vector c 'according to the transmitting wave beam'qAnd quadrature base signal uqAnd carrying out weighted summation on the orthogonal base signals to obtain discrete transmitting signals on each antenna:
Figure BDA0002270089840000053
wherein s isp,p＝1,2,…,MtFor discrete transmission signals on the p-th antenna, MtIndicating the number of transmitting antennas;
respectively carrying out digital-to-analog conversion on discrete transmitting signals on all antennas to obtain corresponding continuous time transmitting signals
Figure BDA0002270089840000061
t is time, uqAnd (t) is a continuous-time orthogonal base signal.
Step 5, the continuous time transmitting signal reaches a receiving end of a base station after passing through a Gaussian white noise channel to obtain a communication receiving signal y (t); after the communication receiving signals are matched and filtered, the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signal is extractedq,q＝1,2,…,Q；
Specifically, the expression of the communication received signal y (t) is:
Figure BDA0002270089840000062
wherein, αcRepresenting the channel coefficients, and z (t) representing white gaussian noise.
After matched filtering is carried out on the communication receiving signals, information symbols carried on Q orthogonal base signals, wherein the Q is 1,2, …:
Figure BDA0002270089840000063
wherein, TpRepresenting the time width of the received signal, (.)*Denotes conjugation, zqRepresenting matched filtered noise; obtaining estimated values y of Q information symbols after matched filtering1,…,yq,…,yQ。
Step 6, adopting maximum likelihood criterion to extract information symbol yqMaking decision to obtain final information symbol
Figure BDA0002270089840000064
For the final information symbol
Figure BDA0002270089840000065
And performing M-PSK demodulation to obtain communication data transmitted by the radar communication integrated system, namely finishing the communication between the radar communication integrated system and the base station.
Specifically, the maximum likelihood criterion is adopted to calculate the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signalqCorresponding constellation point sequence numbers:
Figure BDA0002270089840000066
further obtain the symbol corresponding to the constellation point sequence number
Figure BDA0002270089840000067
Wherein, the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signalqCorresponding to a symbol
Figure BDA0002270089840000068
||·||2Representing the 2 norm of the vector.
For each final information symbol
Figure BDA0002270089840000071
And performing M-PSK demodulation to obtain communication data transmitted by the radar communication integrated system, namely finishing the communication between the radar communication integrated system and the base station.
Simulation experiment
The correctness and effectiveness of the invention are further illustrated by a point target simulation imaging experiment.
(1) Simulation conditions are as follows:
setting the number M of transmitting antennas of a MIMO radar system t10, the main lobe direction of the radar target is theta t0 °, and communication direction θnThe number of the orthogonal base signals is-50 degrees, the number of the orthogonal base signals is Q-4, and the amplitude of the communication direction signal is rho-18 dB.
(2) Simulation content:
simulation 1, simulating a beam directional diagram corresponding to the weighting vector of each orthogonal base signal by adopting the method of the invention, wherein the beams 1,2, 3 and 4 are directional diagrams formed by the weighting vectors of four orthogonal base signals in a space domain respectively, and the result is shown in figure 2; as can be seen from fig. 2, the beam patterns corresponding to the weight vectors of the orthogonal base signals designed by the method of the present invention all form a main beam in the target direction, there is a preset amplitude in the communication direction, and the information symbol is inserted into the phase of the communication direction, so that the amplitude change is not affected, and the amplitude value in the communication direction is 0.27dB higher than the peak side lobe level of the diagram.
Simulation 2, adopting the method of the invention to simulate the synthetic transmitting beam pattern of the MIMO radar, and the result is shown in figure 3; it can be seen from fig. 3 that the MIMO radar synthesized transmission beam pattern designed by the method of the present invention forms a main beam in the target direction, and simultaneously maintains an amplitude of-18 dB in the communication direction, and the peak side lobe level of the pattern is-20.05 dB, which indicates that inserting the information symbol into the phase of the communication direction does not cause the increase of the side lobe level of the transmission beam pattern of the MIMO radar, and is suitable for the radar communication integrated system in which radar detection is dominant and communication transmission function is subordinate.
Simulation 3, adopting the method of the invention to simulate the communication error code characteristic at the communication receiving end, and the result is shown in fig. 4; as can be seen from FIG. 4, the communication error rate of the information symbol insertion scheme of the radar communication integrated system designed by the method of the present invention is better than that of the traditional method, and the error rate is 10-4Compared with the traditional method, the signal-to-noise ratio of the method is improved by more than 3dB. This is mainly because the conventional method inserts information symbols into the amplitude of the communication direction, which easily causes the performance degradation of the communication error rate, and the error rate curve obtained by the BPSK method is an error rate curve under an ideal channel in the communication field and is only used for reference comparison.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. The radar communication integrated design method based on the constellation point mapping insertion information is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, giving an information symbol x to be transmitted of a radar communication integrated system, modulating the information symbol x to be transmitted by adopting M-PSK (phase shift keying), and obtaining a corresponding information symbol gamma to be inserted [ v ] v ═ v-1,…,vq,…,vQ]T；
Wherein, the element of x is 0 or 1, the length of x is Q multiplied by M, Q is the number of orthogonal base signals, and M is the number of constellation points; [. the]TRepresenting a vector transpose;
step 2, presetting the signal amplitude rho of the communication direction according to the communication distance, inserting the information symbol gamma to be inserted into the signal phase of the communication direction, and then carrying out transmitting beam optimization to obtain a weighting vector c 'of the orthogonal base signal'qQ is 1,2, …, Q, i.e. the MIMO radar transmit beam forming weight vector;
step 3, constructing an NcHadamard matrix H of order0Extracting the matrix H0As a set of discrete orthogonal basis signals u1,…uq,…,uQ；
Wherein N iscRepresenting the number of sub-pulses, u, within a radar pulseqQ is 1,2, …, Q represents H0The q-th row vector of the matrix;
step 4Forming a weight vector c 'from the transmit beam'qAnd quadrature base signal uqAnd carrying out weighted summation on the orthogonal base signals to obtain discrete transmitting signals on each antenna:
Figure FDA0002270089830000011
wherein s isp,p＝1,2,…,MtFor discrete transmission signals on the p-th antenna, MtIndicating the number of transmitting antennas;
respectively carrying out digital-to-analog conversion on discrete transmitting signals on each antenna to obtain corresponding continuous time transmitting signals
Figure FDA0002270089830000012
t is time, uq(t) is the quadrature base signal for successive times;
step 5, the continuous time transmitting signal reaches a receiving end of a base station after passing through a Gaussian white noise channel to obtain a communication receiving signal y (t); after the communication receiving signals are matched and filtered, the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signal is extractedq,q＝1,2,…,Q；
Step 6, adopting maximum likelihood criterion to extract information symbol yqMaking decision to obtain final information symbol
Figure FDA0002270089830000021
For the final information symbol
Figure FDA0002270089830000022
And performing M-PSK demodulation to obtain communication data transmitted by the radar communication integrated system, namely finishing the communication between the radar communication integrated system and the base station.
2. The integrated design method for radar communication based on constellation point mapping insertion information according to claim 1, wherein the symbol represented by the mth constellation point is v(m)＝ej2πm/M，m＝0,1,…,M-1。
3. The radar communication integrated design method based on the constellation point mapping insertion information according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of the transmit beam optimization is as follows:
firstly, an objective function of transmit beam optimization and a constraint condition thereof are given:
Figure FDA0002270089830000023
Figure FDA0002270089830000024
Cat(θc)＝ρΓ
wherein, C ═ C1,…,cq,…,cQ]HA weight matrix consisting of Q weight vectors, which is a Q x M-dimensional variable in the complex domain, cqQ is 1,2, …, Q represents the weighting vector of the Q-th orthogonal basis signal [ · Q]HRepresenting a matrix conjugate transpose, at(theta) denotes a transmit steering vector, theta denotes a spatial angle, and theta denotescIndicates the communication direction angle, at(θc) Representing a transmitting guide vector corresponding to the communication direction angle; thetamlSet of angles, Θ, representing the main lobe regionslRepresenting the angle set of the side lobe region, | ·| non-woven phosphor22 norm representing the vector, F (-) represents the sum of all vector elements;
then, the optimal solution of the objective function is solved to obtain a corresponding optimal weighting matrix C '═ C'1,…,c'q,…,c'Q]HI.e. the MIMO radar transmit beamforming weight vector.
4. The integrated design method for radar communication based on constellation point mapping insertion information according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the expression of the communication received signal y (t) is:
Figure FDA0002270089830000031
wherein, αcRepresenting channel coefficients, z (t) representing white Gaussian noise, [. cndot]HRepresenting a matrix conjugate transpose, at(θc) And the transmitting guide vector corresponding to the communication direction angle is represented.
5. The integrated design method for radar communication based on constellation point mapping insertion information according to claim 4, wherein the expression of the information symbol carried on the orthogonal base signal is as follows:
Figure FDA0002270089830000032
wherein, TpRepresenting the time width of the received signal, (.)*Denotes conjugation, zqIndicating matched filtered noise.
6. The integrated design method for radar communication based on constellation point mapping insertion information as claimed in claim 1, wherein the maximum likelihood criterion is applied to the extracted information symbols yqAnd judging, which specifically comprises the following steps: calculating the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signal by adopting maximum likelihood criterionqCorresponding constellation point sequence numbers:
Figure FDA0002270089830000033
further obtain the symbol corresponding to the constellation point sequence number
Figure FDA0002270089830000034
Wherein, the information symbol y carried on each orthogonal base signalqCorresponding to a symbol
Figure FDA0002270089830000035
||·||2Representing the 2 norm of the vector.
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CN113466796A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-10-01 电子科技大学 Radar communication integration method based on coherent phase modulation broadcast mode
CN113655475A (en) * 2021-08-16 2021-11-16 电子科技大学 Radar communication integration method based on waveform selection
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