CN110965980B - Proppant conveying experimental device and method capable of obtaining proppant particle size distribution - Google Patents
Proppant conveying experimental device and method capable of obtaining proppant particle size distribution Download PDFInfo
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- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention relates to a proppant conveying experimental device and method capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of a proppant. The device comprises a sand mixing tank 1, a screw pump 3, a simulation inlet shaft 17, a proppant conveying system 20, a particle size grading system 7, a mechanical segmentation system H, a simulation outlet shaft 9, a cyclone sand remover 28, a proppant recovery barrel 27, a liquid storage tank 29 and a liquid conveying pump 31. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a fracturing fluid, storing the fracturing fluid in a liquid storage tank, and pouring a propping agent into a sand mixing tank; starting a liquid delivery pump and a sand mixing tank to uniformly mix fracturing fluid and proppant; the sand-carrying liquid enters the simulated crack through the simulated inlet shaft and then flows into the cyclone desander through the simulated outlet shaft and the pipeline; opening a pore channel of a narrow plate at the upper part of the proppant conveying system, isolating the internal space of the simulated fracture by using a mechanical partitioning system, and acquiring the proppant particle size distribution information at different positions in the simulated fracture. The invention provides a theoretical basis for fracturing parameter design and proppant optimization, and has wide application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of research on a proppant laying rule in a hydraulic fracturing process, in particular to a proppant conveying experimental device and method capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of a proppant.
Background
With the continuous reduction of the reserves of conventional oil and gas resources, people begin to shift the center of gravity to the development of unconventional oil and gas resources, and unconventional oil and gas refers to oil and gas resources which cannot obtain natural industrial yield by using the traditional technology and can be economically exploited by using a new technology to improve the permeability or fluid viscosity of a reservoir and the like. At present, hydraulic fracturing is the most effective method for improving the recovery efficiency of oil reservoirs, during the hydraulic fracturing, a large amount of fracturing fluid is injected into a well at a high enough speed to fracture a target stratum to form an artificial fracture, when a fracture with a certain size is formed, a solid propping agent (such as sand grains or ceramic particles) is injected into the fracture together with fluid, once pumping is stopped, under the action of ground stress, the fluid pressure is reduced, the fracture is closed, the propping agent is retained between the fractures to prevent the fracture from being completely closed, a high-conductivity flow channel from the stratum to the well hole is provided, and the final laying form of the propping agent in the fracture plays a key role in the conductivity and the yield-increasing effect of the fracture, so that the laying of the propping agent in the fracture is greatly researched.
In the hydraulic fracturing process, the grain sizes of commonly used proppants are 20-40 meshes, 30-50 meshes, 40-70 meshes, 70-100 meshes and the like, the migration and the laying of the proppants can be influenced by various factors such as the property of fracturing fluid, the property of the proppants, the injection discharge capacity, the concentration of the proppants, the temperature, the pressure and the like, and a visual confining pressure state propping agent settling rule dynamic simulation device (CN 206071559U) is applied to realize the research on the settling and laying rule of the propping agents in a fracture plate in a loading confining pressure state by adding a confining pressure unit at the outer side of the fracture plate for propping agent conveying. The patent application "an experimental apparatus for transporting proppant in fracturing fluid under high temperature condition" (CN 206074398U) places real rock plate slots in a core holder, and simulates the condition of transporting proppant under the influence of temperature by adding a temperature control system to the core holder, but the apparatus can not realize the visual function. The patent application "hydraulic fracture network proppant laying rule visualization device under simulated formation temperature" (CN 206129257U) realizes the implantation of temperature conditions by arranging heat-resistant silica gel between two glass plates simulating fracture wall surfaces. The patent application ' an experimental device for simulating the proppant conveying in a volume fracturing split type seam ' (CN 206368700U) ' a visual dynamic seam width changing proppant sanding simulation device ' (CN 206903650U) ' realizes the proppant conveying simulation under the condition of seam width changing under single fracture; the patent applications "a proppant migration large-size multi-fracture simulation device and method" (CN 104564048A), "a rotatable fracture angle proppant conveying experimental device" (CN 206668241U) and the like can realize the rotation of the angle of the branch fracture. The method or the device enriches the functions of the device only from the aspects of pressure, temperature, variable joint width, variable joint angle and the like, the particle size distribution of the proppant in the fracture is taken as a key factor influencing the final yield increase effect, and no device takes the factor into consideration at present, and the patent applications of 'quick evaluation device and application method for the particle size of fracturing proppant' (CN 109490155A) and 'method for researching the fractal particle size of multistage fracturing proppant and characteristic parameters of rock mass fracture' (CN 102749437A) both propose a device for obtaining the particle size distribution information of the proppant by utilizing particle screen separation, but do not use the device to obtain the particle size distribution information in the migration and placement result of the proppant. In view of the above, it is very necessary to design a proppant conveying experimental device capable of acquiring the particle size distribution of the proppant, and the device can meet the visualization requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a proppant conveying experimental device capable of acquiring the particle size distribution of a proppant, which can simulate the proppant conveying process in hydraulic fracturing measures, not only can realize the functions of visualization, pressure bearing and the like of the conventional device, but also can accurately acquire the particle size distribution information of the proppant laid in a crack.
The invention also aims to provide a method for acquiring the particle size distribution of the propping agent in the propping agent conveying process by using the device, the method has reliable principle and simple and convenient operation, further researches the propping agent conveying rule by acquiring the particle size distribution information of the propping agent laid in the cracks, provides a theoretical basis for fracturing parameter design and propping agent optimization, and has wide market application prospect.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a can obtain proppant transport experimental apparatus of proppant particle size distribution, the device includes sand mixing tank, screw pump, flowmeter, pressure gauge, simulation entry pit shaft, proppant conveying system, simulation export pit shaft, whirl desander, proppant recycling bin, liquid storage pot, collection liquid jar, liquid delivery pump, particle size grading system, machinery cut apart the system.
The sand mixing tank is connected with the liquid delivery pump at the left end and the screw pump at the right end, and a stop valve is arranged between the sand mixing tank and the screw pump. The screw pump is connected with the simulated inlet shaft, and an adjusting valve, a flow meter, a stop valve and a pressure meter are arranged between the screw pump and the inlet shaft from left to right. The left end of the proppant conveying system is communicated with the simulation inlet shaft, the right end of the proppant conveying system is communicated with the simulation outlet shaft, and plug valves are arranged at the lower end of the simulation inlet shaft and the upper end and the lower end of the simulation outlet shaft. The left end of the cyclone desander is connected with the liquid storage tank, the right end of the cyclone desander is connected with the simulation outlet shaft, the lower end of the cyclone desander is connected with the proppant recovery barrel, and a stop valve, a pressure gauge and an adjusting valve are arranged between the cyclone desander and the simulation outlet shaft. The particle size grading system is arranged at the lower end of the proppant conveying system and is connected with the liquid collecting tank through a regulating valve.
The proppant conveying system comprises a front metal frame, a rear metal frame, a front visual crack plate, a rear visual crack plate, an upper narrow plate, a lower narrow plate, a bolt and a nut. The upper narrow plate and the lower narrow plate are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the front and the back visual crack plates, the front and the back metal frames are arranged outside the front and the back visual crack plates, all the parts are fastened and connected through bolts and nuts to form simulated cracks, and the upper end and the lower end of the front and the back visual crack plates are provided with sealing strips, so that the sealing performance of the device can be ensured. The upper narrow plate is provided with 3 pore channels, the lower narrow plate is provided with 6 pore channels, threads are arranged in the wall surfaces of all the pore channels, and the pore channels can be completely sealed by screwing bolts.
The particle size grading system comprises three groups of screen drums, each group of screen drums is provided with a first-stage vibrating screen, a second-stage vibrating screen, a third-stage vibrating screen and a fourth-stage vibrating screen, the mesh number of each stage vibrating screen is gradually increased from top to bottom, the mesh number of each stage vibrating screen is determined by the mesh number of a propping agent used in an experiment, the position of each stage vibrating screen is located at the lower part of the propping agent conveying system, and the narrow plate pore channel at the lower part is right opposite to. The vibrating screen cylinder can be connected in a sleeved and combined manner from top to bottom.
The mechanical cutting system comprises a rotary grab handle, a steel rod, a bolt, a nut, a bracket, a fixed valve and a cutting sheet. The upper end of the steel rod is connected with the rotary grab handle, and the lower end of the steel rod is connected with the bolt; the lower end of the bolt is connected with a partition sheet which is made of light and thin steel material; the nut is fixed on the bracket, the bolt is matched with the nut, the nut is sleeved on the bolt, and the up-and-down free adjustment of the partition sheet can be realized by rotating the bolt; the bottom ends of the four support legs of the support are connected with fixed valves, and the support can be fixed on a metal frame of the proppant conveying system by screwing the fixed valves.
The stop valve is used for blocking liquid from flowing into the next unit; the regulating valve has the functions of blocking liquid and regulating the flow of the liquid; the plug valve can be freely disassembled and assembled through rotation. The flowmeter is an electromagnetic flowmeter and is used for measuring the flow in the pipeline. The pressure gauge is used for measuring the pressure.
And 3 circular flow channels are arranged at one ends of the connecting cracks in the simulated inlet shaft and the simulated outlet shaft.
The inside auger that is equipped with of sand mixing tank, the rotational speed that utilizes the motor to change the auger can accurate realization sand volume carry the speed.
The width of the dividing sheet is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the upper narrow plate pore canal.
The method for acquiring the particle size distribution of the proppant in the proppant conveying process by using the device sequentially comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing fracturing fluid used for experiments, storing the fracturing fluid in a liquid storage tank, and pouring propping agent used for the experiments into a sand mixing tank;
(2) starting a liquid delivery pump and a sand mixing tank to uniformly mix fracturing fluid and proppant;
(3) starting a screw pump, adjusting the flow to a target flow, starting a cyclone desander, enabling a sand-carrying liquid to enter a simulated crack through a simulated inlet shaft, enabling the sand-carrying liquid to flow into the cyclone desander through a simulated outlet shaft and a pipeline, shooting an experimental process, and recording the change condition of pressure along with time; closing the screw pump, the sand mixing tank, the liquid delivery pump and the cyclone desander;
(4) the pore channel of the upper narrow plate of the proppant conveying system is opened by screwing the bolt, the internal space of the simulated fracture is isolated by utilizing a mechanical segmentation system, and the proppant particle size distribution information at different positions in the simulated fracture is obtained, wherein the process is as follows: the partition pieces are inserted into the first pore channel of the upper narrow plate in the direction vertical to the width of the seam, the rotary grab handle is rotated to enable the partition pieces to descend until the partition pieces reach the lower narrow plate, the first channel of the lower narrow plate is opened, the sand-carrying liquid flows into the first group of vibrating screen cylinders of the particle size grading system from the simulated crack, and the particle size propping agents at all levels are effectively separated through vibrating screen meshes at all levels; and then opening the second pore channel of the upper narrow plate, the second channel of the lower narrow plate, the third pore channel of the upper narrow plate and the third channel of the lower narrow plate in sequence, and repeating the steps to obtain the particle size distribution information of the propping agent at the front part, the middle part and the rear part in the simulated fracture.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device can obtain the particle size distribution information of the propping agent at different positions in the simulated fracture, can realize visualization, overcomes the defect that the particle size distribution of the propping agent cannot be tested in the prior art, and provides powerful guidance and theoretical basis for further researching and determining the conveying rule of the propping agent and finely designing fracturing parameters.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a proppant transport experimental apparatus capable of obtaining proppant particle size distribution.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a particle size classification system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a mechanical singulation system.
In the figure: 1-a sand mixing tank; 2. 16, 26, 30-stop valves; 3-a screw pump; 4-a flow meter; 5-liquid collection tank; 6. 10, 15-regulating valve; 7-a particle size classification system; 8. 14, 23-stopcock; 9-simulating an outlet shaft; 17-simulating an entry wellbore; 18. 24-a pressure gauge; 20-a proppant delivery system; 25-a pipeline; 27-proppant recovery drum; 28-cyclone desander; 29-a liquid storage tank; 31-a liquid delivery pump; s1-upper and lower narrow plates; s2-front and rear metal frames; s3-front and back visual crack plates; s4-fixing bolts; 19. 21, 22-portholes of upper narrow plate; 11. 12, 13-passage of lower narrow plate; k1, K2, K3, K4-a, two, three and four-stage vibrating screen; k5-vibrating screen cylinder; h-mechanical segmentation system; h1-rotating handle; h2-steel rod; h3-bolt; h4-nut; h5-scaffold; h6-standing valve; h7-cut pieces.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in detail below with reference to the drawings.
See fig. 1.
A proppant conveying experimental device capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of a proppant comprises a sand mixing tank 1, a screw pump 3, a simulation inlet shaft 17, a proppant conveying system 20, a particle size grading system 7, a mechanical segmentation system H, a simulation outlet shaft 9, a cyclone sand remover 28, a proppant recovery barrel 27, a liquid storage tank 29 and a liquid conveying pump 31.
The sand mixing tank 1 is connected with a simulation inlet shaft 17 through a stop valve 2 and a screw pump 3, and a pipeline between the screw pump and the simulation inlet shaft is sequentially provided with an adjusting valve 15, a flowmeter 4, a stop valve 16 and a pressure gauge 18; the proppant conveying system 20 is positioned between and communicated with the simulation inlet shaft and the simulation outlet shaft 9, the simulation outlet shaft is connected with a cyclone desander 28 through a pipeline 25, and the pipeline is provided with a regulating valve 10, a pressure gauge 24 and a stop valve 26; the cyclone desander 28 is respectively connected with a proppant recovery barrel 27 and a liquid storage tank 29, the liquid storage tank is connected with a liquid delivery pump 31 through a stop valve 30, and the liquid delivery pump is connected with a sand mixing tank.
The proppant conveying system 20 comprises upper and lower narrow plates S1, front and rear metal frames S2, front and rear visible crack plates S3 and fixing bolts S4, wherein the upper and lower narrow plates S1 are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the front and rear visible crack plates S3 and are combined to form a hollow rectangular body, and the front and rear metal frames S2 fasten the hollow rectangular body through the fixing bolts S4 to form a simulated crack; the upper narrow plate is provided with three pore channels 19, 21 and 22 respectively corresponding to three groups of channels 13, 12 and 11 of the lower narrow plate, each group of channels comprises 2 pore channels, all the pore channels are internally provided with threads, and the pore channels can be sealed by screwing bolts.
See fig. 1, 2.
Particle size grading system 7 is just to proppant conveying system lower part position (through governing valve 6 connection collection liquid jar 5), and this particle size grading system includes three group's reciprocating sieve section of thick bamboo K5, and every group reciprocating sieve section of thick bamboo includes one, two, three, level four reciprocating sieve screen K1, K2, K3, K4, and every group passageway of proppant conveying system lower part narrow plate corresponds to the one-level reciprocating sieve screen of every group reciprocating sieve section of thick bamboo respectively.
See fig. 3.
The mechanical segmentation system H is positioned at the upper part of the proppant conveying system and comprises a rotary grab handle H1, a steel rod H2, a bolt H3, a nut H4, a support H5, a fixed valve H6 and a segmentation sheet H7, one end of the steel rod H2 is connected with the rotary grab handle H1, the other end of the steel rod H2 is connected with the bolt H3, the lower end of the bolt is connected with the segmentation sheet H7, the bolt is matched with the nut H4, the nut is fixed on the support H5, the support is fixed on front and rear metal frames of the proppant conveying system through the fixed valves H6 of four support legs, and the upper and lower positions of the segmentation sheet H7 in the simulated cracks can be freely adjusted by rotating the.
The simulation inlet shaft 17 and the simulation outlet shaft 9 are fixedly communicated with a proppant conveying system through bolt and nut assemblies, and rubber pads are arranged at the joints of the simulation inlet shaft 17 and the simulation outlet shaft for sealing, so that liquid cannot flow out.
Simulation entry pit shaft lower extreme is equipped with plug valve 14, and simulation export pit shaft upper end, lower extreme are equipped with plug valve 23, 8 respectively, and lower extreme plug valve 14 and plug valve 8 are used for clearing up the pit shaft sand setting, and upper end plug valve 23 is used for discharging the inside air of simulation crack.
The flow meter 4 is used for monitoring the flow rate of the sand-carrying fluid entering the simulation inlet shaft, and the pressure gauges 18 and 24 are respectively used for monitoring the pressure change of the sand-carrying fluid flowing into the simulation inlet shaft and flowing out of the simulation outlet shaft.
Each group of vibrating screen cylinder comprises a first, a second, a third and a fourth vibrating screen K1, K2, K3 and K4, the meshes of the vibrating screens at all levels are sequentially sequenced from small to large, and the meshes of the vibrating screens are determined by the meshes of the propping agents used in the experiment.
The width of the upper and lower narrow plates S1 is consistent with the experimentally set simulated crack width.
The width of the dividing piece H7 is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the pore canal of the upper narrow plate.
3 flow passages are respectively arranged between the simulation inlet shaft 17, the simulation outlet shaft 9 and the front and rear visual crack plates S3.
The experimental method for acquiring the particle size distribution of the proppant in the proppant conveying process by using the device sequentially comprises the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: storing clear water into a liquid storage tank 29, opening stop valves 30, 2, 16 and 26, opening regulating valves 15 and 10, opening a liquid delivery pump, circulating the clear water in the whole system, and observing whether liquid leaks from each part of the system;
step two: replacing clear water in a liquid storage tank 29 with the experimental liquid, closing stop valves 30, 2, 16 and 26, closing regulating valves 15 and 10, pouring the experimental proppant into the sand mixing tank 1, opening the stop valve 30, adjusting the visual field of the camera to the area needing observation, and starting a liquid delivery pump 31;
step three: opening the sand mixing tank 1, setting the rotating speed, and opening the stop valve 2 after the liquid and the propping agent are uniformly mixed;
step four: opening the screw pump 3, rotating the regulating valve 15 to observe the flow meter 4 to a set flow, starting a camera switch, opening the stop valves 30, 26 and 16, opening the regulating valve 10, opening the cyclone desander 28, allowing the sand-carrying liquid to enter a crack system, shooting an experimental process, recording the changes of the pressure gauges 18 and 24 along with time, and then closing the screw pump 3, the sand mixing tank 1, the liquid delivery pump 31 and the cyclone desander 28;
step five: opening a pore channel 19 of an upper narrow plate of a propping agent conveying system 20, fixing a bracket H5 of a mechanical dividing system H on a front metal frame S2 and a rear metal frame S2, inserting a dividing sheet H7 into the pore channel of the upper narrow plate in a direction vertical to the width of a slit, rotating a rotary grab handle H1 to enable the dividing sheet H7 to descend until reaching the lower narrow plate, opening a channel 13 of the lower narrow plate, enabling propping agents to flow into a first-stage vibrating screen of a particle size grading system 7 from a simulated slit, and starting vibrating screens K1-K4 motors to realize effective separation of all stages of particle size propping agents. Repeating the steps, and opening the pore canal 21 of the upper narrow plate, the channel 12 of the lower narrow plate, the pore canal 22 of the upper narrow plate and the channel 11 of the lower narrow plate in sequence, so that the propping agents at the front part, the middle part and the rear part in the simulated fracture are collected in each group of vibrating screen cylinders K5 of the particle size grading system 7;
step six: and weighing the mass of the propping agent in the screen cylinder at each position of the particle size grading system, and finally obtaining the propping agent particle size distribution information at different positions in the simulated fracture.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A proppant conveying experimental device capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of a proppant consists of a sand mixing tank (1), a screw pump (3), a simulation inlet shaft (17), a proppant conveying system (20), a particle size grading system (7), a mechanical partitioning system (H), a simulation outlet shaft (9), a cyclone sand remover (28), a proppant recovery barrel (27), a liquid storage tank (29), a liquid conveying pump (31), a pipeline, an adjusting valve, a flowmeter and a pressure gauge, and is characterized in that the sand mixing tank (1) is connected with the simulation inlet shaft (17) through the screw pump (3), and the pipeline between the screw pump and the simulation inlet shaft is sequentially provided with the adjusting valve, the flowmeter and the pressure gauge; the proppant conveying system (20) is positioned between and communicated with the simulation inlet shaft and the simulation outlet shaft (9), the simulation outlet shaft is connected with the cyclone sand remover (28) through a pipeline (25), and a regulating valve and a pressure gauge are also arranged on the pipeline positioned between the simulation outlet shaft and the cyclone sand remover; the cyclone desander is respectively connected with a proppant recovery barrel (27) and a liquid storage tank (29), the liquid storage tank is connected with a liquid delivery pump (31), and the liquid delivery pump is connected with a sand mixing tank; the proppant conveying system comprises an upper narrow plate and a lower narrow plate (S1), a front metal frame and a rear metal frame (S2), a front visual crack plate and a rear visual crack plate (S3) and a fixing bolt (S4), wherein the upper narrow plate and the lower narrow plate are respectively arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the front visual crack plate and the rear visual crack plate to form a hollow rectangular body in a combined mode, and the front metal frame and the rear metal frame are used for fastening the hollow rectangular body through the fixing bolt to form a simulated crack; the upper narrow plate of the upper and lower narrow plates (S1) is provided with three pore channels (19, 21, 22) which respectively correspond to three groups of channels (13, 12, 11) of the lower narrow plate of the upper and lower narrow plates (S1), each group of channels comprises 2 pore channels, all the pore channels are internally provided with threads and can be sealed by screwing bolts; the particle size grading system (7) is over against the lower position of the proppant conveying system and comprises three groups of vibrating screen drums (K5), each group of vibrating screen drum comprises a first-stage vibrating screen, a second-stage vibrating screen, a third-stage vibrating screen and a fourth-stage vibrating screen (K1, K2, K3 and K4), and each group of channels of a narrow plate at the lower part of the proppant conveying system respectively correspond to the first-stage vibrating screen of each group of vibrating screen drums; the mechanical segmentation system (H) is positioned on the upper portion of the proppant conveying system and comprises a rotary grab handle (H1), a steel rod (H2), a bolt (H3), a nut (H4), a support (H5), a fixed valve (H6) and a segmentation sheet (H7), wherein one end of the steel rod is connected with the rotary grab handle, the other end of the steel rod is connected with the bolt, the segmentation sheet is connected with the lower end of the bolt, the bolt is matched with the nut, the nut is fixed on the support, the support is fixed on front and rear metal frames of the proppant conveying system through the fixed valves of four support legs, and the up-down position of the segmentation sheet in a simulated crack can be freely adjusted by.
2. The experimental apparatus for proppant transportation capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of proppant as set forth in claim 1, wherein a plug valve is provided at the lower end of said simulated inlet shaft, plug valves are provided at the upper and lower ends of said simulated outlet shaft, respectively, the lower plug valve is used for cleaning sand in the shaft, and the upper plug valve is used for exhausting air inside the simulated fracture.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the flow meter is configured to monitor the flow rate of the sand-carrying fluid into the simulated entry wellbore, and the pressure gauge is configured to monitor the pressure change of the sand-carrying fluid flowing into the simulated entry wellbore and out of the simulated exit wellbore.
4. The experimental apparatus for proppant transport capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of proppant as set forth in claim 1, wherein each group of vibrating screen drums comprises a first, a second, a third and a fourth vibrating screen, the mesh number of each vibrating screen is sequentially ordered from small to large, and the mesh number of each vibrating screen is determined by the mesh number of the experimental proppant.
5. The experimental apparatus for proppant transport capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of proppant as set forth in claim 1, wherein the widths of said upper and lower narrow plates are in accordance with the width of the simulated fracture of the experimental setup.
6. The experimental apparatus for proppant transport capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of proppant as set forth in claim 1, wherein the width of said dividing piece is equal to or slightly smaller than the diameter of the pore canal of the upper narrow plate.
7. The experimental apparatus for proppant transport capable of obtaining the particle size distribution of proppant as set forth in claim 1, wherein there are 3 flow channels between said simulated entrance wellbore, said simulated exit wellbore and said front and back visual fracture plates.
8. A method of obtaining a proppant particle size distribution during proppant delivery using the apparatus of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, comprising the steps of, in order:
(1) preparing a fracturing fluid, storing the fracturing fluid in a liquid storage tank, and pouring a propping agent into a sand mixing tank;
(2) starting a liquid delivery pump and a sand mixing tank to uniformly mix fracturing fluid and proppant;
(3) starting a screw pump, adjusting the flow to a target flow, starting a cyclone desander, enabling a sand-carrying liquid to enter a simulated crack through a simulated inlet shaft, enabling the sand-carrying liquid to flow into the cyclone desander through a simulated outlet shaft and a pipeline, and recording the change condition of pressure along with time; closing the screw pump, the sand mixing tank, the liquid delivery pump and the cyclone desander;
(4) the pore channel of the upper narrow plate of the proppant conveying system is opened by screwing the bolt, the internal space of the simulated fracture is isolated by utilizing a mechanical segmentation system, and the proppant particle size distribution information at different positions in the simulated fracture is obtained, wherein the process is as follows: the partition pieces are inserted into the first pore channel of the upper narrow plate in the direction vertical to the width of the seam, the rotary grab handle is rotated to enable the partition pieces to descend until the partition pieces reach the lower narrow plate, the first channel of the lower narrow plate is opened, the sand-carrying liquid flows into the first group of vibrating screen cylinders of the particle size grading system from the simulated crack, and the particle size propping agents at all levels are effectively separated through vibrating screen meshes at all levels; and repeating the operation according to the mode of opening the first pore channel and the first channel to realize effective separation, sequentially opening the second pore channel of the upper narrow plate and the second channel of the lower narrow plate, and then sequentially opening the third pore channel of the upper narrow plate and the third channel of the lower narrow plate, thereby acquiring the particle size distribution information of the propping agent at the front part, the middle part and the rear part in the simulated fracture.
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| CN112647922B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-03-14 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Multi-scale sand laying experimental device for simulating perforation-micro crack in reservoir reconstruction |
| CN114061660A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-18 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental device and method for simulating horizontal well multi-cluster double-wing hydraulic fracture proppant conveying |
| CN114320261B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2023-03-14 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Migration simulation method of proppant in fracturing under true triaxial condition |
| CN115758851B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-01-05 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Method for selecting multi-scale propping agent for natural fracture-containing stratum fracture |
| CN116988775B (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-01-09 | 中海油能源发展股份有限公司采油服务分公司 | Solid, liquid and gas three-phase metering skid-mounted device and metering method for well site of gas well |
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