CN110965345A - Preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene filter material - Google Patents

Preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene filter material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110965345A
CN110965345A CN201911296020.7A CN201911296020A CN110965345A CN 110965345 A CN110965345 A CN 110965345A CN 201911296020 A CN201911296020 A CN 201911296020A CN 110965345 A CN110965345 A CN 110965345A
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China
Prior art keywords
polytetrafluoroethylene
filter material
parts
fibers
minutes
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CN201911296020.7A
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滕国文
张蕊
王研
陈秀玲
盖永江
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Shanghai Kegesi Filter Materials Co ltd
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Shanghai Kegesi Filter Materials Co ltd
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Priority to CN201911296020.7A priority Critical patent/CN110965345A/en
Publication of CN110965345A publication Critical patent/CN110965345A/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/04—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06N3/047—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds with fluoropolymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
    • D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
    • D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/10—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
    • D06N3/0011—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using non-woven fabrics
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    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
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    • D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
    • D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
    • D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
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    • D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
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    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/30—Filters

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  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material, belonging to the technical field of filter materials, and the technical key points of the preparation method comprise the following steps: preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material; adding the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid into asbestos fibers, heating to a molten state, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain modified asbestos fibers; opening the modified asbestos fibers and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, carding the asbestos fibers and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers into a net, and reinforcing the carded thin net by needling to obtain a primary filter cloth felt; and (5) uniformly coating the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material on the primary filter cloth felt obtained in the step six, and carrying out hot rolling treatment by a hot rolling mill. After hot rolling, the steel is heated and baked for 15 to 20 minutes at the temperature of 100-130 ℃, and then heated and baked for 10 to 15 minutes at the temperature of 180-200 ℃. The invention reduces the occurrence of cold flow phenomenon, and improves the whole ductility and creep resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material, thereby enabling the processing of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material to be more convenient and faster.

Description

Preparation method of polytetrafluoroethylene filter material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of filter materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material.
Background
PTFE is a highly crystalline polymer of Tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) monomer, a white waxy-feeling thermoplastic. In PTFE, fluorine atoms replace hydrogen atoms in polyethylene, and since the fluorine atom radius (0.064nm) is greater than the hydrogen atom radius (0.028nm), the carbon-carbon chain is gradually twisted from a flat, fully extended, tortuous conformation of polyethylene to a helical conformation of PTFE. The spiral conformation just surrounds the carbon chain skeleton of PTFE which is easy to be attacked by chemicals to form a compact complete 'fluoro' protective layer, so that the main chain of the polymer is not attacked by any outside reagent, and the PTFE has solvent resistance and chemical stability which are incomparable with other materials, and low cohesive energy and density; meanwhile, the carbon-fluorine bond is extremely firm, the bond energy is 460.2kJ/mol, which is far higher than that of a carbon-hydrogen bond (410kJ/mol) and a carbon-carbon bond (372kJ/mol), so that the PTFE has better thermal stability and chemical inertness; in addition, the electronegativity of fluorine atoms is extremely high, and the TFE monomers have perfect symmetry, so that the attractive force and the surface energy among PTFE molecules are low, the PTFE has extremely low surface friction coefficient and good ductility at low temperature, the creep resistance of the PTFE is poor, and the cold flow phenomenon is easy to occur; the unbranched symmetric backbone of PTFE, and the chain structure also make it highly crystalline, making processing of PTFE difficult.
Chinese patent application publication No. CN 101869789A discloses a teflon film-coated filter material, which comprises uniformly distributing a prepared teflon coating agent in a produced filter material primary felt, so that each fiber is impregnated with molecular emulsion teflon, baking and sintering are performed, the teflon forms a film on each fiber, the prepared teflon coating agent is uniformly coated on the surface of the filter material, and the teflon begins to form a film on the surface of the filter material through baking and sintering.
However, when the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material is coated, the polytetrafluoroethylene is the main component in the adopted polytetrafluoroethylene coating agent, and the polytetrafluoroethylene has poor creep resistance in processing, is easy to generate cold flow phenomenon, and has poor ductility, so a new technical scheme needs to be provided to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material, which reduces the occurrence of cold flow phenomenon, and improves the overall ductility and creep resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is more convenient and quicker to process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material comprises the following operation steps:
step one, preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material: adding a filler, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE micro powder and a surface active additive into the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing;
step two, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid into asbestos fibers, heating to a molten state, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain modified asbestos fibers;
step three, opening and scotching the modified asbestos fiber and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber;
step four, carding to form a net;
step five, lapping treatment is carried out after carding, the carded thin net is reciprocated through a vertical clamping curtain and is lapped into a net in a cross mode, and the gram weight of each layer of thin net is 100-150 g/m2；
Step six, needling reinforcement, namely needling reinforcement treatment is carried out on the net obtained in the step five, and the needling density is 80-100 punches/cm2Obtaining a filter cloth primary felt;
step seven, uniformly coating the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material obtained in the step one in the filter cloth primary felt obtained in the step six, so that each fiber is impregnated with the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material for 2-3 times;
step eight, carrying out hot rolling treatment by a hot rolling mill, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 200-;
ninth, after hot rolling, the steel is heated and baked for 15-20 minutes at the temperature of 100-130 ℃, and then heated and baked for 10-15 minutes at the temperature of 180-200 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material is prepared, the creep degree can be reduced by adding the filler; by adding the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, the original chemical stability and ageing resistance can be kept, and meanwhile, the toughness, porosity and air permeability of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material are further improved. In addition, the added PTFE micropowder not only maintains the original excellent performance of the polytetrafluoroethylene, but also has a plurality of unique performances: such as no self-coagulation, no electrostatic effect, good intermiscibility, low molecular weight, good dispersibility, high self-lubricity, obvious reduction of friction coefficient and the like. Then, in the process of mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, the filler, the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene and the PTFE micro powder, the surface active auxiliary agent is added, so that the overall mixing uniformity can be effectively improved, and the effective mixing of all the components is facilitated. By adding the filler, the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, the PTFE micropowder and the surface active auxiliary agent into the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid for compounding, the occurrence of cold flow phenomenon is reduced, and the overall ductility and creep resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material are improved, so that the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is more convenient and quicker to process.
Further, the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, 10-15 parts of filler, 10-20 parts of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, 10-20 parts of PTFE micro powder and 5-8 parts of surface active additive.
By optimizing the proportion of the raw materials in the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, the overall ductility and creep resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material are improved, the consumption of each component is saved, and the cost is reduced.
Further, the preparation method of the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber comprises the following operation steps:
s1, batching: adding 59-61 parts of polyethylene resin and 5.5-0.5 part of nonionic surfactant into 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid according to parts by weight; adjusting pH to 7-10 and viscosity to 0.01-0.015 Pa.s, mixing and stirring until the maturity of the viscose is 6-8 to obtain the viscose;
s2, adding 75-82 parts of pure water into a clean container, then adding 10-12 parts of sodium sulfate and 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, then heating and stirring until the sodium sulfate and the zinc sulfate are completely dissolved, cooling, then adding 5-7 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solidification solution;
s3, mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose, pumping the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose into a spinning nozzle through a filter by using a metering pump, placing the spinning nozzle in a solidification solution, solidifying the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose in the solidification solution into polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, leaching the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using pure water at 90-96 ℃ through a leaching roller, and then passing through an oiling roller (No. 2 oil polyamide oil), a drying roller (the surface temperature is 150-.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the polyethylene resin are adopted as raw materials, and the prepared modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber has good strong alkali resistance and corrosion resistance.
Further, an inorganic filler is added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide and alkali-free glass fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the graphite can be used independently or together with the alkali-free glass fiber, and the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material filled with the graphite has good chemical resistance, compression creep property and better thermal conductivity. And the molybdenum disulfide can improve the lubricity of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material and reduce the friction effect among molecules of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material. Meanwhile, the alkali-free glass fiber can improve the hardness of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the creep resistance and the cold flow resistance are improved to a greater extent.
Furthermore, the filling amount of the alkali-free glass fiber is 15-25%, and the length-diameter ratio is 5-10.
Further, the filling amount of the alkali-free glass fiber is optimally 20%, and the length-diameter ratio is 8.
By adopting the technical scheme, the alkali-free glass fiber can improve the hardness of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, the general hardness can be improved by 10 percent, the wear resistance can be increased by more than 500 times, and the creep resistance and the cold flow resistance are improved to a greater extent.
Further, in the step one, the added filler is firstly pretreated, and the pretreatment is specifically carried out by adding the surfactant into the filler, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes.
By adopting the technical scheme, the filler is firstly pretreated, and the pretreated filler can obtain the best compatibility and surface effect, so that the filler can be better mixed with components such as polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the like in the later period, and the mixing uniformity among multiple components is improved.
Further, the surfactant is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, stearic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose.
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, the stearic acid and the carboxymethyl cellulose are all commonly used surfactants, and the compatibility and the surface effect of the filler can be improved by adding any one of the surfactants.
Further, the surface active auxiliary agent added in the step one is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60-80 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10-15 minutes.
Further, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is (0.2-1): 1.
by adopting the technical scheme, the surface activity of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material can be improved after the sodium hydroxide and the dipropenyl melamine are added and the heating treatment is carried out for a certain time, so that the mixing uniformity among the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersing agent, the filling agent, the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, the PTFE micro powder and the surface active auxiliary agent can be effectively improved.
In conclusion, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention reduces the occurrence of cold flow phenomenon, and improves the whole ductility and creep resistance of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material, thereby enabling the processing of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material to be more convenient and faster;
2. preferably, the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the polyethylene resin are used as raw materials to prepare the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber, and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber has good strong alkali resistance and corrosion resistance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
First, preparation example
Preparation example 1: a method for manufacturing modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers comprises the following operation steps:
s1, batching: according to the parts by weight, 59 parts of polyethylene resin and 5.5 parts of nonionic surfactant (fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, representative AEO9) are added into 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid; adjusting pH to 7 and viscosity to 0.01 Pa.s, mixing and stirring until the maturity of the viscose is 6 to obtain the viscose.
S2, adding 75 parts of pure water, 10 parts of sodium sulfate and 2 parts of zinc sulfate into a clean container, heating and stirring until the sodium sulfate and the zinc sulfate are completely dissolved, cooling, adding 5 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solidification solution.
S3, mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose, pumping the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose into a spinning nozzle through a filter by using a metering pump, placing the spinning nozzle in a coagulating liquid, coagulating the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose in the coagulating liquid into polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, leaching the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using a leaching roller, leaching pure water at 90 ℃, passing through an oiling roller (No. 2 polyamide oil), drying the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using a drying roller (the surface temperature is 150 ℃) in a sintering furnace (the temperature is 400 ℃, the speed is 1 meter per minute), and thermally stretching the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers again in the sintering process to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
Preparation example 2: a method for manufacturing modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers comprises the following operation steps:
s1, batching: according to the parts by weight, 60 parts of polyethylene resin and 3 parts of nonionic surfactant (fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, representative of AEO9) are added into 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid; adjusting pH to 8.5 and viscosity to 0.012 Pa.s, mixing and stirring until the maturity of the viscose is 7 to obtain the viscose.
S2, adding 80 parts of pure water, 11 parts of sodium sulfate and 2.5 parts of zinc sulfate into a clean container, heating and stirring until the sodium sulfate and the zinc sulfate are completely dissolved, cooling, adding 6 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solidification solution.
S3, mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose, pumping the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose into a spinning nozzle through a filter by using a metering pump, placing the spinning nozzle in a coagulating liquid, coagulating the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose in the coagulating liquid into polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, leaching the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using a leaching roller, leaching pure water at 93 ℃, passing through an oiling roller (No. 2 polyamide oil), drying the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using a drying roller (the surface temperature is 180 ℃) in a sintering furnace (the temperature is 420 ℃, the speed is 1.2 meters per minute), and thermally stretching the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers again in the sintering process to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
Preparation example 3: a method for manufacturing modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers comprises the following operation steps:
s1, batching: to 100 parts by weight of a polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion, 61 parts by weight of a polyethylene resin and 0.5 part by weight of a nonionic surfactant (ethylene oxide propylene oxide block polyether: representative L97) were added; adjusting pH to 10 and viscosity to 0.015 Pa.s, mixing and stirring until the maturity of the viscose is 8 to obtain the viscose.
S2, adding 82 parts of pure water, 12 parts of sodium sulfate and 3 parts of zinc sulfate into a clean container, heating and stirring until the sodium sulfate and the zinc sulfate are completely dissolved, cooling, adding 7 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solidification solution.
S3, mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose, pumping the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose into a spinning nozzle through a filter by using a metering pump, placing the spinning nozzle into a solidification solution, solidifying the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose in the solidification solution into polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, then carrying out rinsing on the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using a rinsing roller, rinsing the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using pure water at 96 ℃, then carrying out oiling by using a oiling roller (No. 2 polyamide oil), drying by using a drying roller (the surface temperature is 200 ℃) in a sintering furnace (the temperature is 450 ℃, the speed is 1.5 meters per minute), and carrying out thermal stretching on the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers again in the sintering process to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
Second, example
Example 1: a preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material comprises the following operation steps:
step one, preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material: adding 10 parts of filler, 10 parts of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, 10 parts of PTFE micro powder and 5 parts of surface active additive into 50 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
and step two, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid into the asbestos fiber, heating to a molten state, mixing and stirring for 10 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
And step three, opening and scotching the modified asbestos fibers and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (preparation example 1).
And step four, carding to form a net.
Step five, lapping after carding, enabling the carded thin net to swing back and forth through a vertical clamping curtain, and lapping the thin net into nets in a crossed mode, wherein the gram weight of each layer of thin net is 100 g/m2。
Step six, needling reinforcement, namely needling reinforcement treatment is carried out on the net obtained in the step five, and the needling density is 80 punches/cm2And obtaining the filter cloth primary felt.
And step seven, uniformly coating the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material obtained in the step one in the filter cloth primary felt obtained in the step six, so that each fiber is impregnated with the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the coating times are 2.
And step eight, carrying out hot rolling treatment by a hot rolling mill, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 200 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 2 m/min.
And step nine, after hot rolling, heating and baking for 15 minutes at the temperature of 100 ℃, and then heating and baking for 10 minutes at the temperature of 180 ℃.
Example 2: a preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material comprises the following operation steps:
step one, preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material: adding 13 parts of filler, 15 parts of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, 15 parts of PTFE micro powder and 6.5 parts of surface active additive into 55 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 70 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 12 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenyl melamine is 0.2: 1.
and step two, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid into the asbestos fiber, heating to a molten state, mixing and stirring for 12 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
Step three, opening and scotching the modified asbestos fibers and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers (preparation example 2).
And step four, carding to form a net.
Step five, lapping after carding, enabling the carded thin web to swing back and forth through a vertical clamping curtain, and lapping the thin web into a web in a cross mode, wherein the gram weight of each layer of thin web is 130 g/m2。
Step six, needling reinforcement, namely needling reinforcement treatment is carried out on the net obtained in the step five, and the needling density is 90 needling/cm2And obtaining the filter cloth primary felt.
And step seven, uniformly coating the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material obtained in the step one in the filter cloth primary felt obtained in the step six, so that each fiber is impregnated with the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the coating times are 3.
And step eight, carrying out hot rolling treatment by a hot rolling mill, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 220 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 2.2 m/min.
And step nine, after hot rolling, heating and baking at the temperature of 105 ℃ for 18 minutes, and then heating and baking at the temperature of 190 ℃ for 12 minutes.
Example 3: a preparation method of a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material comprises the following operation steps:
step one, preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material: adding 15 parts of filler, 20 parts of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, 20 parts of PTFE micro powder and 8 parts of surface active additive into 60 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing. Wherein the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 80 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 15 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenyl melamine is 1: 1.
and step two, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid into the asbestos fiber, heating to a molten state, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
And step three, opening and scotching the modified asbestos fibers and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
And step four, carding to form a net.
Step five, lapping after carding, enabling the carded thin web to swing back and forth through a vertical clamping curtain, and lapping the thin web into a web in a cross mode, wherein the gram weight of each layer of thin web is 150 g/m2。
Step six, needling reinforcement, namely needling reinforcement treatment is carried out on the net obtained in the step five, and the needling density is 100 punches/cm2And obtaining the filter cloth primary felt.
And step seven, uniformly coating the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material obtained in the step one in the filter cloth primary felt obtained in the step six, so that each fiber is impregnated with the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the coating times are 3.
And step eight, carrying out hot rolling treatment by a hot rolling mill, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 250 ℃, the hot rolling pressure is 0.8MPa, and the hot rolling speed is 2.5 m/min.
And step nine, after hot rolling, heating and baking at the temperature of 100-130 ℃ for 20 minutes, and then heating and baking at the temperature of 200 ℃ for 15 minutes.
Example 4: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: inorganic filler is also added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from graphite.
Example 5: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: inorganic filler is also added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from graphite and molybdenum disulfide.
Example 6: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: inorganic filler is also added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from graphite, molybdenum disulfide and alkali-free glass fiber. Wherein the filling amount of the alkali-free glass fiber is 15 percent, and the length-diameter ratio is 5.
Example 7: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: inorganic filler is also added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is molybdenum disulfide.
Example 8: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: inorganic filler is also added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from graphite and alkali-free glass fiber. Wherein the filling amount of the alkali-free glass fiber is 20 percent, and the length-diameter ratio is 8.
Example 9: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: inorganic filler is also added into the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from alkali-free glass fiber. Wherein the filling amount of the alkali-free glass fiber is 25 percent, and the length-diameter ratio is 10.
Example 10: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the added filler is firstly pretreated, and the pretreatment is specifically carried out by adding a surfactant into the filler, mixing and stirring for 10 minutes. Wherein the surfactant is selected from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Example 11: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the added filler is firstly pretreated, and the pretreatment is specifically carried out by adding a surfactant into the filler, mixing and stirring for 12 minutes. Wherein the surfactant is selected from stearic acid.
Example 12: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the added filler is firstly pretreated, and the pretreatment is specifically carried out by adding a surfactant into the filler, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes. Wherein the surfactant is selected from sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and stearic acid.
Example 13: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the filler added in the first step is firstly pretreated, and the pretreatment is specifically carried out by adding the surfactant into the filler, mixing and stirring for 15 minutes. Wherein the surfactant is selected from carboxymethyl cellulose.
Example 14: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenyl melamine is 0.8: 1.
example 15: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
example 16: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenyl melamine is 1: 1.
example 17: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 70 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
example 18: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 80 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
third, comparative example
Comparative example 1: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenyl melamine is 0.1: 1.
comparative example 2: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 2: 1.
comparative example 3: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 50 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
comparative example 4: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 90 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 10 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
comparative example 5: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 5 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
comparative example 6: the preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is different from the embodiment 1 in that: in the first step, the surface active auxiliary agent is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and is heated to 60 ℃ simultaneously and mixed for 20 minutes. Meanwhile, the ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the dipropenyl melamine is 0.5: 1.
fourthly, performance detection and analysis
Test one: basic Performance test
Test subjects: the polytetrafluoroethylene filter materials prepared in examples 1 to 18 were used as test samples 1 to 18, and the polytetrafluoroethylene filter materials prepared in comparative examples 1 to 6 were used as control samples 1 to 6.
The test method comprises the following steps:
1. according to the detection method of HG-16865, hardness measurements were carried out on the test samples 1 to 18 and the control samples 1 to 6 using a steel ball Φ 5mm and a load of 62.5 kgf.
2. The test samples 1 to 18 and the control samples 1 to 6 were subjected to the test for impact resistance according to the test method of the method of GB 1043-79.
And (3) test results: as can be seen from Table 1, the hardness and impact resistance of the test samples 1-18 are superior to those of the control samples 1-6. In addition, the test samples 6, 8 and 9 are superior in hardness and impact resistance as compared with the test sample 1. While the hardness and impact resistance of test sample 8 were the best. Second, the hardness and impact resistance of test samples 14-18 were superior to that of test sample 1, while the hardness and impact resistance of test sample 14 were the best. Meanwhile, comparative examples 1-2 were inferior in hardness and impact resistance compared to example 1, and it can be seen that the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropylenemelamine was (0.2-1): 1 is preferred; the optimal ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenyl melamine is 0.8: 1. the test samples 17 to 18 were not much changed in the entire hardness and impact resistance in comparison with the test sample 11 in the temperature range of 60 to 80 ℃.
TABLE 1 basic Performance test results for test samples 1-18 and control samples 1-6
Figure RE-GDA0002358646300000101
The specific embodiments are only for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can make modifications without inventive contribution to the present embodiments as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
step one, preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material: adding a filler, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE micro powder and a surface active additive into the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, and uniformly mixing;
step two, adding the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid into asbestos fibers, heating to a molten state, mixing and stirring for 10-15 minutes, and then cooling to room temperature to obtain modified asbestos fibers;
step three, opening and scotching the modified asbestos fiber and the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber;
step four, carding to form a net;
step five, lapping treatment is carried out after carding, the carded thin net is reciprocated through a vertical clamping curtain and is lapped into a net in a cross mode, and the gram weight of each layer of thin net is 100-150 g/m2；
Step six, needling reinforcement, namely needling reinforcement treatment is carried out on the net obtained in the step five, and the needling density is 80-100 punches/cm2Obtaining a filter cloth primary felt;
step seven, uniformly coating the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material obtained in the step one in the filter cloth primary felt obtained in the step six, so that each fiber is impregnated with the polytetrafluoroethylene coating filter material for 2-3 times;
step eight, carrying out hot rolling treatment by a hot rolling mill, wherein the hot rolling temperature is 200-;
ninth, after hot rolling, the steel is heated and baked for 15-20 minutes at the temperature of 100-130 ℃, and then heated and baked for 10-15 minutes at the temperature of 180-200 ℃.
2. The preparation method of the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 1, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene film-coated filter material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid, 10-15 parts of filler, 10-20 parts of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene, 10-20 parts of PTFE micro powder and 5-8 parts of surface active additive.
3. The method for preparing the polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fiber comprises the following operation steps:
s1, batching: adding 59-61 parts of polyethylene resin and 5.5-0.5 part of nonionic surfactant into 100 parts of polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid according to parts by weight; adjusting pH to 7-10 and viscosity to 0.01-0.015 Pa.s, mixing and stirring until the maturity of the viscose is 6-8 to obtain the viscose;
s2, adding 75-82 parts of pure water into a clean container, then adding 10-12 parts of sodium sulfate and 2-3 parts of zinc sulfate, then heating and stirring until the sodium sulfate and the zinc sulfate are completely dissolved, cooling, then adding 5-7 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid, and uniformly stirring to obtain a solidification solution;
s3, mixing the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose, pumping the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose into a spinning nozzle through a filter by using a metering pump, placing the spinning nozzle in a coagulating liquid, coagulating the mixed solution of the polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion liquid and the viscose in the coagulating liquid into polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, then carrying out elution on the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers by using a leaching roller, carrying out elution by using pure water at 90-96 ℃, passing through an oiling roller and a drying roller sintering furnace, and carrying out thermal stretching on the polytetrafluoroethylene fibers again in the sintering process to obtain the modified polytetrafluoroethylene fibers.
4. The method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 1, wherein an inorganic filler is further added to the polytetrafluoroethylene coated filter material, and the inorganic filler is selected from one or more of graphite, molybdenum disulfide and alkali-free glass fiber.
5. The method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 4, wherein the alkali-free glass fibers are filled in an amount of 15-25% and have an aspect ratio of 5-10.
6. A method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material as defined in claim 5, wherein, in step one, the filler is first pretreated by adding surfactant into the filler, and mixing and stirring are carried out for 10-15 minutes.
7. The method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 6, wherein the surfactant is one or more selected from sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, stearic acid, and carboxymethyl cellulose.
8. The method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 1, wherein the surface active agent added in the step one is a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide and dipropenyl melamine, and the mixed solution is heated to 60-80 ℃ and mixed for 10-15 minutes.
9. The method for preparing a polytetrafluoroethylene filter material according to claim 8, wherein the ratio of sodium hydroxide to dipropenylmelamine is (0.2-1): 1.
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