CN103275448B - Preparation method of modified packing ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene composite - Google Patents

Preparation method of modified packing ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene composite Download PDF

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CN103275448B
CN103275448B CN201310255669.0A CN201310255669A CN103275448B CN 103275448 B CN103275448 B CN 103275448B CN 201310255669 A CN201310255669 A CN 201310255669A CN 103275448 B CN103275448 B CN 103275448B
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zinc oxide
glass fibre
crystal whisker
type zinc
nano titanium
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CN103275448A (en
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李一帆
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Boao Zongheng Network Technology Co ltd
Ming Yang Wire Factory Nanhai District Foshan
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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a modified packing ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene composite. A matrix of the composite is polytetrafluoroethylene; filling ions comprise tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers, aramid fibers, glass fibers and nano titanium dioxide; the masses of the tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers, the aramid fibers, the glass fibers and nano titanium dioxide account for 10-12%, 5-7%, 3-4% and 2-3% of the mass of polytetrafluoroethylene powder; the polytetrafluoroethylene powder is in 120-150 meshes; the tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers are 12-14 micrometers in length; the diameters of roots of the tetrapod-like zinc oxide whiskers are 3-5 micrometers; the aramid fibers are 2-2.5mm in length; each monofilament is 8-10 micrometers in diameter; the glass fibers are glass fiber powder in 120-140 meshes; and the particle size of nano titanium dioxide is 15-30nm. The modified enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene composite has the advantages of high mechanical strength, good abrasive resistance, good thermal conductivity, lower linear expansion coefficient and excellent antistatic property, the mechanical properties and thermostability of the polytetrafluoroethylene composite are improved greatly, and the application field of the composite is further extended.

Description

A kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of new, be specifically related to a kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material.
Background technology
In macromolecular structure, fluoroplastics are a kind of superpolymer containing fluorine atom (F) or fluorine atom group.By the method for processing forming of similar plastics, make section bar, unit product or part, these are all commonly referred to as fluoroplastics or fluorine plastic product.And generally fluoroplastic polymer is that monomer is obtained by copolymerization or homopolymerization synthesis, these monomers have: fluorochemical monomer is as tetrafluoroethylene, vinyl fluoride, R 1216, vinylidene etc.The form that they exist can be solution, pellet, powder etc.Section bar or unit product is obtained by various moulding process, section bar is obtained component by secondary processing method, these fluorine plastic products, with performances such as the insulativity of its excellence, heatproof stability, erosion resistance, self-lubricatings, are widely used in space flight and aviation, electric, the field such as chemical industry, building, machinery.Family more than 20 is had to be engaged in the company of fluoroplastics production at present in the world, these companies are mainly distributed in the countries and regions such as the U.S., Japan and West Europe, wherein with the industrial scale of the company such as Du Pont, Daikin Industries, Dyneon, Asahi Glass, ICI, Ausimont for larger.In the development, processing and application etc. of fluoroplastics, through the development of 40 years, Chinese fluoroplastics processing industry was made significant headway, and meanwhile, had a considerable amount of technical specialist troop and good sales network.Along with expanding economy, in the last few years, constantly introduced external advanced production equipment technology and required novel material at home, its demand was also constantly expanding, thus the processing of fluoroplastics and production obtain develop rapidly.Between 2001-2003 3 years, the annual production of Chinese polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin rises to 17914 t from 11032 t, and rate of growth every year on average has all exceeded 20%, and China has become PTFE goods big country.The method for processing forming of fluoroplastics has a lot, mainly contains blowing, injection moulding, mold pressing, extruding (plunger is extruded, paste extrusion), transfer mould, dipping, spraying, electroless plating etc.And tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is although its difficult forming, over-all properties is very good, and the proportion accounting for whole fluoroplastics output is quite large, greatly about about 70%, is applied to the numerous areas such as chemical industry, machinery, electric and electronic, automobile.Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) molecular structure, determine PTFE and show excellent performance, performance mainly contains: PTFE has highly nonpolar material, have excellent electrical insulation capability, splendid chemical stability, frictional coefficient is little, water-intake rate is very low, excellent heat stability.Wide in range use temperature, ageing-resistant performance and radiation resistance outstanding.But any material is not perfect, and PTFE material is no exception, and the constructional feature of PTFE determines and it creates the following shortcoming: poor is subject to loading force, and mechanical property is lower.The physical strength of PTFE is very little, and hardness is also lower, and elasticity is low, and elongation at break is larger.Poor thermal conductivity.The thermal conductivity of PTFE is bad, and its thermal conductivity is lower, material being made like this not go in heat conduction surrounding medium in time, cause thermal fatigue than being easier to, thus greatly can reduce the work-ing life of material.Linear expansivity is larger.PTFE linear expansivity is larger comparatively speaking, is 13 times of iron and steel, so PTFE material ratio is easier to that cracking occurs wait calorifics phenomenon, this also can reduce the work-ing life of PTFE material.Shaping and secondary processing is difficult.When molding sintering is shaping, the shrinking percentage of PTFE goods can be larger, and be 1%-5%, PTFE is much bigger compared with the 0.1%-0.6% of rigid polyvinyl chloride, is so just not easy the accurate dimension controlling its goods.Its melt viscosity is very high, and the secondary processing technique such as injection molding, calendering formation that common plastics is conventional is not suitable for PTFE material, and can only use the method for like powder metallurgy.Wear no resistance.PTFE abrasion are also larger, thus limit the application of PTFE.Creep resistant is poor.Affect by its Working environment, under long-duration load, can there is larger creep in PTFE, then accumulate over a long period and cold flow will occur.The cold flow of PTFE also makes its application be restricted.Its intrinsic insulation characterisitic of PTFE (order of magnitude of insulation resistivity reaches 18) static charge in friction, stripping or induction process is easy to accumulate on the surface of PTFE pressing, just impulsive discharge may be caused after the static charge of accumulation acquires a certain degree, thus electronic circuit system may be disturbed to run, the insulation dielectric around it may be punctured time more serious, thus destroy the operation of whole system.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, with solve existing polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material mechanical property low, wear no resistance, poor thermal conductivity, linear expansivity are comparatively large and antistatic property is poor defect.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: matrices of composite material is tetrafluoroethylene, fill ion and comprise four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide, wherein four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, the quality of glass fibre and nano titanium oxide accounts for the 10-12% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality respectively, 5-7%, 3-4% and 2-3%, described tetrafluoroethylene is 120-150 object polytetrafluorethylepowder powder, described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker length 12-14 μm, base diameter 3-5 μm, described aramid fiber length is 2-2.5mm, filament diameter 8-10 μm, described glass fibre is 120-140 object glass fibre powder, described nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 15-30nm, described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 0.5-0.8 g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 60-70ml acetone, then drips oxalic acid adjustment PH to 5 ~ 6, leaves standstill 20-25 minute, then weigh 12-14g four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and be placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 5-6 hour at 55-58 DEG C of temperature, then suction filtration, that dry out solvent obtains modification four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is for subsequent use, described aramid fiber needs to carry out following pre-treatment: aramid fiber is soaked 8-10 hour in acetone, then in water and ethanol, boils 2-3 hour respectively, dry for standby, described glass fibre needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 1-1.2g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 40-50 ml acetone, then weighs 8-10g glass fibre and is placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 0.5-1 hour at 25-30 DEG C of temperature, and then 70-75 DEG C of dry 2-3 hour, for subsequent use after 1-1.5 hour 110-112 DEG C of activation, described nano titanium oxide needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: take 1-1.5g silane coupling agent and be blended in 80-120g water, nano titanium oxide and trolamine are according to mass ratio 1:0.5-1 mixed grinding, take abrasive 15-20g to be distributed in the above-mentioned water body containing silane coupling agent, regulate PH to 8.5-8.8, stir 3-4 hour, then suction filtration, dry that to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide for subsequent use, the concrete preparation process of matrix material is as follows:
(1), by modification or pretreated four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide mix under high velocity agitation, then add polytetrafluorethylepowder powder ball milling and obtain batch mixing in 25-30 minute;
(2), by mixture coldmoulding in constant voltage 30-40 minute under 40-50MPa condition that batch mixing will obtain again, carry out sintering curing more shaping, time below 180 DEG C, temperature rise rate controls as 65-72 DEG C/h, more than 200 DEG C is 55-58 DEG C/h, finally at 385 DEG C of insulation 4-5 hour, is then cooled to 200 DEG C with the rate of temperature fall of 50-55 DEG C/h, less than 200 DEG C rate of temperature fall are 65-70 DEG C/h, finally be cooled to room temperature, by sample polishing processing, namely obtain ptfe composite goods.
Such scheme can be improved to further:
Described filling ion also comprises silicon carbide, and it accounts for the 2-3% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality; Described silicon carbide selects mean particle size to be the α-SiC particle of 16-17 μm, and it is several filler Ar ion mixing with other in step (1).
Need to carry out following pre-treatment before described α-SiC particle mixing: (1), chlorohydric acid pickling: SiC particle is joined in the hydrochloric acid of massfraction 15-18%, and 4-5 hour is soaked at 28-30 DEG C, filter and wash SiC particle to PH is 6-7, for subsequent use after drying; (2), high temperature oxidation: be oxidized 5 hours at step (2) being dried SiC particle 950-980 DEG C obtained, cooling is rear for subsequent use; (3), nitrate sensitization: step (3) is cooled the SiC particle obtained and soak 3 hours in the magnesium nitrate solution of massfraction 20-22%, then in 3 hours with till the ammonia water titration solution PH of massfraction 10-20% most 9.2, filter and at 420 DEG C dry for standby.
The silane coupling agent of described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker modification is KH-570, and the silane coupling agent of described glass fibre modification is KH-550; Described nano-titanium dioxide modified silane coupling agent is KH-560.
Principle of the present invention is:
(1) by adding grit SiC in tetrafluoroethylene, not only can improve the dimensional stability of PTFE, mechanical property and wear resistance, but also thermotolerance and the creep-resistant property of PTFE material can be improved, and can thermal expansivity be reduced.
(2) due to fiber high-strength degree and rigidity and good thermal conductivity, utilize these advantages, aramid fiber and glass fibre are compound in PTFE matrix, improve frictional behaviour and the mechanical property of polymer P TFE.Research shows, produce when wearing and tearing because matrix and other material occur to rub, fiber can play good carrying effect, can form the transfer film of uniformly continous, thus the wear resistance of matrix material is significantly improved on mating plate surface.
(3) four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker (T-ZnO w) there is the performance that generally common one dimension whisker do not possess, T-ZnO with the isotropy feature of transitivity because of its special three-dimensional space physical structure wbe uniformly distributed in the base than being easier to, the performance of the matrix material prepared has isotropy, and this is that one dimension crystal whisker materials and granular filler are unapproachable, T-ZnO wexcept being used to as wild phase to except the mechanical mechanics property effect strengthening body material, much apply such as vibration and noise reducing, antistatic, antibacterial etc. in addition.The present invention is by mixing T-ZnO wafter can to PTFE matrix, in electrical applications field, especially antistatic application aspect promotes to some extent on the one hand, also can make moderate progress on the other hand in thermal property, improves its thermal conductivity and reduces thermal expansivity.Make this matrix material can have certain using value in electric works field.
(4), nano titanium oxide (TiO 2) there is distinctive nanometer size effect, large specific surface area, have stronger interfacial interaction with polymkeric substance, its Filled PTEF that can combine with aramid fiber, glass fibre, plays synergy, TiO 2the supporting capacity of matrix material can be improved, make up fibre fractionation fill less than barren pars fibrosa, thus improve the wear resisting property of matrix material.
The present invention is by modification enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, there is the advantage that physical strength is high, wear resistance good, thermal conductivity is good, linear expansivity is less and antistatic property is excellent, improve mechanical property and the thermostability of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material to a great extent, widen its Application Areas further.
Embodiment
Below by way of specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, matrices of composite material is tetrafluoroethylene, fill ion and comprise four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide, wherein four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, the quality of glass fibre and nano titanium oxide accounts for 10% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality respectively, 5%, 3% and 2%, tetrafluoroethylene is 120 object polytetrafluorethylepowder powders, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker length 12 μm, base diameter 3 μm, aramid fiber length is 2mm, filament diameter 8 μm, glass fibre is 120 object glass fibre powder, nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 15nm, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 0.5g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 60ml acetone, then drips oxalic acid adjustment PH to 5, leaves standstill 20 minutes, then weigh 12g four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and be placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 5 hours at 55 DEG C of temperature, then suction filtration, that dry out solvent obtains modification four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is for subsequent use, aramid fiber needs to carry out following pre-treatment: aramid fiber is soaked 8 hours in acetone, then in water and ethanol, boils 2 hours respectively, dry for standby, glass fibre needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 1g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 40 ml acetone, then weighs 8g glass fibre and is placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 0.5 hour at 25 DEG C of temperature, and then 70 DEG C of dryings 2 hours, for subsequent use after 1 hour 110 DEG C of activation, nano titanium oxide needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: take 1g silane coupling agent and be blended in 80g water, nano titanium oxide and trolamine are according to mass ratio 1:0.5 mixed grinding, take abrasive 15g to be distributed in the above-mentioned water body containing silane coupling agent, regulate PH to 8.5, stirs 3 hours, then suction filtration, that oven dry obtains modified nano-titanium dioxide is for subsequent use, the concrete preparation process of matrix material is as follows:
(1), by modification or pretreated four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide mix under high velocity agitation, then add polytetrafluorethylepowder powder ball milling and obtain batch mixing in 25 minutes;
(2), by mixture constant voltage coldmoulding in 30 minutes under 40MPa condition that batch mixing will obtain again, carry out sintering curing more shaping, time below 180 DEG C, temperature rise rate controls is 65 DEG C/h, more than 200 DEG C is 55 DEG C/h, finally 385 DEG C of insulations 4 hours, is then cooled to 200 DEG C with the rate of temperature fall of 50 DEG C/h, less than 200 DEG C rate of temperature fall are 65 DEG C/h, finally be cooled to room temperature, by sample polishing processing, namely obtain ptfe composite goods.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, matrices of composite material is tetrafluoroethylene, fill ion and comprise four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide, wherein four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, the quality of glass fibre and nano titanium oxide accounts for 12% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality respectively, 7%, 4% and 3%, tetrafluoroethylene is 150 object polytetrafluorethylepowder powders, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker length 14 μm, base diameter 5 μm, aramid fiber length is 2.5mm, filament diameter 10 μm, glass fibre is 140 object glass fibre powder, nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 30nm, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 0.8 g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 70ml acetone, then drips oxalic acid adjustment PH to 6, leaves standstill 25 minutes, then weigh 14g four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and be placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 6 hours at 58 DEG C of temperature, then suction filtration, that dry out solvent obtains modification four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is for subsequent use, aramid fiber needs to carry out following pre-treatment: aramid fiber is soaked 10 hours in acetone, then in water and ethanol, boils 3 hours respectively, dry for standby, glass fibre needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 1.2g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 50 ml acetone, then weighs 10g glass fibre and is placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 1 hour at 30 DEG C of temperature, and then 75 DEG C of dryings 3 hours, for subsequent use after 1.5 hours 112 DEG C of activation, nano titanium oxide needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: take 1.5g silane coupling agent and be blended in 120g water, nano titanium oxide and trolamine are according to mass ratio 1:1 mixed grinding, take abrasive 20g to be distributed in the above-mentioned water body containing silane coupling agent, regulate PH to 8.8, stirs 4 hours, then suction filtration, that oven dry obtains modified nano-titanium dioxide is for subsequent use, the concrete preparation process of matrix material is as follows:
(1), by modification or pretreated four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide mix under high velocity agitation, then add polytetrafluorethylepowder powder ball milling and obtain batch mixing in 30 minutes;
(2), by mixture constant voltage coldmoulding in 40 minutes under 50MPa condition that batch mixing will obtain again, carry out sintering curing more shaping, time below 180 DEG C, temperature rise rate controls is 72 DEG C/h, more than 200 DEG C is 58 DEG C/h, finally 385 DEG C of insulations 5 hours, is then cooled to 200 DEG C with the rate of temperature fall of 55 DEG C/h, less than 200 DEG C rate of temperature fall are 70 DEG C/h, finally be cooled to room temperature, by sample polishing processing, namely obtain ptfe composite goods.
Embodiment 3
A kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, matrices of composite material is tetrafluoroethylene, fill ion and comprise four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber and glass fiber and nano titanium oxide, wherein four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, the quality of glass fibre and nano titanium oxide accounts for 10% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality respectively, 7%, 4% and 2%, tetrafluoroethylene is 150 object polytetrafluorethylepowder powders, described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker length 12 μm, base diameter 5 μm, aramid fiber length is 2mm, filament diameter 10 μm, glass fibre is 140 object glass fibre powder, nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 30nm, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 0.8 g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 70ml acetone, then drips oxalic acid adjustment PH to 6, leaves standstill 20 minutes, then weigh 12g four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and be placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 6 hours at 58 DEG C of temperature, then suction filtration, that dry out solvent obtains modification four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is for subsequent use, described aramid fiber needs to carry out following pre-treatment: aramid fiber is soaked 8 hours in acetone, then in water and ethanol, boils 2 hours respectively, dry for standby, described glass fibre needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 1g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 40 ml acetone, then weighs 8g glass fibre and is placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 0.5 hour at 25 DEG C of temperature, and then 75 DEG C of dryings 3 hours, for subsequent use after 1.5 hours 110 DEG C of activation, nano titanium oxide needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: take 1.5g silane coupling agent and be blended in 120g water, nano titanium oxide and trolamine are according to mass ratio 1:0.5 mixed grinding, take abrasive 20g to be distributed in the above-mentioned water body containing silane coupling agent, regulate PH to 8.5, stirs 4 hours, then suction filtration, that oven dry obtains modified nano-titanium dioxide is for subsequent use, fill ion and also comprise silicon carbide, it accounts for the 2-3% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality, silicon carbide selects mean particle size to be the α-SiC particle of 17 μm, need to carry out following pre-treatment before the mixing of α-SiC particle: (1), chlorohydric acid pickling: SiC particle is joined in the hydrochloric acid of massfraction 18%, and soak 5 hours at 30 DEG C, filtering and washing SiC particle to PH is 7, for subsequent use after drying, (2), high temperature oxidation: be oxidized 5 hours at step (2) being dried the SiC particle 980 DEG C obtained, cooling is rear for subsequent use, (3), nitrate sensitization: step (3) is cooled the SiC particle obtained and soak 3 hours in the magnesium nitrate solution of massfraction 20-22%, then in 3 hours with till the ammonia water titration solution PH of massfraction 20% most 9.2, filter and at 420 DEG C dry for standby, the concrete preparation process of matrix material is as follows:
(1), by modification or pretreated four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre, nano titanium oxide, silicon carbide mix under high velocity agitation, then add polytetrafluorethylepowder powder ball milling and obtain batch mixing in 25 minutes;
(2), by mixture constant voltage coldmoulding in 40 minutes under 40MPa condition that batch mixing will obtain again, carry out sintering curing more shaping, time below 180 DEG C, temperature rise rate controls is 72 DEG C/h, more than 200 DEG C is 58 DEG C/h, finally 385 DEG C of insulations 5 hours, is then cooled to 200 DEG C with the rate of temperature fall of 50 DEG C/h, less than 200 DEG C rate of temperature fall are 65 DEG C/h, finally be cooled to room temperature, by sample polishing processing, namely obtain ptfe composite goods.
Embodiment 4
A kind of preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, matrices of composite material is tetrafluoroethylene, fill ion and comprise four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide, wherein four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, the quality of glass fibre and nano titanium oxide accounts for 10% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality respectively, 5%, 3% and 3%, tetrafluoroethylene is 150 object polytetrafluorethylepowder powders, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker length 14 μm, base diameter 5 μm, aramid fiber length is 2mm, filament diameter 10 μm, glass fibre is 140 object glass fibre powder, nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 15nm, four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 0.8 g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 60ml acetone, then drips oxalic acid adjustment PH to 6, leaves standstill 25 minutes, then weigh 14g four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and be placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 5 hours at 58 DEG C of temperature, then suction filtration, that dry out solvent obtains modification four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is for subsequent use, aramid fiber needs to carry out following pre-treatment: aramid fiber is soaked 10 hours in acetone, then in water and ethanol, boils 2 hours respectively, dry for standby, glass fibre needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 1.2g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 50 ml acetone, then weighs 8g glass fibre and is placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 0.5 hour at 30 DEG C of temperature, and then 75 DEG C of dryings 3 hours, for subsequent use after 1.5 hours 110 DEG C of activation, nano titanium oxide needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: take 1.5g silane coupling agent and be blended in 80g water, nano titanium oxide and trolamine are according to mass ratio 1:1 mixed grinding, take abrasive 20g to be distributed in the above-mentioned water body containing silane coupling agent, regulate PH to 8.5, stirs 4 hours, then suction filtration, that oven dry obtains modified nano-titanium dioxide is for subsequent use, fill ion and also comprise silicon carbide, it accounts for 3% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality, silicon carbide selects mean particle size to be the α-SiC particle of 17 μm, need to carry out following pre-treatment before the mixing of α-SiC particle: (1), chlorohydric acid pickling: SiC particle is joined in the hydrochloric acid of massfraction 18%, and 4-5 hour is soaked at 30 DEG C, filtering and washing SiC particle to PH is 6, for subsequent use after drying, (2), high temperature oxidation: be oxidized 5 hours at step (2) being dried the SiC particle 950 DEG C obtained, cooling is rear for subsequent use, (3), nitrate sensitization: step (3) is cooled the SiC particle obtained and soak 3 hours in the magnesium nitrate solution of massfraction 22%, then in 3 hours with till the ammonia water titration solution PH of massfraction 10% most 9.2, filter and at 420 DEG C dry for standby, the concrete preparation process of matrix material is as follows:
(1), by modification or pretreated four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre, nano titanium oxide and silicon carbide mix under high velocity agitation, then add polytetrafluorethylepowder powder ball milling and obtain batch mixing in 30 minutes;
(2), by mixture constant voltage coldmoulding in 30 minutes under 50MPa condition that batch mixing will obtain again, carry out sintering curing more shaping, time below 180 DEG C, temperature rise rate controls is 72 DEG C/h, more than 200 DEG C is 58 DEG C/h, finally 385 DEG C of insulations 4 hours, is then cooled to 200 DEG C with the rate of temperature fall of 55 DEG C/h, less than 200 DEG C rate of temperature fall are 70 DEG C/h, finally be cooled to room temperature, by sample polishing processing, namely obtain ptfe composite goods.
In order to improve the dispersiveness of filler ion in polymer P TFE matrix, and with the avidity of PTFE, the filler ion of embodiment 1-4 adopts coupling agent to carry out surface modification, improves the connection tightness of filler ion and polymeric matrix; The silane coupling agent of four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker modification is KH-570, and the silane coupling agent of glass fibre modification is KH-550; Nano-titanium dioxide modified silane coupling agent is KH-560.
Test proves, friction coefficient of composite material prepared by embodiment 1-4 is 0.20-0.24, and wear rate is 0.12-0.14 × 10 -6cm 3/ Nm, and the frictional coefficient of pure PTFE is about 0.18, wear rate is about 9 × 10 -6cm 3/ Nm, compares known, and the frictional coefficient of this material is close with pure PTFE, but wear resistance significantly improves, and abrasion loss reduces greatly.The thermal conductivity of matrix material is 0.65-0.73 W/m*K, compared with the thermal conductivity 0.25-0.3W/m*K of pure PTFE, is doubled many; The average mechanical performance index of this matrix material are simultaneously: tensile strength 36.2Mpa, shock strength 27.4kj/cm 2, hardness 65.4HRL, improves 98%, 54% and 51% than pure PTFE respectively, by above contrast, the mechanical property of this matrix material increases substantially, the every mechanical property of matrix material especially good (tensile strength 38.8Mpa, the shock strength 28.9kj/cm of especially embodiment 3 and 4 preparation 2, hardness 69.3HRL).Matrix material machinery performance prepared by the present invention is high, thermal expansivity is low, there is good thermal conductivity and wear-resistant wear resistance, and prepare than being easier to, the low and wild phase (filler ion) of cost Dispersed precipitate and there is isotropy in matrix, be applicable to various complex stress condition.

Claims (4)

1. the preparation method of a modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material, it is characterized in that, matrices of composite material is tetrafluoroethylene, filler ion comprises four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide, described tetrafluoroethylene is 120-150 object polytetrafluorethylepowder powder, wherein four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, the quality of glass fibre and nano titanium oxide accounts for the 10-12% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality respectively, 5-7%, 3-4% and 2-3%, described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker length 12-14 μm, base diameter 3-5 μm, described aramid fiber length is 2-2.5mm, filament diameter 8-10 μm, described glass fibre is 120-140 object glass fibre powder, described nano titanium oxide particle diameter is 15-30nm, described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 0.5-0.8 g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 60-70ml acetone, then drip careless acid for adjusting pH to 5 ~ 6, leave standstill 20-25 minute, then weigh 12-14g four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker and be placed in above-mentioned solution, at 55-58 DEG C of temperature, stir 5-6 hour, then suction filtration, that dry out solvent obtains modification four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker is for subsequent use, described aramid fiber needs to carry out following pre-treatment: aramid fiber is soaked 8-10 hour in acetone, then in water and ethanol, boils 2-3 hour respectively, dry for standby, described glass fibre needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: weigh 1-1.2g silane coupling agent and be dissolved in 40-50 ml acetone, then weighs 8-10g glass fibre and is placed in above-mentioned solution, to stirring 0.5-1 hour at 25-30 DEG C of temperature, then at 70-75 DEG C of dry 2-3 hour, for subsequent use after 1-1.5 hour 110-112 DEG C of activation, described nano titanium oxide needs to carry out modification in accordance with the following methods: take 1-1.5g silane coupling agent and be blended in 80-120g water, nano titanium oxide and trolamine are according to mass ratio 1:0.5-1 mixed grinding, take abrasive 15-20g to be distributed in the above-mentioned water body containing silane coupling agent, regulate pH to 8.5-8.8, stir 3-4 hour, then suction filtration, dry that to obtain modified nano-titanium dioxide for subsequent use, the concrete preparation process of matrix material is as follows:
(1), by modification or pretreated four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker, aramid fiber, glass fibre and nano titanium oxide mix under high velocity agitation, then add polytetrafluorethylepowder powder ball milling and obtain batch mixing in 25-30 minute;
(2), by batch mixing coldmoulding in constant voltage 30-40 minute under 40-50MPa condition, carry out sintering curing more shaping, time below 180 DEG C, temperature rise rate controls as 65-72 DEG C/h, more than 200 DEG C is 55-58 DEG C/h, finally at 385 DEG C of insulation 4-5 hour, is then cooled to 200 DEG C with the rate of temperature fall of 50-55 DEG C/h, less than 200 DEG C rate of temperature fall are 65-70 DEG C/h, finally be cooled to room temperature, by sample polishing processing, namely obtain ptfe composite goods.
2. the preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described filler ion also comprises silicon carbide, and it accounts for the 2-3% of polytetrafluorethylepowder powder quality; Described silicon carbide selects mean particle size to be the α-SiC particle of 16-17 μm, its in step (1) with other filler Ar ion mixings.
3. the preparation method of modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, need to carry out following pre-treatment before described α-SiC particle mixing: (1), chlorohydric acid pickling: SiC particle is joined in the hydrochloric acid of massfraction 15-18%, and 4-5 hour is soaked at 28-30 DEG C, filter and wash SiC particle to pH is 6-7, for subsequent use after drying; (2), high temperature oxidation: be oxidized 5 hours at step (2) being dried SiC particle 950-980 DEG C obtained, cooling is rear for subsequent use; (3), nitrate sensitization: step (3) is cooled the SiC particle obtained and soak 3 hours in the magnesium nitrate solution of massfraction 20-22%, then in 3 hours with the ammonia water titration pH value of solution to 9.2 of massfraction 10-20%, filter and at 420 DEG C dry for standby.
4. according to the preparation method of the arbitrary described modified filler ion enhanced polytetrafluoroethylene matrix material of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that, the silane coupling agent of described four acicular type zinc oxide crystal whisker modification is KH-570, and the silane coupling agent of described glass fibre modification is KH-550; Described nano-titanium dioxide modified silane coupling agent is KH-560.
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