CN110964596A - 一种乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110964596A CN110964596A CN201911233800.7A CN201911233800A CN110964596A CN 110964596 A CN110964596 A CN 110964596A CN 201911233800 A CN201911233800 A CN 201911233800A CN 110964596 A CN110964596 A CN 110964596A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- polygala
- oil
- triglyceride
- seeds
- seed oil
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- -1 acetyl triglyceride Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 13
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241001080798 Polygala tenuifolia Species 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 241000208966 Polygala Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000000199 molecular distillation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 28
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 102000014384 Type C Phospholipases Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108010079194 Type C Phospholipases Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- ZIIUUSVHCHPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trimethyl-N-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]benzenesulfonamide Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=CC(C(F)(F)F)=C1 ZIIUUSVHCHPIQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 102000015439 Phospholipases Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 108010064785 Phospholipases Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009874 alkali refining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002778 food additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013373 food additive Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 6
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 17
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 12
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004584 weight gain Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 108010013563 Lipoprotein Lipase Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 102100022119 Lipoprotein lipase Human genes 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 235000019387 fatty acid methyl ester Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000008589 Obesity Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021590 normal diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020824 obesity Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003442 weekly effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000208368 Euonymus alatus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000004930 Fatty Liver Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010019708 Hepatic steatosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007036 catalytic synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007979 citrate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000010706 fatty liver disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000030159 metabolic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000014593 oils and fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000240 steatosis hepatitis Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/02—Pretreatment
- C11B1/04—Pretreatment of vegetable raw material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B1/00—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials
- C11B1/06—Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials by pressing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/003—Refining fats or fatty oils by enzymes or microorganisms, living or dead
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/006—Refining fats or fatty oils by extraction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
- C11B3/06—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with bases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/12—Refining fats or fatty oils by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B7/00—Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种sn‑2‑乙酰基甘油三酯分离制备方法,包括以下步骤:将远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,要求刮板转速30‑50转/min,刮板温度195℃‑235℃,真空度0.5‑2mto,进料量0.5‑1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,即为sn‑2‑乙酰基甘油三酯。本发明的天然乙酰基甘油三酯制备方法,以远志籽作为主要原料,通过多个步骤去除甘油三酯,使得获得的产品呈浅黄色。本发明的天然乙酰基甘油三酯具有较好的降血脂效果。本发明的原料资源极为丰富且成本低,生产设备要求低,加工工艺简便。开发的新型天然乙酰基甘油三酯可作为新资源食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工技术领域,涉及一种乙酰基甘油三酯的分离及制备方法,具有涉及一种以远志籽为原料制备乙酰基甘油三酯的方法。
背景技术
由于人们生活质量不断提高、不健康的生活习惯导致一些富贵疾病如脂肪肝、肥胖症、心血管疾病等越来越普遍,目前已严重威胁到了人类的健康,寻找一种能预防和辅助治疗慢性代谢性疾病的营养素引起了人们的极大关注。甘油二酯(diacylglycerol,简写DAG)作为一种新型功能性油脂,不仅可以抑制肥胖,减轻体重,而且还可以降低血脂达到减肥的目的,并且具有食用安全,加工适应性好,人体相容性高,不产生对人体有害的副作用等诸多优点。另外,甘油二酯也是一类重要的多功能性添加剂,在食品、医药、化工行业中有广泛的应用,具有良好的工业应用前景。
在自然状况下,甘油二酯在常用食用油脂中的含量比较少,通常会通过一定的方法来制备甘油二酯,提高其在食物中的含量。目前,根据制备机理的不同,国内外制备甘油二酯的方法有:脂肪酸与甘油酯化法、脂肪酸酯甘油解法、甘油三酯水解法以及分子蒸馏法。目前脂肪酸及其他催化剂催化合成法较为普遍,但是存在副产较多、精制过程复杂等问题。分子蒸馏法虽然可以从天然油脂中直接分离提纯甘油二酯产品,但是常规植物油中含量过低,即使是DAG含量相对较多的棉籽油中含量仍然不足10%,提取甘油二酯需要大量原料油脂,使得成本过高。
因此,寻找甘油二酯的替代产品是解决该问题的出路。2-acetyl-1,3-diacyl-sn-glycerols (sn-2-acTAGs,sn-2-乙酰甘油三酯)是存在于远志籽中的特殊甘油三酯成分,其对人体健康与甘油二酯具有相似的功能。远志主产于山西、陕西、河北、河南,在山东、内蒙古、安徽、湖北、吉林、辽宁等地亦产。远志籽来源方便,资源量巨大,但对其有效利用却很少,为此,需要对远志籽及其油脂进行系统性开发。
发明内容
针对目前缺少天然甘油二酯食用油的问题,本发明提供一种与甘油二酯有相似功能的sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯分离制备方法,生产设备要求低,加工工艺简便。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案。
一种sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,要求刮板转速30-50转/min,刮板温度195℃-235℃,真空度0.5-2mto,进料量0.5-1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,即为sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯。
所述远志籽油为冷榨工艺或溶剂提取的远志籽油,符合GB 2716-2018 食品安全国家标准植物油的要求。
优选的,所述远志籽油的制备方法如下:
(1)将远志籽清洗后干燥,然后冷榨,获得远志籽冷榨油;
(2)将步骤(1)中获得的远志籽冷榨油精制,获得远志籽油。
所述清洗次数为3-4次;每次远志籽与水的质量为1:20-40。
所述干燥标准为远志籽含水量不大于5%。
所述精制至少包括脱胶步骤。优选的,所述脱胶步骤采用酶法脱胶。具体的,包括以下步骤:将远志籽冷榨油以缓冲液调节pH,加热后加入复合酶进行反应,然后分离获得远志籽油。
所述pH为4.5- 5.5。加热温度为45-55℃。反应时间为2-3h。
所述缓冲液占冷榨油的质量分数为5-8%。优选的,所述缓冲液为柠檬酸盐缓冲溶液。
所述复合酶为质量比为4:1的磷脂酶C和磷脂酶A2。所述磷脂酶C酶活为不小于30U/mg;所述磷脂酶A2的酶活为200-220U/mg。所述复合酶的添加量为冷榨油质量的3-5%。
所述精制还包括脱酸步骤。所述脱酸方法选自碱炼脱酸、蒸馏脱酸、溶剂萃取脱酸或酯化脱酸。
一种上述方法获得的乙酰基甘油三酯。
一种上述乙酰基甘油三酯作为食品添加剂中的应用。
本发明具有以下优点:
本发明的天然乙酰基甘油三酯制备方法,以远志籽作为主要原料,通过多个步骤去除甘油三酯,使得获得的产品呈浅黄色。本发明的天然乙酰基甘油三酯具有较好的降血脂效果,经动物实验结果显示,本发明制备的乙酰基甘油三酯无明显毒作用,且有明显的降血脂效果;相比目前市场合成的乙酰基甘油三酯产品,活性成分含量高,更有益于人体健康;本发明的原料资源极为丰富且成本低,生产设备要求低,加工工艺简便。开发的新型天然乙酰基甘油三酯可作为新资源食品,目前该类型产品尚属市场空白,市场前景广阔,可为企业及地方带来良好的经济效益。
附图说明
图1是实施例2制备的S2和S6的硅胶薄层色谱图;
图2是实施例2中S2油脂的13C-NMR羰基区域谱图;
图3是37种脂肪酸甲酯标准品气相色谱图;
图4是远志籽油的气相色谱图;
图5是sn-2乙酰甘油三酯的气相色谱图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明做进一步说明,但本发明不受下述实施例的限制。
实施例1 远志籽油的制备
(1)远志种子成熟后要立即收集处理,要求所述清洗远志种子次数为3次;每次远志籽与水的质量为1:20,40℃低温烘干,要求最终获得的远志籽含水量在5%以下,方便冷榨步骤进行;
(2)将远志籽投入冷榨机,按照压榨温度:60-70℃;出饼温度60-70℃进行压榨,获得远志籽冷榨油;
(3)将远志籽冷榨油采用酶法脱胶:加入占远志籽冷榨油5wt%的柠檬酸缓冲溶液,使混合液的pH为4.5,用均质机均质混合,混合液加热温度至45℃之间持续搅拌并保持温度,加入远志籽冷榨油3wt%的复合酶,复合酶为质量比为5:1的磷脂酶C和磷脂酶A1,酶解反应2h,反应结束后,停止搅拌,将整体温度升至95℃,灭酶5 min,随后通过离心机将油水分离获得脱胶油;
(4)将脱胶油按常规脱酸方法处理后即得到精制的远志籽油。
对比例1 远志籽油的制备
(1)同实施例1步骤(1);
(2)同实施例1步骤(2);
(3)同实施例1步骤(4),获得精制的远志籽油。
实施例2 sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的制备
(1)将实施例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度215℃,真空度0.5 bar,进料量1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S1;
(2)将实施例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速30 转/min,刮板温度195℃,真空度1bar,进料量0.5mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S2;
(3)将实施例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速50转/min,刮板温度235℃,真空度2 bar,进料量1 mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S3;
(4)将对比例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度215℃,真空度0.5 bar,进料量1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S4;
(5)将实施例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度185℃,真空度0.5 bar,进料量1 mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S5;
(6)将实施例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度240℃,真空度0.5 bar,进料量1 mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S6;
(7)将实施例1获得的远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度215℃,真空度2.5bar,进料量1 mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,获得油脂样品S7。
不同油脂样品的得率如表1所示:
表1 不同油脂样品的得率
上表数据说明,在分离过程中,温度和真空度是关键条件,温度过低,目标油脂的得率低;温度过高,不能获得纯的目标油脂,杂质油脂含量高;真空度过高,将会分离不出目标油脂。而在原料方面,经过脱胶的远志籽油的得率更高。
实施例3 sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的鉴定
将制备的不同油脂样品S1-S7,用毛细吸管取样,以大豆油和卫矛籽油为对照,在距离硅胶板(100×20mm)1cm处的下端划线点样,样品与样品之间间隔一定的距离。待样品干燥后,将层析板放入含有展开剂(正己烷:无水乙醚:乙酸=7:3:0.1,v/v/v)的层析缸中,当展开剂达到硅胶板上端1cm处取出。待硅胶板上的展开剂挥发后,用喷雾器将显色剂喷涂在薄层板上显色2min,在254nm紫外光灯下观察sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的位置,拍照记录,样品重复测试10次。在7个样品中只有S6样品出现了两个斑点,说明S6样品中有杂质。S2和S6的薄层色谱图如图1所示,其中,1为大豆油(甘油三酯),2为S6样品,3为S2样品,4为卫矛籽油(sn-3乙酰甘油三酯)。
将获得的目标油脂S2进行13C-NMR测定,其羰基(C1)区域结果如图2所示。图中A是从卫矛籽油中分离出的sn-3-乙酰基甘油三酯对照标品油,B是从远志籽油中分离出的目标样品油。从图4可知,A油样中检测出3个特征峰,1号、2号特征峰化学位移值约为δ173.2ppm、δ172. 65 ppm,此谱峰归属为甘油三酯中碳氧双键(C=O)的碳原子,分别为sn-1,3-脂肪酸和sn-1,2-脂肪酸,3号特征峰化学位移值约δ170.5 ppm,该谱峰归属为sn-3位的乙酰基中的碳原子,说明其分子结构显著特征是含有乙酰基;B油样中有2个特征峰检出,1号特征峰化学位移值与A一致,代表sn-1,3-脂肪酸,4号特征峰的化学位移值约δ170 ppm,与3号特征峰的乙酰基碳原子共振信号形成显著对比,进一步确定4号特征峰为sn-2位的乙酰基,即可以确定目标油脂为sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯。
将37种脂肪酸甲酯标准液和实施例1中的远志籽油和实施例2中的S2进行气相色谱分析,气相检测条件如下:
色谱柱:Agilent DB-23毛细管柱(60m×0.25mm,0.25μm),
载气:氢气;载气流量:43cm/s,恒压;
进样口温度:270℃;
柱温:130℃保持10min,130℃-170℃升温速度6.5℃/min,170℃-215℃升温速度2.75℃/min,215℃保持12min,215℃-230℃升温速度40℃/min,230℃保持3min;
检测器:FID,检测温度:280℃。
37种脂肪酸甲酯、远志籽油和sn-2-乙酰甘油三酯的气相谱图如图3-5所示。远志籽油和S2样品中脂肪酸组成和比例如表2所示。
表2 远志籽油和sn-2乙酰甘油三酯中脂肪酸的组成和比例
实施例4 产品效果
采用SD大鼠为试验对象对实施例1中分离获得的远志籽油和sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯(sn-2-acTAG)对大鼠体重增重和血常规进行测定,sn-2-acTAG分为高、中、低剂量添加进大鼠日常饲料,以大豆油为对照,同时设立空白对照组。每处理30只大鼠,雌雄各半,3个重复。试验前和试验7周后测定并记录体重,计算每周增重量(g)。试验后7周,尾静脉取血进行血常规分析。结果如表4和表5所示。
表3 试验分组
油脂添加量*:油脂占饲料总质量的百分比。
表4 七周后大鼠体重每周平均增长量
表5 七周后大鼠血常规指标
根据表3数据可知,豆油中添加20%含量的sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯即可使高油脂量饲喂大鼠的增重水平达到正常饮食大鼠的水平;而sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯在油脂中的添加量达到50-100%时,与正常饮食大鼠相比,能够显著降低高油脂量饲喂大鼠的增重,即2-乙酰基甘油三酯有明显的减脂作用。
根据表5数据可知,各剂量的sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯对大鼠血常规没有明显影响,对大鼠安全、无明显毒害作用。
实施例5 sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的制备
(1)远志种子成熟后要立即收集处理,要求所述清洗远志种子次数为3-4次;每次远志籽与水的质量为1:20,40℃低温烘干,要求最终获得的远志籽含水量在5%以下;
(2)将远志籽投入冷榨机,按照压榨温度:60-70℃;出饼温度60-70℃进行压榨,获得远志籽冷榨油;
(3)将远志籽冷榨油用酶法脱胶:柠檬酸缓冲溶液占远志籽冷榨油与质量分数的5%,调节混合液pH为4.5之间,用均质机均质混合,混合液加热温度至45℃之间持续搅拌并保持温度,按照远志籽冷榨油质量分数的3%加入复合酶,复合酶为质量比为5:1的磷脂酶C和磷脂酶A1,反应时间为2 h,反应结束后,停止搅拌,将整体温度升至95℃,灭酶5 min,随后通过离心机将油水分离获得脱胶油;
(4)将脱胶油按常规脱酸方法处理后即得到精制的远志籽油;
(5)将精制远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度215℃,真空度0.8 bar,进料量1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,即sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯,占总油量的46.7wt%。
实施例6 sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的制备
(1)远志种子成熟后要立即收集处理,要求所述清洗远志种子次数为3-4次;每次远志籽与水的质量为1:30,常温晾干,要求最终获得的远志籽含水量在5%以下;
(2)将远志籽投入冷榨机,按照压榨温度:60-70℃;出饼温度60-70℃进行压榨,获得远志籽冷榨油;
(3)将远志籽冷榨油采用酶法脱胶:柠檬酸缓冲溶液占远志籽冷榨油与质量分数的6%,调节混合液pH为5之间,用均质机均质混合,混合液加热温度至50℃之间持续搅拌并保持温度,按照远志籽冷榨油质量分数的4%加入复合酶,复合酶为质量比为5:1 的磷脂酶C和磷脂酶A1,反应时间为3h,反应结束后,停止搅拌,将整体温度升至 95℃,灭酶 10 min,随后通过离心机将油水分离获得脱胶油;
(4)将脱胶油按常规脱酸方法处理后即得到精制的远志籽油;
(5)将精制远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速40转/min,刮板温度195℃,真空度1 bar,进料量1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,即sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯,占总油量的45.4wt%。
实施例7 sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的制备
(1)远志种子成熟后要立即收集处理,要求所述清洗远志种子次数为3-4次;每次远志籽与水的质量为1:40,40℃低温烘干,要求最终获得的远志籽含水量在5%以下;
(2)将远志籽投入冷榨机,按照压榨温度:60-70℃;出饼温度60-70℃进行压榨,获得远志籽冷榨油;
(3)将远志籽冷榨油采用酶法脱胶:柠檬酸缓冲溶液占远志籽冷榨油与质量分数的8%,调节混合液pH为5.5之间,用均质机均质混合,混合液加热温度至55℃之间持续搅拌并保持温度,按照远志籽冷榨油质量分数的5%加入复合酶,复合酶为质量比为5:1的磷脂酶C和磷脂酶A1,反应时间为5h,反应结束后,停止搅拌,将整体温度升至95℃,灭酶10 min,随后通过离心机将油水分离获得脱胶油;
(4)将脱胶油按常规脱酸方法处理后即得到精制的远志籽油;
(5)将精制远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,参数设置如下:刮板转速30转/min,刮板温度215℃,真空度1.5 bar,进料量1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,即sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯,占总油量的41.6wt%。
Claims (10)
1.一种sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将远志籽油,加入分子蒸馏设备中,要求刮板转速30-50转/min,刮板温度195℃-235℃,真空度0.5-2mto,进料量0.5-1mL/min,收集轻组分瓶内的油脂,即为sn-2-乙酰基甘油三酯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述远志籽油为冷榨工艺或溶剂提取的远志籽油。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述远志籽油的制备方法如下:
(1)将远志籽清洗后干燥,然后冷榨,获得远志籽冷榨油;
(2)将步骤(1)中获得的远志籽冷榨油精制,获得远志籽油。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述清洗次数为3-4次;每次远志籽与水的质量为1:20-40;所述干燥标准为远志籽含水量不大于5%。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述精制至少包括脱胶步骤;优选为酶法脱胶。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,脱胶步骤包括以下步骤:将远志籽冷榨油以缓冲液调节pH,加热后加入复合酶进行反应,然后分离获得远志籽油。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述pH为4.5- 5.5;加热温度为45-55℃;反应时间为2-3h;所述缓冲液占冷榨油的质量分数为5-8%。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述复合酶为质量比为4:1的磷脂酶C和磷脂酶A2;所述磷脂酶C酶活为不小于30U/mg;所述磷脂酶A2的酶活为200-220U/mg;所述复合酶的添加量为冷榨油质量的3-5%。
9.根据权利要求3所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述精制还包括脱酸步骤;所述脱酸方法选自碱炼脱酸、蒸馏脱酸、溶剂萃取脱酸或酯化脱酸。
10.一种如权利要求1-9任一所述方法获得的乙酰基甘油三酯及其作为食品添加剂中的应用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911233800.7A CN110964596A (zh) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | 一种乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911233800.7A CN110964596A (zh) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | 一种乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN110964596A true CN110964596A (zh) | 2020-04-07 |
Family
ID=70033053
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201911233800.7A Pending CN110964596A (zh) | 2019-12-05 | 2019-12-05 | 一种乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN110964596A (zh) |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101663382A (zh) * | 2007-01-30 | 2010-03-03 | 邦奇油类公司 | 使用pla和plc磷脂酶混合物进行的酶法脱胶 |
CN108085131A (zh) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-29 | 无锡德合食品科技有限公司 | 低温技术集成制备高品质菜籽油的方法 |
-
2019
- 2019-12-05 CN CN201911233800.7A patent/CN110964596A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101663382A (zh) * | 2007-01-30 | 2010-03-03 | 邦奇油类公司 | 使用pla和plc磷脂酶混合物进行的酶法脱胶 |
CN108085131A (zh) * | 2017-12-25 | 2018-05-29 | 无锡德合食品科技有限公司 | 低温技术集成制备高品质菜籽油的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
MARK A. SMITH, ET AL.: "2-Acetyl-1,3-Diacyl-sn-Glycerols with Unusual Acyl Composition in Seed Oils of the Genus Polygala", 《EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF LIPID SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY》 * |
曹昱: "新型结构脂的酶法制备与功能特性研究", 《中国优秀博士学位论文全文数据库电子期刊》 * |
沙希迪: "《贝雷油脂化学与工艺学:第6版.第3卷.食用油脂产品:特种油脂与油脂产品》", 30 September 2016 * |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN107326050A (zh) | 一种中链和中长链混合甘油二酯的纯化方法 | |
CA3121450C (en) | A composition containing an highly unsaturated fatty acid or alkyl ester thereof and a method for producing the same | |
US20240130993A1 (en) | DHA Enriched Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Compositions | |
CN107954969B (zh) | 高质量维生素e的提取工艺 | |
CN102326633A (zh) | 一种以耐盐蔬菜菜籽为原料制备高亚油酸比例食用油的方法 | |
JP7489332B2 (ja) | Alaを濃縮した多価不飽和脂肪酸組成物 | |
CN110964596A (zh) | 一种乙酰基甘油三酯的制备方法 | |
CN114574280B (zh) | 高含量多不饱和脂肪酸油脂的制备方法 | |
TWI706727B (zh) | 基於植物之脂質組合物、包括該組合物之類藥劑營養品組合物、包括該組合物之食品、以及用於產生該組合物之方法 | |
EP3586641A1 (en) | Dha enriched polyunsaturated fatty acid compositions | |
KR20200102372A (ko) | 초임계 이산화탄소 분획 추출을 이용하여 참깨박으로부터 리그난 농축물 생산방법 | |
CN110981729A (zh) | 一种乙酰基甘油三酯的分离方法 | |
CN114916588B (zh) | 利用酶法酯交换技术制备新型油脂 | |
Xu et al. | Comparison of physicochemical characteristics of Acer truncatum seed oil based on three extraction methods. | |
CN114790410A (zh) | 阿魏酸甲酯、植物甾醇、脂肪酸及脂肪酸甲酯的联产系统及工艺 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200407 |