CN110963764A - Waterproof concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Waterproof concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110963764A CN110963764A CN201911358491.6A CN201911358491A CN110963764A CN 110963764 A CN110963764 A CN 110963764A CN 201911358491 A CN201911358491 A CN 201911358491A CN 110963764 A CN110963764 A CN 110963764A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses waterproof concrete and a preparation method thereof, and the technical scheme is that the waterproof concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 350 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 700 parts of coarse aggregate, 900 parts of admixture, 120 parts of admixture, 8-10 parts of admixture, 25-30 parts of waterproof agent and 150 parts of water, 130; the waterproof agent is prepared by adopting the following method: taking 40-60 parts by weight of modified basalt fiber and 5-7 parts by weight of disproportionated potassium rosinate, uniformly stirring, adding 30-40 parts by weight of UEA expanding agent, 3-5 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 3-5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the waterproof agent. The concrete has excellent waterproof, anti-permeability and acid corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to waterproof concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is generally formed by mixing and curing a cementing material, aggregate, water and an additive, and after ordinary concrete is cured and formed, the concrete is subjected to water seepage to influence the service life of the concrete under external factors such as water pressure and the like due to micro cracks and capillary effect of the concrete, so that specific waterproof concrete is required for underwater engineering. The waterproof concrete is concrete with impermeability grade greater than or equal to P6 grade, and is mainly used for underground engineering of industrial and civil buildings. According to the preparation method, the method can be divided into four types: improving the waterproof concrete of the grading method, increasing the cement consumption and using the common waterproof concrete of the ultrafine powder filler, the waterproof concrete of the admixture and the concrete of the expanding agent. A large amount of waterproof concrete is also available on the market today.
In the prior art, a patent application publication No. CN109608147A discloses a waterproof concrete and a ground waterproof construction method, wherein the concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight: 400 portions and 450 portions of cementing material; 1000 portions of fine aggregate and 1100 portions of fine aggregate; 900 portions of coarse aggregate; 150 portions of water and 170 portions of water; 8-11 parts of an additive; 90-100 parts of fly ash; 45-60 parts of aluminum sulfate; 12-15 parts of polyacrylamide; the cementing material is formed by mixing Portland cement and phosphogypsum in a weight ratio of (2-10) to 1. In the prior art, a patent application publication No. CN108249852A discloses an ultra-high performance underground waterproof concrete material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 portions and 120 portions of Portland cement; 60-80 parts of coarse aggregate sand particles; 40-60 parts of fine aggregate ceramic particles; 20-40 parts of superfine ceramic particles; 15-25 parts of a fiber additive; 8-12 parts of a waterproof agent.
The existing concrete formula only considers how to improve the waterproof and anti-permeability performance of the concrete, but considers the corrosive influence of the actual use environment on the concrete. Under the fresh water environment, plants such as moss can easily grow on a damp concrete building with a shady back, and when moss spores are adhered to the damp concrete, roots of the moss spores can secrete trace hydrogen ions to convert metal ions in minerals as nutrients for the moss to grow; however, in the hydrogen ion conversion process, organic matters generate carbonic acid, humic acid and various organic acids to generate acid corrosion on the surface of the concrete member, and therefore, a concrete with good waterproof and anti-permeability performance and acid corrosion resistance is required.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a waterproof concrete which is excellent in water-resistance, impermeability and resistance to acid corrosion.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the waterproof concrete comprises the following components in parts by weight:
350 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 700 parts of coarse aggregate, 900 parts of admixture, 120 parts of admixture, 8-10 parts of admixture, 25-30 parts of waterproof agent and 150 parts of water, 130; the waterproof agent is prepared by adopting the following method: taking 40-60 parts by weight of modified basalt fiber and 5-7 parts by weight of disproportionated potassium rosinate, uniformly stirring, adding 30-40 parts by weight of UEA expanding agent, 3-5 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 3-5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the waterproof agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the basalt fiber is a continuous fiber drawn from natural basalt, has very high strength and corrosion resistance, the UEA expanding agent takes aluminum sulfate, aluminum oxide, aluminum potassium sulfate and the like as main multiple expansion sources, anhydrous aluminum calcium sulfate is mainly taken as the expansion source in the early stage, alunite is mainly taken as the expansion source in the middle stage, and the stable expansion effect is achieved; the modified basalt fiber is matched with the aggregate, a relatively stable framework can be built, the UEA expanding agent can expand to fill the micro cracks when the concrete shrinks to cause the micro cracks, and the UEA expanding agent can be prevented from over-expansion under the framework built by the modified basalt fiber and the aggregate.
① soaking the basalt fiber in alkali liquor for 1-2h, taking out the basalt fiber, washing the basalt fiber with water to be neutral, drying to obtain pretreated basalt fiber, ② taking 20-30 parts of pretreated basalt fiber and 50-100 parts of ethanol solution in parts by weight, stirring for 5-10min, adding 4-6 parts of modifier, heating to 140-.
By adopting the technical scheme, although the basalt fiber has high strength and corrosion resistance, the surface of the basalt fiber is smooth, the workability of fiber concrete can be improved, the bonding property of the basalt fiber and concrete mixture can be reduced, and the roughness of the surface of the fiber can be effectively improved and the bonding property of the basalt fiber and the concrete mixture can be improved by treating the surface of the basalt fiber; and after modification treatment, the surface roughness of the basalt fiber is improved, and meanwhile, the workability is not reduced, so that the balance between the workability and the bonding performance is considered.
Further, the modifier is formed by grinding calcined stone powder and a silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the modifier formed by grinding the calcined stone powder and the silane coupling agent is used for modifying the basalt fiber, the basalt fiber modifier has the balance of workability and bonding property, the workability of the concrete mixture is not influenced, the dispersibility of the basalt fiber in the concrete mixture is improved, and the bonding property of the modified basalt fiber and the concrete mixture is improved.
Further, the calcined stone powder is prepared by the following method: taking kaolinite and wollastonite in a weight ratio of 3:1, and crushing and sieving the kaolinite and the wollastonite to obtain mixed stone powder; calcining the mixed stone powder at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ for 1-2h, then heating to the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃ for 4-6h, and cooling to obtain calcined stone powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the kaolinite is aluminate ore, the wollastonite is fibrous and needle-shaped silicate ore, the kaolinite can be gradually subjected to mullite reaction at the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃, the wollastonite can be converted into pseudo-wollastonite and releases iron ions, the obtained calcined stone powder has a large specific surface area, the iron ions in the ore interact with the silicon dioxide, the modification efficiency of the basalt fiber can be improved, the surface roughness of the basalt fiber can be improved, and the mechanical properties of the ore, such as the compressive strength and the like, can also be improved under the high-temperature condition.
Further, the fine aggregate is formed by mixing ceramic sand and river sand in a weight ratio of 3: 1; the coarse aggregate is formed by mixing natural macadam and ceramsite according to the weight ratio of 1: 3.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ceramsite is generally 5-20mm in particle size, the ceramic sand is less than 5mm in particle size, compared with common crushed stone and river sand, the ceramsite and the ceramic sand have the characteristics of low water absorption, good impermeability and excellent acid and alkali resistance, and the ceramsite and the ceramic sand are adopted to replace part of natural crushed stone and river sand respectively to serve as concrete aggregates, so that the impermeability and the acid corrosion resistance of the concrete can be further improved.
Further, the fineness modulus of the ceramic sand is 3.2-3.5; the river sand is medium sand in a zone II with fineness modulus of 2.5-2.7.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ceramic sand with the fineness modulus of 3.2-3.5 belongs to coarse sand, and sand particles in the area II are round, smooth, good in particle shape and better in workability with concrete mixture; the fine aggregate of the concrete is prepared by mixing the ceramic sand with different particle sizes and the medium sand, and can be filled into the aggregate built by the broken stones, so that the pores of the concrete are reduced, and the compressive strength of the concrete is improved.
Further, the natural macadam is basalt macadam with 5-20mm of grain size in continuous gradation.
By adopting the technical scheme, the basalt has the advantages of good compression and bending resistance and low water absorption, and the basalt macadam in continuous grading can be stacked to form a densely-filled lap joint framework so as to improve the compressive strength of concrete; through the cooperation with sand and admixture, the compactness of the concrete can be improved, and the impermeability of the concrete can be improved.
Further, the admixture is formed by mixing fly ash, slag powder and silica fume in a weight ratio of 2:1: 1.
By adopting the technical scheme, the workability of the concrete mixture can be improved by adding the fly ash, the slag powder and the silica fume, the using amount of the cement can be reduced, and the hydration heat of the cement can be reduced, so that the microcracks of the concrete caused by the hydration heat can be reduced, the admixture can be filled into the pores of cement particles, and simultaneously, the admixture and a hydration product form a gel so as to improve the compression resistance, the folding resistance and the impermeability of the concrete.
Further, the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent can reduce the water consumption, reduce the using amount of cement, has the functions of adsorption dispersion, wetting and lubrication, and can improve the workability of concrete.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the waterproof concrete.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of waterproof concrete comprises the following steps: the cement, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate, the admixture, the additive, the waterproof agent and the water are uniformly mixed.
In summary, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the modified basalt fiber is matched with the aggregate, a relatively stable framework can be built, the UEA expanding agent can expand to fill the micro cracks when the concrete shrinks to cause the micro cracks, and the UEA expanding agent can be prevented from over-expansion under the framework built by the modified basalt fiber and the aggregate;
2. although the basalt fiber has high strength and corrosion resistance, the surface of the basalt fiber is smooth, although the workability of fiber concrete can be improved, the bonding property of the basalt fiber and concrete mixture can be reduced, and the surface of the basalt fiber can be treated to effectively improve the roughness of the fiber surface and improve the bonding property of the basalt fiber and concrete mixture; after modification treatment, the surface roughness of the basalt fiber is improved, and simultaneously, the workability is not reduced, so that the balance of the workability and the bonding performance is considered; when the modifier formed by grinding the calcined stone powder and the silane coupling agent is used for modifying the basalt fiber, the basalt fiber can have the balance of the workability and the adhesive property, the workability of the concrete mixture is not influenced, the dispersibility of the basalt fiber in the concrete mixture is improved, and the adhesive property of the modified basalt fiber and the concrete mixture is improved; kaolinite is aluminate ore, wollastonite is fibrous and acicular silicate ore, the calcination is carried out at the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃, the kaolinite can gradually carry out mullite reaction, the wollastonite can be converted into pseudo-wollastonite, and iron ions are released, the obtained calcined stone powder has larger specific surface area, the iron ions in the ore interact with silicon dioxide, the modification efficiency of the ore on basalt fiber can be improved, the surface roughness of the basalt fiber can be improved, and the mechanical properties of the ore, such as compressive strength and the like, can also be improved under the high-temperature condition;
3. the ceramsite is generally 5-20mm in particle size, the ceramic sand is less than 5mm in particle size, compared with common crushed stone and river sand, the ceramsite and the ceramic sand have the characteristics of low water absorption, good impermeability and excellent acid and alkali resistance, and the ceramsite and the ceramic sand are adopted to replace part of natural crushed stone and river sand respectively to serve as concrete aggregates, so that the impermeability and the acid corrosion resistance of the concrete can be further improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below.
Preparation examples of modified basalt fiber the basalt fiber in the following preparation examples is selected from basalt fiber provided by gallery positive thermal insulation material limited, and has the tensile strength of 2500-; the silane coupling agent is selected from KH-5503-aminopropyltriethoxysilane provided by Nanjing Xinde New Material technology, Inc.
① preparation example of modified basalt fiber the pretreatment of which is to place the basalt fiber in 10 wt% sodium hydroxide solution to be soaked for 1h, then take out the basalt fiber and wash the basalt fiber with water to be neutral, and obtain the pretreated basalt fiber after drying;
② preparing calcined stone powder, pulverizing kaolinite and wollastonite in a weight ratio of 3:1, grinding, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed stone powder, placing the mixed stone powder in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 500 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, calcining for 1h, heating to 1200 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, calcining for 4h, and cooling to obtain calcined stone powder;
③ preparing a modifier, namely grinding the calcined stone powder and the silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50:1 to obtain the modifier;
④ taking 20kg of pretreated basalt fiber and 50kg of ethanol solution with volume fraction of 50%, stirring for 5-10min, adding 4kg of modifier, heating to 140 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 3h, cooling to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature and standing for 12h, and drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
① preparation example of modified basalt fiber the pretreatment of which is to place the basalt fiber in 10 wt% sodium hydroxide solution to be soaked for 1.5h, then take out the basalt fiber and wash the basalt fiber with water to be neutral, and obtain the pretreated basalt fiber after drying;
② preparing calcined stone powder, pulverizing kaolinite and wollastonite in a weight ratio of 3:1, grinding, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed stone powder, placing the mixed stone powder in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 550 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, calcining for 1.5h, heating to 1250 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, calcining for 5h, and cooling to obtain calcined stone powder;
③ preparing a modifier, namely grinding the calcined stone powder and the silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50:1 to obtain the modifier;
④ taking 25kg of pretreated basalt fiber and 75kg of ethanol solution with volume fraction of 50%, stirring for 7.5min, adding 5kg of modifier, heating to 150 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 4h, cooling to 55 ℃, keeping the temperature and standing for 14h, and drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
① preparation example of modified basalt fiber, namely, pretreating basalt fiber, soaking the basalt fiber in 10 wt% of sodium hydroxide solution for 2 hours, taking out the basalt fiber, washing the basalt fiber with water to be neutral, and drying the basalt fiber to obtain pretreated basalt fiber;
② preparing calcined stone powder, pulverizing kaolinite and wollastonite in a weight ratio of 3:1, grinding, sieving with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed stone powder, placing the mixed stone powder in a high-temperature furnace, heating to 600 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, calcining for 2h, heating to 1300 ℃ at a speed of 10 ℃/min, calcining for 6h, and cooling to obtain calcined stone powder;
③ preparing a modifier, namely grinding the calcined stone powder and the silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50:1 to obtain the modifier;
④ taking 30kg of pretreated basalt fiber and 100kg of ethanol solution with volume fraction of 50%, stirring for 10min, adding 6kg of modifier, heating to 160 ℃, keeping the temperature, stirring for 5h, cooling to 60 ℃, keeping the temperature, standing for 16h, and drying to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
Preparation example 4 of modified basalt fiber: the present production example is different from production example 1 of modified basalt fiber in that the modifier uses general silica instead of calcined stone powder.
Preparation example 5 of modified basalt fiber: the preparation example is different from the preparation example 1 of the modified basalt fiber in that the kaolinite and the wollastonite are not calcined, and the kaolinite and the wollastonite with the weight ratio of 3:1 are crushed and ground to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed stone powder; the modifier is formed by grinding mixed stone powder and a silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50: 1.
Preparation examples of the waterproofing agent the UEA swelling agent in the following preparation examples is selected from UEA swelling agents of J-P6, available from new building materials ltd, jinbangde, shandong; the sodium dodecyl sulfonate is selected from sodium dodecyl sulfonate LAS-30 provided by Nanjing New copper washing products, Inc.
Preparation example 1 of water repellent agent: 40kg of modified basalt fiber (selected from preparation example 1 of modified basalt fiber) and 5kg of disproportionated potassium abietate are taken, uniformly stirred, added with 30kg of UEA expanding agent, 3kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 3kg of ferrous sulfate, and uniformly stirred to obtain the waterproof agent.
Preparation example 2 of a water repellent agent: 50kg of modified basalt fiber (selected from preparation example 2 of the modified basalt fiber) and 6kg of disproportionated potassium abietate are taken, uniformly stirred, added with 35kg of UEA expanding agent, 4kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 4kg of ferrous sulfate, and uniformly stirred to obtain the waterproof agent.
Preparation example 3 of a water repellent agent: 60kg of modified basalt fiber (selected from preparation example 3 of the modified basalt fiber) and 7kg of disproportionated potassium abietate are taken, uniformly stirred, added with 40kg of UEA expanding agent, 5kg of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 5kg of ferrous sulfate, and uniformly stirred to obtain the waterproof agent.
Preparation example 4 of a water repellent agent: the difference between the preparation example and the preparation example 1 is that ordinary unmodified basalt fiber is used instead of modified basalt fiber.
Preparation example 5 of a water repellent agent: the present production example was different from production example 1 in that the modified basalt fiber was selected from the production example 4 of modified basalt fiber.
Preparation example 6 of a water repellent agent: this production example is different from production example 1 in that the modified basalt fiber is selected from the production example 5 of modified basalt fiber.
Preparation example 7 of a water repellent agent: the difference between this preparation example and preparation example 1 is that potassium disproportionated rosin acid, sodium dodecyl sulfate and ferrous sulfate were not added to the raw materials.
Examples the cement in the following examples was selected from the group consisting of portland cement of midrange p.o42.5; the fine aggregate is formed by mixing ceramic sand and river sand in a weight ratio of 3: 1; the coarse aggregate is formed by mixing natural macadam and ceramsite according to the weight ratio of 1: 3; the fineness modulus of the pottery sand is 3.2-3.5; river sand is medium sand in zone II with fineness modulus of 2.5-2.7; the natural macadam is basalt macadam with the grain size of 5-20mm in continuous gradation; the admixture is formed by mixing fly ash, slag powder and silica fume in a weight ratio of 2:1: 1; the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducer, and the water reducer is selected from a polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer with the model number TX-11 provided by Shanghai Henry chemical Limited company.
Example 1: the waterproof concrete is prepared by adopting the following method:
300kg of cement, 600kg of fine aggregate, 900kg of coarse aggregate, 100kg of admixture, 8kg of additive, 25kg of water repellent (selected from preparation example 1 of the water repellent) and 130kg of water are taken and uniformly stirred.
Example 2: the waterproof concrete is prepared by adopting the following method:
325kg of cement, 650kg of fine aggregate, 950kg of coarse aggregate, 110kg of admixture, 9kg of additive, 27.5kg of water repellent (selected from preparation example 2 of the water repellent) and 140kg of water are taken and uniformly stirred.
Example 3: the waterproof concrete is prepared by adopting the following method:
350kg of cement, 700kg of fine aggregate, 1000kg of coarse aggregate, 120kg of admixture, 10kg of additive, 30kg of waterproofing agent (selected from preparation example 3 of the waterproofing agent) and 150kg of water are taken and uniformly stirred.
Fourth, comparative example
Comparative example 1: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that no water repellent was added to the raw materials.
Comparative example 2: this comparative example is different from example 1 in that the water repellent was selected from the group consisting of those prepared in preparation example 4.
Comparative example 3: this comparative example is different from example 1 in that a water repellent was selected from the group consisting of those prepared in preparation example 5.
Comparative example 4: this comparative example is different from example 1 in that a water repellent was selected from those prepared in preparation example 6.
Comparative example 5: this comparative example is different from example 1 in that a water repellent was selected from the group consisting of those prepared in preparation example 7.
Comparative example 6: the comparative example is different from example 1 in that fine aggregate is river sand and coarse aggregate is natural crushed stone.
Fifth, performance test
The concrete is prepared by adopting the methods of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 respectively, and slump, compressive strength, chloride ion diffusion coefficient, water seepage depth and seepage pressure of the concrete are tested according to GB/T50081-2016 (Standard for testing mechanical Properties of ordinary concrete) and GB/T50082-2009 (Standard for testing Long-term Properties and durability of ordinary concrete); method for acid corrosion resistance test reference to sulfate attack resistance test in GB/T50082-2009, whichThe reagent used in (1) is 5X 10-7Using a mol/L dilute sulfuric acid solution, after soaking the test block, washing dust on the surface of the test block by using water, drying, weighing the weight of the test block before and after soaking, wherein the acid corrosion resistance coefficient is equal to the weight of the test block after soaking/the weight of the test block before soaking, and the weight loss condition of the test block under an acidic environment is standardized by using the acid corrosion resistance coefficient; the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The slump can be used for representing the workability of concrete, the higher the slump is, the better the workability of the concrete is, and the data in the table 1 show that the waterproof concrete prepared by the invention has good workability, excellent compressive strength, excellent impermeability, acid corrosion resistance and excellent sulfate corrosion resistance.
The raw materials of comparative example 1 were not added with a water repellent; compared with example 1, the concrete in comparative example 1 has obviously reduced compressive strength, impermeability, acid corrosion resistance and sulfate corrosion resistance, which shows that the addition of the waterproofing agent can obviously improve the waterproofing performance and acid corrosion resistance of the concrete.
The waterproofing agent of comparative example 2 was prepared from preparation example 4 of the waterproofing agent, in which ordinary unmodified basalt fiber was used in place of the modified basalt fiber; compared with the example 1, the compressive strength, the impermeability, the acid corrosion resistance and the sulfate corrosion resistance of the comparative example 2 are reduced, which shows that the workability of the concrete mixture is not reduced after the basalt fiber is modified, and the bonding property between the basalt fiber and the concrete mixture is improved by improving the roughness of the fiber surface, so that the overall performance of the concrete is improved.
The waterproof agent of comparative example 3 was prepared from preparation example 5 of a waterproof agent, and the modified basalt fiber was prepared from preparation example 4 of a modified basalt fiber, in which the modifier used in the preparation of the modified basalt fiber was ordinary silica instead of calcined stone powder; the waterproof agent of the comparative example 4 is prepared by the preparation example 6 of the waterproof agent, the modified basalt fiber is prepared by the preparation example 5 of the modified basalt fiber, the kaolinite and the wollastonite in the preparation process of the modified basalt fiber are not calcined, and the kaolinite and the wollastonite with the weight ratio of 3:1 are crushed and ground to pass through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed stone powder; the modifier is formed by grinding mixed stone powder and a silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50: 1. The comparison among the examples 1, 3 and 4 shows that the compressive strength, the impermeability, the acid corrosion resistance and the sulfate corrosion resistance of the comparative examples 3 and 4 are reduced, and the result shows that the workability of the concrete mixture is not reduced and the bonding property between the concrete mixture and the basalt fiber is improved by improving the roughness of the fiber surface after the basalt fiber is modified by using the calcined stone powder obtained by calcining the kaolinite and the wollastonite, so that the overall performance of the concrete is improved.
The waterproofing agent of comparative example 5 was selected from the waterproofing agents prepared in preparation example 7, in which potassium disproportionated rosin acid, sodium dodecylsulfate and ferrous sulfate were not added; compared with example 1, the concrete of comparative example 5 has reduced impermeability, acid corrosion resistance and sulfate corrosion resistance, which shows that the addition of disproportionated potassium rosinate, sodium dodecyl sulfate and ferrous sulfate can significantly improve the impermeability, acid corrosion resistance and sulfate corrosion resistance of the concrete.
The fine aggregate of comparative example 6 was all river sand, and the coarse aggregate was all natural crushed stone; compared with example 1, the compressive strength of comparative example 6 is reduced, and the impermeability and the acid corrosion resistance are obviously reduced, which shows that the impermeability and the acid corrosion resistance of the concrete can be improved by adding the ceramsite and the ceramic sand.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A waterproof concrete is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
350 parts of cement, 600 parts of fine aggregate, 700 parts of coarse aggregate, 900 parts of admixture, 120 parts of admixture, 8-10 parts of admixture, 25-30 parts of waterproof agent and 150 parts of water, 130;
the waterproof agent is prepared by adopting the following method: taking 40-60 parts by weight of modified basalt fiber and 5-7 parts by weight of disproportionated potassium rosinate, uniformly stirring, adding 30-40 parts by weight of UEA expanding agent, 3-5 parts by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfate and 3-5 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, and uniformly stirring to obtain the waterproof agent.
2. The waterproof concrete as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified basalt fiber is prepared by the method comprising the steps of ①, soaking the basalt fiber in an alkali liquor for 1-2 hours, taking out the basalt fiber, washing the basalt fiber with water to be neutral, drying the basalt fiber to obtain a pretreated basalt fiber, ②, stirring 20-30 parts of the pretreated basalt fiber and 50-100 parts of an ethanol solution for 5-10 minutes, adding 4-6 parts of a modifier, heating to 140-160 ℃, stirring for 3-5 hours while maintaining the temperature, cooling to 50-60 ℃, standing for 12-16 hours while maintaining the temperature, and drying the basalt fiber to obtain the modified basalt fiber.
3. The waterproof concrete according to claim 2, wherein: the modifier is formed by grinding calcined stone powder and a silane coupling agent in a weight ratio of 50: 1.
4. A water resistant concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the calcined stone powder is prepared by the following method: taking kaolinite and wollastonite in a weight ratio of 3:1, and crushing and sieving the kaolinite and the wollastonite to obtain mixed stone powder; calcining the mixed stone powder at the temperature of 500-600 ℃ for 1-2h, then heating to the temperature of 1200-1300 ℃ for 4-6h, and cooling to obtain calcined stone powder.
5. The waterproof concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the fine aggregate is formed by mixing pottery sand and river sand in a weight ratio of 3: 1; the coarse aggregate is formed by mixing natural macadam and ceramsite according to the weight ratio of 1: 3.
6. The waterproof concrete according to claim 5, wherein: the fineness modulus of the ceramic sand is 3.2-3.5; the river sand is medium sand in a zone II with fineness modulus of 2.5-2.7.
7. The waterproof concrete according to claim 5, wherein: the natural macadam is basalt macadam with the grain size of 5-20mm in continuous gradation.
8. The waterproof concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the admixture is formed by mixing fly ash, slag powder and silica fume in a weight ratio of 2:1: 1.
9. The waterproof concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the additive is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
10. A method for preparing the waterproof concrete according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the cement, the fine aggregate, the coarse aggregate, the admixture, the additive, the waterproof agent and the water are uniformly mixed.
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