CN110963676A - Crowded silk photocuring and sintering forming's glass 3D printing device - Google Patents
Crowded silk photocuring and sintering forming's glass 3D printing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110963676A CN110963676A CN201911170303.7A CN201911170303A CN110963676A CN 110963676 A CN110963676 A CN 110963676A CN 201911170303 A CN201911170303 A CN 201911170303A CN 110963676 A CN110963676 A CN 110963676A
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- photocuring
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000016 photochemical curing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011858 nanopowder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
- C03B19/06—Other methods of shaping glass by sintering, e.g. by cold isostatic pressing of powders and subsequent sintering, by hot pressing of powders, by sintering slurries or dispersions not undergoing a liquid phase reaction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B19/00—Other methods of shaping glass
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/50—Glass production, e.g. reusing waste heat during processing or shaping
- Y02P40/57—Improving the yield, e-g- reduction of reject rates
Abstract
The invention relates to a 3D printing device and method for extruded filament photocuring and sintering molding glass, and belongs to the field of industrial design and 3D manufacturing of glass materials. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the raw materials by using an ultrasonic oscillator; semi-curing the low-viscosity raw material by adopting a tubular 405nm wavelength ultraviolet LED lamp; controlling the extrusion speed of the high-viscosity raw material through air pressure, and performing secondary curing by adopting an annular 405nm wavelength ultraviolet LED lamp; and continuously drying, degreasing and sintering the cured formed body to obtain the formed glass body. The apparatus comprises: the printing equipment is used for preparing and forming raw materials; and the sintering equipment is used for sintering and molding the glass body. The invention discloses a 3D printing device and a method, and provides a rapid manufacturing technology and an executable device for a complex-shaped glass body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photocuring three-dimensional forming, in particular to a method and a device for 3D printing and sintering of extruded photocuring formed glass.
Background
The glass material is used as an important component in many fields such as modern information display, new energy, aerospace and the like, and the requirements of the fields on the performance, components and manufacturing technology of glass are higher and higher, so that the research of modern glass materials needs high cooperation of multiple subjects and multiple technologies. The traditional glass production process is to heat raw materials such as silicate at high temperature to form uniform bubble-free glass liquid, and then to manually or mechanically form the glass liquid and finally to anneal the glass liquid to obtain the glass product. Due to the inaccuracy of manual operation and higher requirement on professional workers, the glass yield is lower; the quality and efficiency of mechanical production can be guaranteed, but the cost is high, and small-batch customized products cannot be met. In recent years, the 3D printing technology gradually moves from the research field to industrial production and even daily life with the advantages of high material utilization rate, convenience and rapidness of devices, high flexibility, high efficiency, low cost, and the like.
At present, the 3D printing is mainly made of materials which can be bonded, such as metal, resin, plastic, ceramic and the like, glass materials are high in melting point, the liquid glass needs to be subjected to heat preservation, annealing and the like in solidification forming, the temperature needs to be accurately controlled to avoid explosion, and therefore the processing difficulty is high. The traditional 3D printer, such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), uses glass fuses to accumulate and print a glass body layer by layer, needs to be heated continuously to ensure that the glass is in a molten state, the glass fuses cannot be interrupted, so that the shape of the printed glass body is limited, and meanwhile, the printed glass body has low precision and uneven surface; selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM) adopts laser to sinter or melt and mold glass powder layer by layer, a printed glass body is loose, porous and opaque, and the distribution of interlayer stress is not uniform; the printing speed of stereolithography (such as SLA/DLP) is low, the printing effect is influenced by the concentration of silicon dioxide powder in resin, the resin has poor fluidity when the concentration is high, the stereolithography cannot be accurately molded, and the shrinkage rate of the glass body before and after sintering is high when the concentration is low. Therefore, the application of 3D printing technology to the manufacture of glass devices has certain limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a 3D printing method and equipment of extruded filament photocuring glass aiming at the defects of the existing 3D printer in the glass material manufacturing, and simultaneously the invention also comprises a glass sintering device, wherein the printed glass body is directly transferred to the side for drying and sintering, so that the batch manufacturing of glass products is realized.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A3D printing method for extruded wire photocuring and sintering formed glass comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing photosensitive resin and silicon dioxide powder to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) conveying the mixture from the liquid storage tank to a storage module at a constant speed through a flow controller, and simultaneously applying ultraviolet light in the conveying process to semi-solidify the mixture;
(3) extruding the semi-cured mixture in the storage module to a printing nozzle, and realizing secondary curing by an ultraviolet lamp on the nozzle;
(4) and transferring the printed formed body to a nearby box body for drying, degreasing and sintering to finally obtain a glass finished product.
A3D printing device for extruded filament photocuring and sintering molding glass, comprising:
(1) the printing equipment is used for preparing raw materials and printing and forming;
(2) and the sintering equipment is used for drying, degreasing and sintering the printing body.
Compared with the existing 3D printing equipment on the market, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
compared with the traditional FDM printer, the mixture of photosensitive resin and silicon dioxide powder is extruded without using molten liquid glass, and the ultraviolet light is used for curing twice, so that the problem of temperature control in the forming process is solved, and meanwhile, the extrusion speed and the extrusion amount are controlled by air pressure, so that the printing precision can be effectively improved; compared with SLS and SLM printers, high-energy laser is not needed as a light source, and the equipment cost is low; compared with SLA and DLP printers, the printing speed is obviously improved. The forming equipment and the sintering equipment are integrated, so that the whole operation time of manufacturing the glass body is reduced, and the batch production is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the tubular UV lamp of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the annular UV lamp of FIG. 2;
in the figure: the device comprises a machine body 1, a flow controller 2, a tubular ultraviolet lamp 3, an ultrasonic oscillation liquid storage tank 4, a pneumatic pump 5, a liquid storage tank 6, a check valve 7, a box cover 8, a spray head 9, a circular ultraviolet lamp 10, a crucible base plate 11, a sliding module I12, a transverse sliding rod 13, a heat insulation cabin door 14, a muffle furnace 15, a sliding module II 16, a longitudinal sliding rod 17, a sliding module III 18, a lifting platform 19, a heat insulation plate 20 and a guide pipe 21.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, organism 1 is a confined quick-witted case, for guaranteeing to print the in-process and do not have external light source interference, environmental humidity and dust influence when avoiding the sintering simultaneously, organism 1 is divided into by adiabatic hatch door 14 and prints cabin and sintering cabin, ultrasonic oscillation liquid storage tank 4 and pneumatic pump 5 are installed to organism 1's printing cabin top, there is lid 8 at ultrasonic oscillation liquid storage tank 4 top, and open the bottom has the aperture and connect flow controller 2 through pipe 21, the outside cover of pipe 21 between flow controller 2 and the liquid storage pot 6 has tubulose ultraviolet lamp 3, check valve 7 is installed to the feed inlet department of liquid storage pot 6, elevating platform 19 top is provided with heat-insulating shield 20, be provided with crucible base plate 11 on the heat-insulating shield 20, the muffle furnace 15 is installed at organism 1's sintering cabin top.
As shown in fig. 2, the shower head 9 is provided with two sliding modules three 18 and mounted on two longitudinal sliding rods 17, two sliding modules two 16 are respectively mounted at two ends of the longitudinal sliding rods 17 and mounted on the transverse sliding rod 13, and the annular ultraviolet lamp 10 is mounted at a position of the shower head 9 close to the nozzle.
As shown in fig. 3, two sliding modules one 12 are mounted at the bottom of the lifting platform 19 and loaded on the transverse sliding rods 13.
As shown in fig. 4, the tubular ultraviolet lamp is wrapped by black opaque material at the outer side, and LED ultraviolet lamp beads are uniformly distributed at the inner side.
As shown in fig. 5, the inner ring cavity of the annular ultraviolet lamp is used for installing a nozzle, and the outer ring is composed of LED ultraviolet lamp beads which are uniformly distributed.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are merely for purposes of illustration and explanation, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
When the device is used, photosensitive resin and silicon dioxide powder are uniformly mixed in an ultrasonic oscillation liquid storage tank 4, the prepared mixture flows through a flow controller 2, the flow rate of the liquid mixture is controlled so that the liquid mixture passes through a tubular ultraviolet lamp 3 at a constant speed, the viscosity of the liquid mixture is improved to be in a semisolid state under the irradiation of ultraviolet light and then flows into a liquid storage tank 6, the mixture in the liquid storage tank 6 is extruded into a spray head 9 under the pressurization of a pneumatic pump, the mixture is extruded in a filament shape through the spray head 9 and is printed in layers according to a preset track, meanwhile, the mixture extruded onto a crucible substrate 11 is irradiated by a circular ultraviolet lamp 10 on the spray head 9 and is rapidly solidified, after one layer of printing is finished, a lifting platform 19 descends to a certain height to print the next layer, after the printing is finished, the forming platform is moved to a sintering cabin of a machine body 1, a heat insulation cabin, and then carrying out heat treatment in a muffle furnace 15 for degreasing, removing resin, raising the temperature for sintering, and finally carrying out heat preservation and annealing to obtain the glass body.
The ultrasonic oscillation liquid storage tank 4 is used for fully and uniformly mixing the photosensitive resin and the silicon dioxide powder and ensuring that the powder is not deposited on the bottom of the tank, the photosensitive resin is low in viscosity of 100mPa ∙ s, the silicon dioxide powder is nano-powder with the average diameter of 20nm, and the silicon dioxide powder can be uniformly dispersed in the liquid resin.
Flow controller 2 is arranged in monitoring and control liquid mixture velocity of flow, and the semi-solid is making liquid mixture through tubulose ultraviolet lamp 3 in the time, also controlling the viscosity that flows into liquid storage pot 6 in the mixture simultaneously, can adjust viscosity in real time according to the state of extruding the mixture from shower nozzle 9 and the printing effect, the used optical wavelength of tubulose ultraviolet lamp 3 and ring form ultraviolet lamp 10 is 405nm, is applicable to the general photosensitive resin's on the market solidification wavelength.
The semi-solid mixture in the liquid storage tank 6 is extruded to the spray head 9 by the pneumatic pump 5, the internal gas is nitrogen, the photosensitive resin is prevented from being oxidized to influence the subsequent curing effect, the check valve 7 is added at the feed inlet of the liquid storage tank 6, so that the flow rate control failure of the flow controller 2 caused by the backflow of the mixture is avoided, and the mixture can be completely cured to block a guide pipe in serious cases.
The crucible substrate 11 is used as a forming platform for directly carrying out subsequent heat treatment on a printed object under the condition of not taking down the printed object, and meanwhile, a layer of heat insulation plate 20 is placed between the crucible substrate 11 and the lifting platform 19 to avoid damaging the lifting platform 19 in a high-temperature environment.
The sliding module I12, the sliding module II 16, the sliding module III 18 and the lifting platform 19 are all controlled by a motor, in the working process, three-dimensional data of a printed object is input into a computer, the computer slices the generated three-dimensional graph, a plurality of section graphs are formed according to the requirements of a user, the computer plans a printing path and the descending height and time of a forming platform according to the horizontal morphology and the section thickness of the section graphs, the sliding module II 16 and the sliding module III 18 are controlled by the motor to enable the spray head 9 to move along a preset path, the extruded filiform mixture fills the graph, meanwhile, the photosensitive resin absorbs ultraviolet light to be rapidly cured, after one layer of graph is printed, the lifting platform 19 descends by the height of one section thickness, the spray head 9 moves again according to the path to print the next layer of graph, the operation is repeated, and finally the printing of the whole three-dimensional object is completed, and then the motor controls the sliding module I12 to send the printed object into the sintering chamber.
The heat insulation cabin door 14 separates the printing cabin from the sintering cabin, so that the two cabin bodies work at respective proper temperatures, meanwhile, the independent cabin bodies are easy to control humidity and prevent dust, irritant gas generated by heat treatment is convenient to process, after the printing body is sent to the sintering cabin, the height of the lifting platform 19 is adjusted, the printing body is placed in a muffle furnace 15 to be dried to remove residual solvent, then the temperature is raised to remove cured photosensitive resin, and finally high-temperature sintering is carried out to form a compact and transparent glass body.
The invention has the advantages of high printing speed, high forming precision and smooth surface of a printed object, and compared with the traditional glass processing technology, the invention has the advantages of simpler and more convenient printing technology, customizable shape and automatic mechanical control as well as capability of being operated and manufactured into a finished product after a user designs a model as the manufacturing technology of the glass material.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made to the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or to some technical features may be substituted. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A3D printing method for extruded wire photocuring and sintering molded glass is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) mixing photosensitive resin and silicon dioxide powder to obtain a uniform mixture;
(2) conveying the mixture from the liquid storage tank to the liquid storage tank at a constant speed through a flow controller, and simultaneously applying ultraviolet light on the way of conveying to semi-solidify the mixture;
(3) extruding the semi-cured mixture in the liquid storage tank to a printing nozzle, and realizing secondary curing by an ultraviolet lamp on the nozzle;
(4) and transferring the printed formed body to a nearby box body for drying, degreasing and sintering to finally obtain a glass finished product.
2. The 3D printing method for extruded photocuring and sintering glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic oscillation liquid storage tank enables the photosensitive resin and the silica powder to be fully mixed without precipitation, the photosensitive resin is a low-viscosity resin of 100mPa ∙ s, and the silica powder is nano-powder with the average diameter of 20 nm.
3. The 3D printing method for extruded photocuring and sinter molding glass as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow rate and the flow rate of the liquid are monitored and controlled by a flow controller, so as to control the viscosity of the mixture in the liquid storage tank.
4. The 3D filament extrusion photocuring and sintering molding glass printing method according to claim 1, wherein a tubular ultraviolet lamp is used, the ultraviolet lamp is a 405nm wavelength LED light source, and the on-off of the tubular ultraviolet lamp is synchronous with the on-off of the flow controller.
5. The 3D filament extruding photocuring and sintering molding glass printing method according to claim 1, wherein a 405nm annular ultraviolet LED lamp is used, and the switch of a light source is synchronous with the movement and the static movement of a nozzle.
6. The 3D printing method for extruded filament photocuring and sintering molding glass according to claim 1, wherein the pressure in the liquid storage tank is adjusted through a pressure pump, so that the extrusion amount and the extrusion speed of the mixture at the nozzle are controlled, the caliber of the nozzle is changed, the diameter of the extruded filament is changed, and the printing precision is adjusted.
7. The utility model provides a crowded silk photocuring and sintering shaping's glass 3D printing apparatus which characterized in that, the equipment includes:
(1) the printing equipment is used for preparing raw materials and printing and forming;
(2) and the sintering equipment is used for drying, degreasing and sintering the printing body.
8. The 3D printing equipment for the glass with the filament extrusion, the photocuring and the sintering molding according to claim 7 is characterized in that a printing material is prepared by mixing low-viscosity photosensitive resin and nano silicon dioxide powder, performing ultraviolet light semi-solidification, and extruding the semi-solidified mixture in a liquid storage tank to a sprayer by using nitrogen; using a sliding module and a sliding rod as a motion system; the tubular ultraviolet lamp ensures the stability of the filament extruded at the nozzle; the annular ultraviolet lamp ensures the curing efficiency.
9. The 3D filament extruding photocuring and sintering molding glass printing device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the printing device is integrated with the sintering device, so that the production efficiency is improved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911170303.7A CN110963676A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Crowded silk photocuring and sintering forming's glass 3D printing device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911170303.7A CN110963676A (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Crowded silk photocuring and sintering forming's glass 3D printing device |
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| CN110963676A true CN110963676A (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114702249A (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2022-07-05 | 青岛理工大学 | Batch production system for manufacturing large-size electric heating glass based on composite micro-nano additive |
| CN114986871A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 东莞理工学院 | Photo-thermal multifunctional cooperative auxiliary fine direct-writing printing equipment |
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